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HOSPITAL  WORLD 


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Vol.  X  (XXI)              Toronto,  July,  1916                           No.  1 

CONTENTS 

EDITORIAI.S.  SEIiECTi:!}  ARTICIiES. 

Page  Page 

TUc,  F'r.nri   Tnhnvntnrx-                                     1  Cases    Treated    by    Radium    in    the 

I           wl.^                       \  Royal  Infirmary,  Edinburgh.    By 

leam    vvoik    ........... ^  Dawson   Turner,   M.D.,   F.R.C.P., 

Hospital  and  Health  Centres    5  2^^^.,    M.R.C.P.,    Londl,    F.R.S.e!      16 

OBIGINAI.    CONTRIBUTIONS.  SOCIETY   PROCEEDINGS. 

A  Plea  for   the  Training  of  Men   as  The  Ontario  Medical  Health  Officers' 

Nurses.     By     Prank     H.      Holt,  Association   Meeting    25 

M.D        Superintenrlent      of      the  ^j^^^  HOSPITALS. 
Michael     Reese     Hospital,     Chi- 
cago, formerly  Assistant  Super-  Dr.    Wilfred    T.     Grenfell's    Experi- 

intendent    of    the    Boston    City  ences  in  the  Trenches 28 

Hospital,    Boston    8  Letter  from  Dr.   Harley   Smith    ....      29 


■If.^^t- 


Fellows^  Compound  Syrup 
of  Hypophosphites 

1866-1916 

Not  a  new-born  prodigy  or  an  untried 
experiment,  but  a  remedy  whose  useful- 
ness has  been  fully  demonstrated  during 
half  a  century  of  clinical  application. 


For  50  Year^  The  Standard 


ophos.  Comp.  FELLOWS' 


and    Inefficient   Substitutes 
[rations  "Just  as  Good" 


«•  If.  <mm'm_^'W>my¥r>ta  ^  wsavi-ti'a 


'S^^Z^>^S^~- 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  the  Parliament  of  Canad  a,  in  the  year  one  thousand  nine  hundred  and  twelve, 
by  the  Publishers  at  the  Department  of  Agriculture.     All  rights  reserved. 


LISTERINE 

A  safe,  non- poisonous,  unirritating  antiseptic  solution 

LISTERINE  embodies  a  two-fold  antiseptic  effect,  in  that  after  the  evaporation  of  its 
volatile  constituents — thyme,  eucalyptus,  mentha,  gaultheria  and  ethyl  alco- 
hol— a  film  of  boracic  and  benzoic  acids  remains  upon  the  surface  to  which 
Listerine  has  been    applied,  affording  more  prolonged  antiseptic  protection. 

LISTERINE  is  a  trustworthy  surgical  dressing  ;  it  has  no  injurious  effect  upon  the  tissues  in 
which  the  healing  process  is  going  on. 

LISTERINE  in  proper  dilution  is  useful  in  the  treatment  of  abnormal  conditions  of  the 
mucosa  and  forms  a  suitable  wash,  gargle  or  douche  in  catarrhal  conditions  of 
the  nose  and  threat. 

LISTERINE  in  teaspoonful  doses  will  often  afford  relief  in  fermentative  dyspepsia  and  is 
largely  prescribed,  with  excellent  results,  in  the  various  forms  of  diarrhoea 
occurring  in  infants  and  adults. 

LISTERINE  literature,  including  special  pamphlets  upon  Disorders  of  Digestion  and 
Respirator})    Diseases,    may    be    had,     by    physicians,    upon    application    to 

LAMBERT   PHARMACAL   COMPANY 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  U.S.A. 

Church  and  Gerrard  Sts.  Toronto,  Canada. 


THE  "TARBOX"  DRY-DUSTING  MOPS 

Chemically    Treated  — No    Oil    to     Soil- 
Destroy  Nothing  Except  the  Drudgery  of  the 

DAILY  DUSTING 

The  chemical  action  causes  the  Mop  to  absorb  just  sufficient 
dampness  from  the  Atmosphere  to  collect  and  hold  the  dust 
while  working— Do  not  flit  the  dust — Do  not  smear  or  dissolve 
the  floor  wax  as  oils  do. 

"  Tarbox  "  Dry-Dusting  Mops  are  not  Dry  Mops. 
Note  the  distinction. 

The  whole  room  may  be  dusted 
without  fear  of  smearirg  or  soil- 
ing anything — Paper,  Bases  or 
Mats. 

Every  dusting  adds  that  desired 
sheen  to  waxed  floors. 

The  essential  chemical  used  is 
a  germicide. 

Made  in  Canada 
Sold  in  Foreigrn  Countries 

Manufactured  by  TARBOX  BROS.,  TORONTO,  CANADA 

Sole  Factors  for  the  United  Kingdoms  :  J.  &  A.    McFarlane,  Ltd.,    Glasgow,    Scotland 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Ether  for  Anaesthesia 

HARTZ 

AN  ETHER  SPECIALLY  PREPARED 
AND  PURIFIED  FOR  ANAESTHESIA 

By  a  new  process  invented  by 
PROF.  G.  MICHAELIS 


This  new  process  enables  us  to  place  with  the 
Profession  an  Ether  far  superior  to  any  Ether  hereto- 
fore sold.  By  it,  impurities,  which  have  up  to  the 
present  been  found  in  small  quantities  in  the  best 
ethers,  have  been  entirely  eliminated. 

A  SIMPLE  TEST  MAY  BE  APPLIED  TO 
PROVE  THE  SUPERIORITY  OF  OUR  ETHER 

If  10-CC  of  our  Ether  be  shaken  with  1-CC  of  Nessler's 
reagent,  the  reagent  will  not  show  more  than  a  faint 
opalescence  ;  while  if  the  same  test  is  applied  to  other 
ethers  the  reagent  will  at  once  turn  dark,  due  to  the 
impurities  which  they  contain. 

We  Guarantee  the  Quality  of  Our  Ether 
and  Solicit   Your   Trial  Order 

SPECIAL  HOSPITAL  PRICES  FOR  QUANTITY 

THE  J.  F.  HARTZ  CO.,  LTD. 

Physicians*  and  Hospital  Supplies 

TORONTO  CANADA 


When   writing-  advertiserts,    please   mention   The   Hospital   World. 


u 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


July,  1916 


Hospital  Superintendents 

should  instruct  their  Nurses  and  Domestics  to  use 

GILLETT'S  LYE 

for  disinfecting  sinks,  closets  and  drains.  It  is  also  ideal  for  the 
cleansing  of  urinals  and  bed  pans — in  fact  any  vessel  that  requires 
disinfecting.  Gillett's  Lye  should  always  be  used  for  scrubbing 
hospital  bath  tubs  and  operating  room  floors. 

For  cleansing  and  disinfecting.dissolve  one  teaspoonful  of  Gillett's 
Lye  in  two  gallons  of  water. 


(^^TT's 


BEWARE   OF   IMITATIONS 


E.  W.  Gillett  Co.  Ltd. 

TORONTO,  ONT. 


^U'^TTs 


Winnipeg 


Montreal 


DESCRIPTION  OF  DOLL.— Over  5  feet  tall,  made  of  finely  woven 
stockinet.  Is  durable,  waterproof  and  sanitary.  Has  copper  Reservoir 
which  has  three  tubes  leading:  into  it,  correspcn-Jine  in  location  and 
<!ize  to  the  urethra,  vaeinal  and  recta!  passages. 


The  Chase  Hospital  Doll 

For  Use  in  Training  Schools 

Adult  size,  also  infant  models,  2,  4 
and  12  months,  and  4-year-oId  sizes. 

Chase  dolls  are  well  made  of  cloth, 
jointed,  and  painted  with  waterproof 
paint,  with  internal  reservoirs. 

The  Value 

of  this  substitute  of  a  living  model  is 
found  in  the  many  practical  lessons 
which  can  be  taught  in  the  class  room, 
such  as  handling  of  patients,  admin- 
istering enema,  douching,  probing  in 
the  ear  and  nose  cavities — in  short, 
the  complete  care  of  the  patient. 


We  make  dolls  vvith- 
outreservoirifdesired. 
Send  for  illustrated 
booklet  giving  full 
particulars. 


M.  J.  CHASE 

22  Park  Place,   Pawtucket,  R.I. 


When   writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


July,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


m 


HEADQUARTERS    FOR 

OFFICERS'  KHAKI  UNIFORMS 

AND  EQUIPMENT  FOR 

ARMY    MEDICAL    CORPS. 

WARRANTED  Correct  in  Design  and  Fit  at  Reasonable  Pricesj 


DOCTOR'S  HOSPITAL  SUITS 
HOSPITAL  LINEN 


THE      MILLER     MANUFACTURING,     LIMITED, 

44-46     YORK     STREET  -  -  TORONTO,     ONTARIO 

Uniform  Contractors  to  the  Dominion  and  Imperial  Governments. 

When  Enquiring  be  sure  to  Specify  what  you  are  Particularly  Interested  in. 


DOCTOR — Why  waste  money  on  new  tires  ? 
Let  us  have  two  of  your  old  cases  and 
we  will  by  our  special  process  deliver 
you  at  small  cost  a  double  tire  that  will  give 
you  from  1000  miles  up  and  save  you  buying  an- 
other spare  cover.  Let  us  do  the  post  mortem 
for  you  and  the  old  carcass  will  come  to  life. 

TORONTO    TIRE    STITCHING    CO. 

137  Church  Street,  near  Queen,  Toronto 

PHONE  MAIN  7752 

When   writing-  advertisers,    please 


Junket 

^^    MADE    WITH      MILK 

The  history,  ori,2;in  .ind  making  of  Junket,  the 

reasons  for  its  unusuallv  high  nutritive  value  and  thcvarious 
ways  in  which  it  may  be  prescribed  or  used,  are  briefly  set 

forth  in  an  interesting  treatise, 


I JONKCT       I 
yn  DIETtTtCsf 


"  Junket  in  Dietetics,"  pre- 
pared especially  for  the  pro- 
fession. 

Send  For  This 
Helpful  Booklet 

— even  if  you  are  familiar  with 
Junket.  A  discussion  of  Ren- 
net Ferment  by  those  em- 
ployed in  producing  it  for  over 
half  a  century,  will  prove  in- 
teresting and  helpful.  Sent 
free  with  samples  cf  Junket, 
upon  request. 
Sold  by  druggists  or  grocers  or  directly  by  us 
to  the  profession  at  75c.  per  100  tablets. 

Chr.  Hansen's  Laboratory- 
Helen  St..  LITTLE  FALLS,  N.Y 

llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll 


mention  The  Hospital  'World. 


IV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


July,  1916 


THE  KIDDIE -KOOP 


IS    A    BASSINET,    PLAY 
PEN  AND  SAFETY  CRIB 


The  Hospital  Model,  especially  designed  for  Hospital  use. 


Saves  time,  worry, 
footsteps  for  the 
nurse.  Means  for 
baby  health,  happi- 
ness and  safety. 
Folds  instantly. 

Weighs  35  lbs.  com- 
plete. 

Wheels  anywhere 
on  swivel  forks. 

Highly  finished  in 
white  enamel.  Sil- 
vered wire  screen- 
ing. 

Superintendents  should 
write    for   our   special 
I       hospital  offer. 

LEA-TRIMBLE 
MFG.  COMPANY 

TORONTO 


"NO     BETTER     ATMOSPHERE     IN     THE     WORLD     FOR    A 
CONSUMPTIVE   THAN   THAT   OF   YOUR    OWN     MUSKOKA." 

Sir  Wm.  Osier,  distinguished  Canadian,  now  Regius  Professor  of  Oxford  University  formerly  of  Baltimore,  Md. 


Regular  Rates 

$12  to  $15 

per  week 


Rates 


Special 

For  Bed 
Patients  in 
Separate 
Accom- 
modation 


iMLmL  e>a:, 


^M4iW®» 


^■.j 


AmM^ 


MUSKOKA  COTTAGE  SANATORIUM 

Gravenhurst  -  -  -  Ontario,  Canada 

For  booklet  apply  to  W.  B.  KENDALL,  M.D..  CM.,  L.R.C.S..  L.R.CP.,  Physician-in-Chief. 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital    World. 


July,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Where  Sanatogen  is  Made 

As  Sanatogen  is  now  so  widely  prescribed  in  Canada, 
physicians  will  be  interested  to  know  that  the  whole 
supplies  for  Great  Britain  and  the  Colonies  are 
manufactured  at  our  British  factory.  This  factory 
was  established  in  1908  at  Penzance,  where  the 
Cornish  pasture-lands  lie  open  to  the  Atlantic 
breezes,  and  a  view  of  it  is  given  above.  Only  British 
labour  is  employed  there,  and  all  the  ingredients 
are  obtained  in  Great  Britain. 


In  the  words  of  Sir  Charles  A. 
Cameron,  C.B.,  M.D.,  President  of 
the  Royal  Institute  of  Public  Health, 
London:  "Sanatogen  is  an  excellent 
nerve  food,  of  the  highest  nutritive 
value,  containing  a  large  amount  of 
organic  phosphorus,  which  is  offered 
to  the  tissues  in  exactly  the  form  in 
which  it  can  be  easily  absorbed." 

The  value  of  Sanatogen  has  been 
thoroughly  established  by  fifteen 
years'  clinical    use,   and    it    was    the 


only  preparation  among  tonics  and 
nutrients  which  received  the  Grand 
Prix — the  highest  possible  reward — at 
the  International  Medical  Congress, 
London,  1913. 

The  efficiency  of  Sanatogen  depends 
entirely  on  unique  processes  of  manu- 
facture, which  are  known  only  to 
the  Sanatogen  Company ;  and  no 
other  preparation  has  the  same  com- 
position or  effects. 


The  Sanatogen  Co.,  London  (England),  Sydney, 
Cape  Town,  and  Shanghai 


When   writing  advertisers,   please   mention   The   Hospital   "World. 


VI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Julv,  1916 


ROLLING 

RECLINING 

AND  CARRYING 


write    for 
Grade:"C"Catalocue 
containing 

FULL  LINE. 


GENDRONMFG.CO.    Cana^i 

LIMITE.D- 


COWAN'S  COCOA 

IS  ABSOLUTELY  PURE 


As  a  sick-room  beverage 
Cowan's  Cocoa  is  highly 
recommended  on  account 
of  its  high  quality  and 
absolute  purity.  It  is  made 
of  the  best  selected  cocoa 
beans,  scientifically  blend- 
ed, and  contains  no  for- 
eign elements.  And  it  is 
prepared  in  a  large  modern 
factory  where  the  most 
sanitary  conditions  are 
maintained. 


THE  COWAN  CO.,  LIMITED 

TORONTO 


Made  in  Canada 

SEED  X-RAY  PLATES 

Absolute  uniformity  of  emulsions ;  remark- 
able gradation  and  detail  (which  is  more 
essential  than  mere  contrast),  accuracy  and 
extreme  speed,  are  some  of  the  qualities  that 
make  Seed  X-Ray  Plates  ideal  in  diagnostic 
work. 

For  Sale  hy  all  Supply  Houses 
Leaflet  by  mail  on  request 

CANADIAN    KODAK  CO.,  Limited 

TORONTO,  CANADA 


When   writing   aUvertisei  s.    please  mention   Tlie   Hospital   World. 


July;  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Vll 


Attention  of  Canadian  Hospitals 


We  are 
manufactur- 
ers of  Metal 
Hospital 
Furniture 
of  all  kinds. 

Wheel 
Apparatuses 

Cabinets 
Screens,  etc. 


No  matter 
how  small 
your  re- 
quirements, 
let  us  have  a 
chance  to 
g^ive  you  a 
price. 


CANADA  FIRST 


THE  METAL  CRAFT  CO, 

GRIMSBY,  ONTARIO,  CANADA 


npHE  impurity  and  scarcity 
■*■  of  drinking  water,  so 
general  in  Europe,  means  suf- 
fering for  our  soldiers,  which 
can  be  greatly  relieved  by 

Adams' 

Tutti  Frutti 

Gum 

Tutti  Frutti  is  refreshing,  keeps 
the  mouth  moist,  and  its  five 
mellow  flavors  give  the  variety 
which  soldiers  crave.  This  is 
good  to  remember  and  to 
suggest  to  your  friends. 


When   writins  advertisers,    please   mentiim   Tlie   Hospital    World. 


VIll 


THE  HOSPITAL  AVORLD 


July,  1916 


"RITE"NURSER 


( Copyright  applied  for) 


Note  the 

Up, 

holds  the 

Nipple. 


Full 
Capacity. 


Graceful 
Lines. 


No  Sharp 
Corners 


Why  buy 

the  old  3 

Star 

Nurser 

when  you 

canbuythe 

RITE 

bottle  at 
the  righi 

price  ? 
Packed  1 
Qross  to 

a  case. 
Order  Now 


The  Richards  Glass  Co.,  Limited 

TORONTO      Phone  Adel.  576      CANADA 

"The  Home  of  the  Rigo  Line" 


NURSES'  AGENCY 

Physicians  should  note  that  I  am  prepared 
to  supply  Graduate,  Undergraduate  and 
District  Nurses,  at  any  hour,  night 
or  day.  I  use  the  greatest  of  care  to  supply 
only  women  of  unquestioned  reputation  and 
ability. — A  trial  call  solicited. 

9  a.m.  to  5.30  p.m. 
Telephone  Main  1507 

Nights,  Sundays  and  Holidays, 
Telephone  Park.  5320 

H.  S.  DAVEY 

163 '2  Church  St.  Toronto 


Members  of 

THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION 

desirous  of  getting  rid  of  the  worry  of  book- 
keeping and  who  have  not  had  the  time  to  give 
the  attention  necessar}-  for  the  successful  collec- 
tion   of    their    accounts,    should    call    upon 

H.  R.  Heyes  &  Company 

59  YONGE  ST.,  TORONTO 

Messrs.  Heyes  &:  Co.  are  prepared  to  attend  to  all  such 
details,  not  only  the  actual  collection  of  the  accounts  ;  but, 
through  a  special  system  of  their  own,  attend  to  aU  book-keeping 
and  records,  mailing  of  monthly  statements,  etc.,  etc. 

The  firm  will  be  very  glad  to  hear  from  physicians,  and,  on 
receipt  of  a  post  card  or  phone  message,  will  call  upon  the  Doctor 
at  his  office  at  any  convenient  hour. 

The  Telephone  No.  is  "M.  4962" 


When   writing  advertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


July,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


IX 


A  Reliable  Disinfectant 

Piatt  s  dilorides  kas  a  record  or 
over  tnirty-six  years,  and  nas  tne 
endorsement  oi  tne  medical  pro- 
fession. 

A.  po-^verrul  disinfectant  and  de- 
odorant Mvnicn  destroys  germs  and 
bad  odors. 

Is  absolutely  Odorless  and  does 
not  cover  one   odor  ■with  another. 

"Piatt's 
Chlorides 

JDisizirGc-tanti 

Two  Sizes — 25c.  and  50c. 

Sold  everywhere. 

AVrite  for  booklet  to  the  manufacturer 

HENRY  B.  PLATT,  51  Cliff  St. 

NEW  YORK  CITY 


A  Practical  Prescription 


f^LUTO^ 

'^oncentratep 


Samples,  clinical  data  and 
literature  sent  on  request. 


PLUTO 

Bottled  by  the  FRENCH  LICK  SPRINGS 
HOTEL  CO.,  French  Lick,  Indiana 


In  order  to  build  up  a  patient  s  strength  after  ill- 
ness, from  -whatever  cause,  increase  the  haemoglobin 
m  the   red   blood   corpuscles   by    prescribing] 

O'Keefe's  Old  Stock  Ale 
D  Pilsener    Lager 

OR 

Extra  Mild  Stout 

These  malt  preparations  will  increase  appetite,  help 
the  patient  to  sleep  and  rapidly  bring  him  back  to 
normal   health. 


When   writing  advertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital    World. 


X 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


July,  1916 


HOSPITAL     EQUIPMENT       ^he^New  G^«„'^/^ral^Hos^P;tal^«^  Montreal,  and  scores 


'  Alaska  "  Beds  and 


itals,    are    equipped    with 


OSTERMOOR    MATTRESSES 

They  last  a  lifetime,  and  are  absolutely  satisfactory.     More  sanitary  than  hair — for  less  money. 


THE  ALASKA  FEATHER  AND  DOWN  CO.,  Limited 


Montreal  and  Winnipeg 


GERMICIDAL  SOAP 

For  Hospital  use,  the  Soap  par  excellence. 

For  preparing  antiseptic  solutions  (no  weighing,    measuring 
or  waste). 

For  sterilizing  hands,  instruments  and  site  of  operation. 
For  cleansing  w^ounds  (bruises,  abrasions,  ulcers,  etc.). 
For  disinfecting  surface  lesions. 

For  lubricating  sounds  and  specula.     It  does  not  affect  nickel 
or  steel  instruments,  but  acts  on  silver  or  aluminum. 

Germicidal  Soap  lends  itself  to  a  hundred  uses  in  the  Hospital. 
Our  word  and  reputation  are  back  of  its  worth. 

Sample  with  descriplive  literature  sent  on  request. 

PARKE,   DAVIS   (^   CO. 

WALKERVILLE  ONTARIO 

Eastern  Depot — 118  St.  Paul  Street  W.,  Montreal,   Quebec. 


T\'hen  writing-  advertiseis,    please  mention  Tlie   Hospital   'V\^orIcl. 


July,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XI 


(n  Seal 
'^  Brand 

Coffee 


Recognized  in  all 
professions  and 
walks  of  life,  as 
the  leading  coffee 
in  the  best  grocery 
stores   of   Canada* 


In  yi,  1  and  2  pound  cans. 
Whole  —  ground  —  pulverized  — 
also  Fine  Ground  for  Percolators. 


CHASE  &  SANBORN,  MONTREAL. 

162 


The  Soap 
for  health 


Better  to  be 

safe  than 

sorry — 

wash  with 

LIFEBUOY 
SOAP 

ITS  choice  oils 
give  a  smooth 
velvety  lather 
that  soothes  while 
it  cleanses  the  skin 
—Its  mild  carbolic 
solution  means  no 
germs.  The  odor 
does  not  cling,  but 
vanishes  a  few 
seconds  after  use. 

Grocers  sell  Lifebuoy 
Healthy  Soap 


lbl4 


> 


^i?^a 


^y 


'l-Y  5  Ct^ 


^ 


When    writing   advertisers,    please   mention   Tlie    Hot^pital    world. 


Xll 


THE  HOSPITAL  AVORLD 


July,  1916 


To  Lysol  Buyers 


THE  attention  of  the  Hospitals  is  respectfully 
called  to  this  FACT,  that  when  in  need 
of  the  above  they  can  procure  an  article 
identical  to  Lysol,  under  the  name  of  "  Solyol," 
which  is  manufactured  in  Canada  and  is  guaranteed 
by  Bacteriological  and  all  other  tests  to  be  identical 
to   L)"sol. 

They  also  manufacture  Polusterine,  the  only  non-poisonous 
disinfectant  on  the  market  with  the  same  Rydai  Walker  co- 
efficient as  the  above.  This  is  a  medicinal  article  prepared 
from  the  essential  oil  of  the  pine  (Pinus  Palustris)  with 
Eucalyptol,  Oil  of  Thyme,  etc.;  is  miscible  in  water  to  any 
strength  desired  and  has  the  pleasant  odor  of  the  pine.  Will 
dry  up  Poison  Ivy  and  Scaly  Eczema  in  from  four  to  eight 
days.  Contains  neither  Soap  nor  Rosin.  Ideal  for  bathing 
patients  recovering  from  contagious  diseases. 

SAMPLES  AND  LITERATURE  WILL  CHEERFULLY 
BE    FURNISHED    ON    APPLICATION    TO  THE 


POLUSTERINE   PRODUCTS  CO. 

Toronto,  Ont. 


OF  CANADA 


12  Rats  Caught  in  One  Day. 


Catcher  Resets  Itself. 


Rats  and  Mice  Eat  the  Meat  out  of  Oats  and  Corn  and  Horses 

get  the  Husk. 

Caught   51    Rats   One  Week 


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Trap  resets  itself.  22  inches  high.  Will 
last  for  years.  Can't  get  out  of  order. 
Weighs  7  pounds.  12  rats  caught  one  day. 
Cheese  is  used,  doing  away  with  poisons. 
This  trap  does  its  work,  never  fails  and 
is  always  ready  for  the  next  rat.  When 
rats  and  mice  pass  device  they  die.  Rats 
are  disease  carriers,  also  cause  fires. 
These  catchers  should  be  in  every  hospital 
and  school  building.  Rat  catcher  sent  pre- 
paid on  receipt  of  $3.  Mouse  catcher,  10 
ins.  high,  $1.     Money  back  if  not  sacistied. 


lllltllllMIMIllll 


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H.  D.  SWARTS  Ma'nuTcturet  Box  566,  Scranton,Pa. 

Universal  Rat  and  Mouse  Traps 


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July,  1916 


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The  Largest  Hospitals 


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July,  1916 


T^OCTOR : — In  this  age  the  critical  and  progressive 


LJ 


Doctor  has  a  keen  appreciation  for  that  which  is 


giving  quick  results. 

JAMUN  COMPOUND  IN  DIABETES 

IS    SPECIFIC    I  IM    ACTION 

A  modern  product,  strictly  ethical.  Literature  will 
be  sent  to  members  of  the  Medical  Profession  upon 
application. 

The  National  Drug  and  Chemical  Company  are 
the  wholesale  distributing  agents  for  Canada. 

THE    JAMUN    COMPANY 
343-344  Loeb  Arcade,        -        -        Minneapolis,  Minn. 


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Manufactured    by 

CANADA  WIRE  AND  IRON  GOODS  CO.,  HAMILTON 


Illustrating  our  HOLDER  AND  BASKETS  for  Sterilizing  Glasses  and  Silverware 

This  type  of  equiument  is  in  use  at  the  Guelph  Agricultural  College.  IXQUIRIES    SOLICITED 

We  Manufacture  METAL   LOCKERS  and  HOSPITAL  TABLES 


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This  has  been  our  study  for  thirty-five  years.  We  build  chairs 
that  suit  the  requirements  of  any  case.  If  your  dealer  cannot 
supply  you,  write  us  direct  for  catalogue  No.  80,  and  prices. 

GENDRON  WHEEL  CO.,         -  -TOLEDO,  O.,  U.S.A. 

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Physicians  know  that 

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When  consulted  on  the  sub- 
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XVI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


July,  1916 


WHEN  ORDERING 


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OUR  HYPODERMIC  TABLETS  ARE  ABSOLUTELY 
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AND  ARE  IN  USE  IN  THE  LARGER  HOSPITALS  OF 
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WILL  YOU  NOT  LET  US  QUOTE  YOU  FOR  YOUR 
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Manufacturing  Chemists 

142  St.  Urbain  Street  -:-  Montreal 


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(Incorporating  The  Journal  of  Preventive  Medicine  and   Sociology) 

©ornnto,  QIattaba 

A    Journal    published    in    the    interests    of    Hospitals,    Sanatoria.    Asylums,    and 
Public    Charitable    Institutions     throughout    the    British     Empire. 


iEbitorfi : 


•'  ?^0flpttal  JflattttPttanrf  anb 
3Finau«  " 

C  J.  CO.  HASTINGS,  Medical  Health 
Officer,  City  of  Toronto:  HELEN  MAC- 
MURCHY,  B.A.,  M.D.,  Assistant  Inspector 
of  Hospitals,  Province  of  Ontario  ;  and  MR. 
CONRAD  THIES,  late  Secy..  Royal  Free 
Hospital.    London,    England. 

"  S^oaptlal  icquiprntnt  attb 
ApplianrpH  " 

N.  A.  POWELI,,  M.D..  CM.,  Senior 
Assistant  Surgeon  in  cKarge  Shields  Emerg- 
ency Hospital.  Professor  Medical  Jurisprudence, 
Medical  Department.  University  of  Toronto. 

"  iJ^uapitals  aitit  ^ttwentitte 
fflpfitrittp  " 

J.  W.    S.    McCULLOUGH,    M.D.,  Chief 

Officer  oi  Health  for  the  Province  of  Ontario. 

J.  H.  ELLIOTT.  M.p.,  Asst.  Medicine  and 
Clinical  Medicine,  L^niv.  of  Toronto. 

P.  H.  BRYCE,  M.D.,  Chief  Medical  Officer. 
Dept.  of  The  Interior,  Otta^va. 


"  Sfuratitg  Sppartmfttt  " 


MISS   MARGARET    CONROY,   Boston. 

Mass. 

"  iJ^oBpital  (EoitHtrurttatt " 

CHRISTIAN  R.  HOLMES,  M.D.,  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio  ;  DONALD  J.  MACKINTOSH. 
M.D.,  M.VO..  Medical  Superintendent. 
Western  Infirmary.  GlasgO"w. 

"  Mehital  (©rganizatimt  " 

HERBERT  A.  BRUCE.   M.D,   F.R.SC. 

Surgeon,  Toronto  General  Hospital,  Toronto  ; 
H.  A.  BOYCE,  M.D.,  Kingston,  Ont.  :  H. 
E.  WEBSTER.  Esq.,  Superintendent  the 
Royal  Victoria  Hospital,  Montreal,  P.Q.  ; 
W.  A.  YOUNG,  M.D.,  L.R.C.P.,  London. 
Consultant,  Toronto  Hospital  for  Incurables. 
Toronto. 

"  9artalagt|  " 

J.  T.  GILMOUR,  M.D..  Warden.  Central 
Prison,  Guelph    Ont. 

"  QIubprruloBtB  S-anatorta  " 

GEORGE  D.  PORTER.  M.D.,  Toronto  ; 
J.  H.  HOLBROOK,  M.B.,  Physician-in- 
Chief,  Mountain  Sanatorium,  Hamilton,  Ont. 


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WORLD,"     145     COLLEGE     ST.,     TORONTO,     ONT. 

Reprints,   including  Half-tones,  etc..  Supplied   Authors   at   Net  Cost. 


Vol  X. 


TORONTO,  JULY,  1916 


No.  1 


Editorials 


THE  FOOD  LABORATORY 


The  word  metabolism  is  at  present  much  to  the  fore 
in  medicine.  Simply  interpreted,  it  designates  the 
science  of  food  in  its  values  and  effects  on  tlie  body 


2  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

tissues.  This  science,  througii  recent  specialization 
and  keen  laboratory  research,  is  making  valuable  con- 
tribution to  the  treatment  of  certain  diseases. 

Varieties  of  diet  for  infants,  consumptives,  pa- 
tients suffering  from  liver  and  kidney  diseases  have 
been  recognized  and  prescribed  long  enough  to  make 
a  general  knowledge  of  the  same  a  common  public 
possession.  But  this  new  realization  of  the  absolute- 
Iv  definite  and  instant  action  of  food  constituents 
upon  diseased  organs  is  opening  up  a  fresh  avenue 
in  therapeutics,  and  one  giving  far-reaching  vistas. 

The  dietitian  is  lifted  from  the  position  at  first 
assigned  as  head  of  a  nurses'  kitchenette  for  supply- 
ing and  teaching  the  prei^aration  of  dainty  and  in- 
valid foods.  The  office  must  now  be  filled  by  a  sci- 
entifically trained  investigator  with  a  laboratory 
staff  upon  whose  results  the  physician  will  depend  to 
an  extent  and  in  detail  unknown  in  the  past. 

A  few  hospital  laboratories  are  making  remark- 
able findings  along  this  line  of  work,  and  as  all  our 
institutions  are  in  close  touch  and  quick  to  recognize 
progress,  other  hospitals  will  doubtless  soon  fall  into 
rank. 

The  article  by  Miss  McCullough  on  this  subject 
in  the  May  issue  of  the  Journal  of  the  Canadian 
Medical  Association  is  a  revelation  of  what  one  hos- 
pital is  accomplishing  in  this  direction.  It  indicates 
not  only  the  high  value  of  results  achieved  in  furth- 
ering treatment  of  disease;  but  also  incidentally 
shows  how  large  a  determining  factor  metabolism  is 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  3 

becpming  in  the  science  of  medicine,  and  how  im- 
portant the  laboratory  devoted  to  its  study  must  be- 
come in  the  hospital. 

An  even  more  valuable  point  made  in  the  paper 
referred  to  was  that  of  after  care  of  metabolic  cases 
who  are  leaving  the  hospital.  The  Peter  Bent  Brig- 
ham  Hospital  is  planning  to  teach  such  patients  smi- 
ple  methods  by  which  they  may  test  their  condition, 
know  when  to  fast,  and  what  foods  to  drop  for  a  time. 
The  outdoor  clinic  in  some  of  the  large  hospitals  is 
carrying  education  still  further  in  these  directions  by 
holding  weekly  diabetic  clinics  at  which  all  discharg- 
ed diabetics  and  other  patients  suffering  from  meta- 
bolic disorders  are  urged  to  attend  for  further  in- 
struction and  treatment. 


TEAM  WORK 


It  is  rather  remarkable  that,  in  this  day  of  Capital 
combine,  of  unions,  of  teamwork  in  so  many  depart- 
ments of  service,  the  medical  fraternity  has  remain- 
ed so  individualistic  in  its  methods,  and  that  there  is 
yet  so  much  of  personal  competition.  Men  of  other 
professions — lawyers,  architects  and  engineers — 
group  in  firms,  each  several  member  having  his 
special  phase  of  work. 

But  in  medicine,  while  the  general  practitioner 
and  the  specialist  both  exist,  each  is  but  formally  con- 
nected for  professional  purposes.  Each  ''goes  it 
alone"  to  an  extent  that  keeps  the  unfortunate  pa- 


4  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

tient  in  the  condition  of  the  hospital  inmate  who  had 
a  broken  leg.  Later  j^hlebitis  developed  in  the  re- 
maining member.  "Other  leg  swollen,  you  say," 
said  the  attending  surgeon,  as  he  manipulated  the 
splints.  "No,  I  won't  look  at  it.  That's  not  my  leg. 
It  belongs  to  Dr.  Smith."  And  he  adhered  to  his 
resolution. 

This  long  prevailing  custom  of  individualism  in 
medicine  seemed  good  and  sufficient  when  all  physi- 
cians, or  nearly  all,  were  what  is  termed  all-round 
practitioners.  But  with  the  rapid  advance  of  speci- 
alization its  weaknesses  have  vearly  become  more  evi- 
dent,  until  to-day  some  degree  of  medical  combine, 
union,  group  ser^dce — call  it  what  we  will — has  be- 
come inevitable ;  and  a  new  departure  in  this  matter 
is  already  begun. 

The  Mayo  Clinic  at  Rochester  is  perhaps  the  first 
and  most  excellent  instance  of  medical  team  work. 
At  this  clinic  every  patient  has  the  benefit  of  the  com- 
bined diagnosis  of  a  band  of  specialists  at  a  charge 
based  upon  the  income  of  the  patient. 

The  Clinical  Club  of  St.  Luke's  Hospital,  San 
Francisco,  organized  about  three  years  ago,  is  an- 
other noteworthy  effort  to  establish  medicai  team 
work  on  a  satisfactory  basis.  This  club  of  ten  men 
examine  the  patient,  make  w^ritten  report  of  their 
findings,  and  meet  daily  to  discuss  the  case.  If  the 
results  are  not  clear  the  patient  who  is  in  the  hospital 
under  observation  is  re-examined  daily  until  some 
definite  conclusion  is  reached.     The  physician  who 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  5 

first  referred  the  case  has  then  given  to  hini — or  mail- 
ed to  him — the  findings  and  recommendations  of 
these  specialists. 

The  fee  collected,  says  one  of  the  team,  is  not  suf- 
ficient to  pay  for  the  time  of  the  various  clinicians, 
but  the  educational  returns  for  each  member  in  the 
dail}^  discussion  with  his  colleagues  amply  repays 
them. 

The  results  of  this  or  of  some  similar  scheme  of - 
grouping  is  obvious  even  to  the  lay  mind.  It  brings 
to  both  patient  and  physician  all  the  advantages  of 
specialism,  without  its  clearly  seen  disadvantages. 
The  patient  has  placed  at  his  service,  at  a  price  with- 
in his  means,  the  observations  and  conclusions  of  a 
group  of  specialists  trained  along  many  lines.  The 
family  physician  has  a  strong  reinforcing  aid  in  his 
treatment  of  the  case,  while  the  specialist  gains  broad- 
er and  contributing  points  of  view. 

Team  work  in  medicine  is  fast  arriving — and  it 
comes  to  stav. 


HOSPITAL  AND  HEALTH  CENTRES 


It  is  estimated  that  about  ten  per  cent,  of  sick  folk 
go  to  hospitals.  Of  the  remaining  ninety  per  cent, 
but  a  small  proportion  have  specially  skilled  medical 
attendance  or  trained  nursing.  Fortunately,  the  av- 
erage case  of  pneumonia,  typhoid,  influenza,  scarlet 
fever  will  recover  if  the  medical  attendant  but  ob- 


6  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

serves  the  first  rule  of  therapeutics^non  nocere.  Let 
us  say  that  three-quarters  of  the  general  practition- 
er's clientele  consists  of  these  uncomplicated  cases 
which  go  on  to  recovery  if  no  harmful  medicaments 
are  prescribed.  There  yet  remains  one-quarter  of  the 
cases  which  are  more  or  less  baffling.  The  patients 
in  this  class  suffer  from  diseases  that  are  not  proper- 
ly diagnosed;  and  the  physician,  too  often,  gives  a 
shotgun  prescription,  with  the  hope  that  by  chance 
it  will  afford  relief.  Of  course,  occasionally  the  rem- 
edy relieves  the  disorder.  When  it  fails  to  do  so  the 
patient  leaves  the  original  doctor  and  goes  first  to 
one  and  then  another,  until  the  medical  gypsy  habit 
is  well  established,  after  which  he  is  ready  to  try  some 
patent  medicine,  spiritual  healing,  faith  cure,  or 
Christian  Science. 

Such  patients,  perhaps  neurasthenic,  possibly 
rheumatic  or  syphilitic,  enrich  the  manufacturer  of 
the  proprietary  nostrums,  and  by  their  conduct  throw 
much  stigma  upon  the  medical  profession. 

To  meet  this  breakdown  in  medical  practice  cer- 
tain improvements  are  necessary.  Among  these  are' 
the  abolition  of  the  proprietary  medical  school;  the 
better  training  of  medical  students  at  college,  and  a 
course  of  three  years  in  resident  hospital  practise.  . 

But  the  best  provision  may  be  found  in  v^ery  re- 
cent formation  of  hospital  or  health  centres  where 
the  acute  or  chronic  conditions  of  obscure  disorders 
may  be  studied  thoroughly. 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  7 

These  cases  demand  examination  from  the  labor- 
atory standpoint — chemical  and  bactei'iological ; 
careful  and  repeated  physical  examinations  by  tlie 
internist;  probably  a  study  by  an  ophthalmologist, 
oto-laryngologist,  a  neurologist,  or  ps^vchiatrist.  The 
health  or  hospital  centre  should  liaA'e  attached  to  it 
at  least  one  of  each  of  such  specialists. 

And  the  medical  profession  should  be  the  van- 
guard in-  the  establishment  of  such  centres. 


THE  HOSPITAL  \YORLD  July,  1916 


Original  Contributions 


A  PLEA  FOR  THE  TRAINING  OF  MEN  AS  NURSES 


BY  FRANK  H.  HOLT,  M.D., 

Superintendent  of  the  Michael  Reese    Hospital,  Chicago,  Formerly  Assist- 
ant Superintendent  of  the  Boston  City  Hospital,  Boston. 


I  BELIEVE  the  time  has  come  for  Superintendents  of  General  Hos- 
pitals and  Superintendents  of  Training  Schools  to  give  their 
attention  and  serious  consideration  to  the  training  of  men  as 
nurses.  I  am  aware  that  here  and  there  it  has  been  tried  and  in 
some  cases  been  discontinued. 

Hospitals  for  the  care  of  mental  and  insane  patients  have 
trained  men  on  equal  terms,  in  their  schools,  in  the  same  classes 
with  women,  and  their  success  can  be  gauged  by  a  glance  at  their 
alumni  roll,  which  shows  the  names  of  many  men  as  graduates 
who  afterwards  attained  distinction  in  the  medical  and  allied 
professions,  as  well  as  in  business.  Why  should  not  men,  as  well 
as  women,  care  for  the  sick  and  injured,  if  the}'  so  desire,  and 
why  should  they  not  be  trained? 

There  is  no  question  but  what  there  has  been  a  demand  for 
this  training  the  last  few  years. 

For  certain  purposes  the  services  of  men  are  needed  in  every 
hospital — to  transport  patients,  assist  in  handling  helpless  and 
delirious  ones,  give  baths,  do  dressings  and  wait  on  the  male 
patients. 

In  hospitals  too  small  to  employ  men  for  ward  work  alone, 
such  of  the  above  duties  as  cannot  be  done  by  the  female  nurses 
are  thrust  upon  the  general  utility  man ;  in  the  larger  ones,  not 
only  are  they  all  performed  by  the  men,  but  more — as  the  taking 
of  temperatures,  giving  of  medicines,  and,  in  fact,  everything 
that  is  done  by  the  female  nurses,  but  without  the  training  or 
recognition  given  the  latter. 

For  several  years,  while  Assistant  Superintendent  of  one  of 
the  largest  general  hospitals  in  the  East.  I  had  charge  of  seventy- 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  9 

five  men  engaged  in  ward,  accident  and  operating  fioor  work,  and 
the  experience  gained  proved  both  interesting  and  instructive. 

The  training  school  for  men  was  started  in  1911 ;  previous  to 
that  time  the  only  training  given  was  that  transmitted  by  an 
older  to  a  younger  man  on  the  ward  and  covered  onlj-  such  infor- 
mation as  was  actually  necessary  for  the  discharge  of  his  daily 
work. 

The  men  employed  were  required  to  fill  out  a  blank  form, 
composed  of  questions  giving  information  about  their  past  life, 
work,  etc.  Oftentimes  some  of  the  applicants  were  so  ignorant 
as  to  be  unable  to  fill  it  out  in  full  correctly. 

The  class  of  men  represented  ranged  from  the  trained  gradu- 
ate of  an  insane  hospital  training  school  or  green  country  boy 
coming  to  the  city  to  make  his  way,  or  to  acquire  an  education, 
taking  this  position  as  a  means  of  paying  his  way  or  as  a  step  to 
something  better — to  the  broken-down,  unsuccessful  graduate  of 
medicine  and  ''down  and  outer"  from  other  lines  of  work,  who 
had  spent  the  previous  night  on  a  park  bench  and  who  wanted 
a  "job." 

Some  of  these  men  were  drug  or  alcohol  addicts,  or  were 
rolling  stones  of  hospital  life,  and  in  spite  of  the  most  careful 
scrutiny  v/ould  be  accepted  only  to  have  their  failing  discovered 
afterwards. 

At  times  it  was  impossible  to  get  sufficient  men  to  carry  on 
the  work  properly — due  to  their  restless  and  roving  dispositions. 
To  emphasize  this  and  show  the  immense  amount  of  work  neces- 
sary to  maintain  the  standard  number,  i.e.,  the  75  required,  the 
following  figures  may  be  of  interest.  They  represent  the  figures 
for  eleven  consecutive  years. 

Number  of  applications  received 3,225 

Number  of  applicants  accepted 1,167 

Number  who  came  after  acceptance 768 

Number  of  graduates,  i.e..  those  who  remained  the  required 

two  years  and  received  a  certificate  or  diploma 168 

It  is  from  such  a  class  of  men  that  general  hospitals  have  had 
to  draw  for  their  male  ward  help.  These  men  were  known  as 
orderlies,  ward  masters,  ward  tenders,  etc. — any  training  being 
grudgingly  given  them,  even  if  they  were  worthy  to  receive  it. 


10  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

When  conditions  became  such  that  something  had  to  be  done 
a  slight  increase  of  wages  was  made — this  in  the  hojje  of  getting 
not  only  more,  but  a  better  class  of  men.  At  times  these  men 
were  sufficiently  interested  to  ask  for  some  instructions  in  order 
to  better  their  condition,  but  too  often  they  were  only  looking  for 
a  bed,  three  meals  and  their  weekly  pay.  It  can  be  seen  that  but 
few  of  the  better  class  of  men  would  stay  in  the  ■\4'ork,  and  the 
result  was  most  discouraging  for  those  in  charge  of  them  and  no 
incentive  to  interest  themselves  in  giving  instruction. 

The  class  of  men  who  apply  for  hospital  work  can  be  broadly 
divided  into  four  groups: 

1.  The  graduate  of  an  insane  or  other  hospital  who  desires 
additional  training  in  medical,  surgical  or  contagious 
work. 

2.  The  boy  from  the  country  coming  to  the  city  for  work  or 
an  education,  and  taking  this  as  a  means  of  supporting 
himself  until  established,  or  as  a  stepping  stone  to  some- 
thing better  later. 

3.  Men  whose  temperament  is  such  that  they  prefer  inside 
to  outside  work. 

4.  By  far  the  greatest  in  number,  men  who  for  one  reason  or 
another  have  given  up  other  lines  of  work  and  take  this 
simply  for  a  home  and  a  little  change  each  week. 

The  scarcity  of  men,  particularly  good  ones;  the  numerous 
complaints  from  patients  and  others,  and  the  constant  friction 
between  them  and  the  female  nurses,  caused  the  writer  to  study 
the  question  of  their  training.  It  would  seem  that  their  posi- 
tion at  the  present  time  is  much  the  same  as  that  of  the  female 
nurse  before  the  advent  of  training  schools. 

I  can  see  no  reason  why  men  should  not  be  admitted  to  estab- 
lished training  schools  on  the  same  basis  as  women,  as  many  of 
them  have  the  required  amount  of  preliminary  education,  being 
found  to  be  graduates  of  high  schools — some  have  even  a  higher 
educational  standard — provided  they  can  pass  the  necessary  re- 
quirements. If  admitted,  their  handicap  in  relation  to  the  female 
nurse  would  be  about  in  the  same  proportion  as  the  female  to  the 
male  medical  student.  If  not  admitted  on  equal  terms,  then  as 
an  alternative  I  would  suggest  the  method  tried  by  me,  which 


July.  191  fi  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  11 

was  t'o  educate  them  along  the  same  lines  as  the  female  nurses, 
as  far  as  possible,  up  to  a  point  set  by  law,  namely,  the  ability  to 
pass  the  State  Board  of  Registration  examinations  and  thus 
qualify  for  private  work  on  the  same  basis  as  women. 

The  classes  were  all  given  in  hosj^ital  time — no  absences  were 
permitted  on  class  days — the  same  text-books  were  used — all 
lectures  by  the  visiting  and  house  .staffs  attended,  notes  taken  to 
be  written  out  in  full  later,  corrected  as  to  composition,  spelling, 
punctuation,  etc. — marked  on  a  rating  of  A,  excellent;  B.  good: 
C,  fair ;  and  D,  poor  and  returned — and  any  who  felt  they  could 
not  keep  up  with  their  studies  were  allowed  to  seek  other  work, 
and  when  a  position  was  obtained  were  then  allowed  to  withdraw 
honorably ;  all  otliers  were  dismissed  at  once ;  fortunately  there 
were  a  number  who  had  requested  training,  who  were  above  the 
average  in  intelligence  and  education,  and  these  served  as  an 
example  and  a  stimulus  to  the  others.  They  were  distinctly  told 
in  the  beginning  that  they  were  being  trained  as  nurses  and  not 
as  medical  students,  and  that  at  no  time  were  they  to  consider 
themselves  such.  To  this  end,  the  study  of  anatomy,  physiology, 
materia  medica,  urinalysis,  etc.,  was  based  on  the  application  of 
these  subjects  to  their  ward  work,  as  the  anatomical  structures 
involved  in  a  Colles '  fracture,  a  fracture  of  both  bones  of  the  leg, 
or  any  abdominal  operation ;  the  physiological  processes  con- 
nected with  dietaries  served  to  the  different  groups  of  patients; 
a  description  of  the  drug  or  chemical  in  a  medicine  given,  the 
ingredients  or  preparations,  their  dosage  and  action,  and  in  urin- 
alysis, beside  the  simple  tests,  the  reasons  for  carefully  collecting 
not  only  a  first  specimen  but  also  a  twenty-four  hour  amount, 
noting  the  general  appearance,  color,  odor,  etc.,  and  greater 
attention  was  paid  to  stools,  thereby  causing  the  men  to  answer 
questions  of  the  visiting  and  house  staffs  more  intelligently — at 
once  making  them  more  valuable. to  them  on  their  daily  ward 
visits. 

It  was  found  by  this  system  that  they  became  interested  in 
these  subjects  to  a  far  greater  extent  than  if  compelled  to  study 
in  the  usual  routine  way. 

Special  lectures  in  genito-urinary  and  venereal  diseases  were 
given  in  far  greater  detail  than  the  other  subjects,  as  this  class 
of  cases  would  naturally  come  to  them  later  to  care  for. 


12  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

There  was  no  difficulty  in  interesting .  the  various  members 
of  the  visiting  and  house  staffs  to  give  lectures  on  special  sub- 
jects. Everyone  invited  to  lecture  was  asked  to  give  such  lecture 
in  the  simplest  manner  and  words — to  make  it  as  elementary  as 
possible,  which  I  believe  is  a  very  important  point.  Too  often 
does  the  lecture  given  to  student  nurses  go  far  above  their  heads, 
because  the  lecturer  fails  to  remember  that  he  is  talking  to  nurses 
and  not  medical  students,  and  many  points  are  lost  because  they 
do  not  understand  and  do  not  feel  at  liberty  to  ask  questions  or 
are  ashamed  to  for  fear  of  being  misunderstood. 

Beginners  were  instructed  on  the  wards  by  graduate  head 
nurses  in  medical  and  surgical  nursing,  as  bed  making,  charting 
and  recording,  measuring  medicines,  preparation  for  operation, 
post-operative  care,  preparation  of  dressings,  etc.,  and  this 
proved  very  valuable  as  an  introduction  to  their  hospital  ward 
work. 

Practical  talks  and  demonstrations  were  given  on  the  care  in 
handling  patients,  ambulance,  accident  and  operating  floor  work. 
They  were  instructed  in  the  setting  up  of  the  operating  room, 
selection  of  kits  of  instruments,  of  splints,  dressings,  etc. 

Nor  was  dietetics  neglected;  a  course  of  lectures  by  the 
dietitian,  with  practical  work  in  the  kitchen,  was  given,  and  this 
was  followed  later  by  an  advanced  course. 

A  course  on  ethics  by  the  Superintendent  of  Nurses  was  also 
included. 

The  care  and  feeding  of  infants  was  taken  up  because  of 
state  board  requirements,  and  this  included  simple  facts  concern- 
ing obstetrics  and  gynecology. 

Too  often  it  is  said  that  it  is  not  worth  while  to  educate  men 
as  nurses,  as  they  are  deficient  in  preliminary  education  and  be- 
cause they  will  not  study  or  apply  themselves,  but  this  I  have  not 
found  to  be  true;  on  the  other  hand,  they  were  eager  to  avail 
themselves  of  every  opportunity  to  better  themselves. 

So  long  as  we  have  the  previously  mentioned  mixed  class  of 
untrained  men  so  long  shall  we  have  poor  service.  How  can  we 
expect  intelligent  service  of  men  who  are  at  the  beck  and  call  of 
the  female  nurses,  little  better  than  servants,  asked  to  do  Avork 
that  female  nurses  will  not  do.  as  the  care  of  the  toilets,  polish- 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  13 

ing  o£  brasses,  etc.,  called  by  their  first  or  last  names  without 
prefix,  and  ordered  about  at  will. 

No  longer  should  it  be  allowed  to  be  said  ' '  that  men  are  em- 
ployed in  the  care  of  the  sick  chiefly  as  servants  of  women 
nurses. ' ' 

What  is  the  incentive  for  men  to  study  and  train  as  nurses, 
rather  than  continue  as  untrained  orderlies  ? 

It  is:  (a)  the  accomplishment  of  something,  the  result  of 
which  may  be  tangibly  shown  as  the  acquirement  of  a  diploma 
or  certificate — something  that  represents  the  time  they  have  spent 
in  hospital  work. 

(b)  The'  acquisition  of  a  state  board  certificate  which  en- 
ables them  to  register  on  the  sa.me  basis  as  female  nurses,  and 
the  results  showed  that  with  even  this  experimental  training  the 
number  of  successful  ones  was  over  50  per  cent. — the  percentage 
of  the  individual  ones  being  fully  equal  to  that  of  the  average 
female  nurses. 

(c)  Much  better  wages  if  they  remain  in  hospital  service; 
still  better  if  in  private  work. 

Before  systematic  training,  the  only  thing  a  man  could  show 
for  the  time  spent  in  a  hospital  was  a  certificate  that  he  "had 
served  satisfactorily" — now  he  receives  at  the  end  of  a  definite 
time  a  diploma  equal  to  that  of  the  female  nnrses. 

Every  step  taken  in  the  training  which  helped  to  increase 
self-respect  resulted  in  an  increase  in  efficiency.  The  name 
"orderly"  was  changed  to  "male  nurse"  on  the  records  and 
diploma,  and  the  word  "orderly"  on  the  coat  sleeve  was  done 
away  with  and  a  chevron  was  devised  to  show  the  grade  of  the 
wearer,  whether  a  first  or  second  year  class  man  or  graduate. 

Was  this  experimental  training  worth  while  and  did  it  show 
results  ?  Unquestionably  yes.  Not  only  was  the  hospital  relieved 
of  handling  a  large  number  of  more  or  less  irresponsible  men, 
causing  many  complaints  and  many  annoyances,  but  it  was  far- 
ther reaching  in  that  the  men  so  trained  developed  as  better  men 
as  well  as  nurses  and  therefore  were  more  interested  in  giving 
better  service.  Complaints  from  patients  formerly  heard  ceased, 
much  better  work  was  obtained,  in  times  of  shortage  men  worked 
unceasingly  without  complaint.  So  well  did  they  do  that  they 
were  frequently  commended  by  the  Superintendent  of  Nurses. 


M  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

and  we  were  fortunate  in  this  instance  of  having  the  co-operation 
of  one  broad  enough  to  assist  in  this  work.  To  obtain  the  best 
results  male  nurses  should  work  under  male  supervision  as  far 
as  possible. 

Is  there  a  demand  for  trained  men  ?  Yes,  for  by  the  increase 
in  number  and  in  the  development  of  hospitals  there  is  unques- 
tionably a  need  for  trained  men.  not  only  for  the  personal  care 
and  attention  of  patients  in  the  wards,  but  as  supervisors  in 
charge  of  divisions,  as  head  nvirs.es  in  charge  of  male  wards  or 
in  charge  of  accident,  operating  and  instrument  rooms,  etc.,  or 
in  any  capacity  that  has  to  do  with  the  care  of  the  sick  or  injured. 

I  have  recently  installed  one  of  these  graduates  in  charge  of 
the  genito-urinary  department  of  this  hospital,  to  the  great  satis- 
faction of  the  surgeons  and  patients,  as  well  as  of  the  female 
nurses,  who  are  only  too  willing  to  give  up  this  branch  of  nurs- 
ing work. 

In  private  nursing  they  have  not  only  acted  in  the  capacity 
of  nurse,  but  as  companion  to  their  patients,  assisting  them  in 
many  ways  in  connection  with  their  business  and  personal  affairs. 

The  formation  of  a  club  or  registry  by  groups  of  from  six  to 
tAvelve  men  doing  private  nursing  has  been  found  to  1)e  of  dis- 
tinct advantage  to  them,  giving  them  a  home  with  means  for 
recreation  when  off  cases,  and  late  reports  show  that  the  demand 
for  trained  male  nurses  from  these  exceeds  the  supply. 

A  number  of  the  graduates  now  hold  responsible  positions 
with  large  manufacturing  and  mining  companies — in  charge  of 
their  emergency  rooms,  where  their  services  are  proving  invalu- 
able to  the  surgeons  in  charge — relieving  them  of  much  detail 
and  responsibility. 

They  are  also  entering  the  field  of  district  and  welfare  nurs- 
ing, competing  on  eciual  terms  with  the  female  nurses,  and  pres- 
ent indications  point  to  their  also  being  called  to  take  up  public 
health  and  other  government  service  work. 

It  is  pleasing  to  note  that  this  systematic  education  has 
brought  about  a  marked  change  in  the  attitude  of  the  female 
nurses  and  their  nursing  associations  towards  the  men,  and  I 
have  been  informed  recently  that  they  are  now  eligible  to  mem- 
bership in  the  Massachusetts  State  Nurses'  Association,  and  more 
recently  that  a  number  of  the  organizations  belonging  to  the 


•July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  15 

American  Nurses'  Association  had  male  nurses  among  their 
members  and  that  they  were  represented  at  their  last  annual 
meeting  in  San  Francisco,  California. 

In  conclusion,  I  would  add  that  men  have  the  right  to  ask 
for  recognition  and  receive  training  in  nursing  work,  and  that 
such  request  should  be  granted  by  the  various  training  schools, 
on  equal  terms,  or  in  the  way  heretofore  mentioned  if  it  is  not 
practical  to  do  the  former  at  once,  and  I  do  not  think  the  result 
will  be  disappointing. 

The  exchange  of  various  kinds  of  work  between -the  sexes 
makes  it  more  opportune  to  train  men'  now  than  formerly,  and  by 
this  training  we  would  do  away  with  the  present  large  untrained 
class  W'hich  has  brought  male  nursing  into  disrepute. 

One  graduate,  who  is  particularly  well  qualified,  is  now  doing 
most  excellent  service  for  his  fellows  by  giving  talks  before  pub- 
lic welfare  and  improvement  societies  to  invite  confidence  and 
educate  the  public  to  offset  past  odium. 

I  believe  the  male  nurse  has  come  to  stay  and  only  needs  the 
opportunity  and  encouragement  that  are  .iustly  due  him  to  he- 
come  as  efficient  and  useful  as  the  female.  We  owe  him  the 
chance — ^he  must,  and  I  think  will,  do  the  rest. 

29th  Street  and  Elis  Avenue. 


16  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

Selected  Articles 


CASES   TREATED   BY   RADIUM   IN  THE   ROYAL 
INFIRMARY,  EDINBURGH 


BY  DAWSON  TURNER,  M.D.,  F.R.C.P.  EDIN.,  M.R.C.P.  LOND.,  F.R.S.E. 
In  charge  of  Radium  Treatment  at  .the  Royal  Infirmary,  Edinburgh. 


Forty-one  patients  have  attended  for  radium  treatment  during 
the  past  year.  Twelve  of  these  suflEered  from  malignant  disease, 
eleven  from  rodent  ulcers,  eleven  from  nevi,  one  from  leucoplakia, 
one  from  lymphadenoma,  one  from  spring  catarrh,  one  from 
tuberculous  glands,  one  from  a  tuberculous  ulcer  of  the  dorsum 
of  the  hand,  one  from  a  papilloma,  and  one  from  hypertrichosis 

Many  of  these  patients  received  prolonged  treatment  or 
attended  a  considerahle  number  of  times;  thus,  in  some  of  the 
malignant  cases,  whenever  indeed  it  was  possible,  a  tube  of  ra- 
dium was  inserted  into  the  growth  and  maintained  there  for 
periods  up  to  twelve  days,  while  at  the  same  time  external  treat- 
ment was  employe.d  so  as  to  subject  the  growth  to  a  cross  fire  of 
rays. 

The  treatment  of  port  wine  stains  must  also  be  very  pro- 
longed ;  as  a  cosmetic  effect  is  desired,  very  small  doses  have  to 
be  given,  and  the  result  carefully  observed,  lest  an  atrophic  con- 
dition of  the  skin  be  produced. 

Radium  treatment,  as  a  rule,  is  conducted  in  the  following 
manner:  A  dose  large  enough  in  the  experience  of  the  expert  to 
produce  the  desired  effect  is  administered,  and  the  patient  is  sent 
away  and  told  to  report  himself  in  two  or  three  weeks,  for  the  full 
effect  of  any  dose  is  not  manifested  for  three  or  more  weeks. 
Another  dose,  if  necessary,  is  then  given,  and  the  patient  again 
sent  away  for  a  fortnight.  I  have  not  time  here  to  refer  to  the 
question  of  dosage  or  of  screens. 

NEVUS. 

The  cases  which  have  been  most  benefited  during  the  year 
have  been  those  of  nevus  and  rodent  ulcer.     Of  eleven  nevi — 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  17 

of  which  two  were  port  wine  stains — seven  were  cured,  three  are 
under  treatment,  and  one  (port  wine  stain)  did  not  return. 

RODENT  ULCER, 

Rodent  ulcers,  if  not  affecting  mucous  membranes,  cartilage, 
or  bone,  are  also  extraordinarily  amena'ble  to  radium.  The  rea- 
sons why  radium  is  so  superior  to  carbonic  snow  or  zinc  ionization 
or  excision  are,  first,  because  the  rays  penetrate  deeply — in  fact, 
right  through  the  body  (the  gamma  rays  will  penetrate  10  in.  of 
lead),  so  that  the  very  roots  of  the  rodent  are  attacked;  secondly, 
because  the  treatment  is  absolutely  painless ;  and  thirdly,  because 
the  cosmetic  result  leaves  nothing  to  be  desired.  Of  eleven  rodent 
ulcers  six  were  cured,  one  is  under  treatment,  three  did  not  re- 
turn, and  one  was  unsuitable  for  radium  treatment.  Of  the  cases 
that  were  cured,  one  affected  the  upper  lip,  and  was  on  the  point 
of  penetrating'  it.  Three  were  in  the  furrow  between  the  nose 
and  cheek ;  they  had  received  unavailingly  prolonged  treatment 
■with  x-rays.  One,  a  case  of  Professor  Caird's,  was  on  the  ala 
nasi;  it  measured  f  in.  by  ^  in.,  and  was  on. the  point  of  pene- 
trating ;  one  dose  of  65  milligram-hours  sufficed  to  cause  complete 
healing  with  a  beautiful  cosmetic  result  and  no  contraction.  The 
disease  has,  however,  recurred  in  this  case  a  little  distance  off  on 
the  tip  of  the  nose.  An  application  of  radium  has  accordingly 
been  made  to  it,  and  I  have  no  doubt  of  a  successful  issue.  The 
sixth  was  above  the  right  eye.  In  another  case  of  Mr.  Caird's — 
a  male  aged  61 — the  disease  began  many  years  ago  as  a  pimple 
on  the  right  side  of  the  nose ;  eight  years  ago  this  was  removed ; 
on  its  return  it  affected  the  internal  canthus,  and  Mr.  Caird 
operated  twice,  in  1909  and  1912 ;  on  the  latter  occasion,  recog- 
nizing that  he  had  not  removed  all  the  growth,  he  recommended 
him  to  me  for  radium  treatment.  I  placed  two  tubes  of  radium 
into  the  cavity,  which  was  nearly  2'  in.  deep,  and  kept  them  there 
for  thirty  hours ;  no  screen  but  a  -thin  tube  of  aluminium  was 
employed.  This  was  on  May  4th,  1912.  In  July  the  cavity  had 
almost  filled  up,  but  for  precaution's  sake  I  gave  a  dose  of  47 
mg.  of  radium  for  thirty  minutes.  In  December,  1912,  he  called, 
quite  cured. 

Two  of  the  cases  of  rodent  ulcer  were  treated  by  the  insuffla- 
tion of  the  radio-thorium  emanation.     One  of  these  was  a  male, 


18  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

aged  49,  recommended  by  Professor  Caird ;  six  years  previously 
enucleation  of  the  left  eye  had  been  performed  by  Dr.  G.  Mac- 
kay.  The  disease  had  recurred,  and  now  formed  a  sloughy  ulcer, 
about  the  size  of  half  a  crown,  below  the  left  orbital  cavity,  lead- 
ing to  extensive  excavations  beneath  the  cheek.  As  the  disease 
wag  too  extensive  and  too  difficult  of  access  for  the  limited  amount 
of  radium  at  my  disposal,  the  idea  occurred  to  me  to  treat  it  by 
blowing  into  it  the  radio-thorium  emanation,  which  would  be 
carried  into  the  remotest  corners  of  the  excavations,  and  would 
coat  the  walls  with  a  highly  radio-active  deposit.  I  did  this  some 
twenty  times  in  the  course  of  a  few  hours,  and  the  immediate 
effect  seemed  to  be  to  diminish  the  fetor;  unfortunately  the  pa- 
tient did  not  return  for  further  treatment.  The  second  case 
treated  by  the  radio-thorium  emanation  was  a  male,  aged  60, 
recommended  by  Mr.  Wallace.  The  duration  of  the  disease  was 
fifteen  years;  he  had  been  treated  by  x-rays,  and  Mr.  Wallace 
had  performed  enucleation  of  the  left  eye  three  years  ago.  A 
later  operation  had  also  been  performed  by  Mr.  Wallace.  At  the 
time  the  radium  treatment  was  begun  there  was  an  ulcer  with 
everted  edges  occupying  the  left  superior  border  of  the  nose,  and 
extending  deeply  into  the  orbital  cavity.  As  he  was  an  in-patient 
I  instructed  the  nurse  to  insufflate  the  cavity  with  the  emanation 
every  half-hour  during  the  day  for  one  minute  at  a  time.  This 
was  done  for  ten  days,  when  it  was  thought  advisable  to  supple- 
ment the  emanation  by  the  application  of  solid  radium.  After 
four  days  of  the  combined  treatment  he  was  sent  home.  He  had 
had  176  insufflations  of  the  emanation  and  235  milligram-hours 
application  of  solid  radium.  A  fortnight  later  he  returned  very 
much  improved;  the  nasal  ulcer  was  practically  healed.  When 
another  fortnight  had  elapsed  he  was  readmitted  and  treated 
again  by  the  combined  method  for  three  days.  On  his  reporting 
himself  a  month  latej  (January  8th,  1913)  there  was  further 
improvement.  The  total  dose  was  208  insufflations  of  the  radio- 
thorium  emanation  and  675  milligram-hours  of  solid  radium.  He 
has  not  reported  himself  since. 

MALIGNANT  DISEASE. 

Twelve  cases  of  malignant  disease  attended  the  department 
during  the  year.     With  one  exception  they  were  all  inoperable 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  19 

cases ;  -with  two  exceptions  they  were  either  recurrences  or  secon- 
dary deposits.  Of  these  twelve  cases  one  was  healed  with  a  sound 
scar,  as  well  as  a  recurrence  in  the  neighbourhood;  three  were 
improved ;  one  exhibited  temporary  improvement ;  one,  a  carci- 
noma of  the  pharynx,  was  unrelieved  and  died ;  of  the  remaining 
six,  two  are  still  under  treatment,  one  did  not  return  for  treat- 
ment, one  refused  treatment,  in  one  a  prophylactic  dose  of 
radium  was  given  after  an  operation  for  removal  of  a  sarcomatous 
growth  in  the  groin,  and  in  one  the  growth  was  so  extensive  as 
to  render  a  resort  to  treatment  with  a  limited  amount  of  radium 
hopeless. 

With  the  exception  of  the  sarcoma  referred  to  above  all  the 
cases  were  of  a  carcinomatous  nature ;  and  in  live  of  them,  the 
upper  or  lower  jaw  was  the  seat  of  the  disease.  Brief  details  of 
the  cases  are  as  follows  : 

1.  A  female,  aged  49,  with  a  recurrent  epithelioma  of  the 
right  ala  nasi,  recommended  by  Mr.  Wallace.  The  patient  had 
long  suffered  from  an  ulcer  on  the  ala  nasi ;  prolonged  treatment 
with  x-rays  and  weak  radium  preparations,  followed  by  excision. 
Condition  on  admission  on  June  25th,  191'2 :  There  is  an  ulcer- 
ating crack  on  the  external  surface  of  the  right  ala  nasi.  A 
single  dose  of  95  mg.-hours  of  radium  bromide  screened  by  glass 
and  aluminium  was  administered.  On  July  9th  there  was  a  good 
reaction ;  the  scab  did  not  come  away  until  the  middle  of  Sep- 
tember, when  the  ulcer  was  found  to  be  completely  healed  over. 
On  January  28th,  1913,  the  scar  was  still  in  a  perfectly  sound 
condition,  but  a  small  ulcer  'had  appeared  just  within  the 
nostril  on  the  septum  nasi.  This  was  given  a  dose  of  40  mg.- 
hours  of  radium  bromide,  screened  as  before  by  glass  and  thin 
aluminium,  with  a  completely  successful  result. 

2.  A  female,  aged  70,  recommended  by  Dr.  Sym.  Epithelioma 
of  one  year's  duration  affecting  the. upper  lid  and  canthi  of  the 
left  eye.  Had  twenty-four  full  doses  of  x-rays.  Condition  on 
admission :  There  is  an  irregular  ulcer  eating  away  the  lower 
margin  of  the  upper  lid  and  involving  the  canthi ;  the  body  of 
the  lid  is  hard  and  swollen.  Treatment  commenced  on  January 
20th,  1912,  and  continued  at  intervals  to  May,  1912.  Cireat 
improvement  followed.  The  ulcer  healed  and  the  swelling  dis- 
appeared.    On  May  22nd,  1912,  Dr.   Sym  examined  her,  and 


20  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

wrote:  "There  is  very  great  improvement,. very  great  indeed,  but 
whether  the  cancer  is  all  gone  or  not  I  can't  be  sure."  On  June 
20th  the  patient  returned  with  a  hard  lump  external  to  the  exter- 
nal canthus ;  this  was  given  one  good  dose  of  radium  and  the 
patient  sent  home.  On  October  29th,  1912,  she  returned  much 
worse,  with  the  bone  affected.  Mr.  Hodsdon  excised  the  growth 
by  an  operation  which  opened  into  the  frontal  sinus.  A  prophy- 
lactic dose  of  210  mg.-hours  of  radium  was  then  administered. 

3.  A  male,  aged  44-,  recommeiided  by  Professor  Caird.  A 
rapidly-growing  recurrent  epithelioma  of  the  right  upper  jaw, 
operated  on  twice  within  five  months  by  Professor  Caird.  There 
is  a  large  ulcer  extending  backwards  on  the  mucous  membrane 
of  the  buccal  cavity  on  the  right  side ;  the  skin  outside  is  red  and 
angry  looking.  On  November  7th,  1911,  external  and  internal 
applications  of  radium  were  commenced;  the  external  applica- 
tions were  shielded  by  a  sheet  of  silver  half  a  millimetre  in  thick- 
ness, the  internal  by  a  thin  sheet  of  aluminium.  On  December 
4th,  1911,  he  was  sent  home  after  a  total  dose  of  1,011  mg.-hours. 
The  disease  had  ceased  to  extend  and  considerable  improvement 
was  manifest.  On  January  9th,  1912,  he  returned  in  a  worse 
condition ;  there  was  a  large  external  swelling,  and  Professor 
Caird  thought  that  further  treatment  would  'be  useless. 

4.  A  female,  aged  42,  recommended  by  Mr.  Hodsdon.  An 
epithelioma  following  lupus;  duration  thirty  years.  The  disease 
has  been  treated  by  both  medical  and  surgical  means;  it  has  had 
courses  of  x-rays  extending  over  years;  it  has  been  scraped,  cau- 
terized, and  partially  excised.  Present  condition :  Below  the  left 
nostril  there  is  an  irregular  ulcer  eating  into  the  lip ;  it  is  2  in. 
broad  by  1  in.  long,  and  it  has  raised  margins,  except  where  it  is 
spreading  on  to  the  mucous  membrane  of  the  lip ;  there  is  a  per- 
foration below  the  left  nostril.  Treatment  was  begun  on  Novem- 
ber 28th,  1912;  25  mg.  of  radium  bromide  (International  stand- 
ard), screened  only  by  glass  and  aluminium,  were  applied  to  suc- 
cessive areas  of  the  ulcer  for  a  few  hours  daily  during  a  week ;  the 
dose  amounted  to  1,620  mg.-hours.  This  was  followed  in  three 
weeks'  time  by  a  strong  reaction,  and  afterwards  considerable 
improvement  was  manifest,  healing  was  going  on  above,  granu- 
lation tissue  was  present,  and  malignant  characters  were  absent. 
The  patient  is  to  return  for  more  treatment. 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  21 

5. -A  male,  aged  72,  recommended  by  Dr.  Elder.  Malignant 
disease  of  the  fauces  and  pharynx.  Duration  more  than  a  year ; 
difficulty  in  swallowing  and  speaking.  An  irregular  swelling 
can  be  observed,  involving  the  soft  palate  and  uvula  and  causing 
great  deformity.  Left  cervical  glands  enlarged.  Both  Pro- 
fessors Alexis  Thomson  and  Caird  considered  the  case  quite  in- 
operable. With  the  hope  of  relieving  his  symptoms,  radium  treat- 
.ment  was  commenced.  On  September  19th,  1912,  a  capsule,  con- 
taining 40  mg.  of  radium  bromide,  was  attached  to  an  aluminium 
rod  and  held  by  the  patient  against  the  affected  part  for  one  hour 
two  or  three  times  a  week ;  only  an  aluminium  screen  was  used. 
By  November  28th,  1912,  the  patient  had  received  a  dose  of  388 
mg.  hours.  The  applications  appeared  to  relieve  his  pressing 
symptoms,  but  he  gradually  sank  and  died  on  December  14th, 
1912. 

6.  A  male,  aged  35,  recommended  by  Professor  Alexis  Thom- 
son. Diagnosis:  Round-celled  sarcoma  situated  in  the  groin. 
Duration  twelve  months;  was  admitted  to  the  Royal  Infirmary 
on  January  11th,  1913,  complaining  of  a  lump  the  size  of  one  and 
a  half  fists  in  the  groin  and  of  increasing  weakness ;  the  left  leg 
was  edematous.  On  January  17th,  1913,  Professor  Thomson  re- 
moved the  growth,  which  proved'  to  be  a  round-celled  sarcoma. 
On  January  30th,  1913,  a  tube  of  glass  in  an  aluminium  cover, 
containing  10  mg.  (International  standard)  of  radium  bromide, 
was  inserted  into  the  wound  and  kept  there  for  twenty-four 
hours.    This  was  intended  to  act  as  a  prophylactic  measure. 

'  7.  A  female,  aged  54,  recommended  by  Mr.  Miles.  History : 
In  September,  1911,  the  patient  had  been  admitted  to  Chalmers 
Hospital,  complaining  of  a  hard,  painful  lump  in  the  left  axilla. 
Mr.  Stiles  removed  the  mass  and  the  breast ;  both  were  found  to 
be  the  seat  of  a  medullar}^  carcinoma.  Readmitted  May  28th, 
1912,  with  a  rapidly  growing  recurrence  in  the  scar;  this  .was 
excised  on  May  31st,  1912.  Returned  at  the  beginning  of  1913 
with  a  secondary  growth  affecting  the  sternum.  The  patient 
recommended  to  the  Royal  Infirmary;  was  admitted  by  Mr.  Miles. 
Projecting  from  the  sternum  was  a  hemispherical  growth,  in  area 
about  the  size  of  a  teacup  saucer  and  raised  nearly  an  inch  above 
the  general  surface.  The  skin  over  it  was  reddened.  The  patient 
complained  of  spasms  of  severe  lancinating  pain.     Treatment : 


22  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

Two  tubes  of  radium,  each  containing  5  rag.  (International  stan- 
dard), were  introduced  by  Mr.  Miles  into  the  growth,  screened 
only  by  glass  and  aluminium,  and  were  kept  in  for  seven  and  for 
twelve  days  respectively,  being  moved  occasionally  so  as  to  ex- 
pose a  fresh  area  to  the  radiation.  At  the  same  time  applications 
of  25  mg.  (International  standard)  screened  by  silver  were  made 
externally.  The  total  internal  dose  was  2,400  mg.-houi^;  the 
total  external  dose  was  800  mg.-hours.  Lender  this  treatment  the 
tumor  rapidly  flattened  down,  and  in  six  weeks'  time  had  dis- 
appeared. Some  pus  was  discharged  from  the  incisions,  and  a 
good  deal  of  reaction  was  manifest  on  the  skin.  The  lancinating 
pain  disappeared  shorth'  after  the  applications.  The  patient 
expressed  herself  as  very  grateful.  She  is  still  under  observation. 
Of  the  remaining  5  eases  1  did  not  return  for  treatment,  2  are 
still  under  treatment,  1  refused  treatment,  and  in  1  treatment 
was  refused  on  account  of  the  extensive  nature  of  the  growth. 

LEUCOPLAKIA. 

A  male,  aged  52,  recommended  by  Professor  Alexis  Thomson, 
has  attended  since  October.  1911,  for  radium  treatment.  He 
has  a  specific  history.  Th-e  duration  of  the  disease  was  one  year. 
On  the  surface  and  side  of  the  left  half  of  the  tongue  there  were 
several  whitish,  hard  patches  somewhat  raised  above  the  surface. 
Ten  mg.  of  radium  bromide  (International  standard)  were  en- 
closed in  an  aluminium  box  and  applied  for  an  hour  at  a  time 
twice  a  week  to  the  patches.  The  effect  of  the  treatment  is  to 
improve  and  check  the  development  of  the  disease,  because  if  it 
be  intermitted,  as  in  the  holidays,  the  condition  rapidly  becomes 
worse.  The  patient  refuses  operation  and  he  has  had  prolonged 
courses  of  internal  treatment,  also  an  injection  of  salvarsan. 
Stronger  and  more  prolonged  doses  of  radium  would,  I  think, 
produce  more  decided  benefit. 

LYMPHADENOMA. 

A  male,  aged  18,  was  recommended  by  Dr.  Byrom  Bramwell 
for  radium  treatment  in  November,  1911.  There  were  growths 
round  the  neck  and  in  the  groin  and  axilla.  The  circumference 
of  the  neck  measured  17^  in.  The  neck  was  treated  by  external 
applications  screened  by  silver.     Xo  improvement  resulted,  and 


July,  19i6  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  23 

after  a  total  dose  of  1,933  mg.-hours  given  in  one  week  treatment 
was  suspended. 

SPRING  CATARRH. 

A  male,  aged  9,  recommended  by  Dr.  George  Maekay,  was  an 
old  ease,  whose  right  eye  had  already  been  cured  by  radium  treat- 
ment, but  whose  left  eye  had  not  had  sufficient  treatment.  He 
was  given  a  dose  of  5  mg.-hours  by  the  application  of  a  10-mg. 
capsule  to  the  eyelid  for  half  an  horr.  This  patient  had  first 
attended  in  March,  1910.  Both  upper  lids  were  covered  on  their 
internal  surface  mth  the  typical  granulations  and  pavement-like 
blocks.  The  lids  were  much  swollen.  The  right  lid  only  was  first 
treated,  and  in  three  months  was  practically  well  after  a  dose  of 
32.5  mg.-hours.    Treatment  of  the  left  eye  was  then  begun. 

TUBERCLE. 

Tuberculous  Glands. — 'Only  one  patient,  recommended  by  Dr. 
J.  Burnet,  suffering  from  enlarged  cervical  glands,  attended  the 
department,  and  he  did  not  return. 

Tuberculous  Ulcer. — A  boy,  aged  3^  years,  recommended  by 
Dr.  Railston  Richardson,  attended  for  radium  treatment  of  tuber- 
culous ulcer  on  the  dorsum  of  the  right  hand.  It  had  existed  for 
two  years  and  had  been  treated  with  iodine,  caustics,  etc.  There 
were  two  patches  close  together,  measuring  nearly  half  an  inch  in 
diameter,  dark  red,  and  slightly  elevated.  Treatment  was  begun 
on,  December  3rd,  1912,  and  continued  for  a  fortnight,  by  which 
time  the  dose  amounted  to  20  mg.-hours.  Only  a  screen  of 
aluminium  was  employed.  In  a  month  the  patches  were  covered 
by  a  good  scab,  which  fell  off  at  the  end  of  January.  The  patches 
had  almost  disappeared,  but  to  aid  in  the  cure  a  further  dose  of 
13  mg.-hours  has  been  administered.  The  patient  is  still  under 
observation. 

PAPILLOMA. 

A  female,  aged  5*1,  recommended  by  Dr.  Davidson  of  Kelso, 
was  admitted  on  October  8th,  1912,  with  a  papilloma  on  the  left 
side  of  the  nose.  It  was  half  an  inch  wide  and  raised  a  quarter 
of  an  inch  above  the  surface,  and  it  was  composed  principally  of 
hornv  material.     The  duration  had  been  about  five  vears.  but 


24  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  July,  1916 

latterly  it  had  been  growing  more  rapidly.  The  patient  had  had 
a  previous  growth  removed  some  years  ago  from  a  position  a 
little  higher  up.  A  dose  of  35  mg.-hours,  screened  by  aluminium, 
was  administered  by  a  single  application.  In  a  fortnight  the , 
growth  fell  off;  in  seven  weeks  there  was  perfect  healing,  the 
site  of  the  growth  being  covered  by  a  beautiful  supple  skin. 

HYPERTRICHOSIS. 

A  female,  aged  25,  recommended  by  Dr.  Fleming,  attended 
for  a  week  during  September,  1912,  for  the  radium  treatment 
of  this  condition.  The  patient  had  a  thick,  hairy  growth  round 
the  lower  border  of  the  chin.  After  the  patient  had  been  made 
aware  of  the  difficulties  of  the  method  of  treatment,  applications 
screened  by  aluminium  of  5  mg.-hours  Avere  made  over  successive 
areas.  These  proved  to  be  insufficient  to  produce  epilation.  The 
patient  proposes  to  return  later  on. — British  Medical  Journal. 


NEW  LADY  SUPERINTENDENT  AT  GUELPH 
GENERAL  HOSPITAL 


Miss  Annie  Forgie  has  been  offered  and  has  accepted  the  posi- 
tion of  Lady  Superintendent  of  the  Guelph  General  Hospital. 
Miss  Forgie  comes  originally  from  Claremont,  in  Ontario  County. 
She  is  a  graduate  of  'the  Rochester  General  Hospital,  and  has  had 
a  wide  experience  in  other  large  hospitals.  Her  last  appointment 
Avas  as  Superintendent  and  Business  Manager  of  the  Gait  Hos- 
pital, at  Lethbridge.  Miss  Reekie,  the  retiring  Superintendent 
at  Guelph,  leaves  for  Regina,  where  she  will  become  Superin- 
tendent of  the  General  Hospital  in  that  city. 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  25 

Society  Proceedings 


THE  ONTARIO  MEDICAL   HEALTH  OFFICERS' 
ASSOCIATION  MEETING 


Medical  Health  Officers  to  the  number  of  nearly  two  hundred 
and  fifty  from  various  parts  of  the  Province  attended  the  Fifth 
Annual  Conference  of  the  Ontario  Health  Officers'  Association, 
which  convened  on  May  29th  in  C'onvocation  Hall.  Dr.  A.  J. 
Macauley  of  Peterborough,  the  acting  President,  presided  in  the 
absence  of  Capt.  A.  W.  McPherson  of  Peterborough,  the  Presi- 
dent, who  is  in  Flanders.  By  a  unanimous  vote  Dr.  McPherson 
was  re-elected. President.  A  number  of  members  were  in  khaki. 
"Modern  Methods  of  Diagnosis  and  Treatment  of  Diph- 
theria" was  the  title  of  an  extremely  educational  paper  delivered 
by  Dr.  W.  H.  Park,  Director  of  Laborator.y,  Public  Health  De- 
partment, New  York  City.  Dr.  Park  stated  that  his  Department 
was  specializing  in  the  matter  of  reducing  th'3  amount  of  diph- 
theria among  children.  In  this  connection  Dr.  Park  pointed  out 
that  in  order  to  carry  out  the  practical  work  the  Department  had 
divided  certain  sections  of  the  city  into  Medical  Districts  and 
grouped  the  children  for  the  purpose  of  making  tests  and,  at 
the  same  time,  obtaining  more  thorough  information  as  to  the 
causes  for  the  spreading  of  the  disease. 

.  Dr.  Park  said  that  the  scheme  had  been  productive  of  won- 
derful results,  and  he  urged  the  establishment  of  similar  work 
in  all  large  cities.  In  dealing  with  the  question  of  antitoxine, 
Dr.  Park  said : 

"It  seems  strange  that,  after  twenty-one  years  of  experiment- 
ing, the  jMedical  Fraternity  are  still  undecided  as  to  the  amount 
to  give  and  the  way  to  give  it.  From  practical  experience  I  fee' 
satisfied  that  the  full  amount  of  antitoxine  required  should  be 
given  in  the  first  injection.  I  think  a  lot  of  harm  is  done  if  ths 
full  amount  is  not  given  in  the  first  injection.'' 

With  the  assistance  of  several  charts  Dr.  Park  described  its 
uses  in  various  stages  and  the  results  obtained,  both  in  the  cases 
of  childreii  and  adults  at  ages  ranging  from  two  to  twenty -one 


26  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

years,  and  upon  animals.    He  stated  that  fully  seventy  per  cent, 
of  horses  were  diphtheria  carriers. 

At  the  Morning  Session  there  was  a  spirited  debate  follow- 
ing a  paper,  "Should  the  Bread-Winner  Be  Quarantined?" 
which  was  given  by  Dr.  Y.  A.  Hart  of  Vespra.  It  was  pointed 
out  that  under  the  law  the  whole  matter  of  quarantining  an  indi- 
vidual rests  with  the  discretion  of  the  Medical  Health  Officer, 
except  in  the  case  of  smallpox.  The  general  opinion  was  that  the 
Officers  do  not  make  exemptions  in  cases  where  the  bread-winner 
does  not  exercise  particular  care  in  his  home. 

In  a  discourse  on  "Suggestions  for  Improvement  of  Asso- 
ciation Meetings,"  Dr.  F.  A.  Dales  of  Stouffville  suggested  that 
the  Association  should  carefully  consider  whether  or  not  the 
public  should  pay  the  wages  of  the  bread-mnner  while  under 
quarantine.  In  this  connection  he  pointed  out  that  the  isolation 
of  the  individual  prevented  the  spreading  of  the  disease.  Con- 
sequently the  public  is  safeguarded  and,  therefore,  should  make 
some  remuneration  to  the  man  who  has  to  remain  idle. 

Dr.  Dales  also  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  Association 
should  be  divided  into  two  sections,  one  for  cities  and  towns,  and 
the  other  for  smaller  towns  and  villages  and  rural  municipali- 
ties. He  believed  that  if  this  was  done  and  the  Provincial  Health 
Department  placed  one  or  two  expert  officials  at  the  head  of  each 
county  it  would  do  much  to  minimize  the  spread  of  disease,  and 
that  in  a  few  years  hence  a  cleaner  and  more  healthy  nation 
would  arise. 

Dr.  G.  R.  Cruickshank  of  Windsor,  who  has  been  specializing 
in  the  matter  of  reducing  the  large  volume  of  tonsilitis  and  ade- 
noids diseases  which  prevail  throughout  the  Province,  especially 
among  school  children,  stated  that  he  had  obtained  some  very 
good  results  from  tests  made  in  the  schools.  He  believed  that  if 
the  tonsils  were  in  a  healthy  condition  in  a  child  at  the  age  of 
ten  they  should  be  removed.  He  had  no  doubt  but  that  they 
were  responsible  for  a  great  many  diseases  which  develop.  He 
had  traced  diseases  which  undoubtedly  had  their  origin  from 
that  source. 

As  a  means  of  reducing  the  amount  of  tonsilitis  Dr.  Cruick- 
shank offered  the  following  suggestions:  The  abolishing  of  the 
use  of  babv's  comforts,  which  convey  a  lot  of  unnecessary  dirt 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  27 

into  the  mouth ;  the  proper  ventilation  of  sleeping  apartments 
and  schoolrooms  and  the  proper  care  of  the  teeth. 

The  following  papers,  all  of  which  were  of  a  most  instructive 
character,  were  given:  "The  Quarantine  Period  for  Measles," 
Dr.  M.  B.  Whyte,  Isolation  Hospital,  Toronto;  "Measles."  Dr. 
A.  D.  Smith,  Mitchell;  "Some  Observations  of  Tj^Dhoid  Fever  in 
Toronto,"  Dr.  Fred  Adams,  Epidermiologist,  Department  of 
"  Health,  Toronto ;  ' '  Epidemic  Cerebro-Spiual  Meningitis, " '  Dr. 
J.  G.  Fitzgerald,  University  of  Toroiito;  "Deductions  of  a  New 
Ontario  Medical  Officer  of  Health,"  Dr.  Edgar  Brandon,  North 
Bay. 

In  the  evening  two  interesting  papers  dealing  with  the  hos- 
pital accommodation  and  the  system  of  sanitary  arrangements 
at  the  Front,  illustrated  with  limelight  views,  were  given  by 
Major  W.  D.  Sharpe,  R.A.M.C,  Brampton,  and  Capt.  Ruggles 
George,  Toronto,  both  of  whom  recently  returned  from  the  scene 
of  hostilities. 

In  dealing  with  "Sanitation  in  Serbia,"  Major  Sharpe  said 
the  Americans  claimed  to  have  improved  conditions  in  this  re- 
spect in  Serbia.  Wliile  this  was  true  to  a  certain  extent,  the 
British  had  had  more  to  do  with  the  introduction  of  modern 
sanitary  conveniences  in  the  Par  East  than  any  other  nation. 

"The  Serbs  have  many  peculiar  ideas  of  sanitary  conven- 
iences," asserted  the  Major.  "They  have  been  downtrodden  by 
Eastern  civilization,  but  in  recent  years  the  better  classes  in 
Serbia,  especially  in  Belgrade,  have  risen  in  their  might  and 
adopted  the  most  modern  sanitary  and  ventilating  conven- 
iences. ' ' 

Capt.  Ruggles  George  showed  a  number  of  attractive  war 
scenes,  embracing  the  Canadians  mobilizing  at  Valcartier  and 
in  training  at  Salisbury  Plains.  He  also  showed  some  interest- 
ing pictures  of  the  hospital  arrangements  at  the  Front. 


28  THE  HOSPITAL  AVORLD  July,  1916 

War  Hospitals 

DR.  WILFRED  T.  GRENFELL'S  EXPERIENCES  IN 

THE  TRENCHES 


Dr.  Wilfred  T.  Grenfell  honored  Toronto  with  a  visit  on  AEay 
19th  last  and  addressed  a  very  large  audience  in  the  Convocation 
Hall  of  the  University'  of  Toronto. on  the  evening  of  that  day. 
Dr.  Grenfell  was  ever  a  man  of  war.  and  the  conflict  in  France 
and  Flanders,  from  which  he  has  just  returned,  he  has  found  to 
be  only  relativel.y  different  from  that  which  he  is  about  to  resume 
in  Labrador.  The  Doctor  spoke  in  behalf  of  the  Red  Cross 
Society,  and  told  of  what  he  saw  of  the  everyday  life  on  the 
battlefront,  and  during  his  hour's  talk  one  could  have  heaj'd  a 
pin  drop  on  the  floor,  so  great  was  the  silence. 

''War  and  peace  are  not  so  dissimilar  as  one  might  suppose," 
said  the  Doctor  in  opening  his  story.  "Doing  one's  bit  at  the 
front  is  very  much  the  same  as  doing  one's  bit  at  home  in  ordin- 
ary life.  It  takes  just  as  much  courage  to  face  everyday  prob- 
lems cheerfully  as  it  does  to  face  a  foe  in  war.  I  have  seen  men 
under  pitiable  conditions  in  the  trenches  who  were  more  cheerful 
than  men  in  luxuriou^iomes.  I  have  looked  in  the  faces  of  a 
good  many  dying  men  in  these  last  months,  to  whom  I  could 
offer  no  other  help  than  to  take  their  hand  and  say,  "Thank  God 
you  did  your  bit  when  you  had  your  chance." 

Speaking  of  the  attitude  of  the  troops  to  religion.  Dr.  Gren- 
fell said  he  could  not  be  sure  that  they  were  all  nominal  Chris- 
tians, but  there  was  an  atmosphere  of  unselfishness  pervading 
the  life  at  the  front.  "Men  were  so  unselfish  that  they  regarded 
it  as  a  privilege  to  be  permitted  to  crawl  over  a  parapet  to  fetch 
in  a  wounded  comrade.  It  is  an  atmosphere  in  w^hich  Christ 
himself  might  walk.  Though  we  are  losing  men  at  the  war,  for 
every  man  that  falls  two  new  men  are  made.  However  many 
men  Canada  may  lose,  ten  thousand  times  as  many  would  have 
been  lost  if  Canadians  at  such  a  time  as  this  should  have  stood 
aside  and  said,  'We  are  neutral  on  this  question.'  I  feel  a  great 
reverence  in  the  face  of  a  Canadian  audience  when  I  think  of 
'  ivhat  I  saw  at  Ypres.  ■ 


Jiily,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  29 

"I  have  met  people  in  the  United  States  who  are  so  undecided 
upon  the  war  that  one  would  almost  think  that  Belgium  made 
war  upon  Germany  to  extend  her  territory !  Belgium  went  to 
war  as  Christ  went  to  Calvary :  because  she  believed  it  was  right 
to  do  so.  I  do  not  know  how  any  man,  when  it  comes  to  piracy 
and  sins  of  that  kind,  can  at  the  end  of  his  life  stand  before  the 
Almighty  and  say :  '''I  have  fought  a  good  fight  and  I  have  kept 
the  faith,  and  henceforth  there  is  laid  up  for  me  a  crown  of 
rigliteousness. ' 

"I  am  not  going  to  tell  you  a  lot  of  horrible  stories  about 
German  atrocities,  but  I  can  tell  you  one  which  I  believe  to  be 
true."  The  Doctor  then  told  of  the  shooting  of  a  Belgian  boy  of 
twelve  years  who  had  shouted  ' '  Vive  la  France ! "  as  the  German 
soldiers  passed  by,  mistaking  them  for  French  soldiers. 


LETTER  FROM  DR.  HARLEY  SMITH 


May  13,  1916. 

Dear  Dr.  Young. — Thauk  you  cordially  for  your  kind  and 
interesting  letter  of  14th  ult.  Our  hearts  are  still  in  the  dear 
home  town.  There  is  not  a  man  of  our  unit  who  has  not  been 
longing  to  see  his  precious  loved  ones.  We  trust  the  time  will 
not  be  long  before  we  shall  be  again  united  with  the  valued 
friends  of  many  years. 

We  have  at  Orpington  an  institution  that  reflects  great  credit 
upon  the  Province  of  Ontario.  One  could  not  find  a  better 
equipped  hospital  anywhere.  The  wards  are  arranged  on  the 
slope  of  one  of  the  low  Kent  hills  in  such  a  way  as  to  allow  them 
to  be  flooded  with  sun  and  light.  The  green  and  dark  brown 
coloring  of  the  walls  produces  a  soothing  effect  to  the  eye.  The 
two  thousand  windows  enable  the  patients  to  be  constantly  in 
the  open.  The  operating  theatre  would  cheer  the  heart  of  even 
the  most  fastidious  Toronto  surgeon.  Equipped  with  sterilizing, 
anesthetic  and  instrument  rooms;  capacious  enough  for  four 
tables;  furnished  with  perfect  natural  and  artificial  lighting,  it 
leaves  nothing  to  be  desired.  The  kitchen  is  commodious  enough 
for  a  brigade.  The  bread  is  baked  in  tiers  of  forty-four  ovens, 
heated  by  steam.     We  find  here  a  butcher's  shop,  grocery  and 


:j(i  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

provision  stores  and  the  electric  light  plant.  In  our  mess  reading 
room  there  is  the  nucleus  of  a  very  good  medical  library.  The 
members  of  the  staff,  having  the  best  of  provision  made  for  their 
comfort,  are  anxious  to  do  a  high  grade  of  work  for  the  brave 
British  soldiers — without  distinction  of  color,  creed  or  birthplace 
— who  are  entrusted  to  their  care ;  and  thus,  not  onlj'  to  have  the 
consciousness  of  duty  well  done,  but  also  to  reflect  glory  on  the 
generous  Government  of  Ontario,  that  has  so  fittingly  made  this 
magnanimous  gift  to  the  Empire's  needs.  Our  chiefs  of  staff, 
Col.  Chambers  and  Col.  Cameron,  enjoy  our  respect  and  love,  and 
will  be  loyally  supported  by  their  junior  officers.  At  present, 
owing  to  the  preponderance  of  medical  cases,  we  internists  are 
able  to  lord  it  over  the  surgeons.  Our  Commanding  Officer.  Col. 
D.  W.  McPherson,  is  the  right  man  in  the  right  place.  He  has 
a  big  job  on  his  hands,  in  organizing  a  hospital  of  1,040  beds. 
But  his  unfailing  good  nature  and  courtesy  towards  officers  and 
men,  and  his  long  experience  in  France  and  England  (as  well 
as  in  Canada),  are  standing  him  in  good  stead,  and  the  work 
of  organization  is  progressing  rapidly  and  surely. 

Our  mess  is  fortunate  in  having  the  gracious  Col.  Graham 
Chambers  as  President.  It  has  decided  to  be  a  "dry"  mess, 
influenced  doubtless  by  the  fact  that  our  hospital  represents  a 
Government  and  people  that  have  taken  up  a  strong  position  on 
the  question  of  the  use  of  alcoholic  liquors. 

We  have  already  had  the  good  fortune  to  see  some  of  our  old 
Canadian  friends — Col.  Ross.  Col.  Rudolf,  Col.  Adami,  Col.  Wal- 
lace Scott.  McGregor  Young  and  Mr.  Robert  Moud  (brother  of 
Sir  Alfred  Moud),  a  bacteriologist  who  does  not  believe  in  the 
sterilization  or  pasteurization  of  milk.  A  few  days  ago,  while 
visiting  the  old  Woolwich  Hospital,  built  about  the  time  of  the 
Crimean  War,  I  met  Dr.  Carruthers,  who  was  at  Moorfields  with 
Colin  Campbell.  The  men  on  our  staff  are  a  fine  lot,  but  de- 
cidedly unmusical.  However,  after  a  hard  struggle,  we  have 
induced  some  of  them  to  cultivate  their  voices — towards  mid- 
night. Your  heart  would  rejoice  to  hear  ]\Iac  Crawford,  Victor 
Graham.  Duncan  Campbell,  Major  MacKay  (our  dwarf  pianist) 
and  John  Kane  united  in  a  series  of  college  songs.  Judging  by 
their  rapid  progress,  Caruso  will  soon  have  to  look  to  his  laurels. 
Major  Norman  AYilson,  looking  hale  and  hearty  again,  has  just 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  AVORLD  31 

joined  our  staff.  There  was  general  and  heartfelt  grief  over  the 
sad  news  of  the  deaths  of  Dr.  Yellowlees,  Dr.  Burritt  and  Dr. 
B.  E.  Mackenzie. 

With  kindest  regards  to  Mrs.  Young  and  yourself, 

Faithfully  yours, 

Harley  Smith. 


Book  Reviews 


studies  in  Ethics  for  Nurses.  By  Charlotte  A.  An^Exs,  for- 
merly Superintendent  of  Columbia  Hospital,  Pittsburg,  and 
Director  of  Sibley  Memorial  Hospital.  Washington,  D.C.  ■  W. 
B.  Saunders  Company,  Philadelphia  and  London.     1916. 

Miss  Aikens  has  again  written  a  wonderful  and  unique  book. 
This  is  one  in  which  everybody  can  read  with  interest  things  con- 
cerning himself,  his  parents,  or  his  sister.  It  is  a  book  which 
should  be  purchased  in  large  numbers  by  the  superintendent  of 
every  training  school  to  send  to  young  women  contemplating  the 
study  of  nursing,  because  this  is  their  Book  of  Life.  In  this  they 
will  find  all  their  difficulties  truthfully  stated,  and  a  way  to  con- 
quer enunciated.  Hitherto  books  on  ethics  have  been  rather  dry 
sermons  of  an  abstract  nature,  but  Miss  Aikens'  pages  are  tilled 
with  concrete  words  that  pulsate  with  live,  practical  wisdom. 
Miss  Aikens  has  recognized,  evidently  from  close  daily  contact 
with  her  pupils,  that  the  hard  part  in  nursing  is  not  in  having  a 
great  number  of  heavy,  laborious  treatments  to  give,  but  in  miss- 
ing some  much-needed  cuff  buttons  when  all  ready  to  go  to  class, 
or  a  raincoat,  or  some  money  left  in  a  drawer  that  must  be 
unlocked — not  in  pursuing  new,  strange  technical  studies,  but  in 
having  to  do  much  more  than  one's  just  share  because  some  other 
nurse  may  be  philandering — or,  again,  not  in  running  up  and 
down  flights  of  stairs  in  an  unfamiliar  house  when  on  private 
iluty,  but  in  discreetly  handling  all  the  vagaries  of  an  anxious, 
distressed  family.  The  examples  given  are  like  a  chart  of  an 
unknown  sea  to  the  novice  nurse.  Each  reef  is  distinctly  marked 
with  a  bell  or  a  buoy,  so  that  she  may  steer  lier  course  clear  of 
it  into  a  safe  haven. 


32  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July.  1916 

The  book  is  clearly  typed,  of  good  appearance  and  volume, 
320  pages,  with  an  excellent  index.  It  should  make  a  strong  bid 
for  instantaneous  adoption. 


A  Beference  Hand-Booh  of  Obstetric  Nursing.  By  W.  Reynolds 
Wilson,  M.D.,  Former  Visiting  Physician  to  the  Philadel- 
phia Lying-in  Charity.  Illustrated.  Third  edition,  thor- 
oughly revised.  Philadelphia  and  London :  W.  B.  Saunders 
Company.     1916.     Toronto:   J.  F.  Hartz  Co.,  Limited. 

The  third  edition  of  Dr.  AV.  Reynolds  "Wilson's  Hand-Book 
has  been  considerably  improved.  It  contains  some  new  material 
on  scopolamin — morphine  anesthetic  and  the  uses  of  nitrous- 
oxid-oxA-gen  gas.  It  also  devotes  some  space  to  the  caloric  estima- 
tion of  food  values  for  the  infant.  The  text  as  a  whole  has  been 
largely  rewritten.  We  heartily  commend  the  book  to  nurses 
about  t(i  take  their  instruction  in  obstetrics. 


First  Year  Xursing.  A  Text-Book  for  Pupils  during  their  First 
Year  of  Hospital  Work.  By  ]\Iixxie  Goodnow,  R.X.,  for- 
merly Superintendent  of  the  Woman's  Hospital,  Denver,  and 
Directress  of  Nurses  at  Milwaukee  County  Hospital,  etc. 
W.  B.  Saunders  Company.  Philadelphia  and  London. 

From  Miss  Goodnow's  facile  pen  comes  a  new  edition  of  her 
valuable  book  for  pupils.  Miss  Goodnow  has  the  happy  knack  of 
hitting  the  bull's-eye  every  time  by  mentioning  with  emphasis 
just  the  points  on  which  a  novice  might  seriously  err.  This  book 
has  just  been  entirely  gone  over,  added  to,  and  modernized,  with 
extra  illustrations,  all  of  which  are  very  clear.  There  are  many 
given  which  are  not  to  be  found  in  the  standardized  text-books 
for  nurses.  The  only  point  to  be  made  in  criticism  is  that  a  nurse 
who  is  in  her  first  year  is  not  usually  permitted  to  do  such  ad- 
vanced work  as  is  referred  to  in  the  later  chapters.  Nevertheless 
she  may  take  this  information  on  with  her  into  her  second  year. 
The  binding,  type  and  paper  of  this  edition  are  of  the  best 
quality. 


July,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  xvii 

D  lNi  jTlR  j 

is  appreciated  by  discerning  people  because — 

Only  the  best  materials  are  used, 

Of  our  exclusive  process  of  fermentation, 

Of  the  exactness  of  manufacturing  methods,   assuring  bread  and    buns   of    uniform 
excellence. 

The  greatest  cleanliness  is  observed  in  the  manufacture  and  distribution. 

S  Wf  II FE 

MADE     AND    WRA.PPED     BY    MACHINERY 


GRAND  PRIZE  GRAND  PRIZE 

Panama-Pacific   Exposition  Panama-California   Exposition 

San   Francisco.    1915  San   Diego,   1915 


BAKER'S  COCOA 

IS  as  aelicious  in  flavor  as  it  is  nigh 
in   quality   ana    aDsolute   in   purity. 

All    or    our    goods    sola    m 
Canaaa   are    made    in    Canada 


„     .         ^  Booklet  oi  Choice  Recipes 

Registered  r  ^ 

Trade-Mark  sent  tree  on  request. 


WALTER    BAKER    ^    CO.    LIMITED 

ESTABLISHED   1780 

MONTREAL,  CAN.  :  DORCHESTER,  MASS. 


Wh-en   writing   advertisers,   please  mention   The  Hospital   World. 


xviii  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

The  Art  of  Anesthesia.  By  Paluel  J.  Flagg,  M.D.,  Lecturer  in 
Anesthesia,  Fordham  University  Medical  School;  Anesthet- 
ist to  Eoosevelt  Hospital ;  Instructor  in  Anesthesia  to  Belle- 
vue  and  Allied  Hospitals,  Fordham  Division ;  Consulting  An- 
esthetist to  St.  Joseph's  Hospital,  Yonkers,  N.Y. ;  Formerly 
Anesthetist  to  the  Woman's  Hospital,  New  York  City.  136 
illustrations.  Price  $3.50.  Philadelphia  and  London :  J.  B. 
Lippincott  Company. 

It  has  been  a  matter  of  surprise  and  some  comment  that  more 
literature  has  not  of  recent  years  been  devoted  to  the  subject  of 
anesthetics.  It  must  be  admitted  that  medical  practitioners  in 
general  practice  have  far  too  limited  a  knowledge  of  the  proper 
administration  of  an  anesthetic.  This  should  not  be,  especially 
in  rural  practice,  where  men  are  so  often  called  upon  to  anes- 
thetise  a  patient  without  any  assistance  other  than  that  of  a 
friendly  neighbor.  The  administration  of  an  anesthetic  is  far 
more  than  a  mere  mechanical  performance.  It  is,  as  the  author 
states,  an  art.  and  after  looking  through  Dr.  P.  J.  Flagg 's  book 
we  are  satisfied  that,  if  read  as  it  deserves  to  be  read,  fewer  mis- 
takes will  be  made  and  fewer  lives  sacrificed.  Buy  it.  It  is  well 
worth  the  price. 


Text-Book  of  Anatomy  and  Physiology.  For  Training  Schools 
and  other  Educational  Institutions.  By  Elizabeth  R.  Bundy, 
M.D.,  Member  of  the  ^Medical  Staff  of  the  Woman's  Hospital 
of  Philadelphia ;  Gynecologist,  New  Jersey  Training  School, 
Vineland;  formerly  Adjunct  Professor  of  Anatomy,  and 
Demonstrator  of  Anatomy  in  the  Woman's  Medical  College 
of  Pennsj-lvania ;  formerly  Superintendent  of  the  Connecticut 
Training  School  for  Nurses,  New  Haven ;  etc.  Fourth  edition, 
revised  and  enlarged,  with  a  glossary  and  243  illustrations,  46 
of  which  are  printed  in  colors.  Philadelphia:  P.  Blakistons 
Son  &  Co.,  1012  Walnut  Street. 

We  have  felt  for  a  long  time  that  the  teaching  of  nurses  is 
often  badly  adapted  to  their  requirements  and  more  suited  to  the 
medical  student  than  the  nurse.  This  work,  written  by  a  medical 
graduate  who  has  had  a  large  experience  in  the  training  of 
nurses,  is  as  simple  and  practical  as  one  could  wish.  The  num- 
erous illustrations,  taken  from  the  best  authors,  will  prove  very 
helpful.  In  every  way  we  think  the  work  well  suited  for  the 
class  for  whom  it  is  intended.  w.  j.  w. 


Wanted 

Position  as  Lady  Superintendent  in  General  Hospital,  Canadian 
North-west  preferred.  Post  Graduate  of  Grace  Hospital,  Detroit. 
— Address  Box  P.,  The  Hospital  World,  Toronto. 


July,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XIX 


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Therapeutic 

Thoroughness 


is  possible  only  when  the  remedies  used 
by  the  Patient,  are  exactly  what  the 
Doctor  prescribed.     _____ 

More  than  20  years'  experience,  among* 
physicians  in  all  parts  of  the  world,  snow 
that  there  is  no  successful  substitute  for 


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'.^^^^  "eVK  yPRK  CITY.  U.S.  »■       » -*^  {    ( 


2 ■•  >.  e'  a  Y  " aXX'^o  B  "  " 
PRICE,  50  CENTS 

■'    iinniimiiiiilMlin'' 


Directions: — Always  heat 
in  the  original  container  by 
placing  in  hot  water. 
Needless  exposure  to  the 
air,  impairs  its  osmotic 
properties — on  which  its 
therapeutic  action  largely 
depends. 


There  are  many  uses  for  An- 
tiphlogistine,  during  the  warm 
season  —  slight  yet  annoying 
ailments,  such  as  occur  during 
out-door  activities  —  Bruises — 


Sprains  —  'Base  Ball  fingers'* 
— Stings — Bites  of  insects  and 
reptiles  —  Sun'  urn  —  Poison 
Ivy  —  Inflamed  wounds  from 
Fireworks  or  Firearms,  etc.,  etc. 


By  ordering:  Antiphlogistine  in  full  and  original  packages: 

Small,  Medium,  Large,  or  Hospital  Size,  "a  perfect 

poultice"  is  assured. 


Physicians  should  WRITE  ' ' Antiphlogisiine"  to  AVOID  "substitutes.  " 


"There's  Only  One  Antiphlogistine" 


THE  DENVER  CHEMICAL  MFG.  COMPANY    -    MONTREAL 


When   writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XX  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 

A  NEW  HOSPITAL  FOR  SHOCK  CASES 


The  Provincial  Secretary's  Department  decided  recently  to 
establish  at  Cobourg,  Ont.,  a  Hospital  for  the  Treatment  of 
Mental  and  Shock  Cases  among  Returned  Soldiers.  This  is  the 
result  -of  negotiations  concluded  between  the  Dominion  Hospitals 
Commission  and  the  Ontario  G'oyernment. 

The  present  institution  at  Cobourg  will  be  immediately  eon- 
verted  into  a  Military  Hospital  by  the  transfer  of  some  180 
female  patients  to  the  new  Hospital  for  Mental  Diseases  at 
Whitby.  It  is  expected  by  the  first  week  of  July  the  Cobourg 
Hospital  will  be  ready  to  receive  over  50  patients,  which  cases 
will  be  increased  from  time  to  time  as  necessity  arises.  The 
Medical  Staff  and  Nurses,  with  the  necessary  facilities  and  or- 
ganization for  this  Hospital,  will  be  provided  by  the  Pro\dncial 
Secretary's  Department,  and  preparation  is  being  made  to 
increase  the  accommodation  by  the  erection  of  additional  build- 
ings, should  it  be  found  that  this  is  needed. 

The  Ontario  Government  are  to  be  congratulated  upon  their 
most  recent  step  in  aid  of  returned  soldiers.  The  Grovernment 
is  following  the  best  practice  as  it  exists  to-day  in  England, 
where  they  liave  already  one  or  two  such  institutions. 

It  is  hoped  that  in  about  two  months'  time  one  section  of 
the  Hospital  will  be  entirely  completed,  which  will  permit  the 
handling  of  any  number  of  cases  as  is  contemplated  under  the 
new  arrangement,  up  to  perhaps  500. 

The  need  for  special  facilities  for  the  treatment  of  mental 
and  shock  cases  arising  out  of  the  War  is  imposing  an  unforeseen 
burden  on  the  Medical  branch  of  the  military  organization  of 
Canada.  The  Dominion  Government  will  pay  to  the  province  a 
maintenance  charge  of  so  much  per  day  per  patient,  and  the 
entire  resources  of  the  department  will  be  made  available  for 
the  purpose  of  securing  for  those  who  are  sent  to  Cobourg 
Hospital  the  best  treatment  known  to  science.  The  equipment 
will  include  hydrotherapeutic  and  electrotherapeutic  baths,  with 
special  wards  to  deal  with  the  different  ela.sses  of  patients. 


GRADUATING    EXERCISES    AT   THE   HOSPITAL 
FOR  MENTAL  DISEASES 


The  Graduating  Exercises  of  the  Toronto  Hospital  for  Mental 
Diseases,  held  at  999  Queen  Street  West,  on  June  15th,  gave 
evidence  of  an  excellent  year 's  work,  and  of  war  work,  too,  done 
through  the  hospital's  offshoot  in  the  Psychopathic  Department 
of  the  Ontario  Government's  Military  Hospital  at  Orpington.  The 
proceedings  were  presided  over  by  Mr.  S.  A.  Armstrong,  Assist- 
ant Provincial  Secretary.  Dr.  Helen  MacMurchy  addressed  the 
graduates  and  the  diplomas  were  presented  by  Mrs.  J.  M.  Porster 
and  Mrs.  Forbes  Godfrey.  The  Hospital  for  Mental  Diseases  is 
affiliated  with  the  Western  Hospital,  Toronto,  in  a  post-graduate 
course.  The  prize  for  highest  marks  was  carried  oft'  bv  :\Iiss 
Wylie. 


July,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXI 


A  Boon  to  Institution 
Laundries 

In  these  days  when  there  is  considerable 
trouble  in  reference  to  "  help "  in  large 
Institutions,  any  effective  labor  saving 
device  is  more  than  welcome.  One  such 
device,  which  will  make  laundry  work  in 
a  Hospital  easy,  is 

TORO  TABLETS 

Their  use  will  be  found  a  boon,  rendering 
the  work  of  washing  far  more  effective 
and  easy.  The  TORO  TABLET  is  dis- 
infectant in  character,  so  that  no  matter 
how  mixed  the  articles  of  clothing  may 
be,  or  how  soiled,  they  come  out  spotlessly 

white.      TORO    TABLETS    will   not 

injure  the  finest  fabric  and  no  scrubbing  is 
necessary.  One  tablet  of  TORO  and 
half-a-pound  of  soap  and  the  work  is  done. 
Hospitals  supplied  in  large  quantities  at 
low  prices. 

THE   TORO    TABLET   CO. 

BIRMINGHAM        ■        ENGLAND 

Canadian  Office — 
113  RONCESVALLES  AVENUE,  TORONTO 


qrajHj"Bj-BrBjajHj^rg-rHr5jg.n 


PATIENTS 

■will  do  their  part  in  oral  prophylaxis 
if  they  are  instructed  to  use 


Its  value  in  allaying  soft,  bleeding, 
spongy  gvm^  and  in  removing  de- 
posits on  the  teeth  is  so  apparent  to 
the  user  that  the  practitioner'swork 
is  sustained  by  the  patients"  con- 
tinuous and'willing  co-operation, an 
essential  in  preventingor  in  treating 

PYORRHEA 

^A^hen  used  as  a  dentifrice, regularly 
every  day,  PYORRHOCIDE  will 
go  far  toward  maintaining  the 
teeth,  gums  nd  mouth  in  a  state  of 
normal  vitality  and  health. 

ThE  OENTIKOL  &  PYORRKOCiDE  CO.  Inc. 

110-112  West  40th  Street       -      New  York 


dzTSISSBTB  rBr3SBT3S3IBrBIl' 


i!ll!llllllllllllllllllllll!lllll!>llllilllll!ll!lllli;i!!llli^lll>lllll!l:>!!lllllllllllll!l!llll!!l!iillli^ 


LOSING    WEIGHT 


Occasionally  breast-fed  babies 
without  apparent  reason  show 
a  steady  loss  in  weight  and 
strength.  Intelligent  investiga- 
tion usually  lays  the   blame  to 

faulty  diet. 


^^ 


ot<^ 


r3  Cryc^^C'^'v 


Condensed 

MILK 


THE  ORIGINAL 


on  account  of  its  wholesomeness,  palatability, 
uniformity  of  composition,  as  well  as  ease  of 
assimiLition  and  simplicity  of  preparation,  will  be  founil 
by  clinical  trial  to  be  of  sjreat  value  in  these  cases  of 
iinpaired  nutrition. 

Send  for  Samples,  Analysis,  Feeding  Charts  in  any  language  and 
our  52-page  book,  "Babe's  Welfare.  "  Mailed  upon  request. 

BORDEN  MILK  COMPANY,  Ltd.    -    Montreal 

"LEADERS  OF  QUALITY" 
Branch  Office :  2  Arcade  Bldg.,  Vancouver,  B.C. 


When  writing^  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


XXll 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  July,  1916 


NEW  HOSPITAL  APPLIANCES,  PHARMACEUTI- 
CAL PREPARATIONS,  ETC. 

A  Letter 

Doctor, — When  consulted  by  patients  on  tlie  important  question 
of  the  laundry,  won't  you  bear  in  mind  the  following  facts 
regarding  Taber  Laundry  Works,  444  and  446  Bathurst  Street, 
Toronto:  Our  laundry  is  one  of  the  most  up-to-date  and  best- 
equipped  institutions'  of  the  kind  in  Canada.  Every  depart- 
ment is  conducted  along  the  strictest  sanitary  lines.  Each  and 
every  piece  entrusted  to  us  is  not  only  washed  but  sterilized, 
and  dried  with  super-heated  air,  rendering  impossible  the  trans- 
mission or  existence  of  germ  life.  Taber  Laundry  Works  exer- 
cise also  the  greatest  care  in  not  taking  work  from  houses  or 
places  where  there  exists  contagious  disease.  Our  patrons  are 
protected  in  this  way  from  danger.  It  has  been  our  rule  for 
years  that  each  and  every  customer  receives  personal  attention. 
Telephone  College  8333  and  5143  for  our  van  service.  Note. — In 
the  past  few  years  laundry  chemists  and  engineers  have  devel- 
oped the  modern  power  laundry  so  that  it  now  ranks  high  in 
the  public  service.  Sanitation  has  been  the  mainspring  of  their 
efforts.  We  invite  professional  men  and  visitors  to  call  on  us. 
For  the  above  reasons,  we  ask  the  endorsement  of  physicians. 


The  Keith  Ventilating  Fan 

Sheldon's  Limited,  makers  of  the  Keith  fan  for  ventilating  and 
other  purposes,  are  very  busy.  They  have  been  running  night 
and  day  for  the  past  fifteen  months.  This  firm  has  recently 
secured  the  contract  for  ventilating  equij)ment  for  St.  Joseph's 
Hospital,  Hamilton,  which  consists  of  three  special  Keith  fans 
with  direct  connected  motors.  While  the  Canadian  trade  in 
ventilating-  equipment  has  been  rather  quiet  since  the  war  began, 
owing  to  there  being  so  few  large  buildings  erected,  still  this 
firm  is  getting  their  share  of  the  business,  and  in  the  past  few 
months  have  received  orders  for  quite  a  number  of  fans  for 
export. 


Borden's  Eagle  Brand  Condensed  Milk 

Eagle  Brand  Milk  is  an  ideal  milk,  obtained  under  perfect 
sanitary  conditions  from  healthy  cows.  The  milk  is  condensed 
where  cleanliness  reigns  supreme,  by  Gail  Borden's  original 
process,  invented  in.the  early  fifties,  a  process  that  has  not  as  yet 
been  improved  upon.  Eagle  Brand  Milk  offers  the  greatest 
measure  of  safety,  convenience  and  economy.  It  can  be  obtained 
almost  am^vhere  through  the  civilized  world,  is  always  uni- 
form in  quality  and  composition  and,  when  properly  diluted  and 
administered,  is  surpassed  only  by  mother's  milk. 


Julv,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


xxm 


PHOTOS     OF     FUNERAL     CHAPEL     AND     MOTOR     HEARSE     WITH 

HANDSOMELY     EQUIPPED    LIMOUSINES     FOR     PRIVATE 

AND    PUBLIC     FUNERALS 

Charge  Not  Exceeding  that  of  horse  drawn  vehicles. 
Private  Motor  Ambulance 

MOTORS   DIRECT  TO   FOREST  LAWN   MAUSOLEUM 


A.  W.  MILES 

Funeral  Director    -    396  College  St. 


Phone  C.  1752 


Phone  C.  2757 


Toronto,  Canada 


When  writing-  advertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XXIV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


July,  1916 


92%  OF  THE  HOSPITALS 

^^  WHO  FAVOR  US  WITH  THEIR  PATRONAGE,   BUY 

"ABSORBON" 

The  Low-Priced  Absorbent  Cotton  of  Quality 

in  preference  to  other  brands,  because  it  is  better  value  at  the  price 
than  any  other  brand  on  this  market. 

Guaranteed  pure,  sterile — passes  through  the  same  50  different 
operations  as  our  higher  grades — sells  lor 
less  because  made  from  short  staple  cotton 
which  costs  less  than  long  fibre  cotton 
though  quality  is  identical. 
Investigate — A  postcard  brings  samples  and 
prices  to  your  desk. 

Maplewood  Mills 


Largest  Manufacturers  in  the  World 
FALL    RIVER,    MASS. 


THE    PARTICULAR   ATTENTION    OF 
PHYSICIANS,  NURSES  AND    HOSPITALS   IS 
[CALLED   TO 

The  Allen  Germ -Proof  Water 
Purifier  and  Cooler 

In  these  days,  when  the  water  supplied  in  many 
of  our  cities  is  not  what  it  ought  to  be,  the  Profession 
and,  through  it,  the  Public  will  welcome  such  a  device. 

The  ALLEN  WATER  COOLER  SERVICE,  through 
its  system  of  filtration,  guarantees  a  water  that  is  practically 
absolutely  pure.  Dr.  A.  A.  Thibaudeau  of  the  Laboratory  of 
Pathology,  University  of  Buffalo,  states  that  "The  Allen 
Filter  can  maintain  an  efficiency  of  100  per  cent."  adding 
that  the  filter  was  allowed  to  operate  continuously  for  three 
da.ys  a.nd  that  no  bacterial  growth  was  found  in  the  samples  after 
48  hours'  exposure  on  plates. 

Medical  men  can  rest  assured  that,  in  recommending  the  use  of 
the  Allen  Water  Cooler  Service  to  their  patients,  they  are 
materially  hastening  their  convalescence 

THE  DOMINION  SALES  CO.,  LIMITED 


Suite  J,  Yonge  Si.  Arcade,  Toronto 


Telephone  Main  3797 


When   writing  adverti.?ers.    please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


July,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXV 


FOR   THE  SICK   ROOM 

Physicians  will  find 

SAFETY   FIRST    AMMONIA 

the  most  effective  disinfectant  on  the  market. 
It  is  absolutely  bactericidal  in  action  and 
cleanses,  better  than  anything  else,  pantry 
sinks,  urinals  and  pus  basins,  leaving  thern 
clean,  sweet  and  aseptic.  SAFETY  FIRST 
AMMONIA  is  58%  strong.  A  little  in  a 
saucer,  moistened  with  water  and  placed  in 
the  Hospital  Ward,  will  quickly  render  the 
air  pleasing  to  the  patients. 
SAFETY  FIRST  CHLORIDE  OF  LIME  is  also 
a  most  satisfactory  deodorizer,  and  is  ideal 
for  use  in,  say,  a  Hospital  basement  or 
household  cellar  where  there  is  the  slightest 
suspicion  of  defective  drains. 

Special  prices,  in  quantities,  to  Hospitals, 
Asylums,  etc. 

These  products,  once  tried,  will  be  used 
to  the  exclusion  of  all  other  competing 
preparations.  We  supply  the  Department  of 
Public  Works  Dominion  Government  with 
SAFETY  FIRST. 

onir'b?  The  T.  J.  QUINN  CO. 

288  Queen  Street  West,  Toronto 
Tel.  Ad.  1509 


CENTRIFUGES 

of  the 

INSTRUMENT    COMPANY 

Are  used  in  the  Laboratories  of  the  Leading 

Hospitals   of   Canada   and   the  United   States 

23  Church  St.  Cambridge,    Mass. 

Send  for  Catalog  Ca. 


ELECTRIC 
INTERNATIONAL 


PHYSICIANS    PREFER 


GLOSS 


ti 


i'yf 


F.LAT 
WHITE   ENAMEL 

SANITARY 

WASHABLE 


-DUSTPROOF 


ARTISTIC 

Will  Not   Turn  Yellow 

ElEStiCE  '^^^  Perfect  Floor  Finish 
^^^^^;  Send    for    Sample  Paper 


TORONTO 


'  ONTARIO 


Electrically  Lighted 
Surgical  Instruments 


Kjeldahl 
Stills 


Bottle 
Shakers 


Minot 
Rotary 


Paraffin 
Microtomes 


Modern  General  Diagnostic  Outfit 

This  Outfit  now  weighs  but  4/2  pounds,  and  measures 
5%  X  7  X  15  inches,  malting  it  very  convenient  to  carry.  The 
instruments  are  equipped  with  tungsten  lamps. 

Price  :  Case  with  battery  and  instruments,  complete, 
$40.00. 

The  more  brilliant  illumination  and  lower  temperature 
of  the  tungsten  lamps  with  which  they  are  now  equipped, 
have  greatly  increased  the  usefulness  of  E.  S.  I.  Co.  instru- 
ments, such  as 

Jackson  Bronchoscopes  and  Laryngeal  Specula 

Holmes  Nasopharyng'oscopes 

Tuttle  and  Lynch  Procto-Sigmoidoscopes 

Braasch  Cystoscopes 

Koch,  Swinburne  and  Young  UrethroscopeS|  etc. 

Eighth  Edition  of  our  Catalogue  upon  request. 

ELECTRO  SURGICAL  INSTRUMENT  CO.,  Rochester,  N.Y. 


When  writing  Advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  Workl. 


SXVl 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


July,  1916 


Highest 
Grade 
Only 


ERHARD  HEINTZMAN 


GRAND 

SELF-PLAYER  ]  PIANOS 

UPRIGHT         J 


* 


Edison  Diamond  Disc 
Phonographs 


Columbia  Grafonolas 


There  is  nothing  like  music  for  the  home — which  all  can 
enjoy.    What    better   than    music    for  the    convalescent? 

Write  for  our  complete   catalogue  of  Pianos  and  Phono- 
graphs.     Easy   terms    of    payment    on    an}^    instrument. 

Gerhard  Heintzman  Limited 


(Opp.  City  HaU) 


41  West  Queen  St.,  Toronto 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  Tiie   Hospital   World. 


July,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXVll 


Walk-Over  Shoes 

Correct  hoot  Troubles  in  a 
Natural,  Comfortable  }\ay 

HE  WALK-OVER    BOOT  SHOP  makes  a  specialty 

of  fitting  shoes  to  deformed  or  abnormal  feet.  A  wide  range 

of  over   twenty  lasts  and  at  least  112  sizes  in  each  last 

makes  it  possible  for  us  to  fit   almost   any   foot,  even    though 

badly  deformed,  with  a  stylish  and  comfortable  shoe. 

The  doctor  in  charge  of  our  Orthopedic  Depart- 
ment is  expert  in  the  fitting  of  arch  supports, 
made-to-order  shoes,  etc.,  and  gladly  gives  free 
consultation  and  advice. 

Self-measuring  FOOTOGRAPH  charts  will  be 
mailed  to  out-of-town  customers  who  do  not  find  it 
convenient  to  visit  the  store.  Full  directions  with 
each  chart. 

WALK-OVER 
BOOT  SHOP 


290  YONGE  STREET      - 

Also  at  521  St.  Catherine  St. 


TORONTO 

Montreal 


Prominent  physicians  and 
gynecologists  everywhere 
recommend  the  MARVEL 
Syringe  in  cases  of  Leu- 
corrhea.Vaginitis  and  other 
Vaginal  diseases.  It  al- 
ways gives  satisfaction. 

All  Druggists  and  Dealers 
in  Surgical  Instruments  sell 
it.     For  literature,  address 

MARVEL   COMPANY 

44  E.  23rd  Street,  NEW  YORK 


The  Peculiar  Advantag^e 


of  the 


Marvel  "Whirling 
Spray''  Syringe 

is  that  The  Marvel,  by  its 
Centrifugal  action,  dilates 
and  flushes  the  vaginal  passage 
with  a  volume  of  whirling 
fluid,  which  smooths  out  the 
folds  and  permits  the  injec- 
tion to  come  in  contact  with 

its  entire  sur- 
face. 

The  Marvel  Company 
was  awarded  the  Gold 
Medal,  Diploma  and 
Certificate  of  Appro- 
bation by  the  Societe 
D'Hygiene  de  France, 
atParis,  Oct.  9,  1902. 


When   writing   advertisers,    please   mention   The   Hospital    World. 


XXVlll 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


July,  1916 


The  James  Robertson  Co, 

LIMITED 

Originators,  Designers  and  Manufacturers 
of  High-grade  Sanitary  Fixtures     ::     ii     :: 


WE    SOLICIT    YOUR    ENQUIRIES 


Offices  and  Works ; 

MONTREAL 
TORONTO 
WINNIPEG 
ST.  JOHN 


Sanitary  Exhibition  Rooms ; 

MONTREAL 

TORONTO 

WINNIPEG 


When   writing-  advertisers,    please   mention    Ti:e   Hospital    World. 


July,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXIX 


A  Strictly 
Sanitary  Laundry 

Two  of  our  strong  points  are: 

1st.  We  will  not  accept  laundry 
from  any  place  where  there 
is  contagious  disease. 

2nd.  Our  prompt  delivery. 

Ever  go  to  dress  and  find 
that  CLEAN  LINEN  you 
counted    on    hadn't    come  ? 

No  trouble  like  that  with 
the  Yorkville  Laundry 
Prompt  delivery  is  an  ab- 
solute     rule    with    us. 

Yorkville  Laundry 

45  Elm  St.,  Toronto       Phone  M.  1589 


Pnysicians    should     always    remember 
that  by  the  use  of 

THE  DELANEY  DUSTLESS  AND 
FIREPROOF  SIFTER 

all  further  trouble  from  dust  in  the  house- 
hold is  eliminated,  no  more  Bronchial 
Coughs  from  dust  in  the  sleeping  rooms  as 
the  atmosphere  of  the  house  is  sweet  and 
clean.  The  publishers  of  this  Journal  re- 
commend the  adoption  of  The  Delaney 
Dustless  Sifter  as  a  sanitary  measure. 

W.  H.  DELANEY 
89  West  Marion  St. 

Phone  Park  4992. 


Toronto 


Physician's  Scale. 

Designed  especially  for  use  in  Hospitals, 
in  offices  of  physicians.  Something  that  is 
essential  in  connection  with  every  private 
bathroom. 

Scale  is  ordinarily  finished  black,  with  bronze 
ornamentation,  but  is  also  furnished  in  light  colors, 
elaborately  ornamented,   with  nickel-plated    beam 
Scale  is  furnished  with  or  without  measuring  rod 
as  desired.    Write  for  prices. 

GURNEY  SCALE  CO. 

HAMILTON,  ONT. 

When   writing  advertisers,    please   mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XXX 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


July,  1916 


"AN  OUNCE  OF  PREVENTION   IS 
WORTH   A   POUND    OF    CURE" 

but  with  every  care 

Accidents  and  Sickness 

will  occur. 

Doctor,  why  take  chances  of  loss  of  income   by  reason  of 
accident  and  sickness,  when  you  ^can  be  amply  protected? 

A  Good  Prescription 

is 

An  Insurance  Policy 

in 

THE    GENERAL    ACCIDENT   ASSURANCE    COMPANY 

Head  Office — Continental  Life  Building,  Toronto 
Peleg  Howland,  Esq.,  President  Jno.  J.   Durance,  Manager 


The  Thomson  Monument  Co.,  Limited 


862  DUPONT  STREET,  TORONTO 


PHONE  HILL.  3039 


Individual 

Designs 

Cheerfully 

Submitted 


"When  writing  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


July,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


XXXI 


THE  BRANSTON  VIOLET  RAY  HIGH 

FREQUENCY    GENERATOR    Made  in  Canada 


Mode  6.  Operate  s  on  the  Electric 
Lighting  Current. 


'  A  Portable  High  Frequency  Outfit 
Extremely  Compact  and  of  High  Efficiency 

Our  Model  6  Generator  is  particularlv  well  designed 
for  the  physician  desiring  a  portable  High  Frequency 
Coil  giving  a  range  of  High  Frequency  suitable  for 
all  forms  of  treatment. 

The  coils  and  condenser  are  wound  to  give  a  current 
of  exceedingly  high  voltage  and  oscillation  and  at 
the  same  time  generate  sufficient  heat.  It  gives 
about  two  million  oscillations  or  vibrations  per 
second.  The  connecting  cords  and  insulated  handle 
are  sparkless.  It  can  be  regulated  to  give  any  strength 
of  current  desi-ed  and  is  built  to  last  for  years.  The 
coils  are  impregnated  by  a  special  vacuum  process 
which  makes  a  burnout  practically  impossible. 

ft  is  mounted  in  a  leather  covered  velvet  lined  case 
8  X  12  X  6  inches.  Ample  space  is  provided  for  ten 
electrodes,  handle,  conducting  cords,  etc. 

Full  descriptive  catalogue  and  prices  showing  our 
complete  line  of  machines  and  electrodes. 

Manufactured  by 

CHAS.  A.  BRANSTON  CO. 

Offices  and  Factory  :  359  Yonge  Street 
Phone  Main  1212 

Canadian   Representatives    for    the    Celebrated 
White  Cross  Vibrators  and  E'ectric  Specialties 


INVALID  STOUT 

For  Weak  Folks 


S 


0iDB0gxRENGTHENING    and 

nourishing  qualities,  com- 

i     bined    with    a    really 

HQHHH     acceptable  flavor,  make 

Dominion  Brewery's  Invalid  Stout 

the  ideal  beverage  for  convales- 
cents and  bilious  people.  It  is 
digestible  and  non-gassy. 

Order  at  any  of  the  dealers 

Dominion  Brewery  Co., 


LIMITED 


TORONTO 


When    writing  advei  ti.seis,    plea.se   mention   The   Ho.siiital    World. 


XXXll 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


July,  1916 


GLYCO-THYMOLINE 


IS  INDICATED  IN 

Catarrhal 
Conditions 

of  mucous  me  m- 
branes  in  all  parts  of 
the  body — ^  maintains 
Asepsis  without  irri- 
tation—  reduces  con- 
gestion and  by  stimu- 
lating the  capillaries 
to  increased  activity 
restores  normality. 


Perfect  Mouth  Wash 


For  "Daily  Use 

Keeps  the  mouth  Alkaline  as 
nature  intended  it  should  be. 
Stops  the  formation  of  lactic  acid 
and  prevents  dental  decay. 

LITERATURE  ON  REQUEST 

KRESS    &   OWEN  CO. 

361-363  Pearl  St.       '.•       New  York 


W^hen   writing  advertisers,   please  mention   Tlie   Hospital   "World. 


Naoie 


<n»wM|§ 


X-RAY  ^^'^  HIGH  FREQUENCY 


APPARATUS 


'sician 
Hospital 


Interrupterless 
X«Ray  Transformer 


MEDAL  OF  HONOR 

Panama  Pacific  International 
Exposition 

San  Francisco         -         1915 


Model  "E" 
Portable  X-Ray 
and  Hig-h  Fre- 
quency Coil 


Highest  Award  to  X-Ra^  and  High  Frequency  Apparatus 

CAMPBELL  ELECTRIC  COMPANY,  Lynn,  Mass. 

Sales  Agencies — Principal  Cities 


HOSPITAL  EFFICIENCY 

Heating  and  Ventilating  cannot  be 
made  an  entire  success  in  the  Hospital 
unless  the  efficient  "Keith  Fan"\s  used. 

This  Fan  is  made  to  meet  the 
severest  requirements  of  operation, 
producing  a  constant  temperature  and 
varied  air  volume  according  to  your 
needs.  It  is  built  and  constructed  under 
the  latest  and  most  approved  plan  and 
in  addition  commends  itself  to  the 
economical  on  account  of  its  service 
and  durability. 

See  OUT  new  Catalogue  No.  55. 

Sheldons  Limited,  Gait,  Ont. 

TORONTO  OFFICE,  609  KENT  BUILDING 
AGENTS  : 
Messrs.  Ross  &  Greig,  412  St.  James  St.,  Montreal,  Que. 
Messrs.  Walkers  Ltd.,  261  Stanley  St.,  Winnipeg,  Man. 

Messrs.  Gorman,  Glancey  &  Grindley  Ltd.,  Calgary  and  Edmonton,  Alta. 
Messrs.  Robt    Hamilton  &  Co  ,  Ltd.,  Vancouver    B.C.,  (Bank  of  Ottawa  Bldg.) 


ECONOMY  IN  YOUR- 


X-RAY  WORK 


EVERY  good  hospital  manager  is  interested  in  improving  the  standing  of  the 
X-Ray  Department,  and  thereby  the  standing  of  the  hospital,  through  the 
better  diagnosis  possible   on  important  cases.      Our  new  MILLIAMPERE 
SECOND     TECHNIQUE    is    the    greatest    advance    in     Radiography    in    years. 
Thoroughly  tested  by  well-known  men  for  months,  it  eliminates  guesswork  entirely. 
INSURES  ECONOMY.       Novice  or  expert  can  make  every  plate  a  valuable 
diagnostic  one.     NO  DUPLICATES  NECESSARY. 
This  means  money  saved  to  your  institution. 

Being  based  on  known  laws  of  the  chemical  effect  of  X-Rays,  one  milliampere 
second  exposure  producing  a  definite  chemical  change  in  a  Paragon  X-Ray  plate, 
proper  exposures  can  be  determined  in  advance,  and  the  highest  grade  of  radi- 
ography produced  with  any  type  of  apparatus. 

No  excuse  for  failures  or  poor  work  now,  if  PARAGON  TECHNIQUE 
is  used. 

Now  ready  for  free  distribution  to  all  radiographers. 

Send  your  radiographer's  name  for  a 
free  copy,  and  see  that  it  is  followed. 
Why  not  have  the  best  work  ? 

Make  the  other  fellow  try  to  produce 
work  equal  to  that  done  at  your  hospital. 

Geo.  W.  Brady  &  Co. 

773  S.  Western  Avenue,  Chicago,  111. 
Stock  carried  by  INGRAM  &  BELL,  Limited,  Toronto 


PHILLIPS'  MILK  OF  MAGNESIA 


"  The  Perfect  Antacid  " 

icid    Conditions — Local    or    Systemic.       V 
Iodides,  Balsams,  Etc. 

Of  Advantage   in   Neutralizing  the   Acid   of  Cows'  Milk   for   Infant  and  Invalid   Feeding. 


For    Correcting    Hyperacid    Conditions — Local    or    Systemic.       Vehicle    for    Salicylates, 

Iodides,  Balsams,  Etc. 


Phillips'  Phospho-Muriate 
of  Quinine  compound 

N on- Alcoholic   Tonic  and  Reconstructive 

With  Marked  Beneficial  Action  upon  the  Nervous  System.     To  he  relied  upon  where 
a   deficiency   of   the   Phosphates   is   evident. 

THE  CHAS,  H,  PHILLIPS  CHEMICAL  CO. 

LONDON     •     NEW  YORK 

Canadian    Representatives :    The  Wingate    Chemical   Co.,  Ltd.,    545    Notre    Dame    W., 
Montreal,  who  will  be   pleased   to   send  samples   upon   request. 


SIi^  (©ffirial  ©rgau  of  (Ei^t  (fiaua&tan  Ifnspttal  AsHDriation 


THE 


■  iiji.,j  "BESSBBB^^— ^^W        ^^1 


..-/^. 


^ 

mha; 

-'■*^-^J    50.C- 

R 

L 

f..    PER,-: 

Vol.  X  (XXI)  Toronto,  August,  1916  No.  2 

CONTENTS 

EI>ITOKIAI.S.  WAR     HOSFITAI.S. 

Page  Page 

A  Xew  Hospital  Unit    33  rpj^g  Canadian  Army  .Medical  Service     4S 

New  Hospital  Associations    35         Epsom   Hospital   is   Unique    53 

Reflections  of  a  Medical  Teacher...      35  rphe       King's       Canadian       Hospital, 

The   American   Medical   Association.      3.S  Bushey   Park                                                 5G 

The   Trend   of    the   Public    Health...      39  Another   Hospital  VoV  Canadians'.  !!  .'      5b 

OBI6INAI.    CONTRIBUTIONS.  „.„. 

CANADIAN  HOSFITAI.S. 

Hospital    Efficiency   from    the   Stand- 
point of  the   Efficient   Expert.     By                 ^ew  Ontario  Ho-ptal  for  the  Insane 
Frank  B.  Gilbreth,  Providence.  R.I.      4  2  at  Whitby    57 


JK;  ▼*^^. 


Fellows^  Compound  Syrup 
of  Hypophosphites 

1866-1916 

Not  a  new-born  prodigy  or  an  untried 
experiment,  but  a  remedy  whose  useful- 
ness has  been  fully  demonstrated  during 
half  a  century  of  clinical  application. 

For  50  Years  The  Standard 

It    Syr.  Hypophos.  Comp.  FELLOWS' 

p      .  ^^  Cheap   and    Inefficient   Substitutes 

^%  Preparations  "Just  as  Good" 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  the  Parliament  of  Canada,  in  the  year  one  thousand  nine  hundred  and  twelve, 
by  the  Publishers  at  the  Department  of  Agriculture.     All  rights  reserved. 


LISTERINE 

A  safe,  non- poisonous,  unirritating  antiseptic  solution 

LISTERINE  embodies  a  two-fold  antiseptic  effect,  in  that  after  the  evaporation  of  its 
volatile  constituents — thyme,  eucalyptus,  mentha,  gaultheria  and  ethyl  alco- 
hol— a  film  of  boracic  and  benzoic  acids  remains  upon  the  surface  to  which 
Listerine  has  been    applied,  affording  more  prolonged  antiseptic  protection. 

LISTERINE  is  a  trustworthy  surgical  dressing  ;  it  has  no  injurious  effect  upon  the  tissues  in 
which  the  healing  process  is  going  on. 

LISTERINE  in  proper  dilution  is  useful  in  the  treatment  of  abnormal  conditions  of  the 
mucosa  and  forms  a  suitable  wash,  gargle  or  douche  in  catarrhal  conditions  of 
the  nose  and  throat. 

LISTERINE  in  teaspoonful  doses  will  often  afford  relief  in  fermentative  dyspepsia  and  is 
largely  prescribed,  with  excellent  results,  in  the  various  forms  of  diarrhoea 
occurring  in  infants  and  adults. 

LISTERINE  literature,  including  special  pamphlets  upon  Disorders  of  Digestion  and 
Respiratory    Diseases,    may    be    had,    by    physicians,    upon    application    to 

LAMBERT   PHARMACAL   COMPANY 

St.  Louis.  Mo.,  U.S.A. 

Church  and  Gerrard  Sts.  Toronto,  Canada. 


Is  3'our  estate  properly 
protected? 

No  matter  how  little  or  how  much  you  own,  these 
possessions  make  up  your  estate,  and  should  be  pro- 
tected by  efficient  and  economical  management. 
This  can  best  be  done  by  an  Executor  or  Trustee. 
This  Company,  by  acting  in  this  capacity,  will  give 
your  estate  the  benefit  of  experience  gained  In  the 
management  of  many  estates,  of  large  and  of  only 
moderate  size,  and  will  scrupulously  guard  the  in- 
terests of  your  heirs. 

No  charge  for  drawing  up  your  will  when  the  Sterling 
Trusts  Cori)oration  is  appointed  your  executor  and 
trustee. 

Our  officers  will  give  you  further  information  on 
request. 

Sterling  Trusts 

coRPORAnriaN 

W.  S    OINNICK  HERBERT  WAODINGTON 

80  KING  ST. EAST   ''Vi^TlT''  TORONTO; 


Aug.,  1916  THE   HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Ether  for  Anaesthesia 

HARTZ 

AN  ETHER  SPECIALLY  PREPARED 
AND  PURIFIED  FOR  ANAESTHESIA 

By  a  new  process  invented  by 
PROF.  G.  MICHAELIS 

This  new  process  enables  us  to  place  with  the 
Profession  an  Ether  far  superior  to  any  Ether  hereto- 
fore sold.  By  it,  impurities,  which  have  up  to  the 
present  been  found  in  small  quantities  in  the  best 
ethers,  have  been  entirely  eliminated. 


A  SIMPLE  TEST  MAY  BE  APPLIED  TO 
PROVE  THE  SUPERIORITY  OF  OUR  ETHER 

If  10-CC  of  our  Ether  be-shaken  with  1-CC  of  Nessler's 
reagent,  the  reagent  will  not  show  more  than  a  faint 
opalescence  ;  while  if  the  same  test  is  applied  to  other 
ethers  the  reagent  will  at  once  turn  dark,  due  to  the 
impurities  which  they  contain. 

We  Guarantee  the  Quality  of  Our  Ether 
and  Solicit   Your   Trial  Order 

SPECIAL  HOSPITAL  PRICES  FOR  QUANTITY 

THE  J,  F.  HARTZ  CO.,  LTD. 

Physicians'  and  Hospital  Supplies 

TORONTO  CANADA 


When   writiiiii   advciUseis,    please   mention   The   Hospital    World. 


11 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Aug. 


1916 


:' I  iiiiiiiiiii  11  tiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiuiiiiiiliiniiiiit  unit  111111111(111  iiiiiiiiiiitiiriiii  II  ttiiiiiit  limit  I  mil  t< 


No.   106.  I 

Strong,  substantial,  heavily  silver-      f 
plated,  highly  polished.  i 

iniiiiiiijiMMiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii(itiiiiiiiuiiitiiiiiitiiiitFiiiniiiitiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii,= 


PHYSICIANS  KNOW 


that  the  days  of  the  common  Drinkine  Cup  are  passed 
and  gone.  One  of  the  marked  advances  in  Sanitation 
during  the  past  year  or  two  is  the  introduction  of  the 
Single  Service  Sanitary  Drinking  Cup  as  a  guarantee 
against  infection  from  many  types  of  Communicable 
Disease.  Not  only  Members  of  tne  Profession,  but 
all  Public  Institutions,  including  Hospitals,  should 
acquaint  themselves  with  the  merits  of 

The  Vortex  System 

which  dispenses  entirely  with  the  washing  and  steriliz- 
ing of  Glasses  and  Chinaware,  The  VORTEX  SYSTEM 
is  unquestionably  the  most  Sanitary  in  exis'ence  and  has 
already  the  endorsement  of  a  large  number  of  Health 
Authorities.  It  may  be  said  without  fear  of  contradic- 
tion that  it  meets  the  requirements  of  all  Sanitary  Laws 
in  reference  to  the  PREVENTION  of  THE  SPREAD 
OF  DISEASE. 

The  cups  are  made  of  pure  white  rice  paper,  paraf- 
fined, and  the  initial  cost  is  trifling.  Once  installed  in 
an  institution,  the  System  will  never  be  substituted. 
The  cups  are  made  for  either  hot  or  cold  drinks  and 
once  used  are  immediately  discarded. 

You  are  asked  to  write  for  particulars. 

Canadian 
Wm.   A.  Rogers  Limited 

570  King  Street  West     -     -     Toronto 


ftoc'k'ifeVT°/  °M    DOLL.-Over  5  feet  tail,  made  of  finely  woven 
stockinet.  Is  durable,  waterproof  and  sanitary.  Has  copper  Reservoir 

.le'to^reu'r^rb'"'"  'J^^-i.-^i^'o  i^-  corresponding  inTocftion  and 
Mze  to  the  urethra,  vaginal  and  rectal  passages. 


The  Chase  Hospital  Doll 

For  Use  in  Training  Schools 

Adult  size,  also  infant  models,  2,  4 
and  12  months,  and  4-year-old  sizes. 

Chase  dolls  are  well  made  of  cloth, 
jointed,  and  painted  with  waterproof 
paint,  with  internal  reservoirs. 

The  Value 

of  this  substitute  of  a  living  model  is 
found  in  the  many  practical  lessons 
which  can  be  taught  in  the  class  room, 
such  as  handling  of  patients,  admin- 
istering enema,  douching,  probing  in 
the  ear  and  nose  cavities— in  short, 
the  complete  care  of  the  patient. 


We  make  dolls  with- 
out reservoir  i  f  desired . 
Send  for  illusti-ated 
booklet  giving  ful 
particulars. 


M.  J.  CHASE 

22  Park  Place,   PawtucketR.I., 


When  writing  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital   World. 


Aug.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


111 


HEADQUARTERS    FOR 

OFFICERS'  KHAKI  UNIFORMS 

AND  EQUIPMENT  FOR 

ARMY    MEDICAL    CORPS. 

WARRANTED  Correct  in  Design  and  Fit  at  Reasonable  Prices 


DOCTOR'S  HOSPITAL  SUITS 
HOSPITAL  LINEN 


THE      MILLER      MANUFACTURING,     LIMITED, 

44-46     YORK     STREET  -  -  TORONTO,     ONTARIO 

Uniform  Contractors  to  the  Dominion  and  Imperial  Governments. 

When  Enquiring  be  sure  to  Specify  what  you  are  Particularly  Interested  in. 


MEDICAL  COUNCIL 
OF  CANADA 

« 

October    Examinations,    1916 

The  Fall  examinations  of  the 
Aiedical  Council  of  Canada 
will  be  held  at  Montreal  and 
Halifax  on  October  10th.  1916. 

Forms  of  certificate  may  be 
obtained  from  the  Registrar 
at  any  time. 

Registration  for  the  October 
Examination  will  close  promptly 
at  the  Registrar's  Office  in 
Ottawa,  on  September  12th, 
1916.       

R.W.  POWELL,M.D.,Registrar 

180  Cooper  St.,  Ottawa 


TIk' 
rcaso 
wnvs 


Junket 

^^^    MADE    WITH      MILK 

history,  orifiin  ami  makin<;    ot  .  i:    kct,  the 

ns  for  its  unusually  high  nutrilive  value  i.no  thcvarious 
which  it  inav  be  prescribed  or  used,  are  briefly  set 
forth  in  an  intercstinE  treatise. 
"  Junket  in  Dietetics,"  pre- 
pared especially  for  the  pro- 
fession. 

Send  For  This 
Helpful  Booklet 

— even  if  you  are  familiar  with 
Junket.  A  discussion  of  Ren- 
net Ferment  by  those  em- 
ployed in  producine  il  for  over 
h  '.If  a  century,  will  prove  in- 
tcrcstinir  and  helpful.  Sent 
froe  with  samples  of  Junket, 
up  in  request. 
Sold  by  druKeisls  or  srocers  or  directly  by  us 
t'^  <he  profession  at  75c.  per  IQO  tablets. 

Chr.  Hansen's  Laboratory 
Helen  St..  LITTLE  FALLS.  N.Y, 

lllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!lllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII^ 


When   writing   advertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital  World. 


IV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


Au^'.,  1916 


THE  "TARBOX"  DRY-DUSTING  MOPS 

Chemically    Treated  — No    Oil    to     Soil- 
Destroy  Nothing  Except  the  Drudgery  of  the 

DAILY  DUSTING 

The  chemical  action  causes  the  Mop  to  absorb  just  sufficient 
dampness  from  the  Atmosphere  to  collect  and  hold  the  dust 
while  working- Do  not  flit  the  dust— Do  not  smear  or  dissolve 
the  floor  wax  as  oils  do. 

"  Tarbox  "  Dry-Dusting  Mops  are  not  Dry  Mops. 
Note  the  distinction. 

The  whole  room  may  be  dusted 
without  fear  of  smearing  or  soil- 
ing anything — Paper,  Bases  or 
Mats. 

Every  dusting  adds  that  desired 
jsheen  to  waxed  floors. 

The  essential  chemical  used  is 
a  germicide. 

Made  in  Canada 
Sold  in  Foreign  Countries 

Manufactured  by  TARBOX  BROS.,  TORONTO,  CANADA 

Sole  Factors  for  the  United  Kingdoms  :  J.  &  A.    McFarlane,  Ltd.,   Glasgow,   Scotland 


"NO     BETTER     ATMOSPHERE     IN     THE     WORLD     FOR    A 
CONSUMPTIVE   THAN   THAT   OF   YOUR    OWN     MUSKOKA." 

Sir  Wm.  Osier,  distineuished  Canadian,  now  Regius  Professor  of  Oxford  University  formerly  of  Baltimore,  Md. 


Regular  Rates 

$12  to  $15 

per  week 


Special     Rates 

For  Bed 
Patients  in 
Separate 
A  c  c  o  m  ™ 
modation 


MUSKOKA  COTTAGE  SANATORIUM 

Gravenhurst  -  .  .  Ontario,  Canada 

For  booklet  apply  to  W.  B.  KENDALL.  M.D..  CM..  L.R.C.S..  L.R.C.P;.  Fhysician-in-Chief. 


When   writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Aug.,  1016 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


n 


Where  Sanatogen  is  Made 

AsSanatogen  is  now  so  widely  prescribed  in  Canada, 
physicians  will  be  interested  to  knowthat  the  whole 
supplies  for  Great  Britain  and  the  Colonies  are 
manufactured  at  our  British  factory.  This  factory 
was  established  in  1908  at  Penzance,  where  the 
Cornish  pasture-lands  lie  open  to  the  Atlantic 
breezes,  and  a  view  of  it  is  given  above.  Only  British 
labour  is  employed  there,  and  all  the  ingredients 
are  obtained  in  Great  Britain. 


In  the  words  of  Sir  Charles  A. 
Cameron,  C.B.,  M.D.,  President  of 
the  Royal  Institute  of  Public  Health, 
London:  "Sanatogen  is  an  excellent 
nerve  food,  of  the  highest  nutritive 
value,  containing  a  large  amount  of 
organic  phosphorus,  which  is  offered 
to  the  tissues  in  exactly  the  form  in 
which  it  can  be  easily  absorbed." 

The  value  of  Sanatogen  has  been 
thoroughly  established  by  fifteen 
years'  clinical    use,    anil    it    was    the 


only  preparation  among  tonics  and 
nutrients  which  received  the  Grand 
Prix — the  highest  possible  reward — at 
the  International  Metlical  Congress, 
London, 1913. 

The  efficiency  of  Sanatogen  depends 
entirely  on  unitjue  processes  of  manu- 
facture, which  are  known  only  to 
the  Sanatogen  Company ;  aTid  no 
other  preparation  has  the  same  com- 
position or  effects. 


The  Sanatogen  Co.,  London  (England),  Sydney, 
Cape  Town,  and  Shanghai 


When  writing  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


VI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


Aug.,  1916 


CATALOGUE  "C" 

-^^lli       write:   for  iT,t 
FOI^pOMESOR  HOSPITALS 

I^OR CARRYING  PATIENTS  UPOR  DOWN  STAIRS, 
CAN  ALSO  BE  USED  ON  THE  LEVEL 
BY  DETACHING  CARRYING  BARS, 
MAKES  A  FIRST  CLASS 

LIBRARY  VERANDAH 
ORSMOKINGROOMCHAIR 

■HE  n 

SJDRON 
FGCO. 

LIMITED 


RONTQ 


COWAN'S  COCOA 

IS  ABSOLUTELY  PURE 


As  a  sick-room  beverage 
Cowan's  Cocoa  is  highly 
recommended  on  account 
of  its  high  quality  and 
absolute  purity.  It  is  made 
of  the  best  selected  cocoa 
beans,  scientifically  blend- 
ed, and  contains  no  for- 
eign elements.  And  it  is 
prepared  in  a  large  modern 
factory  where  the  most 
sanitary  conditions  are 
maintained. 


THE  COWAN  CO.,  LIMITED 

TORONTO 


Made  in  Canada 

SEED  X-RAY  PLATES 

Absolute  uniformity  of  emulsions ;  remark- 
able gradation  aiid  detail  (which  is  more 
essential  than  mere  contrast),  accuracy  and 
extreme  speed,  are  some  of  the  qualities  that 
make  Seed  X-Ray  Plates  ideal  in  diagnostic 
work. 

For  Sale  b^  all  Supp/y  Houses 
Leaflet  by  mail  on  request 

CANADIAN    KODAK  CO.,   Limited 

TORONTO.  CANADA 


When  writing  aclvertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Aug..  1!>16 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


VI 1 


Attention  of  Canadian  Hospitals 


We  are 
manufactur- 
ers of  Metal 
Hospital 
Furniture 
of  all  kinds. 

Wheel 
Apparatuses 

Cabinets 
Screens,  etc. 


CANADA  FIRST 


No  matter 
how  small 
your  re- 
quirements, 
let  us  have  a 
chance  to 
g^ive  you  a 
price. 


THE  METAL  CRAFT  CO, 

GRIMSBY,  ONTARIO,  CANADA 


*  I  'HE  impurity  and  scarcity 
of  drinking  water,  so 
general  in  Europe,  means  suf- 
fering for  our  soldiers,  which 
can  be  greatly  relieved  by 

Adams' 

Tutti  Frutti 

Gum 

Tutti  Frutti  is  refreshing,  keeps 
the  mouth  moist,  and  its  five 
mellow  flavors  give  the  variety 
which  soldiers  crave.  This  is 
good  to  remember  and  to 
suggest  to  your  friends. 


When   writing-  advertisers,   please  mention   Tlie   Hospital   World. 


Till 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


Aug.,  1916 


"RITE"NURSER 


(Cop))righl  applied  for) 


Note  the 

Lip. 

holds  the 

Nipple. 


Full 
Capacity. 


Graceful 
Lines. 


No  Sharp 
Corners 


Why  buy 

the  old  3 

Star 

Nurser 

when  you 

canbuythe 

RITE 

bottle  at 
the  righl 

price  ? 
Packed  1 
gross  to 

a  case. 
Order  Now 


The  Richards  Glass  Co.,  Limited 

TORONTO      Phone  Adel.  576      CANADA 

"  The  Home  of  the  Rigo  Line" 


NURSES'  AGENCY 

Physicians  should  note  that  I  am  prepared 
to  supply  Graduate,  Undergraduate  and 
District  Nurses,  at  any  hour,  night 
or  day.  I  use  the  greatest  of  care  to  supply 
only  women  of  unquestioned  reputation  and 
ability. — A  trial  call  solicited. 

9  a.m.  to  5.30  p.m. 
Telephone  Main  1507 

Nights,  Sundays  and  Holidays, 
Telephone  Park.  5320 

H.  S.  DAVEY 

163 '4  Church  St.  Toronto 


Members  of 

THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION 

desirous  of  getting  rid  of  the  worry  of  book- 
keeping and  who  have  not  had  the  time  to  give 
the  attention  necessary  for  the  successful  collec- 
tion   of    their    accounts,    should    call    upon 

H.  R.  Heyes  &  Company 

59  YONGE  ST.,  TORONTO 

Messrs.  Hpyes  iSc  Co.  are  prepared  to  attend  to  all  such 
details,  not  only  the  actual  collection  of  the  accounts  ;  but, 
through  a  special  system  of  their  own,  attend  to  all  book-keeping 
and  records,  mailing  of  monthly  statements,  etc.,  etc. 

The  firm  will  be  very  glad  to  hear  from  physicians,  and,  on 
receipt  of  a  post  card  or  phone  message,  will  call  upon  the  Doctor 
at  his  office  at  any  convenient  hour. 

The  Telephone  No.  is  "M.  4962" 


When   writinET  advertiser.?,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Aug.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


IX 


A  Reliable  Disinfectant 

Piatt  s  Cnloriaes  nas  a  record  or 
over  tnirty-six  years,  ana  nas  the 
endorsement  or  the  medical  pro- 
lession. 

A  poM'ertul  disinrectant  ana  de- 
odorant 'wnicn  destroys  germs  and 
bad  odors. 

Is  absolutely  Odorless  and  does 
not  cover  one   odor  witn  anotner. 

f^hlorides 

TIlG      0€lOI*lGSS 

IDlsinrGc-taTx-b 

T-wo  Sizes — 25c.  and  50c. 

Sold  everywtere. 

Write  for  booklet  to  the  manufacturer 

HENRY  B.  PLATT,  51  Cliff  St. 

NEW  YORK  CITY 


A  Pleased  Patient 

IS  a  sure  result  whenever  or 
wherever  PLUTO  WATER 
has  been  recommended  for  con- 
stipation, obstinate  gastro-intes- 
tinal  disturbances  and  dyspepsia. 

The  Evidence 

consists     of    thou- 
sands  of    patients 
who  have    enjoyed 
the    remarkably 
beneficial    results 
from  a  therapeutic 
regimen  including   the  daily  use 
of  PLUTO  WATER. 
Samples,   clinical   data,   and  in- 
teresting literature  describing  the 
hygienic   methods   employed    in 

bottling  PLUTO  WATER 

mailed  on   request. 

PLUTO 

Bottled  by  tKe  FRENCH  LICK  SPRINGS  HOTEL  CO. 

French   Lick,  Indiana 


In  order  to  tuild  up  a  patient  s  strengtli  after  ill- 
ness, from  wnatever'cause,  increase  tne  naemoglobin 
in  tne   red    blood   corpuscles   by    prescribing 

O'Keefe's  Old  Stock  Ale 
Pilsener    Lager 

Extra  Mild  Stout 

Tnese  malt  preparations  will  increase  appetite,  kelp 
the  patient  to  sleep  and  rapidly  bring  him  back  to 
normal   health. 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


X 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


An  Li'.,  IIIIG 


TTz-^QPTTT  A  T       TrOTTIPlVrF'"\IT       The  New  General  Hospital  of  Montreal,  and  scores 
Jj^^-^i^J^J^  J^ -^^     riiyuxiTiVXi^i-^l  X        ^^    other    Canadian    Hospitals,    are    equipped    with 

■'  Alaska  "  Beds  and 

OSTERMOOR    MATTRESSES 

They  last  a  lifetime,  and  are  absolutely  satisfactory.     More  sanitary  than  hail — for  less  monev. 


THE  ALASKA  FEATHER  AND  DOWN  CO.,  Limited 


Montreal  and  Winnipeg 


GERMICIDAL  SOAP 

For  Hospital  use,  the  Soap  par  excellence. 

For  preparing  antiseptic  solutions  (no  weighing,    measuring 
or  waste). 

For  sterilizing  hands,  instruments  and  site  of  operation. 

For  cleansing  wounds  (bruises,  abrasions,  ulcers,  etc.). 

For  disinfecting  surface  lesions. 

For  lubricating  sounds  and  specula.     It  does  not  af?ect  nickel 
or  steel  instruments,  but  acts  on  silver  or  aluminum. 

Germicidal  Soap  lends  itself  to  a  hundred  uses  in  the  Hospital. 
Our  word  and  reputation  are  back  of  its  worth. 

Sample  with  descriptive  literature  sent  on  request. 

PARKE,   DAVIS  CSi.   CO. 

WALKERVILLE  ONTARIO 

Eastern  Depot— 118  St.  Paul  Street  W.,  Montreal,   Quebec. 


"When   writing   advertisers,    please   mention   The    Hospital    World. 


Aim-.,  19 IG 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XI 


SEAL 
BRAND 


Coffee — 
that  "will  make 
your  household 
happy; your 
guests  grateful; 
yourself  enthu- 
siastic* 


In  %,  1  and  2  pound  cans. 
Whole  —  ground  —  pulverized  — 
also  Fine  Ground  for  Percolators. 


CHASE  &  SANBORN,  MONTREAL. 

159 


The  Soap 
for  health 


Better  to  be 

safe  than 

sorry — 

wash  with 

LIFEBUOY 
SOAP 

ITS  choice  oils 
give  a  smooth 
velvety  lather 
that  soothes  while 
it  cleanses  the  skin 
— Its  mild  carbolic 
solution  means  no 
germs.  The  odor 
does  not  cling,  but 
vanishes  a  few 
seconds  after  use. 

Grocers  sell  Lifebuoy 
Healthy  Soap 


lbl4 


> 


*^'<iy*S 


4 


ST5^ 


When    writing-  advertisers,    please   mention    'i'l^e    Hospital     .vorUl. 


Xll 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Aug.,  1916 


To  Lysol  Buyers 


THE  attention  of  the  Hospitals  is  respectfully 
called  to  this  FACT,  that  when  in  need 
of  the  above  they  can  procure  an  article 
identical  to  Lysol,  under  the  name  of  "  Solyol," 
which  is  manufactured  in  Canada  and  is  guaranteed 
by  Bacteriological  and  all  other  tests  to  be  identical 
to   Lysol. 

They  also  manufacture  Polusterine,  the  only  non-poisonous 
disinfectant  on  the  market  with  the  same  Rydal  Walker  co- 
efficient as  the  above.  This  is  a  medicinal  article  prepared 
from  the  essential  oil  of  the  pine  (Pinus  Palustris)  with 
Eucalyptol,  Oil  of  Thyme,  etc.;  is  miscible  in  water  to  any 
strength  desired  and  has  the  pleasant  odor  of  the  pine.  Will 
dry  up  Poison  Ivy  and  Scaly  Eczema  in  from  four  to  eight 
days.  Contains  neither  Soap  nor  Rosin.  Ideal  for  bathing 
patients  recovering  from  contagious  diseases. 

SAMPLES  AND  LITERATURE  WILL  CHEERFULLY 
BE    FURNISHED    ON    APPLICATION    TO  THE 

POLUSTERINE   PRODUCTS  CO.  OF  CANADA 

Toronto,  Ont. 


12  Rats  Caught  in  One  Day. 


Catcher  Resets  Itself. 


Rats  and  Mice  Eat  the  Meat  out  of  Oats  and  Corn  and  Horses 

get  the  Husk. 

Caught    51    Rats    One  Week 

i.MiiiiiiiiniuuiiiiiiiiniiiitiinMiiiiiiiitiiiiHniiiiiiiiiiniitniiiiniiiMiiniiiiiiiiMniiiti<iHiiiniiuiiinuiiMiMtiiMMHMriiiiHiiiiMiiMiiniiMiiiiiiiuniiiiiiiiMiii^ 

Trap  resets  itself.    22  inches  high.    Will  | 

last  for  years.      Can't  get  out  of  order.  | 

Weighs  7  pounds.    12  rats  caught  one  day.  I 

Cheese  is  used,  doing  away  with  poi-sons.  | 

This  trap  does  its  work,  never  fails  and  | 

is  always  ready  for  the  next  rat.     When  I 

rats  and  mice  pass  device  they  die.     Kats  | 

are    disease    carriers,   al.'-o    cause    fires.  I 

These  catchers  should  be  in  every  hospital  1 

and  school  building.   Eat  catcher  sent  pre-  | 

paid  on  receipt  of  $3.     Mouse  catcher,  10  | 

ins.  high,  .$1.     Money  back  if  not  satistied.  I 


itiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiitiiiitiiiiiiuiiiiiiitiiniiiniiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiMiiirii.iiiir 


H.  D.  SWARTS  Ma'nuTturer  Box  566,  Scranton,Pa. 

Universal  Rat  and  Mouse  Traps 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Aug.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Xlll 


The  Largest  Hospitals 


Made 

in 

Canada 


have  proved 


t  FLOOR 

WAX 


Full 

Net 

Weight 


Saves  money  and  labor,  giving  best 
satisfaction. 

Especially  adapted  for  cork 
linoleum,  composition  and  hard- 
wood floors. 

Write  for  prices  and  one  pound 
tin  free  for  trial. 

Manufactured  by 

COOKE  &  BOULTON,  '°|o'5!y„|'o  ^ 


DOCTOR 


IN   CASES   OF 


Delayed  Convalescence  or 
for  Patients  in  Need  of  an 
Invigorating   Tonic 

PRESCRIBE 

Puritan  Invalids' 
Port  Wine 

It  is  made  from  Canadian 
Grapes  and  medicated  with 
Cinchona  Bark.  Procur- 
able   from    any    druggist. 

Price  One  Dollar  a  Quart  Bottle 

PURITAN  WINE  CO.,  TORONTO 

Telephone  Park.  5454 


La  Deesse 
Corsets 

Excel  in  Style 

Comfort 

Satisfaction 


Try  them  and  be 
convinced. 


ROGEI 
TABLETS 

Correct 


Sample  On  Kequest 
Bristol' Myers  Co. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


TABLETS 


mouno  M  wuwKM 
iWIMtt5WWf 

tftoonyHtayt  viM 


When   writing  advertisers,    please   mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XIV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


Aug.,  191G 


"PROCTOR : — In  this  age  the  critical  and  progressive 
^^  Doctor  has  a  keen  appreciation  for  that  which  is 
giving  quick  results. 

JAMUN  COMPOUND  IN  DIABETES 

IS    SPECIFIC    IN    ACTION 

A  modern  product,  strictly  ethical.  Literature  will 
be  sent  to  members  of  the  Medical  Profession  upon 
application. 

The  National  Drug  and  Chemical  Company  are 
the  wholesale  distributing  agents  for  Canada. 

THE    JAMUN    COMPANY 
343-344  Loeb  Arcade,        -        -         Minneapolis,  Minn. 


SANITARY  WASHING   APPLIANCES 

Manufactured    by 

CANADA  WIRE  AND  IRON  GOODS  CO.,  HAMILTON 


Illustrating  our  HOLDER  AND  BASKETS  for  Sterilizing  Glasses  and  Silverware 

This  type  of  cquiDinent  is  in  use  at  the  Guelph  Agricultural  Co'Ickc.  ISQUIRIES    SCLICITFI) 

We  Manufacture  METAL   LOCKERS  and   HOSPITAL  TABLES 


Invalid  Chairs  and  Tricycles 

OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION 

This  has  been  our  study  for  thirty-five  years.  "We  build  chairs 
that  suit  the  requirements  of  any  case.  If  your  dealer  cannot 
supply  you,  write  us  direct  for  catalogue  No.  80,  and  prices. 


GENDRON  WHEEL  CO., 


-TOLEDO,  O.,  U.S.A. 


Wlipn   writing  advertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Aug.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


XV 


Ingram 

& 

Bell 

LIMITED 

TORONTO 

J 

OurSundryCatalog 
awaitsyour  request 

H 

ospital  Supplies 

Sole  A_^ents  for 

BRAMHALL  DEANE 

HIGH  PRESSURE  STERILIZERS 

WAPPLER  TRANSFORMERS 

and 

HIGH  FREQUENCY  APPARATUS 

Our  Specialties : 

Manufacturers  of 

HYPODERMIC  TABLETS 

COMPRESSED  TABLETS 

ELIXIRS,  OINTMENTS,  Etc. 

FULL  LINE  OF  DRUGS 

A  postal  requesting  quotations  will  receive 
immediate  attention. 

Physicians  know  that 

Hardwood  Floors  are 
Sanitary 

When  consulted  on  the  sub- 
ject, medical  men  will  be  acting 
in  their  own  interests  and  those 
of  their  patients  in  stating  that 
the  best  and  the  cheapest  hard- 
wood floors  in  Toronto  are  laid 
by 

THEO.  S.  WAYDO 

19  Goodwood  Avenue,  Toronto 

Phone  Junction  4828 

Flooring  provided  either  plain  or  orna- 
mental, tongued  and  grooved,  end 
matched  and  blind  nailed.  Prices 
complete,  waxed  and  polished,  17 
cents  per  square  foot  up. 

Remember  the    Name-^WAYDO 


For  Hospital  Sun  Rooms 


A.F:  S  M  A  L  L"S,;^-^//l^' 

IMPROVED        'il/,f'^:l''-~ 


AQUARIA 


CATALOGUES  

114  0'HARA   AVE. TORONTO: 


SAL  HEFATICA 

The  Ideal 
Saline 

EliErairaant 

In 

Rheuoiatic 
Conditions 

Bristol' Myers  Co. 
New  York 


XVI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


Aug.,  1916 


Hospital  Sheeting 
Hot  Water  Bottles 
Rubber  Tubing 
Surgeon's 

Bandages 
Umbilical  Belts 


Ice  Bags 
Atomizers 
Breast  Pumps 
Invalid  Cushions 
Operating 

Cushions 
Vaginal  Douches 


Ice  Caps 
Syringes 
Catheters 
Colon 

Tubes 
Pessaries 
Urinals 


SPECIFY  OUR  BRANDS 

We  are    the    only  Makers    of  these    Goods    in    Canada 


CANADIAN  CONSOLIDATED  RUBBER  CO. 

LIMITED 

MONTREAL  -  -  P.Q. 

28  "  Service  "  Branches  Throughout  Canada 


TIT?    A  ^  A  T      Granular 
^  rvrVOri.J^    Effervescent 

Urotropin,  Piperazine,  Benzo-Citrate  of  Lithia 


The  continual  increasing  demand  demonstrates  the 
results  Physicians  derive  from  the  use  of  this  Salt  in 
Rheumatism,  or  where  the  medicants  are  indicated. 

Free  Sample  on  Request. 


Frank    W,    Horner,   Limited 

Manufacturing  Chemists 

142  St.  Urbain  Street  -:-  Montreal 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


(Incorporating  The  Journal  of  Preventive  Medicine  and   Sociology) 

Slaronto,  QIattaba 

A    Journal    published    in    the    interests    of    Hospitals,    Sanatoria,    Asylums, 
,  Public    Charitable    Institutions     throughout    the    British     Empire. 


i£h\taXB  : 


*'  ?l^ofl}Jital  HHaintpnanrp  anb 
JFinatir*  " 

C.J.  CO.  HASTINGS.  Medical  Health 
Officer.  City  of  Toronto:  HELEN  MAC- 
MURCHY,  B.A.,  M.D.,  Assistant  Inspector 
of  Hospitals.  Province  of  Ontario  ;  and  MR. 
CONRAD  THIES,  late  Secy.,  Royal  Free 
Hospital.    London.    England. 

"  i^oapttal  tqut^tmcnt  an& 
AppltanrfB  " 

N.  A.  POWELL.  M.D„  CM..  Senior 
Assistant  Surgeon  in  charge  Shields  Emerg- 
ency Hospital,  Pro  feasor  Medical  Jurisprudence, 
Medical  Department,  University  oi  Toronto. 

fHrbirtnr  " 
J.  W.    S.    McCULLOUGH.    M.D..  Chief 

Officer  of  Health  for  the  Province  of  Ontario. 

J.  H.  ELLIOTT.  M.p..  Asst.  Medicine  and 
Clinical  Medicine,  Univ.  of  Toronto. 

p.  H.  BRYCE,  M.D.,  Chief  Medical  Officer. 
Dept.  of  The  Interior,  Otta\va. 


"  SfurBtng  Ippartinpttt  " 


MISS   MARGARET    CONROY.   Boston. 

Mass. 

"  l^oHjittal  CUnttatrurtion  " 

CHRISTIAN  R.  HOLMES,  M.D..  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio  ;  DONALD  J.  MACKINTOSH, 
M.D.,  M.VO..  Medical  Superintendent, 
NVestern  Infirmary.  Glasgo-w. 

"  fflfitral  ©rnatttEatinn  " 
HERBERT  A.  BRUCE.   M.D.,   F.R.S.C, 

Surgeon.  Toronto  General  Hosrital,  Toronto  ; 
H.  A.  BOYCE,  M.D..  Kingston,  Ont.  ;  H. 
E.  WEBSTER.  Esq..  Superintendent  the 
Royal  Victoria  Hospital,  Montreal,  P.Q.  ; 
W.  A.  YOUNG,  M.D.,  L.R.C.P.,  London. 
Consultant,  Toronto  Hospital  for  Incurables, 
Toronto, 

"  g>onnIngi} " 

J.  T.  CILMOUR,  M.D.,  Warden,  Central 
Prison,  Guelph,  Ont. 

"  JSubprruloHiH  ^attalnna  " 

GEORGE  D.  PORTER.  M.D..  Toronto  ; 
J.  H.  HOLBROOK.  M.B.,  Physician-in- 
Chief,  Mountain  Sanatorium,  Hamilton,  Ont. 


All   Communications,   Correspondence,    and    Matter    regarding    Subscriptions   and 

Advertisements    TO    BE    ADDRESSED     TO     "THE     HOSPITAL 

WORLD,"     145      COLLEGE     ST.,     TORONTO,     ONT. 

Reprints,  including  HaH-tones,  etc..  Supplied   Authors   at   Net   Cost. 


Vol.    X. 


TORONTO,  AUGUST,  1916 


No.  2 


Editorials 


A  NEW  HOSPITAL  UNIT 


The  Government  decided  a  few  weeks  ago  to  form  a 
new  Hospital  Unit,  to  take  the  place  of  what  has  been 
known  as  the  Military  Hospitals  Commission.    The 


34  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aus.,  1916 


to*  J 


new  command  will  be  a  duly  established  branch  of 
the  Canadian  Expeditionary  Force,  but  will  confine 
its  work  chiefly  to  the  care  of  convalescents  on  their 
arrival  in  Canada.  The  work  of  the  Military  Hos- 
pitals Commission  has  grown  so  of  recent  months 
and  will  doubtless  be  greatly  increased  in  the  future 
on  account  of  the  expected  heavy  casualties  when  the 
British  make  their  long-delayed  advance.  The  new 
Unit  has  been  constituted  by  Capital  Order-in-Coun- 
cil  for  the  purposes  of  administration,  discipline  and 
command.  It  will  include  ten  divisions,  one  for  each 
military  division  in  Canada.  In  each  hospital  or 
convalescent  home  there  will  be  an  ofiicer  and  sub- 
ordinates having  direction  of  its  affairs,  subject  of 
course  to  the  general  jurisdiction  of  the  Central 
Commission  in  Ottawa.  The  new  Unit  will  be  under 
the  command  of  Lt.-Col.  Sharpies  of  Quebec,  who  has 
been  in  charge  of  the  Depot  for  Returned  Soldiers 
there.  The  unit  will  co-operate  with  the  Army  Medi- 
cal Service  in  the  arrangement  and  discipline  of  the 
various  institutions  and  for  the  purpose  of  medical 
attendance  on  the  men.  It  is  expected  that  the  work 
of  this  new  organization  will  have  very  beneficial 
results  in  preventing  cases  of  hardship  and  distress 
among  returned  soldiers. 


Aug.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  35 

NEW  HOSPITAL  ASSOCIATIONS 


This  journal  has  repeatedly  advocated  the  formation 
of  hospital  associations  in  various  sections  of  the 
continent;  and  we  are  pleased  to  note  that  such  as- 
sociations are  being  formed. 

The  Catholic  sisters,  many  cf  whom  are  precluded 
from  joining  with  and  attending  outside  associations, 
are  forming  societies  of  their  own.  Quite  recently 
State  of  Ohio  hospital  workers  met  in  such  conven- 
tion. Canada  had  an  active  association  until  the  out- 
break of  the  war,  when  its  annual  meetings  were 
dropped.  We  trust  that  with  the  close  of  the  war  the 
Canadian  Association  will  revive  and  continue  its 
good  work. 

Philadelphia  has  a  society  which  has  done  some 
good  work,  particularly  in  studies  of  hospital  effi- 
ciency. Meetings  of  New  York  superintendents 
effected  a  marked  improvement  in  out-patient  work, 
and  in  dividing  the  'city  into  ambulance  districts, 
thus  preventing  much  overlapping. 

Other  states,  sections,  and  cities  will  organize  in 
the  near  future,  and  hospitals,  both  local  and  at 
large,  will  reap  advantage. 


REFLECTIONS  OF  A  MEDICAL  TEACHER 


The  address  of  Dr.  W.  J.  Councilman,  delivered  be- 
fore the  Medical  and  Chirurgical  Faculty  of  Mary- 
land,   and   reported   in   the   issue   of   the   Journal 


36  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aup„  1916 


&• 


of  the  American  Medical  Association,  June  24th, 
makes  very  entertaining  reading;  and  contains  some 
good  advice. 

During  a  period  of  many  years  as  a  teacher  of 
medical  students  in  the  subject  of  pathology,  he  has 
had  an  abundant  opportunity  of  studying  and  sizing 
up  the  medical  student. 

The  average  American  boy  of  15  is  not  so  well 
trained  as  the  same  aged  German  boy.  There  is  a 
lack  of  thoroughness  and  evidence  of  too  much  as- 
sistance in  obtaining  knowledge,  and  a  lack  of  inde- 
pendent initiative  and  self-direction. 

The  average  American  boy  has  not  been  trained 
to  observe  well,  and  lacks  in  ability  to  express  him- 
self clearly  and  with  facility.  His  handwriting  is 
indistinct  and  without  character. 

On  the  whole,  students  who  have  taken  the  A.B. 
degree  are  better  men  than  those  who  have  not  se- 
cured it. 

In  choosing  their  life-work,  students — to  Dr. 
Councilman's  regret — are  not  aiming  at  becoming 
teachers.  There  is  great  scope  for  teaching  and 
research  in  medicine,  and  these  should  go  tog<^}ther. 
The  amount  of  research,  as  instanced  by  the  massive 
reports  issued  from  time  to  time  by  certain  univer- 
sities and  institutes  is  not  an  index  of  the  value  of 
work  done. 

Speaking  of  the  handicap  many  university  pro- 
fessors are  under  who  receive  small  stipends,  the 
essayist  considers  that  it  would  be  better  if  the  uni- 


Aug.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  37 

versities  were  planted  in  a  wilderness,  where  there 
would  be  an  absence  of  social  distractions  and  a  re- 
moval of  the  temptation  to  any  professors'  wives  to 
spend  their  hard-earned  salaries  on  superfluities. 
Outsiders  might  be  charged  an  admission  fee  if  they 
wished  to  come  and  live  in  this  Utopia. 

Concerning  the  various  fields  of  endeavor  open 
to  varying  types  of  medical  students,  the  writer 
facetiously  refers  to  that  class  "  whose  work  will  be 
exclusively  in  the  care  of  that  20  per  cent,  of  the 
public  for  whom  illness  is  often  a  sad  pleasure,  prac- 
titioners who  understand  inherited  constitutions,  fat 
reduction  and  high  finance." 

Dr.  Councilman  lays  much  stress  on  laboratory 
work.  The  lecture,  of  course,  has  its  p^ace  as  a  men- 
tal recreation  and  a  stimulant.  Some  lectures  have 
aspects  which  are  not  usually  regarded  as  assets — 
those  with  the  power  of  inducing  gentle,  refreshing, 
noiseless  sleep  in  the  audience.  To  one  who  is  a 
poor  sleeper  there  conies  a  great  satisfaction  in  see- 
ing sleep  descending  upon  an  audience.  The  lec- 
turer experiences  an  exhilaration  at  the  demonstra- 
tion of  the  possession  of  a  power  which  makes  him 
akin  to  the  God  "  Who  giveth  His  beloved  sleep." 

We  commend  this  valuable  address  to  our 
readers. 


38  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  19 IG 

THE  AMERICAN  MEDICAL  ASSOCIATION 


The  meeting  of  the  American  Medical  Association, 
held  in  Detroit  in  mid-June  was  a  marked  success. 
The  registration  amounted  to  some  4,500.  The  lar- 
gest meeting  was  held  in  Chicago  some  years  since, 
with  an  attendance  of  over  6,000. 

The  programmes  were  good  in  all  sections.  Every 
doctor  is  not  allowed  the  opportunity  of  reading  a 
paper  at  this  big  meeting — only  a  select  few,  and 
these  by  special  invitation.  Our  readers  who  are 
interested  may  secure  all  the  papers  by  subscribing 
for  the  journal  of  the  Association,  which  is  published 
in  Chicago. 

A  sprinkling  of  medical  men  from  Canada  ap- 
peared. There  ought  to  have  been  more.  From 
Toronto  we  noticed  Dr.  H.  B.  Anderson,  President 
of  the  Ontario  Medical  Association ;  Dr.  R.  A.  Reeve, 
Ex.-Pres.  of  the  British  Medical  Assn. ;  Dr.  W.  H.  B. 
Aikens,  President  of  the  Toronto  Academy  of  Medi- 
cine, and  Dr.  Chas.  O'Reilly,  former  superintendent 
of  Toronto  General  Hospital.  Dr.  O'Reilly  and  Dr. 
Anderson  were  guests  at  a  dinner  given  by  Canadian 
medical  alumnas  practising  in  Michigan. 

A  radium  society  was  inaugurated  at  the  meet- 
ing, with  Dr.  W.  H.  B.  Aikens  as  first  chairman. 

The  hospital  section,  though  advertised  in  the 
earlier  prospectuses  of  the  Association,  did  not  have 
a  meeting.  It  has  become  defunct.  Last  year  at  San 
Francisco  a  mere  handful  of  medical  superintendents 


Alio-.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  39 


'&•; 


were  in  attendance ;  and  the  attendance  at  Minnea- 
polis the  year  before  was  not  large. 

The  hospital  section  of  the  American  Medical  As- 
sociation was  a  short-lived  one — existing  only  some 
three  or  four  years.  It  presented  two  or  three  credit- 
able programmes. 

This  section  appealed,  of  course,  mainly  to  doc- 
tors who  were  hospital  superintendents.  Most  of 
such  doctors  are  members  of  the  American  Hospital 
Association,  to  which  they  have  given  fine  allegiance. 
Most  of  them  doubtless  felt  that  one  meeting  a  year 
was  all  they  could  find  time  to  attend,  and  that  meet- 
ing proved  to  be  the  meeting  of  the  Hospital  Associa- 
tion rather  than  the  hospital  section  of  the  big  medi- 
cal gathering. 


THE  TREND  OF  THE  PUBLIC  HEALTH 


Recent  statistics  regarding  the  public  health  of  in- 
habitants of  Great  Britain  and  United  States  afford 
interesting  comparisons  and  give  food  for  refiection. 

In  both  countries  the  so-called  infectious,  or  com- 
municable diseases,  are  on  the  decrease  relatively, 
and  the  degenerative  diseases — diseases  of  the 
cardio-vascular  renal  systems  are  on  the  increase. 
Great  Britain  has  a  lower  rate  of  mortality  in  these 
vascular  and  kidney  lesions  than  United  States. 

It  is  gratifying  to  note  that  the  death-rate  from 
tuberculosis  is  gradually  lessening ;  and  there  is  some 
hope  for  considering  that  the  prediction  of  one  of 


40  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

to-day's  well-known  physicians,  that  tuberculosis  will 
be  stamped  out  within  fifty  years,  may  be  fulfilled. 

Decrease  in  the  death-rate  from  diphtheria  may 
be  certainly  attributed  to  the  use  of  antitoxin,  and  to 
greater  care  in  carrying  out  isolation  and  quarantine 
measures,  together  with  the  observance  of  medical 
asepsis.  The  lowering  of  mortality  statistics  in  scar- 
let fever  and  measles  may  be  put  under  the  second 
category. 

The  increase  in  degenerative  disease  is  due  to  the 
swiftness  of  the  pace  at  which  the  modern  city 
dweller  lives,  to  the  use  of  alcohol  and  tobacco ;  and  to 
the  poison  of  syphilis. 

Business  competition,  the  race  for  wealth,  and 
ambition  for  higher  social  rank,  the  desire  of  edu- 
cating the  children ;  the  hurry,  excitement,  the  noise 
and  bustle  of  modern  city  life,  all  tend  to  make  father 
and  mother  old  before  their  time.  And  age  here 
means  premature  senility — a  disease  of  arterial  de- 
generation, due  to  nerve  strain  and  intestinal  tox- 
emia. 

The  remedy  for  these  untoward  conditions  is  edu- 
cation. To  education,  we  doubt  not,  the  British  owe 
their  record  of  suffering  less  from  degenerative 
diseases  than  we.  The  Britisher  goes  later  to  work 
than  his  American  brother,  works  with  more  de- 
liberation, takes  more  time  at  his  meals,  can  break 
off  for  a  cup  of  five  o'clock  tea  (an  ordinary  right 
in  the  London  hospitals),  goes  in  more  for  sport  and 
walks.  Whoever  sees  anyone  in  America  on  a  walk- 
ing tour?    This  is  a  common  sight  in  England. 


Aug.,  1916         THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  41 

Our  schools  might  do  more  in  the  way  of  education 
in  public  health.  Instead  of  so  much  anatomy  and 
physiology,  more  talks  on  how  to  live — how  and  what 
to  eat  and  drink,  how  to  sleep,  exercise,  bathe,  attend 
to  eyes,  ears,  teeth ;  necessity  of  frequent  hand  wash- 
ing; cleaning  of  houses,  room.s,  clothing,  dishes; 
avoidance  of  infection,  and  other  simple  procedures 
which  go  to  promote  high  health  and  lessen  disease. 


THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION  :  THEIR  RELATION- 
SHIP TO  ESTATES 


Iisr  the  multiplicity  of  duties  devolving  upon  the  medical  pro- 
fession, one  of  the  most  delicate  concerns  the  confidential  re- 
lations towards  patients  who  seek  information  in  moments  of 
emergency  as  to  the  appointment  of  executors  for  the  care  or 
disposal  of  their  property. 

Members  of  the  profession  are  only  too  familiar  with  the 
human  tendency  to  procrastinate  in  the  settlement  of  personal 
affairs,  until  sickness  or  accident  make  it  imperative  that  they 
receive  immediate  attention — often  under  circumstances  when 
the  presence  of  relatives,  or  lawyers,  cannot  be  secured. 

The  attitude  of  the  profession  is  rightly  strict  upon  the 
subject  and  has  been  jealously  guarded,  but  events,  especially 
those  arising  out  of  conditions  created  by  the  war,  have  directed 
the  attention  of  medical  bodies  to  the  diiSculty  of  the  situation. 
.  Happily  in  Canada  a  course  is  open,  which,  while  meeting 
a  patient's  necessity,  will  enable  the  profession  to  place  the 
matter  in  skilled  hands  and  which  is  not  in  any  way  open  to  the 
suggestion  of  ill-advised  interference. 

Trust  companies,  registered  under  the  Trust  and  Loan  Com- 
panies' Act,  and  approved  by  the  Lieutenant-Governor  of  On- 
tario in  Council,  are  fit  and  proper  institutions  to  act  as  trustees 
and  executors. 

Full  particulars  of  these  companies  are  published  annually 
by  the  Ontario  Legislature,  and  the  names  of  any  of  them  may 
safely  be  suggested  by  a  medical  attendant  in  such  emergency, 
thus  relieving  him  from  an  embarrassing  situation  without  in 
any  way  disturbing  professional  etiquette. 


42  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

Original  Contributions 


HOSPITAL  EFFICIENCY  FROM  THE  STAND 
POINT  OF  THE  EFFICIENT  EXPERT* 


BT  FRANK  B.  GILBRETH^  PROVIDENCE,  R.I. 


Your  Chairman,  Dr.  Codman,  in  asking  me  to  come  here 
to-dav  desires,  as  yon  can  see  by  the  title  selected  for  me  hy 
him.  that  I  shall  tell  you  just  exactly  what  an  unprejudiced 
and  trained  observer  in  the  field  of  waste  elimination  thinks 
of  the  hospital  problem,  and  just  what  method  of  attack  upon 
it  he  would  advocate. 

It  is  necessary,  first  of  all,  for  me  to  state  what  an  efficiency 
expert  does  and  plans  to  do,  and,  in  the  second  place,  to  state 
just  what  hospital  efficiency  is  from  the  standpoint  of  waste 
elimination. 

ISTow,  an  "efficiency  expert,"  so-called  by  everyone  except 
the  "  efficiency  expert "  himself,  is  simply  an  engineer  who 
prefers  to  substitute  accurate  measurement  for  personal  opinion, 
judgment,  and  unscientifically  derived  conclusions,  and  who 
has  devised  units,  methods,  and  devices  of  measurement  which 
enable  him  to  measure  and  compare  the  factors  of  results  of 
problems  which  have  been  put  before  him.  He  is  not  a  man 
who  comes  to  you  with  any  ready-made  conclusions  which  are 
the  result  of  theory  only,  but  is  rather  a  man  who  comes  to 
you  with  measuring  means  for  comparing  any  performance  with 
its  plan.  You,  whatever  your  interest  in  the  hospital  problem, 
whether  you  are  doctors,  or  surgeons,  or  superintendents,  or 
trustees,  or  heads  of  nurses'  training  schools,  or  any  others  inter- 
ested in  the  problem,  are  primarily  scientists.  You  are  inter- 
ested in  facts  and  the  underlying  laws  which  the  facts  illustrate. 
All  science  is  based  on  measurement,  and  you,  above  all  people, 
know  what  we  owe  to  science  and  to  measurement.     The  prob- 

♦Delivered  before  the  Boston  Medical  Societv. 


A.ue-.,  191(3  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  43 


•& 


lem,  then,  simply  resolves  itself  into  this:  In  how  far  has  mea- 
surement been  applied  to  hospital  work  in  all  its  branches,  and 
in  how  far  have  the  results  of  measurement  been  taken  as  actual 
standards  for  ]-)ractiee  ?  How  can  we  consider  the  hospital  as 
a  factory,  and  what  methods  of  measuring  efficiency  in  the 
manufacturing  establishment  are  usable  in  a  hospital  ? 

In  considering  hospital  efficiency,  there  are  two  main  factors 
which  must  be  observed,  two  questions  which  must  be  asked. 
The  first  is,  "  What  does  this  factory,  called  a  hospital,  manu- 
facture, that  is,  what  is  the  hospital  aiming  to  do,  and  how  is 
it  going  about  to  attain  this  aim?"  The  second  question  is, 
"  Are  you  getting  the  product  as  cheaply,  as  well,  as  quickly, 
and  in  as  large  quantities  as  is  possible,  or  as  you  should  ?  " 

Now,  hospital  efficiency  may  be  stated  in  many  sorts  of 
terms,  but  to  consider  the  hospital  in  the  most  general  terms 
it  must  be  considered  as  a  "happiness  factory."  The  hospital 
is  subject  to  all  the  laws  and  processes  of  obtaining  efficiency 
in  the  manufacturing  establishment.  The  output  of  the  hos- 
pital or  the  manufacturing  product  of  the  hospital  is  Happiness 
]\rinutes,  and  the  aim  of  the  hospital  is  to  give  the  largest 
number  of  units  of  happiness  to  the  most  people,  with  the  least 
expenditure  of  time,  of  money,  and  of  effort;  or,  in  other 
words,  with  the  least  expenditure  of  energy  possible. 

We  have  to  think  of  this  product  of  happiness  in  a  twofold 
way :  ' 

1.  We  must  think  of  the  happiness  of  mankind  as  a 
whole,  that  is,  of  the  social  group,  of  everyone  concerned. 

'2.  We  must  think  of  the  liappiness  of  the  individuals 
comprising  the  group. 

Now,  the  happiness  of  the  social  group  will  be  best  gained 
by  having  each  individual  in  the  group  happy,  and  by  having 
all  these  individuals  working  together  for  the  good  of  the 
Mdiole.  In  the  factory  this  condition  is  called  "  Hearty  Co- 
operation." It  is  one  of  the  nine  fundamental  features  of 
measured  functional  management,  and  is  most  carefully  plan- 
ned for  and  maintained  by  laws  scientifically  derived  from 
experimental  psychology. 


44  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

There  is  nothing  that  corresponds  to  this  in  the  present 
management  of  any  of  the  scores  of  'hospitals  that  we  have 
surveyed.  The  problem  is  not  one  of  medicine  or  surgery.  It 
is  simply  a  problem  of  management.  I  do  not  expect  you  to 
agree  with  me  to-day.  If  you  do  not  agree  with  me,  I  suggest 
that  you  write  down  what  you  think  the  purpose  of  a  hospital 
is.  It  is  not  at  all  important  that  we  agree  among  ourselves 
to-day  as  to  what  the  fundamental  aim  is.  The  important  thing- 
is  that  the  aim  be  determined  accurately  by  a  process  of 
unbiased  analysis  and  measurement,  and  that  we  have  in  mind 
that  we  must  determine  as  exactly  as  possible  at  the  start  the 
subject  matter  of  what  we  are  trying  to  accomplish. 

Let  us  grant  for  the  moment  that  I  have  stated  the  aim 
correctly.  The  next  question  is,  "  Are  we  getting  what  we  are 
aiming  for  ?  "  'No  matter  what  your  statement  of  the  aim  may 
be,  have  you  determined  to  what  extent  you  are  succeeding 
in  doing  what  you  want  to  do?  Individual  surgeons  and  hos- 
pital superintendents  have  said,  ''  Yes,  we  have,  and  we  are 
perfectly  satisfied."  But,  if  you  have,  have  you  put  your 
results  into  such  form  that  others  may  use  them  in  a  definite 
process  of  the  transference  of  skill,  and  that  all  interested  in 
hospital  activity  may  start  in  to  improve  upward  from  the 
results  of  the  best  and  most  successful  ?  Granted  for  a  moment 
that,  as  a  group,  your  hospital  force  with  all  its  members  and 
different  lines  of  activity  is  getting  what  it  desires  to  as  great 
a  degree  as  possible,  how  about  the  individuals  comprising  the 
group?  Is  each  doctor,  nurse,  worker,  and  patient  getting  as 
much  happiness  out  of  his  work  as  he  can?  Is  he  doing  as 
efficient  work  as  he  can  ?  IsTow,  each  man  is  most  efficient  when 
he  does  that  work  which  he  can  do  best,  and  likes  to  do  best, 
for  the  greatest  per  cent,  of  his  time  possible.  The  social  group 
is  doing  its  most  efficient  work  when  every  member  of  an  organi- 
zation has  been  given  this  type  of  work,  and  has  been  relieved 
of  all  other  types  of  work,  such  work  being  given  to  those  speci- 
ally fitted  to  do  it,  and  delighted  to  do  it. 

It  is  not  my  desire  to  offer  any  but  constructive  criticism 
in  this  paper ;  but  I  feel  sure  that  I  am  not  going  too  far  when 
I  say  that  no  hospital  has  as  yet  submitted  its  aims  and  its 
methods  to  accurate  measurement,  and  that  most  hospitals  have 


Aug.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  45 

not  put  that  work  wliieh  they  have  done  in  such  form  that  it 
can  be  eflfectively  used  by  other  hospitals. 

"  But,"  you  will  say,  "  it  is  easy  to  say  that  the  hospital 
should  determine  its  actions  by  accurate  measurements.  Just 
how  would  we  go  to  work  on  the  actual  application  ?  " 

First  of  all,  then,  by  applying  the  survey  principle,  by  re- 
cording exactly  luJiat  you  are  doing,  and  hoiv,  and,  as  far  as 
possible,  luhy.  It  is  not  my  intent* on  to  attempt  ihere,  as  I 
could,  to  tell  you  what  is  done  in  applying  the  principle  of 
w^aste  elimination,  or  Scientific  Management,  to  the  industrial 
establishment;  to  translate  and  to  adapt  this  work  to  hospital 
practice,  and  to  tell  you  what  has  actually  been  done  in  the 
field  of  hospital  w^ork.  It  is  simply  my  intention  to  show  you 
in  broad  outline  that  the  underlvino;  methods  ^if  waste  elimina- 
tion,  obtaining  of  standards,  teaching,  and  transferring  of 
skill  are  applicable  to  all  fields  of  activity.  It  must  be  stated 
here,  then,  that  the  first  step  in  all  improvement  is  a  most 
careful,  painstaking,  and  accurate  record  of  present  practice. 
But  where  is  there  such  a  record  ?  We  have  been  trying  fo?^ 
three  years  to  get  some  surgeon  to  write  a  detailed  account  of 
an  operation!  This  work  of  recording  is  not  to  be  lightly 
regarded,  for  it  lies  at  the  foundation  of  all  permanent  and 
self-perpetuating  improvement.  It  is  no  secret  process.  It  is 
not  work  requiring  a  most  expert  knowledge  of  the  trade,  or 
«ven  an  expert  knowledge  of  how  to  make  a  survey.  It  is 
work  which  requires  a  fundamental  analysis  of  the  problem, 
and  an  absolute  determination  to  submit  everything  just  as  it  is 
for  an  accurate,  lasting  record  that  shall  be  un]")rejudiced,  dis- 
interested, and  scientific  in  the  highest  sense  of  that  term.  A 
preliminary  elementary  study  may  well  take  the  form  of  sup- 
plying answers  to  the  simplest  of  questions,  such  as,  "  What 
is  done?"  "Who  does  it?"  "Where  is  it  done?"  "When  is 
it  done?"  "How  is  it  done?"  Why  is  it  done?"  Are  you 
Avilling  to  submit  everything  in  your  hospital  to  this  searching 
questioning,  to  lay  the  full  record,  as  taken  down,  before  your- 
selves and  each  other,  and  to  work  out  the  solution  from  there  ? 
That  is  the  great  question  to  answer,  and,  if  you  answer,  "  Yes," 
to  this,  the  entire  solution  of  the  problem  is  simi^ly  a  matter 
-of  keeping  at  the  work. 


46  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Auff.,  11)16 


The  next  step  following  the  recording  is  applying  the  mea- 
surement to  the  records.  Naturally,  such  measurement  is 
technical  work.  In  order  to  do  it,  you  must  understand  the 
fundamentals  of  management,  and  you  must  apply  the  various 
tests  which  have  been  worked  out,  and  which  apply  to  capacity 
of  all  sorts.  It  is  right  here  that  you  must  realize  the  like- 
nesses which  underly  all  lines  of  activity.  If  this  century  is 
going  to  be  great  for  anything,  it  will  be  because  so  many  of  the 
men  of  to-day  have  the  scientific  attitude  of  mind,  are  willing 
to  put  aside  prejudices,  and  parallels,  and  platitudes,  and  mis- 
beliefs, and  standardized  blunders,  and  look  at  things  as  cold- 
blooded measurement  shows  them  on  the  chart.  It  has  been 
customary  always  to  emphasize  the  difference  between  things. 
This  is  the  day  to  look  for  the  likenesses  as  well  as  the  differ- 
ences. The  great  fundamental  thing  underlying  all  lines  of 
activity  is  the.fact  that  it  is  human  activity,  and  that  the  study 
of  the  human  being,  the  way  he  moves,  the  way  he  thinks,  the 
things  that  influence  him,  the  things  that  he  influences,  and 
his  decisions  underly  everything  that  he  does  in  every  field. 
Physiology,  psychology,  sociology — the  study  of  man  in  his 
various  aspects,  in  his  various  activities — these  lie  at  the  base 
of  it  all.  ' 

You  are  a  surgeon.  You  handle  instruments.  You  operate 
on  human  beings.  Are  you  willing  to  say  that  you  handle  tools, 
that  you  work  in  a  plant,  that  you  have  a  product  ?  You  are  a 
hospital  superintendent.  Are  you  willing  to  say  that  you  work 
in  a  plant,  that  you  route  material,  that  you  direct  function- 
alized  workers  ?  You  are  a  hospital  trustee.  Is  it  apparent 
that  you  must  aim  for  a  standardized  product,  waste  elimina- 
tion, a  "  paying  investment  "  ?  "  Yes,"  but  you  say,  "  Why 
think  of  these  things  in  these  terms?  Why  bring  out  the  com- 
parison to  the  industrial  plant?  Our  work  is  different,  is 
greater."  Or,  as  one  doctor  said  to  me,  "  We  don't  need  effi- 
ciency so  much  as  you  do  in  a  factory,  because  when  we  need 
money  we  just  go  out  and  get  it."  "  "WTiat  is  there  to  gain  by 
using  the  industrial  vocabulary  ?  " 

Simply  this,  the  industrial  world  has  been  obliged,  through 
economic  pressure,  to  go  into  the  field  of  waste  elimination ; 
and,  because  it  has  been  obliged  to  go,  has  gone ;  and,  because 


Aug.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  47 

it  lias  gone,  has  worked  out  underlying  laws  for  attaining  least 
waste,  underlying  methods  for  applying  these  laws,  most  funda- 
mental of  all,  a  realization  of  the  importance  of  measurement 
and  an  equipment  of  units,  methods  and  devices  of  measure- 
ment that  make  waste  elimination  possible.  The  results  of 
our  investigations  show  conclusively  that  you,  with  the  greater 
need  and  the  greater  education  and  the  greater  field  and  the 
work  of  greater  importance,  can  gain  results  from  measured 
functional  management,  the  magnitude  and  far-reaching  effects 
of  which  no  industry  could  hope  to  equal. 

You  have  but  one  thing  to  do,  to  see  and  accept  accurate 
measurement.  What  has  been  done  in  the  industries  is  at  your 
service.  You,  as  individuals,  are,  or  should  be,  taking  these 
results  and  going  to  work  at  your  own  problems,  but  the  big 
things  cannot  be  done  until  you  go  into  this  science  as  a  group, 
ready  to  work  each  in  his  own  line  and  all  together  for  the 
increased  efficiency  of  the  hospital.     Functionalization,  inspec- 

'  tion,  standardization,  the  right  incentive,  the  proper  teaching, 
the  least  fatigue,  the  greatest  welfare — these  are  the  results. 
At   the   root   of   them   all   lies   this   one   thing,   measurement, 

.  It  is  the  solution  of  the  problem  of  hospital  efficiency.  Time 
study,  motion  study,  the  chrono-cyclegraph,  and  micro-motion 
processes,  all  these  are  means  of  making  measurements  that  lie 
ready  to  your  hand.  The  one  great  preliminary  question  to 
be  answered  is,  "  Shall  we'  make  the  hospital  a  place  fit  for 
scientists  to  live  and  work  in  ?  Shall  we  submit  our  work  to 
measurement  and  act  on  the  results  ?  " 


48  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

War  Hospitals 

THE  CANADIAN  ARMY  MEDICAL  SERVICE 


"No  braucli  of  the  Canadian  service  has  done  more  heroic 
and  beneficial  work  in  the  present  war  than  the  Canadian  Army 
Medical  Service.  I'nheralded  and  nnsimg,'the  men  who  wore 
the  sign  of  the  Red  Cross  have  carried  out  their  duties,  and 
thousands  of  men  will  return  to  Canada  when,  with  less  care 
and  attention,  they  would  be  sleeping  in  a  soldiers'  grave.  Under 
the  expert  guidance  of  Surgeon-General  G.  L.  Jones,  the  system 
of  dealing  with  the  wounded  and  sick  has  been  perfected,  so 
that  now  from  the  time  the  brave  soldier  is  struck  down  by  the 
enemy  he  is  accorded  the  best  of  attention  and  care  until  he  is 
once  more  fitted  to  take  his  place  in  the  world.  Many  stories 
of  heroism  could  be  written  of  the  stretcher-bearers  and  medical 
ofl&cers  who,  undaunted  by  the  battle  raging  about  them,  recover 
the  wounded,  render  whatever  aid  is  immediately  required,  and 
start  them  on  the  road  to  recovery.  The  splendid  devotion  of 
the  Canadian  nursing  sisters  is  also  a  source  of  great  pride. 

In  Russia,  France,  Belgium  and  the  Mediterranean,  wher- 
ever the  Allies  are  to  be  found  fighting,  tlie  Canadian  jNledical 
Service  is  represented.  With  the  Russian  forces  the  Dominion 
is  represented  by  one  nursing  sister.  Canada  has  supplied' 4,320 
beds  and  1,264  officers,  nurses  and  men  to  the  Mediterranean 
Expeditionary  Force.  ISTo.  7  Canadian  Cavalry  Field  Ambulance 
is  serving  with  the  Indian  Cavalry  Corps.  The  total  personnel 
in  the  various  fields  is  6,935,  comprising  one  surgeon-general, 
ten  colonels,  48  lieutenant-colonels,  93  majors,  458  captains,  21 
lieutenants,  723  nursing  sisters,  and  5,528  non-commissioned 
officers  and  men.     The  total  bed  accommodation  is  14,963.* 

Major  D.  A.  Clark,  of  Toronto,  realizing  how  anxious  To- 
ronto people  must  be  regarding  the  care  of  their  loved  ones 
at  the  front  when  they  are  wounded,  prepared  the  following, 
showing  how  Canadian  casualties  are  dealt  with : 

*These    figures   were    correct    at    date    of    writinp.   but  now  may  be  subject  to 
revision. 


Aug.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  49- 

Everj  soldier  carries  in  a  special  pocket  in  his  tunic  an 
emergency  bandage;  this  is  applied  immediately  on  receiving 
the  wound,  either  by  himself  or  a  comrade. 

As  soon  as  possible  a  soldier  is  got  to  an  advanced  dressing 
station.  This  is  a  concealed  spot — a  hole  in  the  ground,  an 
old  cellar,  or  any  place  suitable  and  concealed  from  the  enemy's 
fire.  From  there  he  is  picked  up  by  the  field  ambulance,  which 
approaches  during  the  night  to  the  nearest  possible  point.  Fur- 
ther dressing  and  treatment  is  given  at  the  field  ambulance 
station  (usually  two  or  three  miles  behind  the  firing  line),  and 
as  soon  as  possible  the  casualty  is  conveyed  to  the  casualty 
clearing  station,  and  then  by  ambulance  to  a  stationary  hospital 
or  one  of  the  general  hospitals  at  the  base.  The  advanced 
points  deal  with  all  soldiers  of  the  Allies  regardless  of  nation- 
ality, race,  or  color,  the  first  consideration  being  prompt  atten- 
tion to  the  injuries  received. 

On  the  arrival  of  a  soldier  at  the  base,  or  any  intermediate 
points,  if  the  injuries  are  trifling,  and  he  is  going  to  be  well 
within  three  weeks,  he  is  sent  to  a  convalescent  company  or  a 
convalescent  camp,  and  returned  from  there  to  his  fighting 
unit.  Other  cases  are  transported,  at  the  earliest  possible 
moment  consistent  with  safety,  to  hospitals  in  Great  Britain. 
There  are  about  1,500  active  treatment  hospitals,  of  which 
the  only  Canadian  ones  are: 

The  Daughters  of  the  Empire  Hospital  for  Officers,  1  Hyde 
Park  PL,  London. 

The  Duohess  of  Connaught  Canadian  Red  Cross  Hospital, 
Taplow,  Bucks. 

Moore  Barracks  Hospital,  Shorncliife. 

The  Ontario  Military  Hospital,  Orpington,  Kent. 

Shomcliffe  Military  Hospital,  Shorncliffe. 

Beachborough  (Queen  Alexandra  Canadian  Hospital)  — 
under  Imperial  control,  but  supported  by  Canadian  War  Con- 
tingent Association. 

Soldiers  are  received  into  all  these  active  treatment  hospitals 
independently  of  the  regiment  to  which  they  belong  (nation- 
ality or  color),  so  that  a  Canadian  soldier  may  be  in  any  one 
of  the  1,500  hospitals. 


50  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

For  some  months  after  tlie  begimiing  of  the  war,  in  order 
that  soldiers  might  be  near  their  homes,  transfers  were  allowed 
to  be  made  from  one  hospital  to  another  on  the  consent  of  the 
officers  commanding  the  respective  hospitals.  It  was  foimd, 
however,  that  this  necessitated  a  very  great  amount  of  work  on 
account  of  the  number  of  these  transfers,  that  the  whole  service 
was  being  clogged,  and  the  transporting  of  wounded  soldiers 
from  overseas  into  hospital  was  seriously  interfered  with  by 
this  internal  congestion.  It  was,  therefore,  decided  that  these 
transfers  could  only  be  carried  out  imder  the  direction  of  the 
deputy  director  of  medical  service  of  each  respective  command, 
and  the  consent  of  this  officer  must  now  always  be  obtained 
before  any  transfer  can  be  carried  out. 

Canadian  soldiers  are  again  gathered  back  under  the  control 
of  the  Canadian  service  in  the  Canadian  convalescent  hospitals, 
and  all  'Canadian  soldiers  on  their  discharge  from  active  treat- 
ment hospitals  must  be  stent  to  a  Canadian  convalescent  hospital. 
These  are: 

Bearwood  Park,  Wokingham,  Berks. 

Canadian  Convalescent  Hospital,  Bromley,  with  its  beauti- 
ful annex  of  Kingswood,  Dulwich,  a  house  standing  in  thirty 
acres  of  land,  originally  the  home  of  Johnston  Levis  (Bovril), 
a  well-known  Canadian,  and  now  completely  furnished  and 
equipped  to  accommodate  ninety  convalescent  Canadian  soldiers, 
and  maintained  wholly  at  the  expense  of  the  company  and  its 
staff. 

Hillingdon  House,  LTxbridge. 

King's  Canadian  Bed  Cross  Hospital,  Bushey  Park. 

Convalescent  Hospital  (Canadian  Section),  Woodcote  Park, 
Epsom. 

And  into  these  all  sick  or  wounded  Canadian  soldiers  are 
gathered.  From  these  they  are  sent  forward  as  soon  as  possible 
to  the  Canadian  Casualty  Assembly  Centre,  Folkestone,  where 
they  appear  before  a  medical  board,  and  are  disposed  of  in 
accordance  with  their  physical  condition. 

In  addition  to  this  system  of  hospitalization  there  are  special 
Canadian  hospitals  for  treatment  of  particular  conditions.  The 
West  Cliff  Canadian  Eye  and  Ear  Hospital,  Folkestone,  takes 
care  of  all  cases  of  injury  or  disease  of  the  special  senses ;  the 


Aug.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  51 


'&'7 


G-raiivillo  CaiTadian  Special  Hospital  looks  after  all  cases  of 
bone  injury,  of  injury  to  nerves  and  joints,  cases  of  shell  shock, 
and  special  cases  requiring  electrical  treatment.  The  work  of 
these  two  hospitals  is  among  the  very  finest  in  England,  and 
the  results  obtained  are  not  excelled  by  any  hospitals  in  the 
whole  service.  Colonel  Courtenay  of  Ottawa  is  the  officer  in 
charge  of  West  Oliif  Hospital,  and  Colonel  Ward  of  Winnipeg 
of  the  Granville  Canadian  Special  Hospital,  while  Major  Russel 
of  Montreal  is  the  consultant  on  nervous  conditions  (the  work 
of  this  officer  has  been  particularly  brilliant.)  There  is  also  a 
special  hospital  at  Buxton  for  the  treatment  of  cases  of  rheuma- 
tism, and  especially  fine  results  are  obtained  there. 

On  the  arrival  of  a  soldier  at  the  Canadian  Casualty  Assem- 
bly Centre  after  leaving  a  convalescent  hospital,  he  appears 
before  a  medical  board,  and  is  classified,  as — 

Fit  for  duty. 

Fit  for  temporary  light  duty  requiring  physical  exercise  and 
training  to  become  fit  for  duty. 

Fit  for  temporary  base  duty,  or 

Fit  for  permanent  base  duty. 

Discharge  from  the  service  and  invalided  to  Canada. 

Those  soldiers  requesting  their  discharge  in  England,  if 
they  are  recommended  for  such,  are  brought  before  the  Pensions 
and  Claims  Board,  Bath,  and  their  case  is  disposed  of,  but  no 
soldier  is  allowed  to  be  dfscharged  in  England  till  he  has  pro- 
duced adequate  documentary  evidence  that  he  will  not  become 
a  charge  on  the  British  public. 

In  the  case  of  soldiers  who  have  received  injuries  to  limbs 
necessitating  amputation,  the  procedure  of  hospital  treatment  is 
the  same  until  their  arrival  at  a  Canadian  convalescent  hospital. 
As  soon  as  they  arrive  there,  if  they  are  sufficiently  recovered, 
instefjd  of  being  sent  forward  to  the  Canadian  Casualty  Centre, 
Folkestone,  they  are  transferred  to  the  Granville  Canadian  Spe- 
cial Hospital,  Ramsgate.  At  this  hospital,  as  soon  as  the  stump 
is  ready  for  measurement,  the  representative  of  the  Artificial 
Limb  Company,  from  Queen  Mary's  Auxiliary  Hospital,  Roe- 
hampton,  sees  the  soldier  and  makes  the  necessary  measure- 
ments and  casts  for  the  artificial  limb.  The  soldier  either 
rcnutiiis  at  Ramsgate  pending  the  completion  of  his  limb,  or,  if 


52  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

ihe  Las  friends  in  England,  may  be  given  furlough  until  this  is 
ready.  Upon  the  completion  of  the  limb  at  Roehampton  the 
soldier  is  transferred  to  the  King's  Canadian  Convalescent  Hos- 
pital, Bushev  Park  (which  is  near  Roehampton),  and  from 
there  driven  over  daily  in  an  ambulance  to  Roehampton  for  fit- 
ting of  the  limb  and  practice  in  its  use.  When  he  becomes  par- 
tially expert  he  is  transferred  again  to  Ramsgate,  and  his  train- 
ing in  the  use  of  the  limb  completed  there.  Queen  ]\Iary's 
Auxiliary  Hospital,  Roehampton,  is  the  hospital  specially  set 
apart  for  the  manufacture  and  adaptation  of  artificial  limbs  for 
all  soldiers  of  the  British  service  who  have  suffered  the  loss  of 
limbs. 

Blinded  soldiers  are  sent  to  St.  Dunstan's  College  for  the 
Blind,  Regent's  Park,  London.  This  is  one  of  the  most  beauti- 
ful residential  colleges  in  England,  is  under  the  direction  of 
Sir  Arthur  Pearson,  and  every  comfort  of  these  cases  is  studied 
and  attended  to  there.  These  patients  are  particularly  bright 
and  cheery,  and  in  no  way  reflect  to  the  ordinary  visitor  the 
serious  loss  they  have  sustained.  They  are  trained  to  various 
trades  and  useful  occupations,  such  as  ohicken  raising,  basket 
making,  typing,  massage,  piano  tuning,  book  making,  etc.,  and 
are,  of  course,  instructed  in  the  Braille  System  and  every 
method  of  reading  and  writing  of  the  blind.  A  more  delightful 
spot  cannot  be  found  in  England,  and  more  thorough  training 
for  these  cases  cannot  be  found  in  the  world. 

An  idea  of  the  extent  of  the  work  of  the  Canadian  medical 
service  may  be  gained  from  the  fact  that  during  the  week  ending 
June  24  the  number  of  Canadian  soldier  patients  in  hospitals 
in  England  was  over  ten  thousand. 

The  matter  of  artificial  eyes  is  dealt  with  at  Westcliffe, 
where  an  absolutely  complete  series  of  eyes  (all  sizes  and  colors) 
have  been  supplied  by  the  leading  British  manufacturer  and 
greatest  artist  in  this  somewhat  restricted  field  of  art,  so  that 
an  exact  copy  of  any  can  be  promptly  supplied,  and  these 
are  given  in  duplicate  to  provide  for  any  accidental  loss.  This 
was  largely  the  work  of  Colonel  Court enay. 


Aug.,  lOlG  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  53 

EPSOM  HOSPITAL  IS  UNIQUE 


"On  the  road  to  Epsom."  The  phrase  recalls  the  thousand- 
times-pictured  carnival  of  Derby  Day,  when  the  four-in-hand 
of  the  aristocrat  jostles  the  light  cart  of  the  Lambeth  tinsmith. 
A  very  different  kind  of  traffic  goes  along  the  same  road  in  these 
present  months.  Made  up  mostly  of  slate-colored  ambulances, 
it  leaves  the  route  for  the  racecourse  soon  after  the  pleasant 
little  red-tiled  town  is  passed,  and  pulls  up  on  one  sweeping 
shoulder  of  the  Downs,  where  the  largest  convalescent  hospital 
in  the  United  Kingdom  has  come  into  being. 

■  There  are  approximately  four  thousand  beds  for  sick  and 
wounded  soldiers  in  this  hospital.  Fifteen  hundred  are  Cana- 
dians, who  are  housed  in  their  own  special  division.  A  thou- 
sand or  more  patients  are  from  the  Imperial  forces,  and  the 
rest  of  the  pojuilation  of  invalids  consist  of  Australians  and 
l^ew  Zealanders.  In  its  elements,  therefore,  the  thousands  in 
this  city  of  wounded  and  sick  soldiers  are  a  replica  of  the  mil- 
lions in  the  battle-line. 

Frankly,  the  proper  title  for  this  settlement  is  Woodcote 
Park.  The  surroundings  thoroughly  deserve  such  a  pretty 
name.  The  huts  of  corrugated  galvanized  iron  have  brought  thes 
term  "  Tin  City."  To  be  honest,  this  is  the  name  by  which  it 
has  been  dubbed  for  the  moment,  and  is  justified  when  a  view 
is  taken  at  close  quarters.  K'ot  the  least  disparagement-  is  in- 
tended. Pather  the  other  way,  for  the  name  of  "  Tin  City  " 
is  an  indication  that  the  Government  Avhieh  designed  this  bio- 
plant  has  been  alive  to  its  opportunities  in  gathering  material 
the  most  easily  convertible  for  the  object,  and  putting  it  to 
use  in  an  environment  which  of  itself  will  do  wonders  in  help- 
ing to  make  sick  and  wounded  soldiers  strong  again. 

Surgeon-General  Kilkelly,  C.M.G.,  M.V.O.,  surgeon  of  the 
Grenadier  Guards,  is  in  command  of  the  entire  hospital.  The 
Canadian  division  is  commanded  by  Major  L.  E.  W.  Irvi.no- 
D.S.O.,  of  Toronto,  and  is  divided  into  two  sections  known  as 
AVoodcote  Park  section,  and  Farm  Camp  section.  Captain  D. 
A.  Murray,  of  Toronto,  is  in  charge  of  the  Woodcote  Park 
section  (nOO  beds),  and  Captain  Gonlden,  of  Winnipeg,  of  the 


54  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

Farm  Camp  section  (1,000  beds).  Other  officers  of  the  Cana- 
dian division  are:  Captain  H.  E.  Thomas  (Toronto),  Adjutant 
and  Transport  Officer;  Captain  H.  Bell  (Collingwood),  Eegis- 
trar;  Captain  Duck  (P.E.I. ),  Paymaster;  Captain  G.  P.  How- 
lett  (Ottawa),  Medical  Officer;  Captain  Tait  (Vancouver), 
Dental  Officer;  Captain  the  Rev.  W.  B.  Carleton  (Ottawa), 
Chaplain.  Sergeant-Ma j or  A.  Pegg  (Ottawa)  is  regimental 
■sergeant-major. 

Whatever  mistakes  have  been  made  in  the  British  conduct 
of  the  war,  nobody  has  yet  brought  any  charges  of  neglect 
against  medical  forces  established  in  the  United  Kingdom. 
Woodcote  Park,  like  every  other  hospital  here,  English  or  Cana- 
dian, is — as  we  expect — ^perfect  in  resources  and  organization. 
No  need,  therefore,  to  dwell  on  these  points.  More  interesting 
is  it  to  review  the  special  character  of  the  treatment  given  to 
the  patients,  which  reveals  how  the  war  has  brought  into  play 
initiative  and  enterprise  in  the  medical  no  less  than  in  other 
branches  of  the  service. 

-Woodcote  Park  is  for  patients  who  have  been  discharged 
from  active  treatment  hospitals,  and  are  convalescents,  but  who 
need  a  course  of  physical  training,  adjusted  to  each  patient's 
ability  and  physical  condition,  before  they  are  fit  to  return  to 
the  fighting  units.  The  wounded  or  sick  soldier  comes  here  for 
a  stay  of  six  weeks  for  treatment,  discipline  and  physical  train- 
ing. Besides  severe  disabilities,  there  may  be  others  which 
are  slight  in  themselves,  perhaps,  but  which  make  it  impossible 
for  a  man  to  return  to  the  ranks  as  an  efficient  fighter.  In 
addition  to  a  staff  of  trained  sergeant-instrnctors  in  physical 
exercise,  there  is  at  AVoodcote  a  staff  of  masseuses. 

Massage  is  often  a  prime  remedy  for  such  disablements. 
Women  workers,  incidentally,  are  also  found  in  several  other 
departments.  All  the  cooking,  for  example,  is  done  l)y  women, 
for  whom  a  special  line  of  huts  has  been  built.  Graduated 
route  marching,  to  fit  in  with  the  condition  of  the  patient,  is 
another  feature  of  the  treatment — not  the  deadly  slog  in  the 
sweltering  sun  which  we  associate  with  the  training  of  a  re- 
cruit, but  a  steady,  gentle  exercise  which  brings  no  exhaustion, 
and  which  will  cause  the  man  who  partakes  in  it  to  feel  that 
on  each  day's  marching  he  sheds  some  little  of  his  old  hurt. 


Aug.;  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  55 

There  is,  too,  a  grand  assistance  of  the  surroundings  of  the 
hospital  to  be  reckoned  in  the  currieulum  of  the  treatment.  A 
look  over  tlie  Dowms  from  any  point  of  Woodcote  Park  is  in 
itself  a  first-rate  tonic.  With  such  a  panorama  to  gaze  upon, 
a  patient  would  he  justified  in  apostrophizing  nature  with  the 
same  ecstacy  as  did  Mr.  Pickwick  at  Dingley  Dell.  The 
patients  are  going  to  emulate  the  Dingley  Dellers  this  summer 
in  vanquishing  All  Muggleton  at  cricket.  Football  matches 
against  local  clubs  have  already  provided  great  sport.  Baseball 
is  played  regularly,  and  all  forms  of  sport  are  encouraged  to 
get  the  men  back  into  "  fit  "  condition.  Every  night  there  is  a 
first-rate  theatrical  show  or  concert.  Lord  Killanin,  who  is 
resident  in  the  hospital,  takes  great  interest  in  the  entertain- 
ments, and  devotes  his  whole  time  to  this  for  the  benefit  of  the 
patients.  The  recreation  hall  comfortably  holds  an  audience 
of  1,500,  and  is  provided  with  theatrical  and  cinema  equipment. 
In  the  establishment  of  Woodcote  Park  one  beholds  an  en- 
terprise hitherto  unattempted  in  the  medical  service  of  the 
Empire.  The  main  object,  it  is  seen,  is  to  oave  hardened  and 
•  experienced  soldiers  from  being  "  scrapped  "  on  account  of 
obstinate  ailments  for  which  a  remedy  may  be  found  in  special 
treatment.  When  one  considers  the  length  of  time  and  expense 
incurred  in  fitting  a  recruit  for  the  firing  line,  it  will  be  real- 
ized that  the  truly  skilful  management  of  resources  lies  in 
assisting  him,  should  he' be  disabled,  to  regain  his  position  in 
his  battalion.  This,  of  course,  apart  from  the  obvious  benefit 
to  the  man  himself  in  regaining  his  full  strength.  The  Govern- 
ment and  the  officers  connected  with  this  institution,  therefore, 
■  deserve  our  gratitude  to  the  full. 


Western  UniversitylHospital  Corps 

The  First  Contingent  of  the  Western  I^niversity  No.  10  Hos- 
pital Corps  left  for  the  front  on  June  19  th.  The  doctors  and  the 
rest  of  the  unit  left  a  few  days  later,  the  corps'  organization 
having  been  completed  in  record  time.  .  This  unit  is  under  the 
.command  of  Lieut.-Col.  (Doctor)  Seaborne,  of  London,  Ont. 


56  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

The  King's  Canadian  Hospital,  Bushey  Park 

Six  wings  of  the  King's  Canadian  Hospital  at  Bushej  Park 
have  been  completed  and  furnished  by  the  Canadian  Red  Cross 
Society.  Each  wing  will  bear  the  name  of  oile  of  His  Majesty's 
children.  It  was  hoped  that  Their  Majesties  would  perform 
the  opening  ceremony,  but  they-  found  it  impossible  to  do  so, 
being  unwilling  at  the  present  time  to  appear  ceremonially, 
preferring  rather  to  make  visits  to  the  hospitals  after  they  are 
fully  established. 


Another  Hospital  for  Canadians 

Lieut.-Col.  Johnson,  of  Charlottetown,  has  been  detailed  for 
duty  with  the  Canadian  Medical  Stores  in  France.  Major 
Guest,  of  St.  Thomas,  succeeds  him  as  Commandant  of  the 
Convalescent  Hospital  at  Buxton,  which  is  already  open  and 
nearly  holding  its  full  capacity  of  three  hundred  suffering  from 
rheumatism  and  like  ailments. 

The  accommodation  of  the  Canadian  Section  of  the  hospital 
at  Epsom  has  been  increased  by  a  thousand,  making  the  total 
2,500.  It  is  instended  shortly  that  Epsom  shall  be  devoted 
entirely  to  the  Canadians,  which  will  give  3,800  beds. 


The  following  have  joined  the  Canadian  Army  Medical 
Corps ;  Dr.  Pratt,  of  Stratford,  Ont. ;  Dr.  R.  D.  Sanson  and 
Dr.  Bishop,  of  the  Calgary  General  Hospital;  Dr.  Gauthier, 
M.P.  for  Gaspe;  Dr.  J.  L.  Seibert,  of  Stratford,  Ont.;  Dr. 
Egerton  L.  Pope,  of  Winnipeg. 

M'r.  Harold  Kennedy,  lumber  merchant  of  Quebec,  who  has 
already  placed  the  Bromley  Hotel  at  the  disposal  of  the  Cana- 
dian Medical  Service  as  a  Convalescent  Hospital,  has  now 
acquired  an  estate  near  Maidstone  for  the  same  purpose.  The 
mansion  is  a  particularly  tine  one.  The  estate  comprises  five 
thousand  acres. 


Aug.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  57 


'&•? 


Canadian  Hospitals 


NEW   ONTARIO   HOSPITAL  FOR  THE  INSANE 

AT  WHITBY 


On  July  lltli  a  new  era  in  hospital  work  in  Canada  was  started. 
It  witnessed  the  beginning  of  the  end  of  an  undertaking  which 
when  completed  will  have  cost  in  the  neigliborhood  of  a  niillion 
and  a  quarter  dollars,  and  will  be  the  finest  thing  of  its  kind, 
not  only  on  this  continent,  but  excelling  anything  in  Europe,  a 
proud  boast  for  Ontario. 

To  be  explicit,  on  July  11th,  the  first  patients  went  into 
the  new  hospital  for  the  mentally  ill,  which  has  been  under 
erection  by  the  Government  for  the  last  two  or  three  years 
on  the  lake  shore  in  the  heart  of  the  country  adjacent  to 
Whitby,  and  which  will  supersede  the  Toionto  asylum  for 
insane  in  Queen  Street  West. 

As  different  as  day  from  night  are  the  new  surroundings 
for  the  mentally  ill  from  the  building  they  have  occupied 
for  so  many  years.  It  is  the  difference  between  iron  bars 
and  the  freedom  of  green  fields. 

Representatives  of  the  daily  newspapers  were  motored  to 
the  new  hospital  property  of  650  acres  near  Whitby,  to  see 
the  buildings,  under  the  guidance  of  the  men  directly  respon- 
sible for  the  achievement,  before  the  patients  began  to  move 
in.  The  Hon.  W.  J.  Hanna,  Provincial  Secretary,  who  has  a 
fund  of  practical  sense  combined  with  his  "  vision"  ;  the  Deputy 
Minister,  Mr.  S.  A.  Armstrong,  with  his  genius  for  carrying 
out  a  tremendous  undertaking  down  to  the  smallest  detail;  the 
architect,  Mr.  Govan,  who  has  worked  out  to  such  perfection 
the  hospital  buildings,  with  Dr.  Forster,  head  of  the  hospital 
for  the  mentally  ill,  made  an  inspiring  group  with  whom  to  go 
over  the  hospital.  And  every  member  of  the  visiting  group 
left  late  in  the  afternoon  with  a  profound  admiration  for  the 
achievement  and  a  keen  realization  of  the  value  of  the  new  in- 
stitution, with  its  perfect  surroundings. 


58  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

To  set  down  the  story  of  genius  and  its  inspiration-bearing 
fruit  is  a  part  of  the  duty  of  these  words. 

To  tell  not  of  man's  inhumanity,  but  something  of  man's 
dear  humanity  to  man  is  another  part  of  what  I  would  try  to 
convey  here.  All  of  which  sounds  a  bit  in  the  clouds  when, 
after  all,  it  is  a  practical  story  of  bricks  and  mortar,  combined 
with  that  blessed  thing,  a  man,  or  men,  with  a  vision,  who  con- 
fidently step  out  into  untried  places  and  achieve  things  worth 
while. 

We  have  always  glibly  spoken  of  the  lunatic  asylum,  or 
asvlum  for  the  insane  in  Queen  Street  West.  As  we  have 
passed  the  high  brick  walls  surrounding  the  grounds  and  build- 
ing it  has  been  with  more  or  less  of  horror  if  our  thoughts 
dwelt  on  the  people  behind  those  walls.  They  have  seemed  to 
us  something  apart  from  human  beings.  It  was  as  though 
there  were  wild  things  caged  up  there,  things  which  might 
excite  a  morbid  curiosity,  but  which  were  removed  from  us 

t.'     7 

more  effectually  than  if  they  were  in  their  graves.  To  know 
that  eight  or  nine  hundred  lives  were  being  lived  there  had 
something  of  the  horror  of  a  nightmare. 

This  has  been  the  attitude  for  generations  towards  the 
people  who  in  reality  are  just  mentally  ill,  as  you  or  I  might 
be  physically  ill.  Some — many — are  curable,  just  as  in  phy- 
sical illness.  Others  become  chronic — as  in  physical  illness. 
And  just  as  you  or  I  know  of  our  illness,  so  many  of  those 
mentally  ill  are  conscious  of  the  fact.  And  it  is  only  modern 
grasp  of  the  situation  which  is  calling  them,  not  insane,  not 
lunatics,  but  people  ill  mentally. 

Dr.  Forster,  in  charge  there,  can  tell  you  of  many  people, 
who  have  gone  to  him  voluntarily  to  be  treated  in  the  asvlum. 
Their  agonized  query  is,  "  Doctor,  am  I  insane  ?" 

"  No,"  is  his  answer.  "  You  are  mentally  ill,"  and  the 
agony  and  horror  in  their  minds  is  relieved  by  the  more  human — 
and  truer  statement.  For  as  the  doctor  says,  "  We  hope  to 
prove  that  ninety  per  cent,  of  the  cases  of  mental  illness  are 
curable." 

But  to  get  back  to  the  building.  Some  four  or  five  years 
ngo  the  present  property  in  Queen  Street  West  (which  is  quite 
inadequate  for  the  demands),  was  sold  to  the^  railway.     Im- 


\ 


Aim-.,  1010  THE  HOSPlTx\L  WORLD  59 


'&•; 


mediately  the  Provincial  Secretary  and  his  Deputy  Minister 
were  on  the  lookout  for  suitable  property  on  which  to  build  the 
new  institution. 

They  did  not  look  in  the  city. 

Why? — Because  a  moment's  thought  will  make  one  realize 
that  the  city  is  not  a  place  for  a  hospital  to  treat  jangled  nerves 
and  minds.  It  needs  the  country,  with  its  quiet,  its  pure  health- 
giving  air.  And  so  it  was  that  650  acres  of  land  was  purchased 
not  far  from  Whitby,  and  plans  for  tne  hospital  buildings  were 
made  and  the  work  of  building  began,  a  certain  portion  of 
which  is  now  completed  and  ready  for  occupation.  It  should 
be  a  matter  of  pride  with  Canadians  that  this  new  institution 
in  construction  and  equipment  and  sanitation  is  superior  to 
iinything  modern  scientific  effort  has  produced.  New  York 
h«s  been  watching  the  development  in  which  scores  of  original 
ideas  have  been  introduced,'  with  keen  interest.  One  of  tbo 
leading  American  electrical  journals  is  running  an  article  on 
the  perfection  of  the  lighting  system  as  worked  out  here  by  tlie 
nien  we  all  know,  while  the  kitchen  equipment  has  revolution- 
ized such  things  for  all  time  in  institutions. 

A  few  of  the  outstanding  facts  might  be  given  before  at- 
tempting to  picture  the  place.  Of  the  650  acres,  over  300 
was  swamp  land  three  years  ago.  Now  550  acres  are  under 
cultivation  and  the  most  modern  methods  of  farming  intro- 
duced have  resulted  in  bumper  crops  of  potatoes,  vegetables, 
hay,  grain,  etc.  The  men  working  the  land  have  been  men 
from  the  prisons,  men  who  in  days  gone  by  would  have  been 
spending  time  inside  prison  walls,  adding  viciousness  to  their 
natures,  and  being  an  ever-growing  expense  to  the  community. 

The  produce  of  this  property  has  helped  to  provide  other 
Provincial  institutions  with  food.  And  on  the  same  principle  of 
making  these  Provincial  institutions  self-supporting,  instead  of  a 
burden  to  taxpayers,  prison  industries  have  provided  practically 
■everything  but  the  raw  material  for  the  new  buildings.  From  the 
red  tiles  of  the  roof  and  the  tile  stairs  of  an  original  design 
made  at  the  prison  industry  at  Mimico,  to  the  doors,  window 
sashes,  tables,  iron  beds,  nuittresses  and  even  to  blankets,  almost 
everything  has  been  produced  by  prison  labor,  at  a  cost  which 
would  not  have  begun  to  cover  the  expense,  had  manufacturing 
industries  throughout  the  country  done  the  work. 


60  THE  HOSPITAL  AVORLD  Aug.,  1916 

ISTot  a  dollar  has  been  spent  on  useless  adornment.  Every- 
thing is  planned  for  the  spending  to  the  best  advantage,  every 
single  cent.  To  prevent  waste  in  any  way  many  ingenious  ideas 
have  been  evolved  which  will  help  to  revolutionize  equipment 
of  institutions. 

The  buildings  are  absolutely  fireproof,  so  far  as  scientific 
ingenuity  can  make  them.  Sanitation  has  been  one  of  the  out- 
standing features.  There  are  no  corners.  Floors  meet  the 
walls  with  a  cove.  Everything  is  washable.  Non-corrosive  metal 
has  taken  the  place  of  wood  in  cabinets  or  shelves  for  clothing. 
Practically  everything  from  the  very  garbage  cans  in  the  base- 
ment to  the  snow-white  equipment  in  the  diet  kitchen  will  be 
sterilized. 

Now  to  give  some  idea  of  the  property  and  buildings.  Pic- 
ture a  square  mile  of  typical  Ontario  country.  Orchards, 
country  roads,  great  fields  of  clover  and  hay,  corn,  fields  of 
small  fruits,  rows  of  beautiful  old  spruce  trees,  the  property 
running  to  the  shores  of  Lake  Ontario.  Vision  the  green 
fields,  the  blue  waters,,  the  little  Whitby  inlet  with  its  quaint 
lighthouse..  Catch  the  fragrance  of  clover  and  of  new  mown 
hay.  And  see  in  the  midst  of  all  this,  buildings  beautiful  in 
their  simplicity,  giving  the  impression  of  groups  of  lovely 
country  homes. 

Of  course  the  majority  of  the  buildings  are  still  incom- 
]dete.  And  when  the  building  is  done,  will  come  the  making 
of  terraces  and  lawns,  surrounding  the  buildings. 

We  speak  of  buildings  in  the  plural — not  of  one  monster 
building.  According  to  the  plans  there  will  be  something  like 
25  when  they  are  completed.  But  those  in  which  at  present 
we  are  particularly  interested  are  the  groups  of  ''  cottages  " 
for  men  and  for  women  patients  which  form  the  big  part  of 
the  colony.  The  nurses'  residence,  the  chapel,  the  amusement 
building  and  others  are  still  seen  only  on  the  plans  and  in  the 
loads  of  bricks. 

The  cottages  for  women,  of  which  there  are  eight,  all 
identical  as  to  both  design  and  architecture,  and  each  with  ac- 
commodation for  from  50  to  60  patients,  are  so  far  complete, 
that  to-day  one  cottage  was  occupied  by  fifty-five  patients. 
To-morrow  another  fifty-five  will  follow  until  all  are  occupied. 


Aiip„191G  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  61 


'&•: 


The  group  of  buildings  for  the  female  patients  is  a  com- 
plete hospital  unit,  and  is  identical  with  a  similar  group  for 
the  male  patents.  Besides  the  eight  cottages,  each  a  complete 
hospital  in  itself,  the  group  of  buildings  includes  a  completely 
equipped  infirmary  building,  and  the  separate  building  for 
dining-rooms  and  kitchen  equipment.  Here  is  a  separate 
dining-room  for  each  cottage,  so  that  the  classification  of 
patients  as  arranged  in  the  cottage  may  be  obtained.  In  this 
building  also  is  the  nurses'  dining-room,  the  maids'  dining- 
room,  and  ■'■'  the  last  word  in  scientific  kitchen  equipment." 

To  give  any  concrete  idea  of  the  kitchen  equipment  is  al- 
most impossible.  The  man  in  charge  here  is  one  who  for  years 
lias  specialized  in  elimination  of  waste,  and  on  correct  diet. 
He  is  a  man  with  a  continent-wide  reputation. 

The  entire  huge  kitchen  and  serving  corridor  with  its  white 
tiled  floor  and  walls,  its  metal  serving  tables,  its  dish  washing 
machine  (in  which  12,000  dishes  can  be  washed  and  sterilized 
in  an  hour  by  the  efforts  of  one  person),  its  miracles  of  meat- 
cutting  machines,  potato  masher  and  peeler,  its  monster  soup 
caldrons,  its  polished  steel  tables,  and  its  economic  system  of 
steam  cooking,  must  be  seen  to  be  appreciated.  Two  thousand 
meals  a  day  will  be  served  in  the  kitchen,  and  twice  the  number 
could  be  handled.  One's  great  wish  in  seeing  these  things  is 
that  manufacturers  might  also  see  the  wonders  of  scientific 
saving  accomplished,  and  might  realize  what  can  be  done  here  in 
Canada. 

There  is,  of  course,  complete  refrigerating  system.  Even 
down  to  the  detail  of  a  special  sink  arranged  to  catch  the  scales 
from  fish  cleaned  there,  nothing  has  been  overlooked. 

The  dining-rooms  are  more  attractive  than  one  often  sees 
at  the  most  exclusive  summer  resorts.  The  nurses'  dining- 
room  opens  on  to  a  wide  balcony,  giving  them  opportunity  for 
privacy  and  rest  at  their  spare  time. 

To  return  to  the  cottages.  You  get  an  excellent  idea  of 
the  exterior  from  a  northerly  viewpoint.  It  is  of  brick  and 
stucco.  The  construction  is  of  hollow  concrete  reinforced  with 
metal.  Everything  is  fireproof,  and  nothing  over  two  storeys  in 
height.  And  here  is  something  interesting.  "  Can  you  allow 
the  patients  to  wander  about  the  grounds  ?"  was  asked  of  the 
doctor. 


62  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

"  They  will  always  return  to  a  place  that  looks  like  a 
home,"  was  his  answer.  Surely  that  was  an  illuminating  fact  in 
the  comfort  and  happiness  these  places  promise. 

Each  cottage  has  three  day  rooms,  iitted  with  wide  brick 
fireplaces,  lighting  and  plumbing,  which  cannot  be  tampered 
with  by  patients,  complete  diet  kitchen,  metal  fitted  clothing- 
room,  bath  for  therapeutic  treatment  if  patients  become  ex- 
cited, airy  and  attractive,  sunny  wards,  so  arranged  as  to  be 
easy  of  observation  by  the  nurse,  wide  verandahs,  head  nurses' 
rooms,  etc. 

The  dav  rooms  are  most  attractive,  the  walls  finished  in 
light  buff  and  Quaker  grey.  The  best  of  furniture,  great  fire- 
side benches,  chintz  hangings,  and  bright  rugs  help  to  make  the 
rooms  attractive.  The  floors  are  all  either  tiled  or  covered  with 
ship  linoleum. 

Such  is  a  very  incomplete  picture  of  the  new  hosj^ital 
colony  for  mentally  sick  people,  who  stand  an  infinitely  better 
chance  of  being  cured  in  such  surroundings  and  under  scien- 
tific treatment  than  could  ever  be  the  case  in  the  present 
asylum. 

The  value  of  outdoor  work,  never  possible  in  the  old 
quarters,  will  be  apparent  here,  where  there  is  every  oppor- 
tunity to  give  the  exercise  which  will  help  to  restore  normal 
conditions.  And  for  those  who  can  never  get  well,  there  is  a 
place  beautiful  to  dwell  in,  removed  from  the  curious  gaze, 
from  the  exciting  noise  and  from  the  narrow  quarters  in  the 
city.  After  all  God's  sunshine  and  pure  air  are  the  greatest 
gifts,  and  man's  best  gift  is  a  "  home."  All  these  and  more  are 
bequeathed  to  the  mentally  sick,  fortunate  enough  to  be  housed 
in  the  new  colony  hospital  near  Whitby. — Helen  Ball  in  To- 
ronto News. 


The  Executive  of  the  Hamilton  Recruiting  League  recently 
decided  that  special  provision  should  be  made  for  caring  for 
returned  soldiers,  and  that  the  new  Mountain-top  Hospital, 
when  completed,  be  used  for  this  purpose. 


Aug.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  AVORLD  03 

Kootenay  General  Hospital  at  ISTelson,  B.C.,  is  to  he  recon- 
structed and  greatly  enlarged. 

Dr.  Howard  Black  has  been  appointed  Assistant  Superin- 
tendent of  Toronto  General  Hospital. 

It  is  proposed  to  enlarge  Tranquille  Sanitarium,  B.C.,  so 
as  to  accommodate  three  hundred  patients. 

Cobourg  General  Hospital  held  its  first  commencement  re- 
cently, when  ten  nurses  received  their  diplomas. 

The  Lady  Minto  Hospital  at  Cochrane  is  now  completed, 
and  was  formally  opened  on  May  24th. 

The  City  Council  of  Brantford  submitted  to  the  ratepayers 
on  June  26th  a  by-law  for  $58,000  for  Hospital  extension. 

The  graduating  exercises  of  the  Training  School  for  ITurses 
at  Wellesley  Hospital,  Toronto,  were  held  on  Wednesday,  July 
5  th,    A  reception  followed  afterwards. 

Dr.  John  Hicks  has  been  appointed  to  succeed  Dr.  J.  J. 
McFadden  as  Superintendent  of  the  Brandon  Insane  Asylum. 
He  was  formerly  Assistant  Superintendent. 

The  Isolation  Hospital,  at  St.  John,  IST.B,,  was  recently 
destroyed  by  fire.  Fortunately,  there  were  no  patients  in  the 
building  at  the  time. 

An  Isolation  Hospital  has  been  opened  at  Lindsay.  The 
Dominion  Government  made  a  grant  of  $10,000  toward  the 
purchase  of  the  site. 

Major  J.  A.  Dixon,  of  Hamilton,  Medical  Offioer  of  the 
91st  Regiment,  Canadian  Highlanders,  has  joined  the  Royal 
Army  Medical  Corps,  and  has  left  for  England. 

A  Nurses'  Home  is  to  be  built  on  the  western  side  of  Cal- 
gary General  Hospital,  and  will  be  connected  with  the  Hospital 
by  a  passage.  It  will  provide  accommodation  for  one  hundred 
nurses. 


64  .      THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

Dr.  Kidd,  Medical  Superintendent  of  the  Hospital  for  the 
Insane  at  Cohourg,  has  been  appointed  Assistant  Medical  Super- 
intendent at  Brockville,  and  will  have  charge  of  the  new  Recep- 
tion Hospital  for  l^ervous  Diseases  there. 

The  annual  commencement  exercises  of  the  Kingston  Gen- 
eral Hospi  tar  Training  School  for  ISTurses  took  place  recently, 
when  the  announcement  was  made  of  a  legacy  of  $10,000  from 
the  estate  of  the  late  E.  H.  Schmerhom,  of  ISTapanee.  It  is 
intended  that  the  monev  will  be  used  in  enlarging  the  Nurses' 
Residence. 

The  new  head  of  the  Toronto  Orthopedic  Hospital,  succeed- 
ing the  late  Dr.  B.  E.  McKenzie,  is  Dr.  W.  S.  Verrall,  formerly 
of  Vancouver.  Dr.  Verrall  is  a  graduate  of  the  Faculty  of 
Medicine,  University  of  Toronto,  and  has  recently  been  in 
practice  in  Vancouver,  though  he  specialized  in  orthopedic 
surgery. 


Toronto's  New  Military  Base  Hospital 

A  FEW  days  ago  the  new  Military  Base  Hospital,  reconstructed 
out  of  the  old  Toronto  General  Hospital,  was  announced  ready 
for  occupation,  and  Lieut.-Col.  T.  B.  Richardson  and  staff 
moved  in,  feeling  grateful  for  the  relief  from  over-crowded 
quarters  at  Exhibition  Grounds.  There  is  no'  doubt  that  the 
new  hospital  was  urgently  needed,  there  being  at  the  time  of 
removal  nearly  550  patients  at  Exhibition  Camp.  Lieut.-Col. 
Richardson  has  been  formally  promoted  officer  commanding, 
with  the  following  as  his  staff :  Captains  H.  H.  Harvie,  B.  L. 
Gingall,  J.  W.  Livingstone,  R.  D.  Mackenzie,  A.  A.  Campbell, 
Colin  Campbell,  C.  E.  Treble,  H.  E.  Wallace,  0.  C.  Ballantyne, 
R.  F.  Slater,  James  E.  Barry,  F.  G.  Wilson  and  A.  E.  Mac- 
donald. 


Aug.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XV 11 


Walk-Over  Shoes 

Correct  Foot  Troubles  in  a 
Natural,  Comfortable  Way 

/-yAHE  WALK-OVER   BOOT  SHOP  makes  a  specially 

of  fitting;  shoes  to  deformed  or  abnormal  feet .  A  wide  range 

of  over  twenty  lasts  and  at  least  112  sizes  in  each  last 

makes  it  possible  for  us  to  fit  almost  any  foot,  even   though 

badly  deformed,  with  a  stylish  and  comfortable  shoe. 

The  doctor  in  charge  of  our  Orthopedic  Depart- 
ment is  expert  in  the  fitting  of  arch  supports, 
made-to-order  shoes,  etc.,  and  gladly  gives  free 
consultation  and  advice. 

Self-measuring  FOOTOGRAPH  charts  will  be 
mailed  to  out-of-town  customers  who  do  not  find  it 
convenient  to  visit  the  store.  Full  directions  with 
each  chart. 

WALK-OVER 
BOOT  SHOP 

290  YONGE  STREET      -      TORONTO 

Also  at  521  St.  Catherine  St.,  Montreal 


GRAND  PRIZE 

Panama-Pacific  Exposition 
San   Francisco,' 1915 


GRAND  PRIZE 

Panama-California  Exposition 
San   Diego,    1915 


Registered 
Trade-Mark 


BAKER'S  COCOA 

IS  as  delicious  in  flavor  as  it  is  nign 
in  quality  ana    absolute   m  purity. 

All    or    our    goods    sold    in 
Canaaa   are    made    in    Canada 


Booklet  of  Choice  Recipes 
sent  tree  on  request. 


WALTER    BAKER    &    CO.    LIMITED 

ESTABLISHED   1780 

MONTREAL,  CAN.  :  DORCHESTER,  MASS. 


When  writing  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


xviii  ,     THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aua.,  1916 


ABDERHALDEN  TEST  IN  MENTAL  DISEASES 

Charles  E.  Simon,  Baltimore,  {Journal  Amer.  Med.  Assoc), 
takes  up  the  claims  of  Fauser  as  to  the  findings  of  the  Abder- 
halden  test  in  oertain'  types  of  insanity,  with  special  reference  to 
dementia  precox.      He   reviews  the   literature   which   followed 
Fauser 's  publication,  and  says  that  in  surveyin'g  it  one  cannot 
help  but  be  impressed,  on  the  on©  hand,  by  the  wonderful  uni- 
formity of  the  results  reported  by  Fauser  and  the  wide  diver- 
gence from  those  of  certain  other  authors,  like  Hauptmann  and 
Bumke.     He  thinks  that  there  is  good  ground  to  suspect  that 
Fauser  was  too  enthusiastic  in  his  views  and  also  that  his  oppo- 
nents may  have  lacked  complete  control  of  the  technic.    Fauser 
himself  states  that  he  obtained  a  reaction  with  sex  gland  repeat- 
edly in  cases  in  which  it  was  unexpected,  and  that  the  diagnosis 
between  maniac  depressive  insanity  and  dementia  precox  could 
not  always  be  made  with  certainty.     Simon  relates  his  own  ex- 
perience with  the  use  of  the  test  in  106  cases  and  says  "to  sum- 
marize the  results"  that  a  sex  gland  reaction  may  be  obtained 
in  nearly  if  not  all  cases  of  dementia  precox  at  some  stage  or 
another,  but  that  this  action  is  not  specific,  as  Fauser  asserts. 
He  finds  that  the  reaction  may  also  be  obtained  in  other  forms 
of  insanity,  and  he  does  not  attempt  to  explain  them.    He  must, 
therefore,  Gonclude  that  Fauser's  rule  has  exceptions  or  that 
the  positive  findings  in  manic-depressive  insanity  or  paresis  are 
due  to  errors  of  diagnods  or  technic.    The  fact,  however,  remains 
that  in  dementia  precox  the  positive  reaction  is  the  rule,  while 
in  the  purely  functional  psychoses  it  is  the  exception.     Simon, 
therefore,  discusses  at  length  the  technic  employed  and  which 
he  thinks  meets  fairly  any  criticism  from  the  technical  point  of 
view  as  far  as  our  knowledge  goes  at  present.    He  believes,  how- 
ever, tiiat  advances  can  still  be  made,  and  while  Ave  cannot,  as 
yet,  draw  positive  conclusions  regarding  the  significance  of  the 
reaction  in  dementia  precox,  certain  possibilities  suggest  them- 
selves.   One  of  these  is  that  of  a  perverted  function  of  the  cells 
concerned  in  the  production  of  the  internali  secretion  of  the  sex 
glands  in  dementia.    "Considering  the  problem  from  the  clinical 
side,  the  all-important  question,  of  course,  suggests  itself  whether 
or  not  the  reaction'  bas  any   relation  to   the  pathogenesis  of 
dementia  precox.      Theoretically,   this  is,   of  course,   perfectly 
possible.     Granted  that  anti-sex  gland  ferments  do  occur  in  the 
circulation  in  dementia  precox,  and  that  their  presence  were 
the  outcome  of  the  appearance  in  the  circulation  of  an  abnormal 
secretion!  or  of  abnormal  cells,  then  we  may  also  assume  that 
digestion  of  these  cells  or  cell-products  will  take  place,  and  that 
all  conditions  would  thus  be  given  for  a  chronic  protein  intoxi- 
cation which  might  very  well  expend  itself  on  the  central  nervous 
system.    Should  this  be  true,  then  we  might  also  expect  that  the 
administration  of  sex  gliand  to  such  patients  would  cause  an 
aggravation  of  the  patient's  condition,  while  partial  or  entire 
castration,  possibly  combined  with  the  transplantation  of  normal 
organs,  might  similarly  be  expected  to  have  a  beneficial  influence. 


Aug.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


XIX 


r 


Retarded,  Impeded  Circulation 
in  an  Inflamed  Part— Unless 
Quickly  Relieved  —  Inevitably 
Leads  on  to  Suppuration  .... 
In  Clinical  Practice,  Nothing 
Approaches 


'<w£uiuuui' 


*: 


•HSM"^ 


^....Mwminmntmm 

}S:  I'NDKR  THE   FduD  ANU  !>■-    .., 


IkeTp  the   lTpIojL 


\0 


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*«fcj,         NEW  YORK  CITY.  U.  S.  »• 


aiCE,  50  CENTS 


Directloas: — Always  heat 
in  the  original  container  by 
placing  in  hot  water. 
Needless  exposure  to  the 
air,  impairs  its  osmotic 
properties — on  which  its 
therapeutic  action  largely 
depends. 


applied  hoi  and  thick — ir^  its  unique  power  to  relieve,  by 
osmosis  and  nerve  stimulation,  the  congestion  of  inflam- 
mation; thus  benignly  assisting  Nature  in  restoring  normal 
circulation — the  requisite  for  healthy  cell-growth. 


Uniformly  and  consistently  the   same   reliable 
"Antidote  for  Inflammation" — Summer  and  Winter 


By  ordering  Antiphlogisline  in  full  and  original  packages  :  Small,  ^Tedium, 
Large,  or  Hospital  Size,  "a  perfect  poultice"  is  assured. 


-     Physicians  should  WRITE  '  'Antiphlogisline  "  to  A  VOID  '  'substitutes.  ' ' 

"There's  Only  One  Antiphlogisline" 
THE  DENVER  CHEMICAL  MFG.  COMPANY    -    MONTREAL 


When   writing  advertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XX  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug..  1916 

PARAFFIN  CANCER 

Chronic  irritation  by  coal  oil  products  is  considered  by  B.  F. 
Davis,  Chicago j  in  the  Journal  Amer.  Medical  Assocmtion.    Irrita- 
tion from  coal  oil  products  was  first  discussed  by  Volkmann  in 
1875,  who  described  an  acute  and  a  chronic  form.   The  final  stage 
is  thus  described  by  him:   "As  a  result  of  individual  predisposi- 
tion and  particularly  deficient  cleanliness,  the  process,  which 
previously  has  been  a  hyperplastic  epidermic  growth  and  seb- 
aceous secretion,  now  develops  into  multiple,  warty  or  papillary 
formations,  some  of  which  degenerate  into  cancer."     In  some 
cases  the  sebaceous  crusts  described  above  exhibit  almost  a  horn- 
like consistency.     The  chief  seat  of  these  hyperplasias  are  the 
exposed  forearms  and  the  scrotum.     Iw  an  old  workman  Volk- 
mann counted  fifteen  such  warty  growths  with  thick  crusts  on 
the  dark-bro^^Ti  spotted  and  fissured  forearm,  and  three  on  the 
scrotum.    This  picture  of  warty  growths  completely  suggests  the 
''verruca  canoerosa"  of  the   aged.      Schamburg  tabulated   re- 
ported  cases  np   to   1910   and   remarked  on   the   tendency   to 
undergo  spontaneous  involution.     Many  of  the  lesions  ulcerate 
and  destroy  themselves.    The  source  of  the  tar  seems  to  have  an 
influence.     In  Great  Britain  gas  works  tar  causes  dermatitis, 
while  blast  furnace  tar  does  not.     One  explanation  is  that  gas 
works  tar  contains  substances  capable  of  producing  cell  division 
in  vitro,  while  blast  furnace  tar  does  not.     The  iritating  sub- 
stances seem  to  be  present  in  crude  paraffin  as  bodies  haxdng 
possibly  an  amidine  nucleus  and  associated  particularh*  with  the 
compounds  of  the  anthracene  group.     The  greater  portion  of 
them  are  probably  separated  from  the  oil  in  the  pressed  distillate 
process.     Davis  reports  a  case  from   Dr.   Bevan's   clinic   and 
describes  the  conditions  found  by  hi'm  in  an  oil  company's  plant 
where  the  crude  paraffin  is  run  intO'  great  presses  and  the  oils, 
pressed  distillate,  extracted.    The  paraffin  remaining  in  the  press 
and  presumably  containing  the  irritating  substances  is  scraped 
off  by  the  men,  who  have  their  arms  smeared  with  the  substance. 
During  the  first  few  montlis  the  majority  suffer  from   "wax 
boils"  on  the  arms  and  neck  and  in  some  cases  it  develops  into 
true  epithelioma,  as  in  the  case  reported.     Closely  allied  to  this 
form  of  cancer  is  the  so-called  tobacco  cancer,  the  cancer  of 
aniline  dye  workers,  of  c'himney-sweeps  and  kangri   burns  of 
the  natives  of  Cashmere  caused  by  the  little  portable  heaters 
that  they  carry  under  their  clothing.    Irritation  by  heating  can- 
not, however,  be  considered  as  the  cause  of  most  of  the  other 
forms,  and  none  other  than  a  chemical  cause  seems  possible,  in 
the  tumors  of  aniline  workers  and  the  betal-nut  Avorkers.    Davis 
concludes  that  it  seems  justifiable  to  assume  that  the  paraffin 
cancer  is  from  chemical  irritation  and  the  other  forms  may  also 
have  the  same  cause. 


Am;-.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


xzi 


A  Boon  to  Institution 
Laundries 

In  these  days  when  there  is  considerable 
trouble  in  reference  to  "  help  in  large 
Institutions,  any  effective  labor  saving 
device  is  more  than  welcome.  One  such 
device,  which  will  make  laundry  work  in 
a  Hospital  easy,  is 

TORO  TABLETS 

Their  use  will  be  found  a  boon,  rendering 
the  work  of  washing  far  more  effective 
and  easy.  The  TORO  TABLET  is  dis- 
infectant in  character,  so  that  no  matter 
how  mixed  the  articles  of  clothing  may 
be,  or  how  soiled,  they  come  out  spotlessly 

white.      TORO    TABLETS    will   not 

injure  the  finest  fabric  and  no  scrubbing  is 
necessary.  One  tablet  of  TORO  and 
half-a-pound  of  soap  and  the  work  is  done. 
Hospitals  supplied  in  large  quantities  at 
loi»^  prices." 

THE   TORO    TABLET   CO. 

BIRMINGHAM        -        ENGLAND 

Canadian  Office — 
113  RONCESVALLES  AVENUE,  TORONTO 


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IT  WOULD 
BE  DIFFICULT 

to  exaggerate  the  necessity  of  a 
healthy  mouth,  and  clean,  sound 
teeth  or  their  importance  as  related 
to  constitutional  health. 


asserts  its  value  in  this  direction  by 
its  efficiency  as  an  aid  in  the  treat- 
ment and  prevention  of 

PYORRHEA 

PYORRHOCIDE  allays  soft,  bleeding, 
spongy,  receding  gums  —  removes  mui  aid 
deposits  —  retards  the  accumulation  of 
salivary  cal  .lus.  PYORRHOCIDE 
cleans  and  polishes  the  teeth  •<  •  promotes 
oral  health. 

THE  DENTINOL  &  PYORRHOCIDE  CO.  Inc. 


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The  Principles  of  Nutrition 

are  well  defined.   Milk  is  one  of       .^?^    /^c^^r^^i^ 

the  most  necessary  food  materials         — 
oi  the  body.  When  pure,  it  is  a 
wholesome,  digestible  and  nutri- 
tious food  for  all  ages.  Ordinarily, 

foods  have   but   one   function  —  to   build 
tissue  or  \neld  energy. 


■C«"..L"^ 


iSOKTBEAUXAIMP* 


Condensed 

MILK 

THt  ORIGINAL 

does  both.  Its  protein  and  ash  content  repair 
waste  tissue,  while  its  fat  and  carbo-hydrate 
elements  produce  heat  and  muscular  energy.  It  is 
a  safe  and  dependable  food  for  infants  where  for 
any  reason  Nature's  supply  fails. 

Samples,  Analysis,  etc. ,  will  be  mailed  upon 
receipt  of  professional  card. 

BORDEN  MILK  COMPANY,  Ltd.     -    Montreal 

"LEADERS  OF  QUALITY" 
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When   writing  advertisers,   please   mention    Tlie    Hospitai   World. 


xxii  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Aug.,  1916 

A  LETTER 

Doctor, — When  consulted  by  patients  on  the  important  question 
of  the  laundry,  won't  you  bear  in  mind  the  following  facts 
regarding  Taber  Laundry  Works,  444  and  446  Bathurst  Street, 
Toronto:  Our  laundry  is  one  of  the  most  up-to-date  and  best- 
equipped  institutions  of  the  kind  in  Canada.  Every  depart- 
ment is  conducted  along  the  strictest  sanitary  lines.  Each  and 
every  piece  entrusted  to  us  is  not  only  washed  but  sterilized, 
and  dried  with  super-heated  air,  rendering  impossible  the  trans- 
mission or  existence  of  germ  life.  Taber  Laundry  Works  exer- 
cise also  the  greatest  care  in  not  taking  work  from  houses  or 
places  where  there  exists  contagious  disease.  Our  patrons  are 
protected  in  this  way  from  danger.  It  has  been  our  rule  for 
years  that  each  and  every  customer  receives  personal  attention. 
Telephone  College  8333  and  5143  for  our  van  service.  Note. — In 
the  past  few  years  laundry  chemists  and  engineers  have  devel- 
oped the  modern  power  laundry  so  that  it  now  ranks  high  in 
the  public  service.  Sanitation  has  been  the  mainspring  of  their 
efforts.  We  invite  professional  men  and  visitors  to  call  on  us. 
For  the  above  reasons,  we  ask  the  endorsement  of  physicians. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


Refraction  of  lite  ILinnan  Eye  and  Methods  of  Estimating  the 
Refraction.  By  James  Thornington,  A.M.,  M.D.,  Emeri- 
tus Professor  of  Diseases  of  the  Eye  in  the  Philadelphia 
Polyclinic  and  College  for  Graduates  in  ]\redicine.  Phila- 
delphia: P.  Blakiston's  Son  and  Co.,  $2.50. 

Dr.  Thorniugton  has  here  amalgamated  into  one  volume, 
three  of  his  former  works,  "  Refraction  and  how  to  Refract," 
''  Prisms,"  and  "  Retinoscopy,"  and  has  certainly  thereby  added 
to  their  value  and  popularity.  For  the  medical  student  and  the 
medical  j^raetitioner  beginning  to  take  an  interest  in  practical 
ophthalmology,  one  cannot  too  highly  recommend  this  book  on 
methods  of  refraction. 


The  Description  of  an  Ophthalmoscope.  Being  an  English 
translation  of  Von  Helmholtz'  '''  Besehreibung  eines  Augen- 
spiegels."  Berlin,  1851.  By  Thomas  Hall  Shastid^  A.B., 
]\r.D.,  Chicago— Cleveland  Press,  1916. 

To  every  oculist  this  translation  will  be,  and  to  every  phy- 
sician should  be,  of  the  greatest  interest.  It  does  not  at  all 
detract  from  the  fame  of  that  great  physicist.  Von  Helmholtz, 
to  say  that  in  1847,  Babbage,  an  Englishman,  devised  an  in- 
strument for  seeing  the  interior  of  the  eye,  which  contained 
the  essential  features  of  the  ophthalmoscope,  as  later  devised 
bv  Von  Hehnholtz. 


Aug.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOULD 


XXIU 


"THE  WHITE  LINE 


M    SCANLAN-MORRIS 
COMPANY 


Steriliziner  Room,  St.  Mary's  Hospital,  Rochester,  Minn. 


Operating  Room,  Presbyterian  Hospital,  Chicago 

Our  eatcdogue  of  Modern  Operating  Room  Furniture  and  Sterilizing  Apparatus 
will  he  forwarded  upon  request,  to  Hospital  Superintendents 

SCANLAN-MORRIS  CO.,  MADISON,    WIS.,    U.S.A. 

Manufacturers  of  the  "White  Line"  Hospital  Furniture  and 
Sterilizing:  Apparatus 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XXIV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Aug.,  1916 


92%  OF  THE  HOSPITALS 

^^  WHO  FAVOR  US  WITH  THEIR  PATRONAGE,  BUY 

"ABSORBON" 

The  Low-Priced  Absorbent  Cotton  of  Quality 

in  preference  to  other  brands,  because  it  is  better  value  at  the  price 
than  any  other  brand  on  this  market. 

Guaranteed   pure,  sterile — passes  through  the  same  50  diflferent 
operations  as  our  higher  grades — sells  lor 
'  ;^  less  because  made  from  short  staple  cotton 

which    costs    less   than   long    fibre   cotton 
though  quality  is  identical. 
Investigate — A  postcard  brings  samples  and 
prices  to  your  desk. 

Maplewood  Mills 


Largest  Manufacturers  in  the  World 
FALL    RIVER,    MASS. 


THE    PARTICULAR   ATTENTION    OF 
PHYSICIANS,  NURSES  AND   HOSPITALS   IS 
CALLED   TO 

The  Allen  Germ -Proof  Water 
Purifier  and  Cooler 

In  these  da^s,  when  the  water  supplied  in  many 
of  our  cities  is  not  what  it  ought  to  be,  the  Profession 
and,  through  it,  the  PubHc  will  welcome  such  a  device. 

The  ALLEN  WATER  COOLER  SERVICE,  through, 
its  system  of  filtration,  guarantees  a  water  that  is  practically 
ahsoluteiy  pure.  Dr.  A.  A.  Thibaudeau  of  the  Laboratory  of 
Pathology,  University  of  Buffalo,  states  that  "The  Allen 
Filter  can  maintain  an  efficiency  of  100  per  cent."  adding 
that  the  filter  was  allowed  to  operate  continuously  for  three 
days  and  that  no  iac/er/a/ §ron)//i  u)as/ounrf  in  the  samples  after 
48  hours'  exposure  on  plates. 

Medical  men  can  rest  assured  that,  in  recommending  the  use"  of 
the  Allen  Water  Cooler  Service  to  their  patients,  _;they  are 
materially  hastening  their  convalescence, 

THE  DOMINION  SALES  CO.,  LIMITED 

Suite  J,  Yonge  St.  Arcade,  Toronto  Telephone  Main  3797' 

When   writing  advertisers,   please  mention   Tlie   Hospital   World. 


Aug.,  ii>i(; 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXV 


PHYSICIANS    PREFER 


GLOSS 


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$40.00. 

The  more  brilliant  illumination  and  lower  temperature 
of  the  tungsten  lamps  with  which  they  are  now  equipped, 
have  greatly  increased  the  usefulness  of  E.  S.  I.  Co.  instru- 
ments, such  as 

Jackson  Bronchoscopes  and  Laryngeal  Specula 

Holmes  Nasopharyn^oscopes 

Tuttle  and  Lynch  Procto-Sig^moidoscopes 

Braasch  Cystoscopes 

Koch,  Swinburne  and  Young  Urethroscopes,  etc. 

Eighth  Edition  of  our  Catalogue  upon  request. 

ELECTRO  SURGICAL  INSTRUMENT  CO.,  Rochester.  N.Y. 


XXVI 


THE  HOSPITAL  AVORLD 


Aug.,  1916 


Highest 
Grade 
Only 


GERHARD  HEINTZMAN 


] 


GRAND 

SELF-PLAYER  [  PIANOS 

UPRIGHT         J 

Edison  Diamond  Disc 
Phonographs 


Columbia  Grafonolas 


There  is  nothing  like  music  for  the  home — which  all  can 
enjoy.    What    better   than    music    for  the    convalescent? 

Write  for  our  complete  catalogue  of  Pianos  and  Phono- 
graphs.     Easy   terms    of    payment    on    any    instrument. 

Gerhard  Heintzman  Limited 


(Opp.  City  HaU) 


41  West  Queen  St.,  Toronto 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Aug.,  19 IG 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXVll 


is  appreciated  by  discerning  people  because — 
Only  the  best  materials  are  used, 
Of  our  exclusive  process  of  fermentation, 

Of   the   exactness  of   manufacturing  methods,   assuring   bread  and    buns   of    uniform 
excellence, 
The  greatest  cleanliness  is  observed  in  the  manufacture  and  distribution. 

SWF-UfE 

MADE     AND     WRAPPED     BY     MACHINERY 


The  Peculiar  Advantage 


•I 


of  the 


Prominent  physicians  and 
gynecologists  everywhere 
recommend  the  MARVEL 
Syringe  in  cases  of  Leu- 
corrhea.Vaginitis  and  other 
Vaginal  diseases.  It  al- 
ways gives  satisfaction. 


All  Druggists  and  Dealers 
in  Surgical  Instruments  sell 
it.     For  literature,  address 

MARVEL   COMPANY 

'44  E.  23rd  Street,  NEW  YORK 


Marvel  "Whirling 
Spray''  Syringe 

is  that  The  Marvel,  by  its 
Centrifugal  action,  dilates 
and  flushes  the  vaginal  passage 
with  a  volume  of  whirling 
fluid,  which  smooths  out  the 
folds  and  permits  the  injec- 
tion to  come  in  contact  with 

its  entire  sur- 
face. 

The  Marvel  Company 
was  awarded  the  Gold 
Medal,  Diploma  and 
Certificate  of  Appro- 
bation by  the  Societe 
D'Hyfiene  de  France, 
atParii,Oct.  9, 1902. 


Wlieii    wiitin.i;   .■ulvertisers,    please   mention   The   Hospital    World. 


XXVlll 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


Aug.,  1916 


Cut  Flowers  for  the  Sick  Room 


^  I  ^HERE  is  a  feeling  abroad  that  physicians  are  sometimes  apt  to  pay 
-^  less  attention  than  they  should  to  the  aesthetic  side  of  their  profes- 
sion. Can  there  be  any  question  as  to  the  added  comfort  to  the  patient, 
during  the  weary  days  of  convalescence,  of  the  fragrance  of  Nature's  most 
beautiful  products  in  the  form  of  Roses,  Carnations,  and  other  cut  flowers  ? 

May  I  ask  Physicians  to  note  that  /  ma^e  a  specialty  of  cut  flowers  of 
almost  any  kind. 

Particular  attention  is  called  to  my  three-year-old  Rose  Plants,  ready 
for  planting,  and  which  I  svill  deliver  at  $1.50  per  dozen.  They  are 
Hybrid  Teas,  and  will  bloom  all  summer  long. 

Special  prices  quoted  to  Hospitals  and  Doctors 


W.  J.  Lawrence 


152  Roselawn  Avenue 


Toronto 


Phone  North  2221 


Hospital  Superintendents 

should  instruct  their  Nurses  and  Domestics  to  use 

GILLETT'S  LYE 

for  disinfecting  sinks,  closets  and  drains.  It  is  also  ideal  for  the 
cleansing  of  urinals  and  bed  pans — in  fact  any  vessel  that  requires 
disinfecting.  Gillett's  Lye  should  always  be  used  for  scrubbing 
hospital  bath  tubs  and  operating  room  floors. 

For  cleansing  and  disinfecting, dissolve  one  teaspoonful  of  Gillett's 
Lye  in  two  gallons  of  water. 


(s^y^^^Js 


BEWARE   OF   IMITATIONS 


E.  W.  Gillett  Co.  Ltd. 

TORONTO,  ONT. 


Winnipeg 


Montreal 


"Vhen   writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Aug.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXIX 


A  Strictly 
Sanitary  Laundry 

Two  of  our  strong  points  are: 

1st.  We  will  not  accept  laundry 
from  any  place  where  there 
is  contagious  disease. 

2nd.  Our  prompt  delivery. 

Ever  go  to  dress  and  find 
that  CLEAN  LINEN  you 
counted    on    hadn't    come  ? 

No  trouble  hke  that  with 
the  Yorkville  Laundry 
Prompt  dehvery  is  an  ab- 
solute     rule     with     us. 

Yorkville  Laundry 

45  Elm  St.,  Toronto       Phone  M.  1589 


Pnysicians    should     always    remember 
that  by  the  use  of 

THE  DELANEY  DUSTLESS  AND 
FIREPROOF  SIFTER 

all  further  trouble  from  dust  in  the  house- 
hold is  eliminated,  no  more  Bronchial 
Coughs  from  dust  in  the  sleeping  rooms  as 
the  atmosphere  of  the  house  is  sweet  and 
clean.  The  publishers  of  this  Journal  re- 
commend the  adoption  of  The  Deianey 
Dustless  Sifter  as  a  sanitary  measure. 

W.  H.  DELANEY 
89  West  Marion  St. 

Phone  Park  4992. 


Toronto 


Physician's  Scale. 

Designed  especially  for  use  in  Hospitals, 
in  offices  of  physicians.  Something  that  is 
essential  in  connection  with  every  private 
bathroom. 

Scale  is  ordinarily  finished  black,  with  bronze 
ornamentation,  but  is  also  furnished  in  liKht  colors, 
elaborately  ornamented,  with  nickel-plated    beam 
Scale  is  furnished  with  or  without  measuring  rod 
as  desired.    Write  for  prices. 

GURNEY  SCALE  CO. 

HAMILTON,  ONT. 

When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


XXX 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Aug.,  1916 


LIABILITY  of 


PHYSICIANS,  SURGEONS,  DENTISTS 
and  DRUGGISTS 

LIABILITY  on  account  of 

Automobile  Accidents 

involving   injury    to    PERSONS    or    PROPERTY    (including    Owner's) 

INSURANCE   for   LOSS   OF   INCOME 
by  reason  of  ACCIDENT  and  SICKNESS 


UNDERTAKEN    BY 


The  General  Accident  Assurance  Company  of  Canada 

Continental  Life  Building,  Toronto,  Ontario 
Represented  in  all  imp^ortant  parts  of  Canada.  Enquiries  respectfully  solicited- 

JOHN  J.  DURANCE,  Manager 


The  Thomson  Monument  Co.,  Limited 


862  DUPONT  STREET,  TORONTO 


PHONE  HILL.  3039 


Individual 

Designs 

Cheerfully 

Submitted 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


Aug.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXXI 


THE  BRANSTON  VIOLET  RAY  HIGH 

FREQUENCY    GENERATOR    Made  ,n  Canada 


Lighting  Current. 


A  Portable  High  Frequency  Outfit 
Extremely  Compact  and  of  High  Efficiency 

Our  Model  6  Generator  is  particularlv  well  designed 
for  the  physician  desiring  a  portable  High  Frequency 
Coil  giving  a  range  of  High  Frequency  suitable  for 
all  forms  of  treatment. 

The  coils  and  condenser  are  wound  to  give  a  current 
of  exceedingly  high  voltage  and  oscillation  and  at 
the  same  time  generate  sufficient  heat.  It  gives 
about  two  million  oscillations  or  vibrations  per 
second.  The  c  nnecting  cords  and  insulated  handle 
are  sparkless.  It  can  be  regulated  to  give  any  strength 
of  current  desired  and  is  built  to  last  for  years.  The 
coils  are  impregnated  by  a  special  vacuum  process 
which  makes  a  burnout  practically  impossible. 
It  is  mounted  in  a  leather  covered  velvet  lined  case 
8x12x6  inches.  Ample  space  is  provided  for  ten 
electrodes,  handle,  conducting  cords,  etc. 
Full  descriptive  catalogue  and  prices  showing  our 
complete  line  of  machines  and  electrodes. 

Manufaciured  by 

CHAS.  A.  BRANSTON  CO. 

Offices  and  Factory:  359  Yonge  Street 
Phone  Main  1712 

Canadian  Representatives  for  the  Celebrated 
White  Gross  Vibrators  ^nd  Electric  Specialties 


INVALID  STOUT 
For  Weak  Folks 


8 


0BQ0gTRENGTHENING  and 
nourishing  qualities,  com- 
bine  d  with  a  really 
acceptable  flavor,  make 

Dominion  Brewery's  Invalid  Stout 

the  ideal  beverage  for  convales- 
cents and  bilious  people.  It  is 
digestible  and  non-gassy. 

Order  at  any  of  the  dealers 

Dominion  Brewery  Co., 


LIMITED 


TORONTO 


When   writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XXXll 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


Aug.,  1910 


GLYCO-THYMOLINE 


IS  INDICATED  IN 

Catarrhal 
Conditions 

of  mucous  me  m- 
branes  in  all  parts  of 
the  body  —  maintains 
Asepsis  without  irri- 
tation—  reduces  con- 
gestion and  by  stimu- 
lating the  capillaries 
to  increased  activity 
restores  normality. 


:..J^iL^ 


Perfect  Mouth  Wash 


For  Daily  Use 

Keeps  the  mouth  Alkaline  as 
nature  intended  it  should  be. 
Stops  the  formation  of  lactic  acid 
and  prevents  dental  decay. 

LITERATURE  ON  REQUEST 

KRESS    &    OWEN   CO. 

361-363  Pearl  St.       '.•       New  York 


When  writins  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Name 


XD  A  Y  AND  HIGH  FREQUENCY 
■IVr\  I  APPARATIK! 


APPARATUS 


iician 
Hospital 


Interrupterless 
X«Ray  Transformer 


MEDAL  OF  HONOR 

Panama  Pacific  International 
Exposition 

San  Francisco         -         1915 


Model  "E" 
Portable  X-Ray 
and  HifiTh  Fre- 
quency Coil 


Highest  Award  to  X-Ra^  and  High  Frequency  Apparatus 

CAMPBELL  ELECTRIC  COMPANY,  Lynn,  Mass. 

Sales  Agencies— Principal  Cities 


HOSPITAL  EFFICIENCY 

Heating  and  Ventilating  cannot  be 
made  an  entire  success  in  the  Hospital 
unless  the  efficient  "Keith  Fan"\s  used. 

This  Fan  is  made  to  meet  the 
severest  requirements  of  operation, 
producing  a  constant  temperature  and 
varied  air  volume  according  to  your 
needs.  It  is  built  and  constructed  under 
the  latest  and  most  approved  plan  and 
in  addition  commends  itself  to  the 
economical  on  account  of  its  service 
>  *  and  durability. 

See  our  new  Catalogue  No.  55. 

Sheldons  Limited,  Gait,  Ont. 

TORONTO  OFFICE,  609  KENT  BUILDING 
AGENTS  : 
Messrs.  Ross  &  Greig,  412  St.  James  St.,  Montreal.  Que. 
Messrs.  Walkers  Ltd.,  2A1  Stanley  St.,  Winnipeg,  Man. 

Messrs.  Gorman,  Glancey  &  Grindley  Ltd.,  Calgary  and  Edmonton.  Alta. 
Messrs.  Robt    Hamilton  &  Co  ,  Ltd.,  Vancouver    B.C.,  (Bank  of  Ottawa  Bldg.) 


ECONOMY  IN  YOUR 


X-RAY  WORK 


EVERY  good  hospital  manager  is  interested  in  improving  the  standing  of  the 
X-Ray  Department,  and  thereby  the  standing  of  the  hospital,  through  the 
better  diagnosis  possible  on  important  cases.      Our  new  MILLIAMPERE 
SECOND     TECHNIQUE    is    the    greatest    advance    in    Radiography    in    years. 
Thoroughly  tested  by  well-known  men  for  months,  it  eliminates  guesswork  entirely. 
INSURES  ECONOMY.       Novice  or  expert  can  make  every  plate  a  valuable 
diagnostic  one.     NO  DUPLICATES  NECESSARY. 
This  means  money  saved  to  your  institution. 

Being  based  on  known  laws  of  the  chemical  effect  of  X-Rays,  one  milliampere 
second  exposure  producing  a  definite  chemical  change  in  a  Paragon  X-Ray  plate, 
proper  exposures  can  be  determined  in  advance,  and  the  highest  grade  of  radi- 
ography produced  with  any  type  of  apparatus. 

No  excuse  for  failures  or  poor  work  now,  if  PARAGON  TECHNIQUE 
is  used. 

Now  ready  for  free  distribution  to  all  radiographers. 

Send  your  radiographer's  name  for  a 
free  copy,  and  see  that  it  is  followed. 
Why  not  have  the  best  work  ? 

Make  the  other  fellow  try  to  produce 
work  equal  to  that  done  at  your  hospital. 

Geo.  W.  Brady  &  Co. 

773  S.  Western  Avenue,  Chicago,  111. 

Stock  carried  by  INGRAM  &  BELL,  Limited,  Toronto 


PHILLIPS*  MILK  OF  MAGNESIA 

"  The  Perfect  Antacid'' 

For    Correcting    Hyperacid    Conditions — Local    or    Systemic.       Vehicle    for    Salicylates, 

Iodides,  Balsams,  Etc. 

Of  Advantage   in   Neutralizing  the   Acid   of   Cows'  Milk   for   Infant   and  Invalid   Feeding. 


Phillips'  Phospho-Muriate 
of  Quinine  compound 

Nori' Alcoholic  Tonic  and  Reconstructive 

^Vith  Marked  Beneficial  Action  upon  the  Nervous  System.     To  be  relied  upon  where 
a  deficiency  of  the  Phosphates  is  evident. 

THE  CHAS,  H,  PHILLIPS  CHEMICAL  CO. 

LONDON     •     NEW  YORK 

Canadian    Repreientatives  :    The  Wingate    Chemical   Co..  Ltd.,    545    Notre    Dame    ^V., 
Montreal,  who  will  be  pleased  to  send  samples  upon  request. 


lift  ©ffirtal  (Prgan  01  ®t|0  QianaJitan  l^napttal  ABBnriatton 


Amm 


V 


mm^.. 


THE 


:--''^ 


IIHOSPITAL  WORLD 


J^-'-   -■ 

,..,3^^^""f  1 

'^.        ^  so.c:  I 

r.    PF.F? 
'--         .     GC?PYj 

t 

L 

1/-:  /( 

Vol.  X  (XXI)         Toronto,  September,  1916 


No.  3 


CONTENTS 


EDITOBIAIiS. 

Page 

The   Restoration   of   Disabled    65 

Line  upon  Line    67 

Cooling   Rooms    69 

ORIGINAI.    CONTBIBUTIONS. 

Concerning  tlie  Architecture,  Con- 
struction and  Erection  of  the  Hos- 
pital Kitchen  and  the  Equipment 
of  Same.  By  Von  Ingenieur 
Hitzlee,  Wurzburg.  (Translated 
by  Rudolph  Baumart  from  Zeit- 
schrift  fur  Krankenstalten)    70 

The  18th  Annual  Conference  of  the 
American  Hospital  Association, 
Philadelphia,   Sept.    26-29    83 

ST 


=  -^p--|>J 


"rr^'T- 


-  ^  _-  ^  J.  ,„ —  J,,  _.-,  9  ^-^  -^ 


WAR   HOSFITAI.S. 

Page 
The  King's  Canadian  Red  Cross  Con- 
valescent   Hospital     89 

Canadian  Red  Cross  Hospital  Opened 

at  Buxton,   England   91 

Items     92 

BOOK    BEVIEWS. 

A  Text-Boole  of  Physiological   Chem 
istry       94 

A  Text-Book  of  r'hysiological  Chem- 
istry  in   Thirty  Lectures    94 

Industrial  Welfare  Number  of  The 
•Modern    Hospital     95 


\m 


Fellows^  Compound  Syrup 
of  Hypophosphites 

1866-1916 

Not  a  new-born  prodigy  or  an  untried 
experiment,  but  a  remedy  whose  useful- 
ness has  been  fully  demonstrated  during 
half  a  century  of  clinical  application. 

For  50  Years  The  Standard 

5    Syr.  Hypophos.  Comp.  FELLOWS' 

P      .  ^  Cheap  and    Inefficient  Substitutes 

Reiect  ^  PreparaUon.  "Ju«t  as  Good" 


■<M««»M«'<ri»!»'"»''Tn»i-^i>»f»«a»TWta«  »  ■. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  the  Parliament  of  Canada,  in  the  year  one  thousand  nine  hundred  and  twelve. 
by  the  Publishers  at  the  Department  of  Agriculture.     All  rights  reserved. 


LISTERINE 

A  safe,  non- poisonous,  unirritating  antiseptic  solution 

LISTERINE  embodies  a  two-fold  antiseptic  effect,  in  that  after  the  evaporation  of  its 
volatile  constituents — thyme,  eucalyptus,  mentha,  gaultheria  and  ethyl  alco- 
hol— a  film  of  boracic  and  benzoic  acids  remains  upon  the  surface  to  which 
Listerine   has   been    applied,   affording   more  prolonged  antiseptic  protection. 

LISTERINE  is  a  trustworthy  surgical  dressing  ;  it  has  no  injurious  effect  upon  the  tissues  in 
which  the  healing  process  is  going  on. 

LISTERINE  in  proper  dilution  is  useful  in  the  treatment  of  abnormal  conditions  of  the 
mucosa  and  forms  a  suitable  wash,  gargle  or  douche  in  catarrhal  conditions  of 
the  nose  and  threat. 

LISTERINE  in  teaspoonful  doses  will  often  afford  relief  in  fermentative  dyspepsia  and  is 
largely  prescribed,  with  excellent  results,  in  the  various  forms  of  diarrhoea 
occurring  in  infants  and  adults. 

LISTERINE  literature,  including  special  pamphlets  upon  Disorders  of  Digestion  and 
Respirator})    Diseases,    may     be    had,     by    physicians,    upon    application    to 

LAMBERT   PHARMACAL   COMPANY 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  U.S.A. 

Church  and  Gerrard  Sts.  Toronto,  Canada. 


Is  jour  estate  properly 
protected? 

No  matter  how  little  or  how  much  you  own,  these 
possessions  make  up  your  estate,  and  should  be  pro- 
tected by  efficient  and  economical  management. 
This  can  best  be  done  by  an  Executor  or  Trustee. 
This  Company,  by  acting  in  this  capacity,  will  give 
your  estate  the  benefit  of  experience  gained  in  the 
management  of  many  estates,  of  large  and  of  only 
moderate  size,  and  will  scrupulously  guard  the  in- 
terests of  your  heirs. 

No  charge  for  drawing  up  your  will  when  the  Sterling 
Trusts  Corporation  is  appointed  your  executor  and 
trustee. 

Our  officers  will  give  you  further  information  on 
request. 

Sterling  Trusts 

CORPORATION 

.^.^J^^SIOCfsiJ  MANAGIN6-OIRECTOR 

<^.  S     OINNICK  HERBERT  WADDINGTON 

60  KING  ST. EAST   "M^Vr'7?'^=  TORONTO 


Sept.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Ether  for  Anaesthesia 

HARTZ 

AN  ETHER  SPECIALLY  PREPARED 
AND  PURIFIED  FOR  ANAESTHESIA 

By  a  new  process  invented  by 
PROF.  G.  MICHAELIS 


This  new  process  enables  us  to  place  with  the 
Profession  an  Ether  far  superior  to  any  Ether  hereto- 
fore sold.  By  it,  impurities,  which  have  up  to  the 
present  been  found  in  small  quantities  in  the  best 
ethers,  have  been  entirely  eliminated. 

A  SIMPLE  TEST  MAY  BE  APPLIED  TO 
PROVE  THE  SUPEHIORITY  OF  OUR  ETHER 

If  10-CC  of  our  Ether  be  shaken  with  1-CC  of  Nessler's 
reagent,  the  reagent  will  not  show  more  than  a  faint 
opalescence  ;  while  if  the  same  test  is  applied  to  other 
ethers  the  reagent  will  at  once  turn  dark,  due  to  the 
impurities  which  they  contain. 

We  Guarantee  the  Quality  of  Our  Ether 
and  Solicit  Your   Trial  Order 

SPECIAL  HOSPITAL  PRICES  FOR  QUANTITY 

THE  J.  F.  HARTZ  CO.,  LTD. 

Physicians'  and  Hospital  Supplies 

TORONTO  CANADA 

When  writing  advertisers,    please   mention   Tlie   Hospital    World. 


11 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Sept.,  liJlB 


Hospital  Superintendents 

should  instruct  their  Nurses  and  Domestics  to  use 

GILLETT'S  LYE 

for  disinfecting  sinks,  closets  and  drains.  It  is  also  ideal  for  the 
cleansing  of  urinals  and  bed  pans — in  fact  any  vessel  that  requires 
disinfecting,  Gillett's  Lye  should  always  be  used  for  scrubbing 
hospital  bath  tubs  and  operating  room  floors. 

For  cleansing  and  disinfecting. dissolve  one  teaspoonful  of  Gillett's 
Lye  in  two  gallons  of  water. 


(^U'^TTs 


BEWARE  OF  IMITATIONS 


E.  W.  Gillett  Co.  Ltd. 

TORONTO,  ONT. 


Winnipeg 


Montreal 


DESCRIPTION  OF  DOLL.— Over  5  feet  tall,  made  of  finely  woven 
stockinet.  Is  durable,  waterproof  and  sanitary.  Has  copper  Reservoir 

-EAifih  has  three  tubes  leading  into  it,  correspcnJinK  in  location  and 

■^ize^o  the  urethra,  yaginal  and  rectal  passages. 


The  Chase  Hospital  Doll 

For  Use  in  Training  Schools 

Adult  size,  also  infant  models,  2,  4 
and  12  months,  and  4-year-old  sizes. 

Chase  dolls  are  well  made  of  cloth, 
jointed,  and  painted  with  waterproof 
paint,  with  internal  reservoirs. 

The  Value 

of  this  substitute  of  a  living  model  is 
found  in  the  many  practical  lessons 
which  can  be  taught  in  the  class  room, 
such  as  handling  of  patients,  admin- 
istering enema,  douching,  probing  in 
the  ear  and  nose  cavities — in  short, 
the  complete  care  of  the  patient. 


We  make  dolls  with- 
out reservoir  if  desired . 
Send  for  illustrated 
booklet  gi^^ng  full 
particulars . 


M.  J.  CHASE 

22  Park  Place,  Pawtucket,  R.I. 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The,  Hospital  World. 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  AYOKLD 


111 


The  Medical  Profession 

Endorses  the  Wonderful 

Properties  of 

"THERMOGENE" 

8  Million  Packets  Sold  in  1914 

THREE  MILLION    PACKAGES   HAVE    BEEN  SENT  TO  AND  ARE 
NOW    BEING  USED  BY  THE  RED  CROSS  SOCIETY  IN  BELGIUM. 

For  the  alleviation  of  pain  and  the  effecting  of  a  speedy  and  certain  cure  in  all  cases 
of  Rheumatism,  Bronchitis,  Lumbago,  Colds  on  the  Chest,  Sprains,  etc.,  etc., 
THERMOGENE  is  wonderfully  efficacious. 

THERMOGENE  is  a  curative  absorbent,  scientifically  medicated  and  prepared,  thus 
rendering  it  warming,  curative  and  pain-dispelling  in  its  effect. 

Ready  for  instant  application,  does  not  blister  and  can  be  worn  day  or  night  without 
the  slightest  discomfort. 

THERMOGENE  has  the  endorsement  of  the  highest  medical  authorities.  A  Free 
Package  will  be  sent  to  any  Doctor  on  request. 

THE  THERMOGENE  CO.,  LTD.,  Hayward's  Heath,  London,  Eng. 

Canadian  Ajenti  :  HAROLD  F.  RITCHIE  &  CO.,  TORONTO 


MEDICAL  COUNCIL 
OF  CANADA 

October    Examinations,    1916 

The  Fall  examinations  of  the 
Medical  Council  of  Canada 
will  be  held  at  Montreal  and 
Halifax  on  October  10th.  1916. 

Forms  of  certificate  may  be 
obtained  from  the  Registrar 
at  any  time. 


Registration 


for  the  October 
Examination  will  close  promptly 
at  the  Registrar's  Office  in 
Ottawa,  on  September  12th, 
1916.      

R.W.  POWELL,M.D.,Registrar 
180  Cooper  St.,  Ottawa 


Milk  Made  More  Digestible; 

and  more  p.-ilatable.  The  first  step  in  the  digestion  of  milkj 
coagulation  by  rennet,  is  accomplished  in  Junket  before  itj 
is  eaten. 

Junket 

MADE    WITH      MILK     "^^ 

made  of  absolutely  pure  rennet  and  a  little-table  salt  (noth-- 
ing  else)  is  thus  more  easily  digested  and  more  nourishing 
than  raw  or  pasteurized  milk,  proven  by  t)i^e  fact  that  acids, 
such  as  juices  from  acid  fruits,  have  not  tbe  injurious  effect 
upon  Junket  that  they  have  upon  milk.  ' 

It  is  an  ideal  food  for  invalids,  dyspeptics  and  convales-! 
cents,  as  well  as  an  excellent  diet  (and  dessert)  for  healthy 
people — of  all  ages.  Junket  whey,  containing  to  a  dcgreoj 
every  element  of  nutrition,  is  excellent  as  a  temporary 
substitute  for  milk  and  often  used  as  food  in  cases  ot 
cholera  infantum . 

Junket  is  sold  by  grocers  and  druggists  or  direct  by  us 
to  the  profession  at  75c.  per  hundred  tablets. 

Send  for  interesting  treatise     Junket  in  Dietetics,^' 

and  free  sample,  \ 

CHR.  HANSEN'S  LABORATORY 
Helen  St..  Little  Falls,  N.Y. 

Illlllllillllllllllllillllillllllllllllllllllllllllillilllll 


When   writing  advertisers,    please  mention   The  Hospital   "World. 


IV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  "TARBOX"  DRY-DUSTING  MOPS 

1  Chemically    Treated  — No    Oil    to     Soil- 

Destroy  Nothing  Except  the  Drudgery  of  the 

DAILY  DUSTING 

The  chemical  action  causes  the  Mop  to  absorb  just  sufficient 
dampness  from  the  Atmosphere  to  collect  and  hold  the  dust 
while  working — Do  not  flit  the  dust — Do  not  smear  or  dissolve 
the  floor  wax  as  oils  do. 

"  Tarbox  "  Dry-Dusting  Mops  are  not  Dry  Mops. 
Note  the  distinction. 

The  whole  room  may  be  dusted 
without  fear  of  smearing  or  soil- 
ing anything — Paper,  Bases  or 
Mats. 

Every  dusting  adds  that  desired 
sheen  to  waxed  floors. 

The  essentia]  chemical  used  is 
a  germicide. 

Made  in  Canada 
Sold  in  Foreign  Countries 

Manufactured  by   TARBOX  BROS.,  TORONTO,  CANADA 

Sole  Factors  for  the  United  Kingdoms  :  J.  &   A.    McFarlane,  Ltd.,    Glasgow,   Scotland 


iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiitiiiiiiii 


iiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiiriMiini 


I  No.   106. 

I     Strong,  substantial,  heavily  silver- 
I  plated,  highly  polished. 

Tittitititifi(i[!iiiiiiiiiiiinr(uiiiriiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii:i!iHiiiiiiiitiiinnnNiiiiiiiiiiiiriiiniiii 


PHYSICIANS  KNOW 


that  the  days  of  the  common  Drinkine  Cup  are  passed 
and  Eone.  One  of  the  marked  advances  in  Sanitation 
during  the  past  year  or  two  is  the  introduction  of  the 
Single  Service  Sanitary  Drinking  Cup  as  a  guarantee 
against  infection  from  many  types  of  Communicable 
Disease.  Not  only  Members  of  trie  Profession,  but 
all  Public  Institutions,  including  Hospitals,  should 
acquaint  themselves  with  the  merits  of 

The  Vortex  System 

which  dispenses  entirely  with  the  washing  and  steriliz- 
ing of  Glasses  and  Chinaware.  The  VORTEX  SYSTEM 
is  unquestionably  the  most  Sanitary  in  exis'ence  and  has 
already  the  endorsement  of  a  large  number  of  Health 
Authorities.  It  may  be  said  without  fear  of  contradic- 
tion that  it  meets  the  requirements  of  all  Sanitary  Laws 
in  reference  to  the  PREVENTION  of  THE  SPREAD 
OF  DISEASE. 

The  cups  are  made  of  pure  white  rice  paper,  paraf- 
fined, and  the  initial  cost  is  trifling.  Once  installed  in 
an  institution,  the  System  will  never  be  substituted. 
The  cups  are  made  for  either  hot  or  cold  drinks  and 
once  used  are  immediately  discarded. 

You  are  asked  to  write  for  particulars. 

Canadian 
Wm.   A.  Rogers  Limited 

570  King  Street  West     -      -     Toronto 


When  writing  advertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital    World. 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Hospital 

Superintendents 

Know 

that  nothing  is  so  detrimental  to  the 
health  of  patients  as  the  lack  of  the 
normal  percentage  of  moisture  in  the 
air  they  breathe.  How  often  it  has  been 
demonstrated  beyond  question  that  the 
moment  the  air  of  the  sleeping  room 
becomes  too  dry,  just  so  soon  will  the 
inmate  of  that  room  suffer  from  sore 
throat,  headache,  sleeplessness  and  gen- 
eral malaise,  a  condition  that  is  at  once 
changed  on  returning  to  normal  con- 
ditions. The  attention  of  Hospitals,  therefore,  is 
particularly  called  to 

The  Radiator  Humidifying  Pan 


(PATENT) 


This  is  a  strongly  made  metal  device  so 
shaped  that  it  snugly  fits  any  standard 
steam  or  hot  water  radiator,  out  of  sight, 
between  the  radiator  and  the  wall.  This 
pan  is  filled  with  water,  which  evaporates 
very  rapidly,  converting  the  air  of  the 
room  or  corridor  into  moist,  wholesome, 
healthful  atmosphere  that  Nature's  good 
health  demands.  This  is  the  very  thing 
needed  in  all  Institutions,  not  only  Hos-' 
pitals,  but  Asylums,  Sanatoria,  and 
Public   Charitable   Institutions    as    well. 

One  Radiator  Humidifying  P.an  to  each 
steam  or  hot  water  Radiator  gives  ample 
humidity  to  any  room. 

The  first  cost  is  the  onlj'  cost,  and  they 
A\ill  last  a  lifetime. 

$1.50  each. 

Superintendents  should  at  once  look  into 
the  merits  of  this  device.  Full  particular 
can  be  ootained  from 

Wilson  Specialties 

33  Melinda  Street,  Toronto 

Manchester  Building 
Phone  Adelaide   3089 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


VI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Sept.,  1916 


ROLLING 

RECLINING 

AND  CARRYING 


CM^IK: 


ITE     FOR 

rade:"C"Catalogue 
containing 
FULL  LINE 


ONTO 


GENDRONMFG.CO.    Cana^ 

LIMITE.D- 


COWAN'S  COCOA 

IS  ABSOLUTELY  PURE 


As  a  sick-room  beverage 
Cowan's  Cocoa  is  highly 
recommended  on  account 
of  its  high  quality  and 
absolute  purity.  It  is  made 
of  the  best  selected  cocoa 
beans,  scientifically  blend- 
ed, and  contains  no  for- 
eign elements.  And  it  is 
prepared  in  a  large  modern 
factory  where  the  most 
sanitary  conditions  are 
maintained. 


THE  COWAN  CO.,  LIMITED 

TORONTO 


RESULTS 


I^TOTHING  but  a  successful  plate  will  produce 
successful  "first  time"  results.  That  is  what  the 
Roentgenologist  must  have  in  order  to  properly  diagnose 
the  case.  Seed  X-Ray  Plates  are  dependable,  rapid  and 
accurate,  and  give  "  first  time  "  results. 

For  sale    by  all  supply  houses. 
Pamphlet    by   mail   on    request. 

CANADIAN    KODAK    CO. 

LIMITED 
TORONTO 


When   writing  attvertisers,    please   mention   Tlie   Hospital   World. 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


vn 


Attention  of  Canadian  Hospitals 


We  are 
manufactur- 
ers of  Metal 
Hospital 
Furniture 
of  all  kinds. 

Wheel 
Apparatuses 

Cabinets 
Screens,  etc. 


CANADA  FIRST 


No  matter 
how  small 
your  re- 
quirements, 
let  us  have  a 
chance  to 
give  you  a 
price. 


THE  METAL  CRAFT  CO. 

GRIMSBY,  ONTARIO,  CANADA 


CEND  your  Christmas 
^  parcels  for  overseas 
early  this  year — there'll 
be  a  rush  later. 

To  give  a  lot  of  pleasure, 
include 

Adams' 

Tutti  Frutti 

Gum 

A  box  holds  five  different 
flavors,  securely  wrapped. 
This  is  good  to  remember 
and  to  suggest  to  your  friends. 


When   writing  advertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Vlll 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


Sept.,  1916 


SPECIALISTS,  PLEASE  NOTE 

"Rigo"  Eye  Pipette 

has  a  round  point  that 
can  be  injected  under 
the  eyelids  without 
injuring  the  eye. 

Better  prescribe  this 
article  for  your  patient, 
not  leave  it  for  them  to 
buy  the  ordinary  medi- 
cine dropper. 

Most  druggists  have 
them;  all  can  procure 
them  from  us. 

Each  Pipette  in  a  slide  box, 
retails  for  10  cents. 

Write  us  for  a  sample. 

The  Richards  Glass  Co.,  Ltd. 

265  Adelaide  St.  W.,  Toronto 


NURSES'  AGENCY 

Physicians  should  note  that  I  am  prepared 
to  supply  Graduate,  Undergraduate  and 
District  Nurses,  at  any  hour,  night 
or  day.  I  use  the  greatest  of  care  to  supply 
only  women  of  unquestioned  reputation  and 
ability. — A  trial  call  solicited. 

9  a.m.  to  5.30  p.m. 
Telephone  Main  1507 

Nights,  Sundays  and  Holidays, 
Telephone  Park.  5320 

H.  S.  DAVEY 

163 '4  Church  St.  Toronto 


Members  of 

THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION 

desirous  of  getting  rid  of  the  worry  of  book- 
keeping and  who  have  not  had  the  time  to  give 
the  attention  necessary  for  the  successful  collec- 
tion   of    their    accounts,    should    call    upon 

H.  R.  Heyes  &  Company 

59  YONGE  ST.,  TORONTO 

Messrs.  Heyes  &  Co.  are  prepared  to  attend  to  all  such 
details,  not  only  the  actual  collection  of  the  accounts  ;  but, 
through  a  special  system  of  their  own,  attend  to  all  book-keeping 
and  records,  mailing  of  monthly  statements,  etc.,  etc. 

The  firm  will  be  very  glad  to  hear  from  physicians,  and,  on 
receipt  of  a  post  card  or  phone  message,  will  call  upon  the  Doctor 
at  his  office  at  any  convenient  hour. 

The  Telephone  No.  is  "M.  4962" 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Sept.,  191 G 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


IX 


A  Reliable  Disinfectant 

Piatt  s  Cnlorides  Has  a  record  oi 
over  thirty-six  years,  and  has  the 
endorsement  or  the  medical  pro- 
fession. 

A  po"weriul  disinfectant  and  de- 
odorant ^vhich  destroys  germs  and 
had  odors. 

Is  absolutely  Odorless  and  does 
not  cover  one    odor   ■w'lth  another. 

Chlorides 

TIiG    Odor-lesrs 

Two  Sizes — 25c.  and  50c. 

Sold  everywhere. 

Write  for  booklet  to  tlie  manufacturer 

HENRY  B.  PLATT,  51  Cliff  St. 

NEW  YORK  CITY 


A  POPULAR  PHYSICIAN 

The  common-sense  treatment 
of  uric  acid  diathesis,  gout,  and 
other  therapeutically  trouble- 
some stages  of  rheumatism,  by 
recommending  the  daily  use  of 
PLUTO  WATER  has  helped  to 
build  many  a  physiciau's  repu- 
tation. 

Clinical  data,  substantiating 
the  claims  made  for  PLUTO 
WATER  mailed  on  request. 

PLUTO 

Bottled  by  the  FRENCH  LICK  SPRINGS  HOTEL  CO., 
Freiiwh  Lick,  Indiana. 


In  order  to  Duild  up  a  patient's  strength  after  ill- 
ness, rrom  "wnatever  cause,  increase  tne  naemoglobin 
in  the   red    dIoocI   corpuscles    by    prescribing 

O'Keefe's  Old  Stock  Ale 
Pilsener    Lager 

OR 

Extra  Mild  Stout 

These  malt  preparations  \vill  increase  appetite,  nelp 
tne  patient  to  sleep  and  rapidly  bring  nim  back  to 
normal  healtn. 

When   writing  advertisers,    please   mention   The   Hospital   World. 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Sept.,  1916 


rJ/^QPTXAT      PmTTIPMFXrnr       The  New  General  Hospital  of  Montreal,  and  scores 
^^^-^''-^^^  ^  ^^*-'     l^yyuxiTiVlLii'^  X        ^f    other    Canadian    Hospitals,    are    equipped    with 

'  Alaska  "  Beds  and 

OSTERMOOR    MATTRESSES 

They  last  a  lifetime,  and  are  absolutely  satisfactory.     More  sanitary  than  hair — for  less  money. 


THE  ALASKA  FEATHER  AND  DOWN  CO.,  Limited 


Montreal  and  Winnipeg 


GERMICIDAL  SOAP 

For  Hospital  use,  the  Soap  par  excellence. 

For  preparing  antiseptic  solutions  (no  weighing,    measuring 
or  waste). 

For  sterilizing  hands,  instruments  and  site  of  operation. 
For  cleansing  w^ounds  (bruises,  abrasions,  ulcers,  etc.). 
For  disinfecting  surface  lesions. 

For  lubricating  sounds  and  specula.     It  does  not  affect  nickel 
or  steel  instruments,  but  acts  on  silver  or  aluminum. 

Germicidal  Soap  lends  itself  to  a  hundred  uses  in  the  Hospital. 
Our  word  and  reputation  are  back  of  its  worth. 

Sample  with  descriptive  literature  sent  on  request. 

PARKE,   DAVIS   a   CO. 

WALKERVILLE  ONTARIO 

Eastern  Depot— 118  St.  Paul  Street  W.,  Montreal,   Quebec, 


When   writing   adveitiseis.    please   mention   The   Hospital    World. 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOULD 


XI 


Seal 

COFFEE 


F^- 


Prized  equally  in 
hospital  and  home, 
because  no  other 
Coffee  is  at  once 
so  rich,  so  strong, 
so  delicate,  and  so 
unfailingly   ^ood. 


In  %,  1  and  2  pound  cans. 
Whole  —  ground  —  pulverized  — 
also  Fine  Ground  for  Percolators. 


CHASE  &  SANBORN,  MONTREAL. 

160 


The  Soap 
for  health 


Better  to  be 

safe  than 

sorry — 

wash  with 

LIFEBUOY 
SOAP 

ITS  choice  oils 
give  a  smooth 
velvety  lather 
that  soothes  while 
itcleansestheskin 
— Its  mild  carbolic 
solution  means  no 
germs.  The  odor 
does  not  cling,  but 
vanishes  a  few 
seconds  after  use. 

Grocers  sell  Lifebuoy 
Healthy  Soap 


lbl4 


':^^m 


^^3S 


^ 


When   writins   advertisers,    please  ni'^'-tion   The   Hospital   ^Vorld. 


Xll 


TFIE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


Sept.,  1916 


To  Lysol  Buyers 


THE  attention  of  the  Hospitals  is  respectfully 
called  to  this  FACT,  that  when  in  need 
of  the  above  they  can  procure  an  article 
identical  to  Lysol,  under  the  name  of  "Solyol," 
which  is  manufactured  in  Canada  and  is  guaranteed 
by  Bacteriological  and  all  other  tests  to  be  identical 
to   Lysol. 

They  also  manufacture  Polusterine,  the  only  non-poisonous 
disinfectant  on  the  market  with  the  same  Rydal  Walker  co- 
efficient as  the  above.  This  is  a  medicinal  article  prepared 
from  the  essential  oil  of  the  pine  (Pinus  Palustris)  with 
Eucalyptol,  Oil  of  Thyme,  etc.;  is  miscible  in  water  to  any 
strength  desired  and  has  the  pleasant  odor  of  the  pine.  Will 
dry  up  Poison  Ivy  and  Scaly  Eczema  in  from  four  to  eight 
days.  Contains  neither  Soap  nor  Rosin.  Ideal  for  bathing 
patients  recovering  from  contagious  diseases. 

SAMPLES  AND  LITERATURE  WILL  CHEERFULLY 
BE    FURNISHED    ON    APPLICATION    TO  THE 


POLUSTERINE   PRODUCTS 

Toronto,  Ont. 


CO.  OF  CANADA 


HEADQUARTERS    FOR 

OFFICERS'  KHAKI  UNIFORMS 

AND  EQUIPMENT  FOR 

ARMY    MEDICAL    CORPS. 

WARRANTED  Correct  in  Design  and  Fit  at  Rsasonable  Prices 


DOCTOR'S  HOSPITAL  SUITS 
HOSPITAL  LINEN 


THE      MILLER      MANUFACTURING,     LIMITED, 

44-46     YORK     STREET  -  -  TORONTO,     ONTARIO 

Uniform  Contractors  to  the  Dominion  and  Imperial  Governments. 

When  Enquiring  be  sure  to  Specify  what  you  are  Particularly  Interested  in. 


When   writing  advertisers,   please  mention   Tlie   Hospital   World. 


Sept..  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


xiu 


The  Largest  Hospitals 


have  proved 


Made 

in 

Canada 


i)\i 


fytu^^E■fWEiG^^T 

FLOOR 
WAX. 

'  nj^ORi  IfTPOCB  ■oco/'**' 


mm 


Full 

Net 

Weight 


Saves  money  and  labor,  giving  best 
satisfaction. 

Especially  adapted  for  cork 
linoleum,  composition  and  hard- 
wood floors. 

Write  for  prices  and  one  pound 
tin  free  for  trial. 

Manufactured  by 

COOKE  S  BOOLTOM,  ''Io'JjJ'n^'o  ^• 


DOCTOR 

IN'   CASES  OF 

Delayed  Convalescence  or 
for  Patients  in  Need  of  an 
Invigorating   Tonic 

PRESCRIBE 

Puritan  Invalids' 
Port  Wine 

It  is  made  from  Canadian 
Grapes  and  medicated  with 
Cinchona  Bark.  Procur- 
able   from    any    druggist. 

Price  One  Dollar  a'Quart  Bottle 

PURITAN  WINE  CO.,  TORONTO 

Telephone  Park.  5454 


La  Deesse 
Corsets 

Excel  in  Style 

Comfort 

Satisfaction 


Try  them  and  be 
convinced. 


GASTROGEN 


Correct 


TABLETS 


Sample  On  Kequest 
Bristol-Myers  Co. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


'When   writing  advi-rlisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XIV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOIH.D 


^ept.,  1916 


T^OCTOR : — In  this  age  the  critical  and  progressive 
^^  Doctor  has  a  keen  appreciation  for  that  which  is 
giving  quick  results. 

JAMUN  COMPOUND  IN  DIABETES 

IS    SPECIFIC    IN    ACTION 

A  modern  product,  strictly  ethical.  Literature  will 
be  sent  to  members  of  the  Medical  Profession  upon 
application. 

The  National.  Drug  and  Chemical  Company  are 
the  wholesale  distributing  agents  for  Canada. 

THE    JAMUN    COMPANY 
343-344  Loeb  Arcade,        -        -        Minneapolis,  Minn. 


SANITARY  WASHING   APPLIANCES 

Manufactured    by 

CANADA  WIRE  AND  IRON  GOODS  CO.,  HAMILTON 


Illustrating:  our  HOLDER!  AND  BASKETS  for  Sterilizing:  Glasses  and  Silverware 

Tliis  type  of  equipment  is  in  use  at  the  Guelph  Agricultural  College.  INQUIRIES    SOLICITED 

We  Manufacture   METAL   LOCKERS  and  HOSPITAL  TABLES 


Invalid  Chairs  and  Tricycles 

OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION 

This  has  been  our  study  for  thirty-five  years.    We  build  Chairs 

that  suit  the  requirements  of  any  case.     If  your  dealer  cannot  ; 

supply  you,  write  us  direct  for  catalogue  No.  80,  and  prices. 


GENDRON  WHEEL  CO., 


-TOLEDO,  O.,  U.S.A. 


VVlion   wriiing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


Sept.,  191G 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XV 


Ingram 

& 

Bell 

LIM  ITED 

TORONTO 


Our  Sundry  Catalog 
awaitsyour  request 


Hospital  Supplies 


Sole  Agents  for 

BRAMHALL  DEANE 

HIGH  PRESSURE  STERILIZERS 

WAPPLER  TRANSFORMERS 

and 

HIGH  FREQUENCY  APPARATUS 


Our  Specialties : 


Alanufacfurers  of 

HYPODERMIC  TABLETS 

COMPRESSED  TABLETS 

ELIXIRS,  OINTMENTS,  Etc. 

FULL  LINE  OF  DRUGS 


A  postal  requesting  quotations  will  receive 
immediate  attention. 


Physicians  know  that 

Hardwood  Floors  are 
Sanitary 

When  consulted  on  the  sub- 
ject, medical  men  will  be  acting 
in  their  own  interests  and  those 
of  their  patients  in  stating  that 
the  best  and  the  cheapest  hard- 
wood floors  in  Toronto  are  laid 
by 

THEO.  S.  WAYDO 

19  Goodwood  Avenue,  Toronto 

Phone  Junction  4828 

Flooring  provided  either  plain  or  orna- 
mental, tongued  and  grooved,  end 
matched  and  blind  nailed.  Prices 
complete,  waxed  and  polished,  17 
cents  per  square  foot  up. 

Remember  the   Name— WAYDO 


For  Hospital  Sun  Rooms 


IMPROVED        (/.''./'''^^•l/''^^^ 


1^  AQUARIA 


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Sbttnra  : 


"  l^ouiiital  iKaittlf  ttanrt  unit 
3Fittan«  " 


"  Sfuratng  Sppartmrnt  " 


C  J.C.O.  HASTINGS,  Medical  Healtb 
Officer,  City  of  Toronto;  HELEN  MAC- 
MURCHY,  B.A.,  M.D.,  Assistant  Inspector 
of  Hospitals.  Province  of  Ontario  ;  and  MR. 
CONRAD  THIES,  late  Secy.,  Royal  Free 
Hospital.    London,    England. 

"  l^aiipttal  Equitimrnt  anft 
AppUanrpfl  " 

N.  A.  POWELL.  M.D.,  CM..  Senior 
Assistant  Surgeon  in  charge  Shields'  Emerg- 
ency Hospital.  Professor  Medical  Jurisprudence. 
Medical  Department,  University  of  Toronto. 

"  l^aspitala  auft  prpuftitiut 

J.  W.    S.    McCULLOUGH,    M.D.,  Chief 

Officer  of  Health  for  the  Province  of  Ontario. 

J.  H.  ELLIOTT.  M.D..  Asst.  Medicine  and 
Clinical  Medicine,  Univ.  of  Toronto. 

P.  H.  BRYCE,  M.D..  Chief  Medical  Officer, 
Dept.  of  The  Interior,  Ottawa. 


MISS   MARGARET    CON  ROY,  Boston, 

Mass. 

"  ij^ospital  OlnuBtrurtton  " 

CHRISTIAN  R.  HOLMES,  M.D.,  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio  ;  DONALD  J.  MACKINTOSH, 
M.D.,  M.VO.,  Medical  Superintendent, 
Western  Infirmary,  Glasgow. 

"  jlr&tral  ©rganizatinn  " 
HERBERT  A.  BRUCE,   M.D.,   F.R.S.C, 

Surgeon.  Toronto  Gen-ral  Hospital,  Toronto  ; 
H.  A.  BOYCE.  M.D..  Kingston,  Ont.  ;  H. 
E.  WEBSTER,  Esq.,  Superintendent  the 
Royal  Victoria  Hospital,  Montreal,  P.Q.  ; 
W.  A.  YOUNG.  M.D.,  L.R.C.P..  London. 
Consultant.  Toronto  Hospital  for  Incurables, 
Toronto. 


"  ^atialagu 


J.  T.  GILMOUR.  M.D..  Warden.  Central 
Pri-'on,  Guelph,  Ont. 

"  OIubrrruloBis  &anatxiria  " 

GEORGE  D.  PORTER.  M.D.,  Toronto  ; 
J.  H.  HOLBROOK,  M.B..  Physician-in- 
Chief,  Mountain  Sanatorium,  Hamilton.  Ont. 


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Vol.   X. 


TORONTO,  SEPTEMBER,  1916 


No.  3 


Editorials 


THE  RESTORATION  OF  DISABLED  SOLDIERS 


The  therapeutic  treatment  and  re-education  of  our 
disabled  soldiers  are  making  progress  hand  in  hand 
under  the  painstaking  and  enlightened  policy  of  the 


()6  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Sept.,  1916 

Military  Hospitals  Commission.  Some  of  its  Institu- 
tions are,  naturally,  doing  a  larger  and  more  varied 
work  than  others,  but  the  Commission  is  evidently 
determined,  as  far  as  possible,  to  bring  them  all  up  to 
the  highest  standard  of  efficiency. 

The  aim  of  this  truly  national  work  is  to  secure 
for  every  man  disabled  in  the  service  of  his  country 
restoration  to  active  and  useful  citizenship — restora- 
tion as  complete  as  medical  and  surgical  science  can 
make  it,  with  the  co-operation  of  all  the  social  and 
moral  forces  available. 

The  degree  in  which  success  is  achieved  in  this 
effort  will  be  the  degree  in  which  we  shall  avoid  the 
national  disgrace  of  having  a  class  of  men  among  us 
reduced  to  the  necessity  of  living  on  other  people,  or 
on  their  pensions  alone,  without  doing  their  utmost 
to  support  themselves. 

At  the  Federal  Commission's  Hospitals  and 
Homes,  and  in  other  Institutions  co-operating  with 
them,  we  have  men  already  improving  themselves 
in  such  subjects  as  elementary  English,  French,  writ- 
ing and  arithmetic,  book-keeping  and  mechanical 
drawing,  telegraphy,  carpentry,  wood  carving,  light 
metal  work,  clay-modelling  and  toy-making,  with 
vegetable  and  flower  gardening,  poultry  raising  and 
bee-keeping. 

One  of  the  most  important  steps  lately  taken  for 
the  improvem.ent  of  the  system  is  the  adoption  of  a 
time-table,  sufficiently  elastic  to  meet  the  greatly 
varying  needs  of  the  individual  inmates  of  Military 
Convalescent  Hospitals,  and  at  the  same  time  com- 


Sept.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  67 

prehensive  enough  to  provide,  under  medical  super- 
vision, occupation  of  some  kind  or  other  for  the  whole 
of  the  time.  The  danger  which  this  is  calculated  to 
prevent  will  be  obvious  enough  to  all  our  readers. 


LINE  UPON  LINE 


So  much  has  been  said  and  written  about  the 
necessity  of  pure  milk  supply  that  the  subject  has 
become  too  trite  to  hold  the  attention  of  the  general 
public.  Even  the  medical  profession  is  inclined  to 
dispose  of  it  as  a  platitude.  Yet  every  summer 
emphasizes  the  truth  afresh  and  every  hospital  and 
sick  room  realizes  how  long  a  step  has  yet  to  be  taken 
before  perfectly  pure,  clean  milk,  and  only  such, 
becomes  the  common  and  only  commodity  of  its  kind 
in  the  market. 

There  are  dairies  and  dairies,  of  various  degrees 
of  merit,  some  openly  unfit  and  dirty,  some — and 
these  are  most  to  be  dreaded — making  pretence  of 
cleanliness  by  outside  show;  while  others,  as  yet  in 
the  great  minority,  are  struggling  with  more  or  less 
success  to  measure  up  to  the  standard  that  ensures 
a  safe,  pure  product. 

There  are  notable  dairies  in  this  respect,  and 
certain  points  in  their  conduct  are  worth  noting. 

Special  breeds  of  cows,  such  as  Holsteins  and 
Guernseys,  produce  very  fine  milks  which  may  be 
mixed  without  injury  to  the  flavor  of  either.  These 
cows,  should,  of  course,  be  proved  free  from  tuber- 
culosis by  the  tuberculine  test.    They  are  stalled  in 


68  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Sept.,  1^16 

clean,  well-lit,  well-ventilated  stables  in  preference 
to  pasture  fields.  The  most  up-to-date  dairies  have 
a  lounging  barn,  clean,  sanitary  and  bright,  like  the 
stable,  and  bedded  with  j^lenty  of  fresh  straw,  which 
is  constantly  being  removed  for  farm  manure  and 
replaced  with  the  clean  article. 

Between  the  barn  and  stable  is  a  cleansing  pool 
in  which  the  sides  and  shoulders  and  udders  are 
laved  preparatory  to  milking.  Electrical  milkers 
are  preferably  used,  the  milk  collected  in  closed 
sterile  containers,  and  immediately  taken  to  cold 
storage  and  kept  cool  until  consumption. 

Naturally,  milk  thus  prepared  wdll  cost  more 
than  that  now  delivered  at  the  majority  of  hospitals; 
but  it  should  be  worth  the  value  to  the  sick,  since 
the  guarantee  of  such  richness  and  purity  means 
so  much  in  the  process  of  building  up  the  enfeebled 
body. 

Such  conditions  as  related  are  neither  fanciful 
nor  ideal.  They  exist  in  some  of  the  modern  dairies 
of  the  continent,  and  are  being  widely  copied. 

By-and-by  these  best  things  in  milk  production 
will  become  general  conditions,  and  as  such  become 
the  source  of  milk  supply  for  the  average  citizen 
at  a  cost  wdthin  the  reach  of  the  average  w^age-earner. 
No  other  will  or  should  be  tolerated. 

But  the  education  of  the  people  in  this  as  in  other 
health  reforms  is  slow. 


Sept.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  69 

COOLING  ROOMS 


A  LEADING  hospital  in  New  York  has  recently 
provided  an  especially  cooled  room  for  pneumonia 
cases — the  practical  outcome  of  which  innovation 
has  yet  to  be  announced. 

The  recent  protracted  spell  of  intense  heat  which 
was  so  hard  to  endure  in  the  hospitals,  both  by  pati- 
ents and  staff,  brings  up  the  problem  of  making  pro- 
vision for  cooling  hospital  wards  and  offices.  It  is 
taken  for  granted  that  many  private  wards  are  sup- 
plied with  electric  fans;  but  this  does  not  solve  the 
problem  for  the  public  wards,  since  the  majority  of 
hospitals  do  not  feel  that  they  can  afford  to  provide 
fans  in  sufficient  quantity  for  the  large  wards,  or 
the  cost  of  their  continuous  service.  Awnings,  of 
course,  mitigate  the  heat  somewhat. 

Hospitals  having  the  plenum  system,  by  which  the 
heating  and  ventilating  ai^  provided  by  the  same 
process,  can  always  obtain  cool  air.  In  addition  to 
the  pumping  in  of  washed  air,  which  affords  a  good 
deal  of  cooling,  the  incoming  air-stream  may  be 
drawn  through  a  chamber  partly  filled  with  ice.  To 
such  hospitals  as  are  provided  with  fan  intake  this 
procedure  is  to  be  recommended. 

In  the  future  it  may  be  possible  to  provide  local 
refrigeration  in  large  wards  somewhat  on  the  same 
principle  as  that  now  employed  by  the  John  Manville 
Company  in  the  compact  little  apparatus  in  which 
the  refrigeration  is  produced  by  sulphur  di-oxide. 


70  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKIJ)  Sept.,  1916 

Original  Contributions 


CONCERNING   THE   ARCHITECTURE,  CON 

STRUCTION  AND   ERECTION  OF  THE 

HOSPITAL  KITCHEN  AND  THE 

EQUIPMENT  OF  SAME 


BY  VOX  IXOEXIEUR  HITZLEE,  WURZBURG. 
Translated  by  Rudom'H  Baumakt  from  Zeitschrifl  fiir  Krankenstaltcn. 


W'jiEXEVEK  an  archite?t  is  called  ajjon  to  snlnult  i)laus  for  the 
installation  of  a  coni]ilete  kitchen  for  any  kind  of  an  institution, 
it  is  necessary  to  obtain,  first  of  all,  information  re2;ardinf>;  the 
space  required,  the  equipment  and  all  the  installations  needed, 
as  well  as  the  most  economical  and  practical  arran-icment  of 
such  apparatus. 

The  usual  method  luirsued  for  aainina'  such  information 
is  generally  obtained  throuoh  the  study  of  already  established 
kitchens  in  full  operation,  and  in  absorbiuir  the  experience  and 
knowledge  of  the  management  of  institutions  Avhich  are  o])erar- 
ino-  such  kitchens  and  have  graduallv  solved  and  overcome 
such  problems  as  may  have  presented  tihemselves  from  time  to 
time,  in  the  endeavor  to  place  the  operation  of  this  part  of  the 
institution  on  a  highly  efficient  basis.  It  is  further  customary 
to  ask  for  complete  working  plans  and  specifications  of  kitchens 
from  firms  manufacturing  kitchen  a]:»paratus.  This  method  of 
investigation  will  invariably  result  in  the  return  of  as  many 
diiferent  opinions  and  tiheories  as  the  interested  party  has  asked 
for.  Such  conditions,  however,  will  be  encountered  not  only  in 
cases  of  this  kind,  but  will  prevail  more  or  less  wherever  tech- 
nical specifications  for  complete  equipment  of  large  institutions 
have  been  required. 

The  ideas  regarding  the  number  and  size  of  the  main  work- 
ing rooms  of  the  complete  kitchen  of  a  large  establishment  ditfer 
greatlv.     For  reasons  of  eeonomv  and  easv  manaaemont.  one 


Sept.,  191G  THE  HOSPITAL  WOULD  71 

large  general  room,  sufficiently  equi])})ed.  is  found,  in  many 
instances,  wholly  adequate  for  all  ]iractical  cooking  purposes,  to 
wliicli  may  be  connected  a  small  diet  kitchen  for  short  orders, 
wherever  required. 

In  other  institutions,  again,  one  will  find  that  the  culinary 
department  is  desired  to  be  of  complicated  construction  and 
divided  into  various  sub-departments.  In  the  latter  instance 
separate  rooms  are  demanded,  e.g.,  stt^am  cooking,  frying,  milk, 
so-called  diet  and  cold  service  kitchens ;  a  separate  kitchen  for 
physicians  and  patients  of  the  first  class,  as  well  as  one  for  the 
nurses.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  such  divisions  can  be  of 
practical  value  only  if  applied  to  organizations  of  the  first  mag- 
nitude where  the  so-arranged  different  sub-departments  come 
under  the  supervision  of  already  installed  sub-dopartment  heads. 

The  decision  regarding  the  application  of  any  specific  sys- 
tem should  be  governed,  naturally,  by  the  character  of  the  insti- 
tution in  question,  which  may  be  a  sanatorium  with  only  one 
system  of  diet  (.or  none  at  all — that  is,  to  install  a  kitchen  for 
the  sake  of  completeness  or  emergency  only).  Again  it  may 
be  an  orphans'  home  or  an  establishment  for  the  care  of  the 
old  and  poor;  or  it  may  be  a  hospital  where  in-patients,  as  well 
as  out-patients,  are  treated,  special  attention  being  given  to  an 
elaborate  system  of  variegated  diets. 

All  these  technical  points,  as  well  as  the  psychological  and 
financial  conditions  under  which  the  proposed  kitchen  will  have 
to  operate,  should  be  perfectly  clear  before  a  decision  as  to  the 
number  and  size  of  rooms  is  attempted.  Such  foresight  will 
not  only  secure  the  right  number  and  (for  the  required  service) 
correct  grouping  of  rooms,  but  it  will  also,  in  many  cases,  allow 
the  architect  to  economize  materially  in  the  size  and  often  in 
the  number  of  rooms  required  for  the  purjiose.  Without  this 
information  the  contractor  will  find  it  absolutely  necessary  to 
provide  for  extra  rooms,  and  also  must  figure  the  size  of  all 
rooms  large  enough  to  take  care  of  a  working  capacity  which 
may  greatly  exceed  the  preliminary  estimate. 

Opinions  regardinsr  the  size  of  such  kitchens  vary  greatly. 
For  instance,  the  city  hospital,  St.  Rochus,  of  ^Mainz,  Germany, 
with  a  capacity  to  accommodate  550  patients,  has  a  kitchen 
covering  an  area  of  about  00  square  metres ;  while  the  city  hos- 


a 


73  TEE  HOSPITAL  WOT^LD  Sept.,  191G 

pital  of  South  ^Magai-d.  of  like  size,  boasts  a  kitchen  space  of 
about  160  square  metres.  It  is  obvious  that  dietary  eonditions 
in  these  two  hospitals  must  differ  wideh%  otherwise  it  would  be 
logical  to  assume  this  department  of  one  place  is  much  too  large, 
or  that  of  the  other  much  too  small ;  and,  of  course,  either  condi- 
tion would  be  highly  undesirable. 

Too  small  quarters  will  always  appear  untidy,  are  hard  to 
clean  and,  on  the  whole,  will  be  found  uncomfortable  in  every 
direction.  The  other  extreme  has  also  proved  itself  impractical, 
requiring  too  large  a  working  force,  and — what  should  be 
avoided  most — involve  not  only  an  unnecessary  large  cai)ital 
to  construct,  but  also  will  exceed  greatly  what  may  be  called 
first  practical  upkeep  expense."  In  summing  up,  it  will  be 
comprehensible  that  one  general  scheme,  covering  the  practical 
installation  of  comiilete  diet-kitchens  for  anv  kind  of  institu- 
tion,  as  to  size  and  distribution  of  rooms,  must  be  considered 
more  or  less  impossible. 

This  is  true,  also,  for  all  auxiliary  apartments  and  its  equip- 
ment required  for  the  completeness  of  the  former.  A  hospital, 
for  instance,  located  in  a  city  where  hired  help  is  expensive  and 
hard  to  obtain,  will  instal,  surely,  preferably  machinery  to  do 
away  with  the  time-killing  work  of  potato-peeling.  No  doubt 
this  method  will  insure  a  certain  loss  of  material.  This,  how- 
ever, should  be  found  a  negligible  factor,  as  compared  to  the 
former,  on  time  and  expenditure,  so  wasteful  method'.  Dif- 
ferent, however,  are  the  conditions  in  a  home  for  the  old,  or  in 
similar  institutions.  There  are  found  old  women  and  men  who, 
for  the  benefit  of  the  home,  and  even  for  the  sake  of  their  own 
physical  well-being,  may  be  used  for  general  light  work.  Of 
course  these  different  conditions  will  require  quarters  of  differ- 
ent size  as  w^ell  as  of  different  equipment.  A  peeling-room  of 
the  latter  kind  must  be  spacious  and  the  workers  themselves  are 
best  placed  on  benches  around  the  walls,  facing  the  interior,  so 
they  may  indulge  in  harmless  conversations,  to  give  interest  to 
the  rather  monotonous  work,  but  mainly  to  provide  for  easy 
control,  which  is  of  importance,  for  instance,  in  a  sanatorium 
for  the  feeble-minded. 

The  same  room  where  mechanical  devices  only  are  to  be 
employed  may  be  much  smaller  than  the  one  just  touched  upon. 


Sept.,   1!J1(;  THE   HOSPITAL  WOULD  73 

However,  careful  provision  should  be  made  beforehand  for  all 
machines  and  apparatus  to  be  installed.  It  is  customary  to  use 
this  room  also  for  the  cleaning  of  all  other  vegetables.  For 
large  hospitals  it  may  be  practicable  to  locate  this  room  next  to 
the  potato-storage.  Institutions  fortunate  enough  to  grow  their 
own  vegetables  and  connected  direct  wdth  their  nurseries,  should 
have  the  cleaning  of  vegetables  attended  to  in  the  nursery,  if 
necessary  in  a  special  shed  erected  for  this  purpose.  This 
arrangement  not  only  reduces  thei  work  of  this  part  of  the 
kitchen,  but  also  eliminates  the  work  of  returning  the  refuse  to 
the  so-called  "  compost-heap  "  of  the  nursery.  ^Vliatever  of 
this  refuse  is  to  he  used  for  the  feeding  of  animals  can,  of  course, 
be  separated  and  taken  care  of  at  the  time  of  cleaning  by  the 
gardener  or  his  helper.  Some  institutions  have  been  found  to 
send  vegetables  to  be  cleaned,  peeled  or  dressed  to  certain  wards. 
In  such  cases,  however,  the  involved  wards  should  be  egnipped 
wdth  suitable  quarters  for  this  purpose. 

Much  simpler  to  solve  are  the  problems  of  that  department 
set  aside  for  the  cleaning  of  dishes.  On  the  whole  there  are 
only  two  different  conditions  to  be  considered  which  may  influ- 
ence the  size  and  equi^Dment  of  this  room:  either  the  dishes  are 
cleaned  and  stored  in  the  different  wards,  while  the  room  pro- 
vided for  this  purpose,  the  genei'al  kitchen,  takes  care  only  of 
the  cooking  utensils,  the  vessels  used  in  the  transportation  of 
the  food  to  the  different  wards,  and  finally  the  dishes  used  by 
the  kitchen  personnel  themselves;  or  all  dishes  used  will  be 
returned  to  general  washroom,  usually  found  next  to  the  cook- 
ing department.  This  latter  system  will  hardly  be  found  prac- 
tical in  very  large  public  establishments,  considering  the  extra 
work  and  risk  of  transportation  of  the  dishes,  and  wherever 
found,  conditions  will  or  should  warrant  its  application.  So, 
generally  speaking,  no  extra  large  room  is  required  for  this 
department  of  a  complete  kitchen  plant.  If  no  provision  is  made 
for  a  special  room  to  store  the  dishes,  it  will  be  necessary  to  pro- 
vide for  long  walls,  unbroken  by  doors  and  windows,  to  facili- 
tate the  building  of  shelves  for  the  proper  keeping  of  dishe^^. 
However,  a  special  room  for  this  purpose,  next  to  the  wash- 
room, is  recommended. 


14  THE  HOSPITAL  WOULD  Sept.,  1916 

The  absence  of  a  room  for  tlie  teiiii)orarv  storing-  of  all  refuse 
and  cooked  food-remnants  is  disagreeably  noticeable  in  some 
kitchens,  and  makeshift  arrangements  are  resorted  to,  which 
spoil  effectnally  the  otherwise  immacnlare  appearance  of  this 
department.  Small  box-wagons  or  barrels  can  be  seen  at  the 
entrance  of  the  kitchen,  or  at  the  doors  of  other  kitchen  depart- 
ments, with  visible  signs  of  spoiled  foodstuffs  around,  its  odor 
generally  proving  even  more  offensive  than  its  untidiness.  Even 
in  the  corridors  to  the  general  heating  plant  or  power  house 
could  these  vessels. containing  the  kitchen  refuse  be  seen.  To 
overcome  these  objectionable  features  it  is  always  best  to  build, 
in  a  suital)le,  little,  well-ventilated  ]ilace,  either  next  to  where 
the  just-used  dishes  are  returned,  or  next  to  the  washroom  itself, 
whichever  may  be  found  more  expedient,  easily  accessible  for 
l)oth  the  storing  as  well  as  the  cleaning  out  of  the  refuse.  What- 
ever establishment  has  followed  this  little  bit  of  advice  ha<  never 
found  reason  to  regret  it. 

Again,  the  arrangement  of  those  localities  used  for  the  dis- 
tribution of  the  cooked  meals  to  their  various  destinations  may 
differ  widely.  Many  institutions,  especially  those  for  "  psycho- 
pathies," or  feeble-minded  patients  and  the  like,  generally 
believe  in  the  separation  of  sexes.  In  such  cases  there  will  be 
necessary  a  double  provision  for  food-distribution,  arranged 
according  to  the  location  of  male  and  female  departments.  Of 
course  this  is  required  only  if  the  food  is  received  and  distri- 
buted really  by  inmates  of  both  sexes.  This  is,  however,  not  the 
case  very  often,  and' surely  not  where  the  establishment  consists 
of  several  or  many  separate  buildings  or  groups  of  buildiuis. 
In  these  cases  properly  designed  hand-wagons  may  be  used  to 
convey  the  cooked  food  to  the  different  units ;  and  here  only  one 
room  for  the  dispensing  of  the  meals  is  needed.  It  may  be 
required,  however,  that  some  special  prescribed  food  between 
regular  meals,  and  ordered  for  both  sexes,  will  have  to  be  deliv- 
ered jointly.  This  work  is  mostly  done  by  nurses  or  other  snir- 
able  institution  employees. 

Now,  then,  is  the  meeting  of  both  sexes  at  this  department 
reallv  so  dangerous  to  require  two  separate  places  of  food-dis- 
pensation ?  What  will  hunt  for  each  other  will  find  each  other, 
and  that  at  occasions  which  surelv  are  more  suitable  than  meet- 


Sept.,  191()  THE  JlOSriTAL  WOULD  75 

ing  at  the  kitchen  at  meal  times,  when  the  surveilhiiiL-e  is  or 
shonld  be  the  most  stringent.  The  time  of  delivering  meals  to 
the  (litiferent  groups  may  also  be  so  arranged  that  such  condi- 
tions will  be  eliminated  antomatically.  Regular  hospitals, 
where  most  of  the  nurses  and  other  general  help  are  of  the 
feminine  gender,  only  one  place  for  the  distribution  of  meals  is 
needed.  For  establishments  using  for  food  distribution  trans- 
portation wagons,  only  one  ample,  large  room  is  required,  allow- 
ing these  wagons  to  come  near  enough  to  the  delivery  window  to 
make  loading  and  unloading  ]:)ractical.  In  connection  herewith 
it  may  be  mentioned  that  these  food  wagons,  with  their  per- 
sonrv'l,  should  not  have  to  pass  through  open  grounds,  subje'^'t 
to  all  kinds  of  weather  conditions,  but  be  able  to  make  their 
deliveries  to  all  l)uildings  while  protected  by  roofs  always;  and 
further,  the  transport  to  the  different  floors  should  be  mechani- 
cal, avoiding  the  climbing  of  stairs.  It  is  self-understood  that 
the  actual  kitchen  rooms,  including  the  delivery  department, 
should  be  separated  from  that  room  where  the  food  is  received, 
and  connected  only  through  suitable  apertures  or  delivery  and 
receiving  windows  las  the  logical  points  of  contact. 

I  Note. — Short  paragraph  pertaining  to  dispensing  of  alco- 
holic drinks  omitted,  considering  that  it  recommends  the  re2:ular 
use  thereof  by  both  patients  (if -(fondition  permits)  as  well  as 
attendants.     Will  hardly  receive  American  sym])athy.] 

Constant  worry  and  trouble  is  usually  experienced  with  the 
storerooms  of  the  kitchen  plant.  (This  does  not  include  cellar 
or  refrigerators,  which  will  be  treated  separately  at  another 
place.)  Beans,  peas  (dry),  vegetables,  spices,  sugar,  salt,  flour, 
bread  and  cakes — in  short,  all  kinds  of  groceries  and  mill  pro- 
ducts generally  bought  wholesale  by  the  larger  institutions — 
have  to  be  received,  checked,  and  so  stored  that  the  goods  will 
not  spoil  or  lose  in  quality  or  weight.  Furthermore,  the  storage 
should  be  so  arranged  that  any  article  required  at  any  time  cau 
be  procured  without  losing  time  by  the  necessity  of  huutiug 
therefor,  or  of  moving  large  quantities  of  other  articles  to  get 
to  it. 

Therefore,  the  rooms  provided  for  storage  slioukl  be  ( oni- 
fortably  large,  light,  dry,  and  well  ventilated.  Xot  overlooked 
should  be  the  fact  that  all   incoming  goods  must  bo  ]U-operly 


:6  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELU  Sept.,  1016 

checked,  by  reweigbing,  remeasiiring  or  recounting,  as  may  be 
the  case,  which  requires  a  special  receiving-room  equipped  with 
the  proper  paraphernalia,  sneh  as  scales,  measures,  etc.  This 
department  should  have  a  good  size  receiving  window  and  space 
enough  to  hold  in  orderly  condition  a  large  consignment  of  gro- 
ceries just  received  "without  confusing  the  receiving-clerk,  and 
should  be  in  direct  connection  with  the  storage  itself.  Where 
the  latter  is  located  on  a  different  floor,  the  relative  position  of 
the  receiving  to  the  storage  room  should  be  so  arranged  that  a 
direct  connection  can  be  maintained  by  the  aid  of  a  dumb- 
Avaiter.  Wherever  possible,  it  will  be  found  very  practical  to 
build  outside  of  the  receiving-room  a  protected  platform,  facili- 
tating unloading,  avoiding  the  spilling  and  spoiling  of  goods 
more  or  less,  which  without  this  last  safeguard  must  be  carried 
through  some  outside  space,  no  matter  how  short,  with  results 
at  least  highly  aggravating  if  this  happens  on  a  rainy  day.  Of 
course  it  is  assumed  that  the  receiving  department  is  located  on 
the  ground  floor,  where  it  actually  should  be.  Now  the  entire 
work  of  receiving  can  be  done  in  the  storage  rooms  themselves. 
However,  such  practice  invariably  leads  to  trouble  wherever  it 
is  found  necessary  to  reject  part  or  all  of  the  consignment,  for 
the  obvious  reason  that  goods  returned  accidentally  will  be 
exchanged  for  some  already  in  storage,  or  that  this  at  least  is 
stoutly  claimed  by  the  party  having  delivered  such  disputed 
goods. 

The  subdivision  of  this  kind  of  storage,  according  to  the  dif- 
ferent nature  of  the  groceries  to  be  stored,  is  advisable  and 
required  for  the  same  reasons  as  the  division  of  cellar-rooms, 
which  is  discussed  at  length  in  a  later  paragraph. 

Beside  the  real  storao-e  rooms,  which  mav  be  located  in  the 
kitchen-building,  but  by  no  means  should  be  too  close  to  the 
actual  cooking  department,  there  should  be  a  small  room  for 
miscellaneous  goods,  used  at  all  times,  but  in  such  small  quanti- 
ties that  they  cannot  practically  be  accounted  for  each  day. 
These  special  spaces,  easily  compared  to  the  handy  pantry  found 
in  all  private  houses,  are  absent  in  kitchens  of  many  large  insti- 
tutions. If  such  a  room  is  missing,  for  the  care  of  these  small 
items  just  mentioned,  then  there  must  be  for  them  coffers  and 
chests  or  cupboards  in  the  cooking  or  adjacent  rooms,  where 


Sept.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKT.D  77 

thej  do  not  belong,  and  take  up  unnecessary  space.  It  is  also 
impossible  to  take  proper  care  of  such  goods  in  the  dark  and 
narrow  places  provided  by  these  makeshift  contrivances.  The 
building  in  of  one  or  two  of  such  pantries,  if  possible  next  to  the 
cooking-room,  is  highly  recommended. 

x\nother  very  necessary  kind  of  storage  facilities  are  the 
cellars.  Good  cellar  rooms  are  found  to  be  of  great  benefit, 
sometimes  even  a  necessity,  to  private  houses.  This  is  also  true, 
only  infinitely  more  urgent,  for  the  proper  running  conditions 
of  complete  kitchens  of  large  institutions.  The  natural  demand 
to  place  this  kind  of  storage  in  the  basement  or  sub-basement 
of  the  kitchen-building  is  difficult  indeed,  considering  the  hot- 
water  and  steam  pipes  used -for  the  modern  kitchen  apparatus, 
such  as  condensers,  steam  cookers,  etc.  The  mains  of  such  pipes 
are  generally  laid  through  the  basements,  and  no  matter  how 
well  isolated,  will  radiate  heat,  which  slowly  but  surely  per- 
meates the  whole  basement,  preventing  the  cellar  rooms  from 
retaining  their  natural  coolness,  which  makes  cellar  storage  so 
valuable  in  private  houses  not  suffering  under  these  complica- 
tions. 

To  obtain  the  required  cellar  temperature  under  the  above- 
mentioned  adverse  conditions,  it  would  seem  necessary  to  exj^el 
the  warm  air  from  these  cellars  and  replace  it  with  the  required 
much  cooler  article  by  mechanical  means ;  but  how  can  this  be 
done  when  the  outside  air  is  already  much  too  warm  for  cellar 
purposes?  As  stated  before,  the  isolation  of  the  pipes  alone 
does  not  solve  the  problem.  It  has  been  tried  to  lead  all  mains 
through  a  special,  therefor  provided,  basement  room,  insulate  its 
walls  and  keep  the  storage  rooms  as  far  as  possible  removed  from 
this  so-called  "  pipe-cellar."  But  even  this  method  proved  futile. 
The  storage  cellars  could  not  be  used  for  their  designed  pur- 
pose. This  artificial  warmth  once  in  the  basement  is  there  to 
stay,  and  nothing  short  of  the  removal  of  the  offending  pipes 
can  brinff  relief.  Some  benefit  has  been  obtained  sometimes  bv 
shutting  the  storage  cellar  completely  off  from  the  other  parts 
of  the  basement  by  solid,  heat-isolating  walls  and  allow  for  an 
extra  entrance  to  your  storage,  and  if  possible  direct  to  the  outer 
air.  But  in  this  case  all  other  intervening  walls  must  also  be 
heat-isolated,  otherwise  little  joy  and  satisfaction  will  be  experi- 


78  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  'Sept.,  191(3 

eneed  with  these  cellars.  It  may  be  considered  hiohly  advisable 
to  overlook  the  inconvenience  and  transfer  this  cellar  storage  to 
the  basement  of  some  other  bnilding-  in  which  such  offending 
pipes  will  not  be  fonnd.  It  is  further  recommended,  especially 
for  institutions  engaged  in  truck  farming,  to  build  for  potatoes 
and  turnips  a  special  cellar  direct  in  the  ground.  This  is  the 
best  and  natural  cellar  obtainable.  Of  course,  even  in  such  nat- 
ural cellars  proper  provision  has  to  be  made  for  drainage,  airing, 
facilities  for  easv  storing  as  well  as  easv  delivery  of  the  stora2;e 
to  the  kitchen,  and  in  some  modest  measure  also  for  what  light- 
ing may  be  needed. 

Special  mention  is  made  here  regarding  such  cellars  used 
for  the  making  and  storing  of  "sauerkraut."  Special  arrange- 
ment must,  be  made  for  the  admission  of  water  for  the  washing 
of  the  cabbage,  as  well  as  good  drainage  for  the  disposal  of  all 
used  water  as  well  as  the  water  liberated  by  the  pressing  of  the 
"  kraut."  For  the  latter  purpose  certain  machinery  is  required, 
making  necessarv  extra  hi£>h  ceilings  to  allow  for  the  unim- 
peded  working  thereof.  In  this  cellar  extra  attention  must  ba 
paid  to  the  sufficient  airing  of  this  room. 

The  very  nature  of  the  articles  to  be  stored  in  cellars  will  in 
tbemselves  demand  certain  isolations  and  make  easy  a  decision  as 
to  the  proper  division  of  the  different  cellar  storage  rooms.  It  is 
for  instance,  self-evident  that  cheese,  eggs,  fruits,  meats  or 
"  sauerkraut  "  cannot  be  stored  in  one  room.  Barring  other 
complications,  such  proceeding  would  lead  surely  to  one  article 
rakino-  on  the  taste  or  smell,  or  both,  of  one  or  more  other 
articles  stored  in  its  vicinity.  This  is  one  of  the  important 
things  the  efficient  kitchen  manager  has  to  bear  in  mind  in  the 
distribution  of  cellar  storage  rooms.  The  best  proof  of  the 
above  statement  is  found  easily  in  many  small  grocery  stores, 
where  all  goods  are  piled  in  an  indescribably  little  space  and,  to 
the  distress  of  the  discreet  buyer,  have  taken  on  all  kinds  of 
tastes  and  odors.  Even  the  air  of  such  a  store  is  a  conglomera- 
tion of  many  odors  characteristic  of  these  stores.  Of  course,  the 
actual  food-value  may  not  be  impaired.  However,  a  good  sup- 
erintendent will  make  sure  that  all  goods  retaiji  their  own  orig- 
inal aroma  and  peculiarities,  and  this  cannot  be  done  by  the 
dividing  of  cellar  storage  by  lattice-work  or  board  partition-s. 


Sept.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  79 

It  requires  reg-nlar  old-fashioned  brick  and  mortar,  or  modern 
concrete,  walls  to  obtain  results. 

[Note. — Parao'raphs   on  storine;   and  ihandlina'  of  beer   and 
wine  and  pertainine;  to  making;  of  wine,  omitted.] 

Tt  hardly  requires  mentioning  that  all  cellar  storages  must 
be  absolutely  immune  to  frost. 

■  A  verv  important  group  are  the  ice  and  cooling  celbirs. 
Large  and  even  medium  establishments  will  do  well  to  instal 
a  complete  mechanical  ice-plant,  for  cooling  and  ice  manufac- 
ture, which  will  be  found  very  economical  where  the  necessary 
power  can  easily  be  supplied  by  their  own  power-house.  Arti- 
ficially cooled  rooms  are  required  mainly  by  that  space  pro- 
vided for  the  storage  of  meats.  Cooling  facilities  are  further 
highly  recommended  for  the  milk,  butter  and  lard,  ego's.  and 
similar  storage  rooms.  Fruit  and  conserved  articles  will  need 
cool  storage,  and  may  be  included  in  the  above  list.  However, 
where  the  beautiful  appearance  of  long-stored  fruit  is  of  minor 
consequence,  a  natural  cool  storage  room  will  suffice. 

To  provide  faultless  plans  for  the  building  of  these  kinds 
of  cellars,  as  far  as  number  and  size  is  concerned,  just  fit  for  a 
later  full  running  development,  is  extremely  difficult.  Too 
manv  or  too  large  cooling  rooms  are  undesirable,  on  account  of 
their  high  building  cost  as  well  as  their  comparatively  high  run- 
ning expense.  On  the  other  hand,  these  rooms  must  not  be 
too  small  nor  insufficient  in  number  if  a  practical  storage  of  all 
articles  to  be  cooled  is  desired.  A  decision  in  this  direction  must 
be  found  mainly  in  considering  the  conditions  governing  the 
buying  facilities.  In  the  case  of  procuring  meats,  for  instanr-e, 
here  it  should  be  known  whether  meat  will  be  received  daily 
from  local  or  nearby  butchers  or  it  is  required  to  buy  meat 
through  sources  far  away ;  and  in  this  case  enough  must  be  pro- 
cured to  last  for  three  to  five  days,  or  longer.  For  reasons  of 
economy  it  will  be  found  necessary  sometimes  to  unexpectedly 
place  an  institution's  meat  order  with  some  outside  concern, 
where,  for  instance,  the  local  butchers  have  tried  to  take  advan- 
tage of  the  daily  demand  and  by  agreement  have  killed  healthy 
competition  as  far  as  the  establishment  in  question  is  concerned. 
Consequently  it  would  l)e  unwise  to  shut  out  the  opportunity  of 
breaking  such  a  ring  l)y  omitting  a  meat-storage,  while  de]iend- 


so  THE  HOSPITAL  ^\'OELD  Sept.,  1916 

ing  on  local  daily  supply.     Conditions  are  similar  in  reference 
to  the  supply  of  all  other  goods  which  require  cooling  storage. 

The  failure  of  having  in  the  first  place  provided  for  a  suffi- 
ci-ent  large  cold  storage  has,  in  fact,  made  itself  felt  very  uncom- 
fortably in  many  institutions.  Adjacent  to  the  cold  storage 
rooms  should  be  the  room  for  the  complete  ice  and  cold  storage 
jDlant  itself,  which  should  be  so  installed  that  easy  connections 
to  the  power-house  may  be  made,  and  so  arranged  that  tihese 
machines  can  be  made  to  run  or  may  be  shut  off,  according  to 
demand,  and  independent  of  all  other  machinery.  A  brand  new 
establishment  which,  of  course,  will  be  hardly  operated  to  its 
expected  full  capacity  for  some  time  to  come,  need  not  instal 
an  expensive  complete  ice-plant  until  its  need  is  felt.  However, 
the  room  must  be  there,  with  correct  plans  which  show  careful 
j)rovision  for  every  machine  later  to  be  set  up  in  this  room.  Of 
course,  proper  connection  should  also  be  provided  for  during 
building.  Under  such  conditions  a  later  installation  will  not 
be  more  exj^ensive  than  if  done  at  the  time  of  building. 

The  rule  expounded  when  treating  the  creation  of  natural 
cellars  for  storage  of  eatables,  that  all  warm  air,  no  matter  from 
what  source,  must  be  kept  out,  does  apply  more  so  to  the  cold 
storage  rooms.  Tn  this  case  it  will  be  also  necessary  that  all 
walls,  ceilings  and,  under  adverse  conditions,  the  floors,  are 
made  properly  heat-proof.  This  includes  doors  and  windows, 
which  must  be  a  perfect  fit  and  absolutely  air-tight.  It  is  very 
often  impossible  to  find  room  for  the  complete  cold  storage 
(plant  and  rooms)  in  the  basement  of  the  kitchen  buildiufj;. 
This,  'however,  is  not  so  essential.  The  most  used  cold  storao'e 
rooms,  such  as  used  for  meats  and  milk,  are  better  located  on 
an  even  floor  with  the  kitchen  itself.  This  arrangement  will 
save  time,  running  expense,  and  greatly  facilitate  the  kitchen 
routine  work.  There  are  no  difficulties  found  in  this  two-storey 
arrangement  as  far  as  the  technical  or  mechanical  side  of  the 
question  is  concerned.  Where  cold  storage  rooms  are  placed 
even  and  next  to  the  kitchen,  two  doors  enclosing  a  small  ante- 
room should  be  provided  to  prevent  the  transfer  of  hot  air  from 
the  kitchen  to  the  cold  storage,  or  vice  versa.  Is  this  ante-room 
large  and  light  enough,  then  a  few  ammonia  pipes  may  be 
extended  into  it,   and  it  may  be  used  whenever  practical  or 


Sept.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  81 

desirable  for  the  preparation  of  meats  for  the  cooking  or  frying 
process,  as  the  case  may  be. 

As  stated  before,  for  all  machinery  of  the  cooling  plant,  as 
motor,  compressor,  condenser,  ammonia  and  ice  machines,  as 
well  as  all  auxiliaries,  careful  survey  should  be  taken  that  the 
room  provided  for  each  machine  is  absolutely  correct  as  to  floor 
space,  height  of  ceiling  and  all  other  dimensions,  allowing  every- 
where room  for  easy  accessibility  and  a  liall  ample  and  light. 
To  enable  the  builder  to  accomplish  ihis,  it  is  highly  recom- 
mended to  first  agree  upon  a  certain  system  or  ice  plant,  and  if 
possible  consult  a  firm  of  engineers  specializing  in  this  class  of 
work. 

Another  small  department  to  be  mentioned  in  connection 
with  institution  kitchens  is  that  of  coffee  roasting.  The  size 
of  this  room,  therefore,  of  course  depends  upon  the  magnitude 
of  the  whole  establishment,  and  consequently  upon  the  kind  and 
size  of  machinery  to  be  installed. 

We  believe  that  the  above  endeavor  comprehensively  covers 
all  general  needs  and  requirements  demanded  of  a  modern 
kitchen  plant  of  any  kind  of  institution,  as  far  as  the  space  and 
proper  division  is  concerned. 

The  furnishing  of  a  choice  variety  of  complete  kitchen  plans 
for  different  kinds  and  sizes  of  institutions  with  given  specific 
dimensions  has  been  abstained  from  advisedly. 

As  touched  upon  before,  the  conditions  governing  the  man- 
agement of  every  institution  differ  greatly.  It  is  a  well-known 
fact  that  two  establishments  of  like  size  and  capacity,  and 
apparently  demanding  like  facilities,  have  in  reality  nothing  in 
common  but  their  size  and,  mavbe,  their  line  of  endeavor,  the 

7  t,'  .' 

conditions  of  which,  however,  mav  run  in  vastly  different  direc- 
tions,  w^hich  of  needs  influence  the  handling  of  every  department 
and  the  general  management  and  is  governed  by  the  principle 
followed  in  handling  the  inmates,  the  class  of  inmates  itself,  and 
sometimes  even  by  the  conditions  of  its  very  surroundings.  It 
is,  therefore,  clear  that  no  cut  and  dried  rules  can  be  conscien- 
tiously given ;  the  conditions  which  will  probably  govern  the 
later  work  of  a  new  to  be  built  institution  must  be  carefully 
taken  into  consideration  l)y  the  builder,  making  full  use  of  his 
experience,  as  well  as  that  of  unbiased  authorities  on  public 


82  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Sept.,  WUi 

institutions,  whose  long-time  connection  with  such  work  makes 
their  advice  verv  valuable.  We  must  strongly  advise  against 
the  use  of  ready-made  ])lans  for  all  kinds  of  institutions,  which 
can  be  found  everywhere  for  sale  in  the  open  market,  for  rea- 
sons stated.  Many  a  management  who  had  adopted  such  plans 
has  later  found  ample  reasons  and  time  for  regret. 

The  details  of  full  equipment  for  each  kitchen  department 
have  not  been  gone  into.  These  are  stronglv  influenced  l)v  the 
nrevailino-  ideas  of  the  buildino-  commission,  the  architec'ts  and 
the  management  to  be,  and  last,  but  not  least,  by  the  financial 
resources  of  the  institution.  Furthermore,  to  offer  advice  relat- 
ing to  building  material  and  on  other  purely  technical  questions 
would  be  assuming  and  highly  impractical,  especially  as  our 
modern  industries  put  on  the  open  market  constantly  new 
materials,  some  better  than  others,  which,  however,  should  bo 
considered  bv  a  wise  builder,  too. 


Sept.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  S3 

THE  18TH  ANNUAL  CONFERENCE  OF  THE 

AMERICAN   HOSPITAL  ASSOCIATION, 

PHILADELPHIA,  SEPTEMBER  26-29 


Officers. 

Peesident,  Dr.  Winford  H.  Smith,  Sii})t.  Jolius  Hopkins 
Hospital,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Secretary,  ]\Jiss  Lydia  H.  Keller,  R.!N^.,  Acting  Supt. 
Asbury  Hospital,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

Treasurer,  Asa  S.  Bacon,  Esq.,  Siii>t.  The  Presbyterian 
Hospital,  Chicago,  111. 

First  Vice-President.  Dr.  C.  D.  Wilkins,  Snpt.  Charity 
Hospital,  Xew  Orleans,  La. 

Second  Vice-President,  Miss  Kettie  B.  Jordan,  Snpt. 
Aurora  General  Hospital,  Aurora,  111. 

Third  Vice-President,  Dr.  A.  R.  Warner,  Supt.  Lakeside 
Hospital,  Cleveland,  O. 

Executive  Committee. 

Dr.  Frederick  A.  Washburn,  Chairman,  Su])t.'  Massachu- 
setts General  Hospital,  Boston,  Mass. ;  Dr.  S.  S.  Gold  water, 
Supt.  Mt.  Sinai  Hospital,  jSTew  Yoyk  City ;  Dr.  W.  L.  Babcock, 
Su'pt.  Grace  Hospital,  Detroit,  Mich. ;  Dr.  L.  D.  Baldwin,  Supt. 
I^niversity  Hospital,  ^linneapolis,  jMinn. ;  Miss  Mary  L.  Keith, 
Supt.  Boehester  City  Hospital,  Rochester,  X.Y. 

PROGRAMME. 

TUESDAY,    SEPTEMBER    26,  1916. 

MoRXixG  Session,  10  A.:\r. 

Invocation,  by  Rt.  Rev.  Phili])  ^L  Rhinelander,  Bishop  of 
Pennsylvania. 

Address  of  Welcome,  by  the  Mayor  of  Philadelphia. 

President's  Address,  by  Dr.  Winford  Smith,  President, 
Su]it.  The  elohns  Hopkins  Hospital. 

Report  of  Committee  on  Constitution  and  l)y-laws,  by  ^Er. 
Richard  P.  Borden,  Trustee,  Fnion  Hospital,  Fall  River,  ^fass. 

]\redical  Organization  and  Medical  Educatiou,  by  Dr.  Chas. 
Youno'.  Supt.  Presbyterian  Hospital,  Xew  York  City. 

Discussion,  opened  by  Dr.  L.  B.  Bahhvin.  Supt.  I^niversity 
Hos])ital.  ^Fiuueapolis,  ^finn. 


8i  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Sept.,  1916 

After:xoo]s^  Sessio^t,  2  p.m. 

Report  of  the  Committee  on  tlie  Training  of  Xiirses,  by 
Ella  Phillips  Crandall,  Pels'.,  Exec.  Sec.  IvTat.  Organization 
for  Public  Health  N'lirsing,  New  York  City. 

Report  of  Committee  on  Grading  and  Classification  of 
Nurses,  by  Charlotte  Aikens,  Chairman,  Editor  Trained  Nurse 
and  Hospital  Review,  Detroit,  Mich. 

Discussion. 

The  Open  Door  Hospital,  by  Dr.  W.  L.  Babcock,  Supt. 
Grace  Hospital,  Detroit,  Mich. 

Discussion,  opened  by  Dr.  J.  W.  Fowler,  Supt.  Louisville 
City  Hospital. 

Report  of  Committee  on  Development  of  the  Association, 
by  Dr.  R.  R.  Ross,  Supt.  Buffalo  General  Hospital,  Buffalo, 
N.Y. 

EvExixG  Session,  8  p.m. 

Symposium  on  Outpatient  Worh. 

What  Dispensary  AVork  Should  Stand  For,  by  Dr.  Richard 
C.  Cabot,  Boston,  Mass. 

Clinics  for  Venereal  Disease :  Why  AVc  Xced  Them ;  How 
to  Develop  Them,  by  Dr.  Wm.  F.  Snow,  Sec.  American  Social 
Hv2:iene  Association. 

Industrial  Accident  Cases  in  Dispensaries :  Should  Thoy 
be  Accepted  ?  How  Shall  the  Finances  be  ^Nfanaged  i  Sjieaker 
to  be  announced. 

New  Features  in  Dispensary  Work  (Committee  Report), 
by  Michael  M.  Davis,  Jr.,  Chairman,  Boston  Dispensary.  Bos- 
ton, ]\[ass. 

WEDNESDAY,  SEPTE:\rBER  27,  1010. 

MORXIXG    SeSSIOX,    10    A.M. 

Report  of  Committee  on  Hospital  Construction,  by  Dr. 
Walter  B.  Ancker,  Supt.  City  and  County  Hospital,  St.  Paul, 
Minn. 

Hospitals  and  Esthetics,  by  Grosvenor  Atterbury,  F.A.LA., 
New  York  City. 

Discussion,  opened  by  Dr.  H.  B.  Howard.  Supt.  Peter  Bent 
Brigham  Hospital,  Boston,  Mass. 


Sept.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  85 

The  Hospital  Dietary,  by  Dr.  Elliott  P.  Joslyn,  Associate 
Prof,  of  Medicine,  Harvard  University. 

Discussion,  opened  by  Dr.  Thomas  McCrae,  Prof,  of  Medi- 
cine, Jefferson  Medical  College,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Afteea^oo^t  Sessio:s!"^  2  p.m. 
Large  Hospital  Section. 
Disinfection  and  Other  Practicable  Methods  of  Preventino- 

& 

the  Spread  of  Infection  in  Hospitals,  by  Dr.  Robert  J.  Wilson, 
Snpt.  of  Hospitals,  l^ew  York  Health  Department. 

Discussion,  opened  by  Dr.  AVm.  H.  Walsh,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

The  So-called  Diphtheria  Epidemics  in  General  Hospitals: 
Preventive  Measures,  by  Dr.  Clyde  G.  Guthrie,  Associate  in 
Medicine,  Johns  Hopkins  University. 

Discussion,  opened  by  Dr.  R,  R.  Ross,  Supt.  Buffalo  Gen- 
eral Hospital,  Buffalo,  IST.Y. 

Autopsies:  Methods  of  Obtaining  Same  and  Measures  of 
Protecting  the  Hospital,  by  Dr.  Milton  C.  Winternitz,  Asso- 
ciate Prof,  of  Pathology,  Johns  Hopkins  University. 

Discussion  by  Dr.  Frank  Holt,  Supt.  IMichael  Reese  Hos- 
pital, Chicago,  111.  • 

Small  Hospital  Section. 

Conducted  by  Miss  J^ettie  B.  Jordan.  Second  Vice-President. 

Symposium:    The  Creation  and  Management  of  a  Community 

Hospital. 

Paper :  The  Survey  of  the  Community  and  the  Preliminary 
Work  in  Establishing  a  ISTew  Hospital,  by  Dr.  W.  T.  Graham, 
Supt.  University  Hospital,  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

Discussion  by  E.  E.  Munger,  Spencer,  Iowa. 

Paper :  Organization  by  the  Trustees  and  Superintendent 
in  the  Physical  Management  of  a  Community  Hospital,  by  F. 
E.  Chapman,  Supt.  Mt.  Sinai  Hospital,  Cleveland,  Ohio.   . 

Discussion  by  Martha  Oakes,  Supt.  St.  Luke's  Hospital, 
Davenport,  Iowa. 

Paper:  Financing  the  Small  Community  Hospital,  by  Ida 
Barrett,  Supt.  Blodeett  Memorial  Hospital,  Grand  Rapids, 
Mich. 


8G  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Sept.,  1916 

Discussion  by  Lucia  Jajquith,  Supt.  Children's  Hospital. 
Worcester,  Mass. 

Paper:  Building-  and  p]quipping  the  First  Unit  of  a  Small 
Hospital,  Ralph  Shepherdson,  M.A.,  B.S.,  Aurora,  Illinois. 

Discussion  by  Margaret  Robinson.  Supt.  Jefferson  County 
Hospital,  Fairfield,  Iowa. 

EvENiis'G  Session^,  8  p.m. 

Theatre  Party,  Keith's  Theatre.  Arranged  by  the  Enter- 
tainment Committee. 

THURSDAY,  SEPTEMBER  28,  1010. 
Morning  Session,  10  a.m. 

Report  of  the  Committee  on  Bureau  of  Hospital  Informa- 
tion, by  Dr.  Thomas  Howell,  Supt.  New  York  Hospital. 

Report  of  Committee  on  Hospital  Standardization,  by  Dr. 
elohn  A.  Hornsby,  Editor  Modern  Hospital. 

A  Study  of  Hospitals  for  the  Purpose  of  Arriving  at  Proper 
Standards,  by  Mr.  John  J.  Bowman,  Director  American  College 
of  Surgeons. 

Team  Work  and  Stumbling  Blocks,  by  Dr.  Charles  A.  Drew, 
Sii])t.  Worcester  City  Hospital,  Worcester,  ]\Iass. 

Discussion,  Opened  by  Dr.  Charles  I).  Wilkens,  Sii]it. 
Charity  Hospital,  New  Orleans. 

Dental  Clinics  in  General  Hospitals,  by  Dr.  Thomas  B. 
Hartzell,  University  Hospital,  Minneapolis,  ^liuu. 

Discussion,  Opened  by  Dr.  Simon  Cox,  Snpr.  Xcw  Ha\('u 
Hospital,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Luncheon,  Pennsylvania  Hospital,  12.30  to  2.30.  By  invi- 
tation of  the  Trus'tees  and  Superintendent  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Hospital. 

Afteknoon  Session,  2  p.m. 

Large  Hospital  Section. 

Re])ort  of  Committee  to  Memorialize  Congress  to  Place  In- 
struments on  the  Free  List,  by  Rev.  G.  F.  Clover,  Supt.  St. 
Luke's  Hospital,  New  York  City. 

Report  of  Committee  on  Hospital  Finances  aud  Cost  Ac- 
counting, bv  Dr.  A.  R.  Warner,  Supt.  Lakeside  Hospital,  Cleve- 
land, O. 


Sept.,  lUKJ  THE   HOSPITAL  WOULD  87 

Building  the  Hospital:  Departments  and  Rooms,  by  J\Ir. 
O.  H.  Bartine,  Siipt.  Hospital  for  Ruptured  and  Crippled, 
Xew  York  City. 

Discussion,  Opened  by  Dr.  A.  C  Bachmeyer,  S\ipr.  Cin- 
cinnati General  Hospital,  Cincinnati,  O. 

Convalescent  Hospitals:  Methods,  Results,  by  Dr.  Fredk. 
Brush,  Supt.  Burke  Foundation,  White  Plains,  N.Y. 

Discussion,  Opened  by  Dr.  F.  A.  Washburn,  Supt.  Mass. 
General  Hospital,  Boston,  Mass. 

Small  Hospital  Section. 
Conducted  by  Miss  jSTettie  B.  Jordan,  Second  Vice-President. 

Paper:  How  May  a  Hospital  Su'perintendent  Promote 
More  Scientific  Work  in  the  Small  Hospital,  by  Mary  Riddle, 
Xewton  Hospital,  Newton  Lower  Falls,  Mass. 

Discussion  by  Emma  Anderson,  Supt.  New  England  Baptist 
Hospital,  Boston,  Mass. 

Papers :  How  are  the  Superintendents  of  Small  Hospitals 
to  be  Trained  ?  by  Annie  C.  Goodrich,  Teachers'  College,  Col- 
umbia University,  Xew  York  City ;  Dr.  Joseph  Howland,  Asvst. 
Supt.,,  Mass.  General  Hospital,  Boston,  Mass. 

Discussion  by  H.  E.  Bishop,  Supt.  Robert  Packard  Hos- 
pital, Sayre,  Pa. 

Paper:  How  the  Scientific  Services  May  be  Standardized 
in  the  Small  Hospital,  by  Dr.  0.  L.  Pelton,  President  Kane 
County  ^fedical  Society,  Elgin.  Illinois. 

Discussion  by  Joseph  Purvis,  Supt.  AVestern  Suburban  Hos- 
pital, Oak  Park,  Illinois. 

Round  Table:  Vital  Problems  of  the  Small  Hospital,  by 
Katherine  Prindiville,  Supt.  Lawrence  Hospital,  New  London, 
Conn. ;  Mrs.  Oca  Cushman.  Supt.  Children's  Hosjntal.  Denver. 
Colorado:  ]\[argaret  Rogers,  Supt.  Jewish  Hospital,  St, 
Louis,  Mo. 

Evening  Session^  8  p.m. 

Round  Table  Session  for  Large  Hospitals.  Conducted  by 
Dr.  John  A.  Hornsby.  Editor  Modern  Hospital.  Any  member 
who  wishes  to  have  a  topic  discussed  may  suggest  the  same  t<> 
Dr.  Hornsbv. 


88  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  Sept.,  1916 

Small  Hospital  Section. 

Question  Box  Session.  Conducted  by  Dr.  C.  D.  Wilkens, 
Yiee-President.  Those  who  have  questions  which  they  wish 
to  have  discussed  may  send  them  to  Dr.  Wilkens. 

FEIDAY,  SEPTEMBER  29,  1916. 

MoRIvING   SeSSIOjST^    10   A.M. 

Report  of  Committee  on  Legislation,  by  Dr.  H.  T.  Sum- 
mersgill,  Supt.  University  of  California  Hospital,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 

Treasurer's  Report. 

Report  of  Auditing  Committee. 

The  Hospital  and  the  Surgeon,  by  Dr.  S.  S.  Goldwater, 
Supt.  Mt.  Sinai  Hospital,  Xew  Yorlc  City. 

Discussion,  Opened  by  Dr.  John  G.  Clarke,  Professor  of 
Gvnecolofi'v,  University  of  Pennsylvania. 

Report  of  Committee  on  EtHciency  and  Progress,  by  Dr. 
George  O'Hanlon,  Supt.  Bellevue  and  Allied  Hospitals,  Xew 
York  Ci'ty. 

Election  of  Officers. 

Report  of  Committee  on  Time  and  Place  of  Xext  Meeting. 

Adjournment. 

AFTERxoo^"  Session. 

A  boat  ride  down  the  river  and  a  visit  to  Leao'ue  Island  and 
the  ISTavy  Yard. 

An  auto  trip  through  Eairmonnt  Park  to  Yalley  Forgo  and 
Washington's  Headquarters  during  the  Revolutionary  War. 

The  Committee  on  Local  Arrangements  has  also  made  pro- 
vision for  visits  to  the'U.  S.  ,Mint,  Independence  Hall,  Wana- 
maker's  Stores  and  other  points  of  special  interest  at  various 
times  during  the  Convention. 

Special  arrangements  have  been  made  for  those  who  wish 
to  visit  Baltimore  on  the  Saturday  followins;  the  Convention, 
and  arrangements  are  also  being  made  for  special  rates  for 
those  who  wish  to  spend  a  week-end  at  Atlantic  City. 

One  of  the  special  feativres  of  the  meeting  this  year  will  be 
the  large  commercial  exhibit,  which  will  undoubtedly  be  one 
of  the  most  instructive  exhibits  ever  presented. 


Sept.,  1916  THE  n(3SPITAL  WORLD  89 

War  Hospitals 

THE  KING'S  CANADIAN  RED  CROSS  CONVALES- 
CENT  HOSPITAL 


Within  talf  an  hour's  ride  from  London,  England,  on  the 
London  «S:  S'onth- Western  Kail  way,  th-^re  lies  a  spot  of  intense 
interest  to  all  Canadians,  and  to  not  a  few  other  Britishers  as 
well.  It  is  Bnshey  Park  at  Hampton  Hill,  Middlesex,  wherein 
is  the  King's  Canadian  Red  Cross  Convalescent  Hospital.  The 
ideal  location  is  due  to  the  generosity  of  His  Majesty  the  King- 
in  placing  this  delightful  section  of  his  park  at  the  disposal  of 
the  Canadian  Red  Cross  Society. 

Bushey  Park  consists  of  about  1,100  acres,  and  was  in  its 
early  days  a  sporting  ground  for  kings  and  princes.  To-day 
it  has  a  beautv  and  indefinable  charm  of  its  own.  Its  magni- 
ficent  and  stately  avenue  of  rich  foliage,  the  long  stretches  of 
placid  waters  in  its  streams,  the  herds  of  timid  deer  browsing 
on  its  rich  pastures  or  gracefully  gambolling  among  the  trees, 
all  combine  to  form  a  wonderful  setting  of  solemnitv,  grandeur 
and  repose.  * 

Famous  for  its  magnificent  Chestnut  Avenue,  which  is  over 
a  mile  long  and  fifty-six  yards  wide,  Bushey  Park,  when  the 
chestnut  trees  are  in  full  bloom  at  the  end  of  May,  presents  a 
picture  of  unrivalled  splendor.  The  low,  wide,  sweeping 
branches  are  then  laden  with  myriads  of  spiked,  white  flowers 
tinged  with  red,  to  which  the  massy  dark  green  piles  of  foliage 
serve  as  an  admirable  background,  and  which,  falling,  powder 
and  bespangle  the  turf  below  with  countless  stars.  The  sight 
is  one  that  attracts  throngs  of  visitors,  and  is  well  worthy  the 
visit  of  the  King  and  his  entourage  on  Chestnut  Sunday,  every 
spring. 

In-  the  enclosure  occupied  by  the  King's  Canadian  Red 
Cross  Convalescent  Hospital,  the  old  brick  and  stone  mauor 
house,  until  recent  years  occupied  by  the  late  Lady  Paget,  to 
S'ether  wuth  the  adjoining  stables  and  servants'  accommodations, 
has  been  transformed  into  quarters  for  the  administrative  staff 
and  wards  for  the  patients. 


1)0  THE  HOSPITAL  WOULD  Sept.,  191G 

The  dispensary,  dental  operating  room  and  laboratorv,  as 
well  as  the  general  administrative  offices,  occupy  new  and  splen- 
did constructed  asbestos-walled  huts  near  the  main  entrance 
to  the  grounds.  Similarly  built  huts,  with  accommodation  for 
200  patients,  have  recently  been  completed  near  the  main 
driveway.  All  the  most  modern  ideas  in  hospital  constructidu 
have  been  embodied  in  these  huts,  which  are  a  complete  unit 
in  themselves  and  altogether  independent  of  the  wards  in  the 
manor.  The  new  wards  are  large,  airy  and  cheerful  in  ap]iear- 
ance,  and  will,  with  the  kind  consent  of  their  Majesties,  be 
named  after  the  children  of  the  Royal  family. 

In  another  section  of  the  grounds  a  commodious  concert  hall 
has  been  erected.  This  is  utilized  by  the  patients  as  a  music 
and  recreation  room  during  the  day,  while  in  the  evenings  it 
is  often  the  scene  of  high-class  concerts  and  musicales  arranged 
by  patriotic  and  kind-hearted  artists  and  artistes,  the  majority 
of  whom  have  wide  reputations  as  entertainers. 

All  visitors  express  the  greatest  aduiiration  for  the  niaiiiic!' 
in  which  the  Canadians  have  transformed  the  place  into  a 
veritable  Garden  of  Eden.  Lawns  have  been  laid  out,  under- 
brush cleared  away  in  the  woods,  beautiful  old  \vi11din2:  walks 
among  the  trees  have  been  regraded  and  new  paths  run  through  ; 
trees  and  shrubs  have  been  trimmed,  ornamental  flower  beds 
of  quaint  design  planted,  until  now  the  suri'onudings  jireseiit 
a  most  brilliant  si)ectaclc  of  horticultural  grandeur,  through 
which,  placidly  wending  its  course,  is  a  quiet  little  stream  that 
stumbles  over  the  preci]iice  beueath  overhanging  branches  at 
the  edge  of  the  large  lawn  in  front  of  the  manor.  Among  the 
trees  further  down  the  stream  the  waters  deepen  perceptilily 
and  form  a  pool  which  is  at  once  a  delight  and  diversion  to  all 
who  enjoy  a  cool,  refreshing  plunge  to  the  accom})animent  of 
nu  ever-present  orchestra  of  birds  concealed  among  the  leafy 
''or'ghs  above. 

Then,  too,  there  is  the  large  vegetable  garden  and  orchard 
with  an  abundance  of  growins,-  vegetables  and  fruits  of  all  kinds, 
large  and  small,  sufficient  for  the  needs  of  the  hospital  for  many 
days  to  come. 

The  Canadian  Red  Cross  Society  is  to  be  congratulated 
that  its  efforts  to  provide  a  suitable  home  of  rest  for  conval- 


Sept.,  ]91G  TJIE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  91 

escing  Canadian  soldiers  are  meeting  with  tlie  success  already 
attained  at  tdie  King's  Canadian  Red  Cross  Convalescent  Hos- 
pital at  Bushej  Park.  This  is  in  no  small  measure  due  to  the 
efficiency  of  Colonel  Hodgetts,  commissioner  of  the  society  at 
14  Cockspur  Street,  London,  England.  Colonel  Hodgetts  pos- 
sesses the  useful  faculty  of  obtaining  the  greatest  ])ossible  re- 
sults for  the  least  expenditure  of  money. 

The  commanding  officer  of  the  institution  is  Lieut.-Col. 
Casgrain,  who  organized  ISTo.  3  Canadian  Stationary  Hospital 
in  l^cndon.  Out.,  and  went  over  in  command  of  that  unit  to 
Shorncliffe,  England,  where  it  was  largely  due  to  his  influence 
that  Canadian  medical  men  were  first  allowed  to  perform  opera- 
tions and  attend  the  sick  in  the  Military  Hospital  there.  Col. 
Casgrain's  unit,  although  organized  for  duty  in  France,  volun- 
teered for  service  at  the  Dardanelles,  was  accepted,  and  pro- 
ceeded to  the  Island  of  Lemnos.  While  there  the  rio'ors  of  the 
tropical  climate  claimed  Col.  Casgrain  for  a  victim,  with  the 
resivlt  that  for  more  than  two  months  his  recovery  was  in  doubt 
in  a  British  hospital  in  Alexandria,  Egypt.  However,  the 
Colonel  is  now  busy  demonstrating  his  administrative  ability  at 
the  Bushey  Park  institution. 

To  the  King's  Canadian  Red  Cross  Convalescent  Hos]n"tal 
there  come  for  rest  and  recuperation  soldiers  who  were  enlisted 
in  all  parts  of  Canada ;  men  w^ho  fell  wounded  at  Ypres,  Given- 
chy,  Festubert,  Loos  and  St.  Eloi,  and  men  who  passed  un- 
scathed throuo-h  the  horrors  of  those  fields  of  carnage. 


CANADIAN  RED  CROSS  HOSPITAL  OPENED  AT 

BUXTON,  ENGLAND 


The  formal  opening  of  the  Canadian  Red  Cross  Hosjutal  at 
Buxton  took  place  on  August  18th  in  the  presence  of  Sir  Sam 
Hughes,  of  Ottawa.  The  Duke  and  Duchess  of  Devons^hire,  who 
are  expected  very  shortly  in  Canada  to  occupy  Ride'au  Hall, 
formally  opened  the  institution.  The  Duchess  had  just  com- 
pleted a  tour  of  the  hospitals  in  Derbyshire. 


d2  THE  HOSPITAI.  WOKLD  Sept.,  1916 

Items 


The  plans  have  been  prepared  for  the  new  Fraser  Building 
to  be  added  to  the  Victoria  Public  Hospital  at  Fredericton, 
X.B. 

The  annual  meeting, of  the  Board  of  "Directors  of  the  King's 
Daughters'  Hos2:)ital  at  Duncan,  B.C.,  was  held  on  May  24th. 

The  Cottage  Hospital  at  Beverly,  Alta.,  was  opened  on 
May  10th.  It  is  one  of  the  lirst  hospitals  to  be  opened  in  this 
country  to  be  maintained  by  a  municipality. 

The  following  have  been  api^ointed  House  Surgeons  at  the 
Victoria  Hospital,  London:  Drs.  Stanley  ^Murray,  A.  McKay, 
D.  D.  Ferguson,  L.  ^I.  Jones  and  Renwick. 

Dr.  Hugh  lEcKay,  who  has  been  the  doctor  at  'the  Ontario 
Reformatory,  Guelph,  for  some  time,  has  been  transferred  to 
the  staff  of  the  Convalescent  Hospital  for  returned  soldiers  at 
Cpbourg,  and  left  on  July  21st  to  assume  his  new  duties. 

The  33rd  annual  report  of  the  Prince  Edward  Island  Hos- 
pital was  published  a  few  weeks  ago.  The  hospital  closed  this 
year  with  a  deficit  of  $163.08.  the  deficit  of  the  previous 
year  being  $263.00.  The  number  of  patients  who  received 
treatment  during  the  past  year  was  562,  as  compared  with  417 
during  the  previous  year.  Prince  Edward  Island  Hospital 
now  has  accommodation  for  about  sixty  patients. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Alexandra  Hospital,  Montreal, 
shows  that  during  the  year  1915  903  eases  were  treated,  in- 
eluding  417  of  diphtheria,  292  of  scarlatina,  183  of  measles, 
6  of  erysipelas,  and  3  of  cerebro-spinal  meningitis.  The  cost 
of  maintenance  amounted  to  $2.20  a  day  per  patient.  As  we 
already  announced,  the  Xurses'  Home  was  opened  about  a 
year  and  a  half  ago,  and  this  has  improved  conditions  at  the 
hospital  very  materially. 


Sept.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  93 

The  recent  amendment  to  the  Hospital  Act  in  British 
Columbia  now  throws  the  onus  of  responsibility  for  hospital 
expenses  incurred  by  its  residents  upon  the  municipality.  V\) 
till  recently  the  municipality  w^as  only  responsible  for  indigent 
patients,  but  as  it  is  extremely  difficult  to  prove  that  a  patient 
is  indigent,  the  hospitals  have  frequently  been  unable  to  collect 
the  fees  from  either  the  patient  or  the  municipality.  Under 
the  new  arrangement,  if  the  bill  is  not  paid  by  the  patient,  the 
municii>ality  will  pay  the  hospital,  and  will  then  do  its  best  to 
collect  the  amount  from  the  patient. 


A  Hospital  for  Mentally  Disabled   Soldiers  Opened  at 
Cobourg 

At  the  request  of  the  Dominion  Hospitals  Commission,  the 
Ontario  Government  has  donated  the  old  Victoria  College  Build- 
ing  at  Cobourg  for  the  care  of  mentally  disabled  soldiers.  Two 
expert  alienists  have  been  appointed  to  carry  out  the  treatment, 
and  up-to-date  electrical  and  other  appliances  have  been  placed 
at  their  command.  The  new  hospital  was  opened  two  weeks  or 
so  ago  with  eight  inmates,  and  it  is  expected  that  others  will  at 
once  be  taken  from  the  various  institutions  where  they  have  been 
temporarily  accommodated.  In  future  all  soldiers  suffering 
from  mental  breakdown  or  disability  will  be  sent  to  the  Cobourg 
institution,  where  attractive  surroundings  combined  with  expert 
treatment  may,  it  is  hoped,  remove  the  disability. 


Another  Hospital  Opened  for  Canadian  Officers 

The  Perkins-Bulls  Hospital  for  Canadian  officers  at  Putney 
Windows,  which  overlooks  the  famous  Heath,  was  opened  on 
July  19th  by  the  Lord  Mayor,  Sir  Charles  Wakefield,  himself 
intimately  acquainted  with  Canada.  He  spoke  of  the  associa- 
tions of  the  new  hospital.  William  Pitt  died  in  the  adjoining 
house ;  Oliver  Cromwell  lived  close  by ;  Dick  Turpin  and  Jack 
Shepherd  knew  every  inch  of  the  district. 

Surgeon-General  Jones  read  a  letter  of  appreciation  from 
the  first  five  officers  to  occupy  the  hospital — Capt.  McDiarmid, 
Vancouver;  Capt.  Eyres,  Toronto;  Capt.  Bull,  Winnipeg; 
Lieut.  Clark,  Calgary;  and  Lieut.  Morrison,  Halifax. 

Sir  Thomas  IMacKenzic,  of  Xew  Zealand ;  Sherilf  Touche 
and  Sir  Richard  McBride,  also  spoke.  ^Miss  Fitzpatrick,  of 
Hamilton,  is  Matron,  and  John  T.  Ryan,  Secretary. 


9±  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Sept.,  191G 

Book  Reviews 


A  Text-Book  of  Physiological  Chemistry.  By  O.  Hammarstej^, 
Emeritus  Professor  of  Medical  and  Phvsiolooical  Chemis- 
try.  University  of  Upsala.  Authorized  translation  for  the 
8th  German  edition,  by  John  A.  Mandel,  of  the  LTniversity 
of  Xew  York.  Xew  York:  John  Wiley  i:  Sons,  Inc.  Lon- 
don: Chapman  &  Hall,  Ltd.     1915. 

The  revision  of  this  edition  was  made  with  the  ^assistance  of 
Professor  Hedin,  of  the  University  of  Upsala,  and  was  l)r(>n<>-ht 
up  to  1913. 

Althoug-h  the  work  has  been  enlarged,  the  number  of  chap- 
ters has  been  cut  from  eighteen  to  seventeen  by  combining  Chap- 
ters I  and  II. 

This  translation  is  the  seventh  i\nierican  edition  arid  is  very 
well  done. 

This  book  is  })r()l)al)ly  the  best  there  is  in  the  English  lan- 
guage, both  as  a  reference  book  and  working  manual,  ^fethods 
and  tests  generally  are  described  in  detail,  and  in  such  manner 
that  the  man  in  the  laboratory  can  follow  directions  and  get 
results. 

The  book  contains  nianv  references  to  original  articles;  also 
index  of  authors  and  a  \erv  complete  general  index. 


A  Text-Book  of  Physiological  Chemistry  in  Thirty  Lectures. 
By  E.  ABDERirAi.BEx,  Professor  of  Physiology  of  the 
Physiological  Yeterinary  High  School,  Berlin.  Translated 
by  William  T.  Halt,  and  George  Defren.  New  York : 
John  Wiley  &  Sons,  Inc.  London:  Chapman  &  Hall.  Ltd. 
191L 

This  book  is  a  compilation  of  thirty  lectures  and  is  therefore 
a  book  of  reference  rather  than  a  workino-  manu'al. 

As  stated  in  the  author's  ])reface,  the  aim  has  been  to  con- 
sider only  subjects  of  general  interest  and  importance,  and 
which  have  been  proved,  omitting  isolated  facts  and  such  as 
have  not  been  definitelv  estal)lished. 


Sept.,  1916  THE   HOSPITAL  WORLD  95 

Although  printed  in  IDl-t  the  translators'  preface  is  dated 
1908. 

The  snbjec't-matter  includes  the  topics  ordinarily  considered 
under  this  heading.  A  few  tests  and  methods  are  given,  but  in 
a  general  wav  rather  than  in  detail. 

The  book  is  well  written  and  the  rrauslatitm  is  well  done  anl 
forms  smooth  reading.  The  translators  have  used  the  systema- 
tized form  of  spelling  recommended  and  adopted  by  the  chemical 
societies  of  this  country  and  England. 


Industrial  Welfare  Number  of  the  Modern  Hospital. 

The  August  number  of  The  Modem  Hospital,  St.  Louis 
;ni<l  Chicago,  is  devoted  to  a  symposium  on  welfare  work  among 
tlio  industrial  corporations  of  the  country.  There  are  editorials 
l)y  those  competent  to  write  on  this  important  subject,  a  great 
numl^er  of  papers  written  by  welfare  directors  in  some  of  the 
most  important  industrial  corporations,  and  an  immense 
amount  of  statistics  and  figures  and  facts  showing  the  huge 
\olume  of  work  that  the  corporations  are  doing  to  protect  their 
employees  against  sickness,  accidents  and  discontent.  The 
journal  contains  many  illustrations  of  first  aid  stations,  emer- 
gency hospitals  and  welfare  departments  of  industrial  plants, 
and  many  facts  that  should  be  of  great  help  to  those  interested. 
Among  the  topics  discussed  are  those  of  first  aid,  industrial 
nursing,  lunches  and  diets  for  industrial  employees,  safety  de- 
vices in  factories  and  athletic  and  social  clubs  for  employees. 
The  editors  frankly  state  that  they  have  been  unable  to  obtain 
figures  as  to  cost  of  welfare  work  in  the  industries,  but  a  num- 
l)er  of  writers  attempt  to  make  deductions  and  draw  conclu- 
sions from  their  experiences  of  the  past  few  years. 

The  Modern  Hospital  divides  welfare  work  into  three 
])hases : 

1.  To  make  employees  healthy,  comfortable  and  happy,  in 
order  that  they  may  achieve  the  highest  efficiency  in  their 
work. 

2.  To  help  employees  prepare  for  the  day  when  they  are 
]"trevented  from  being  bread  winners,  so  that  dependents  on 
them  may  be  provided  for  in  cases  of  sickness  or  disability. 


96  THE  PIOSPITAL  WOELD  Sei^t.,  191G 

3.  To  provide  entertainment,  recreation  and  interesting 
grouiiings,  in  order  that  the  employees  of  the  corporation  may 
have  mutual  interests  which  will  enhance  their  loyalty  and 
team  work. 

Some  able  writers  have  discussed  the  various  features  of 
welfare  work  for  the  different  branches  of  industry,  as,  for  in- 
,  stance,  Dr.  Thomas  Darlington,  former  Health  Commissioner 
of  ]^ew  York  and  medical  director  of  the  American  Iron  and 
Steel  Institute,  discusses  the  present  scope  of  welfare  work  in 
the  iron  and  steel  industries.  Dr.  Samuel  Lambert  writes  on 
provision  for  medical  care  under  health  insurance,  and  Dr.  S, 
S.  Goldwater,  formerly ,  Health  Commissioner  of  New  York, 
has  an  editorial  on  the  conservation  of  health  of  industrial 
workers.  Welfare  work  in  the  public  utility  corporations  is 
discussed  bv  Mr.  H.  H.  Vreeland,  ijeneral  manager  of  the  Inter- 
borough  Rapid  Transit  Company,  Xew  York.  ^Ir.  James 
Prentiss  Duncan  discusses  welfare  work  in  the  telephone  and 
telegraph  corporations.  Mr.  H.  G.  Kobick,  manager  of  the  em- 
ployment department  of  the  Commonwealth  Edison  Company, 
discusses  welfare  work  in  the  electric  lighting  corporations.  Mr. 
S.  F.  IVJeore  discusses  welfare  work  among  the  gas  corporations. 
There  are  stories  of  welfare  work  in  such  department  stores  as 
Wanamaker,  Macy's,  Mart^hall  Field,  and  similar  great  con- 
cerns. Mr.  G.  A.  Ranney,  secretary,  discusses  welfare  work  of 
the  International  Harvester  Company.  Mrs.  Anne  Kendrick 
Walker  discusses  welfare  work  among  the  clothing  and  suit 
manufacturers.  A  representative  of  Armour  &  Co.  writes  on 
the  subject  of  welfare  work  in  Packingtown,  Chicago.  Besides 
many  more  of  these  special  papers,  there  is  an  epitome  of  wel- 
fare work  in  hundreds  of  the  corporations  of  the  country. 

Perhaps  the  best  feature  of  the  industrial  numl>er  of  The 
Modern  Hospital  is  the  attempt  on  the  part  of  the  editors  to 
weed  out  those  features  of  industrial  welfare  that  they  believe 
midesirable  and  to  emphasize  those  that  seem  to  best  meet  the 
present  needs  of  the  American  public. 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


xvn 


Walk-Over  Shoes 

Correct  Foot  Troubles  in  a 
Natural,  Comfortable  Way 

>qpHE  WALK-OVER    BOOT  SHOP  makes  a  specialty 

of  fitting  shoes  to  deformed  or  abnormal  feet.  A  wide  range 

of  over  twenty  lasts  and  at  least  112  sizes  in  each  last 

makes  it  possible  for  us  to  fit  almost  any  foot,  even   though 

badly  deformed,  with  a  stylish  and  comfortable  shoe.       •■       • 

"^  The  doctor  in  charge  of  our  Orthopedic  Depart- 
ment is  expert  in  the  fitting  of  arch  supports, 
made-to-order  shoes,  etc.,  and  gladly  gives  free 
consultation  and  advice. 

Self-measuring  FOOTOGRAPH  charts  will  be 
mailed  to  out-of-town  customers  who  do  not  find  it 
convenient  to  visit  the  store.  Full  directions  with 
each  chart. 

WALK-OVER 
BOOT  SHOP 

290  YONGE  STREET      -      TORONTO 
Also  at  521  St.  Catherine  St.,  Montreal 


GRAND  PRIZE 

Panama-Pacific  Exposition 
San   Francisco,    1915 


GRAND  PRIZE 

Panama-California  Exposition 
San  Diego,  1915 


Registered 
Trade-Mark 


BAKER'S  COCOA 

IS  as  delicious  in  flavor  as  it  is  nigh 
in   quality  and    absolute   in   purity. 

AH    of    our    goods    sold    m 
Canada    are    made    m    Canada 

Booklet  or  Choice  Recipes 
sent  tree  on  request. 


WALTER    BAKER    y    CO.    LIMITED 

ESTABLISHED   1780 

MONTREAL,  CAN.  :  DORCHESTER,  MASS. 


"When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


xviii  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Sept.,  V.m> 


NEW  HOSPITAL  APPLIANCES,  PHARMACEUTI- 
CAL PREPARATIONS,  ETC. 


An  Odorless  Disinfectant 

Platt's  Chloride,  the  Odorless  Disinfectant,  does  all  the 
work  a  disinfectant  is  called  upon  to  do — quickly,  thoroughly, 
economically  and  without  objectionable  features  of  any  kind. 

It  is  harmless  and  does  not  stain  articles  which  it  touches, 
when  diluted  according  to  directions.  It  is  used  universally, 
has  the  endorsement  of  the  medical  profession  everywhere,  and 
is  far  superior  to  the  coal  tar  products  on  account  of  being  free 
from  ^any  pungent  odor  which  so  many  of  them  contain. 

Piatt's  Chlorides  not  onlv  removes  odors,  bivt  destroys  the 
cause.  It  is  of  big  value  in  the  sick  room  as  well  as  the 
household. 

An  attracti\'e  booklet,  ''  The  Sanitary  Home,"  will  gladly  be 
mailed  on  request,  by  addressing  the  manufacturers,  Henry  B. 
Piatt,  42  Cliff  St.,  X.Y. 


The  Ostermoor  Mattress 

Hospital  Superintendents  who  are  anxious  to  instal  high- 
class  bedding  in  their  Institutions  should,  before  doing  so,  com- 
municate with  the  Alaska  Feather  and  Down  Co.,  ]\Iontreal. 
This  firm  recently  equipped  the  New  General  Hospital,  Mont- 
real, as  Avell  as  other  large  Institutions.  The  Ostermoor  Mat- 
tress is  resilient  and  ideal  for  Hospital  use,  as  it  Avill  stand  the 
hardest  of  wear  without  sagging.  It  sells  at  a  very  reason- 
able price  and  is  comjiosed  of  the  best  of  nuiterial. 


The  Purity  of  Cocoa 

L^NDOUBTEDLY,  the  most  important  point  to  be  considered  in  the 
selection  of  cocoia  is  ])nrity.  Many  people,  however,  do  not 
understand  what  is  meant  by  the  phrase  ^'  absolutely  pure  "  as 
we  apply  it  to  Baker's  Cocoa.  It  means  that  the  cocoa  has  been 
prepared  by  a  mechanical  process ;  that  it  has  not,  during  any 
stage  of  that  process,  been  touched  by  chemicals ;  that  only  so 
much  of  the  cocoa  butter  is  removed  as  is  necessary  to  niake 
the  cocoa  more  easily  digestible  and  keep  it  in  the  form  of 
powder;  that  nothing  has  been  added  to  it;  that  it  is  all  cocoa, 
nothing  bnt  cocoa,  and  that  cocoa  of  high  grade.  It  does  not 
contain  any  added  mineral  matter. 

Opposed  to  the  cocoas  made  by  the  mechanical  process  are 
those  prei^ared  by  the  chemical  or  so-called  "  Dutch  "  process. 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  TIOSPITAL  WOULD 


XIX 


r 


Retarded,  Impeded  Circulation 
in  an  Inflamed  Part— Unless 
Quickly  Relieved  —  Inevitably 
Leads  on  to  Suppuration  .... 
In  Clinical  Practice,  Nothing 
Approaches 


■^'WEEO^MHW.    SERIAL  Nck»t___ f 


nmii.""*< 


i 


CO.  '■ 


^•^^  DENVER  c'hEMICAUM 

;  tSTiij         NEW  VOHK  CITY.  U.  S.»-.      ^<t»' 


.  MF(i 


t  ►UJ<i-li«--'   J--^'     ,;tEl     .^ 


15 


Directions:— Always  heat 
in  the  original  container  by 
placing  in  hot  water. 
Needless  exposure  to  the 
air,  impairs  its  osmotic 
properties — on  which  its 
therapeutic  action  largely 
depends. 


applied  hot  and  thick, — in  its  unique  power  to  relieve,  by 
osmosis  and  nerve  stimulation,  the  congestion  of  inflam- 
mation; thus  benignly  assisting  Nature  in  restoring  normal 
circulation — the  requisite  for  healthy  cell-growth. 


Uniformly  and  consistently  the   same   reliable 
"Antidote  for  Inflammation" — Summer  and  Winter 


By  ordering  Antiphlogistim  in  full  and  original  packages  :  Small,  ^M^edium, 
Large,  or  Hospital  Size,  "a  perfect  poultice"  is  assured. 


Ph})sicians  should  WRITE  " Antiphlogistine"  to  AVOID  '•substitutes.  " 

"There's  Only  One  Antiphlogistine" 
THE  DENVER  CHEMICAL  MFG.  COMPANY    -    MONTREAL 


When   writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XX  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  Sept.,  1916 

Look  at  the  labels  on  the  packages  of  these  cocoas.     They  bear 

the  inscription  "  Contain per  cent,  of  added  mineral 

matter."  Su'oh  cocoas  are  impure;  they  are  adulterated  by  the 
addition  of  potash  deposited  during  the  process  of  manufacture  ; 
and  the  addition  of  potash  even  in  small  quantities  offers  a 
serious  menace  to  digestion. 

In  the  process  employed  in  the  mills  of  Walter  Baker  &  Co., 
Ltd.,  no  chemicals  are  employed. 

The  delicious  flavor  of  Baker's  Breakfast  Cocoa  is  the 
natural  flavor  of  high  grade  cocoa  beans,  skilfully  blended ;  the 
color  is  the  natural  color,  and  its  general  excellence  is  so  well 
known  to  food  experts  and  dietitians  that  it  is  used  as  the 
standard  with  which  all  other  brands  are  compared. 

The  cocoa  and  chocolate  preparations  of  Walter  Baker  & 
Co.,  Ltd.,  received  the  Grand  Prize  at  the  Louisiana  Purchase 
Exposition  at  St.  Louis  in  1904,  at  the  Panama-Pacific  Expo- 
sition at  San  Francisco  in  1915,  ^at  the  Panama-California 
Exposition  at  San  Diego  in  1915,  and  altogether  57  highest 
awards  in  Europe  and  America. 


The  Condition  of  Floors 

The  cause  of  much  worry  and  trouble  to  those  in  charge  of 
keeping  1)he  floor  in  proper  condition  is  the  use  of  unsatisfac- 
tory material  or  improper  treatment,  and  can  be  avoided  or 
corrected,  as  has  been  proved  in  many  cases. 

If  yoivr  floor  is  linoleum,  hardwood,  composition,  or  if  only 
a  painted  pine  floor,  it  can  be  kept  in  perfect  condition  at  the 
minimum  of  cost  /and  less  labor  by  the  proper  use  of  C.  &  B, 
Floor  Wax,  whioh  gives  'the  hardest  and  most  durable  finish,  and 
is  altogether  the  most  satisfactory  medium  known  to  those  who 
have  tried  every  experiment  on  floor  finishes. 


Ziratol  a  New  Antiseptic 

A  NEW  germicide  and  antiseptic  has  recently  been  brought  under 
the  notice  of  the  Profession  in  Canada  under  the  name  of  Ziratol. 
It  belongs  to  the  Naphthalene  series  and  is  almost  free  from  odor. 
Two  teaspoonfuls  to  one  quart  of  water  can  be  used  most  effectively 
in  washing  out  incised  wounds.  It  not  only  is  germicidal  in  actiou, 
but  will  arrest  minor  hemorrhage.  For  general  disinfecting,  as 
well  as  for  laundry  purposes,  two  teaspoonfuls  to  one  quart  of 
water  will  be  the  correct  strength.  The  same  strength  should  be 
used  for  washing  out  the  bath  tub,  basin,  toilet  and  for  scrubbing 
floors  and  walls  -after  contagious  disease.  For  vaginal  douche  use 
one  teaspoonful  to  the  quart.  Ziratol  is  quite  pleasant  to  use  and 
physicians  will  be  pleased  with  the  results. 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXI 


A  Boon  to  Institution 
Laundries 

In  tbese  days  when  there  is  considerable 
trouble  in  reference  to  "  help "  in  large 
Institutions,  any  effective  labor  saving 
device  is  more  than  ^velcome.  One  such 
device,  vi'hich  will  make  laundry  ■work  in 
a  Hospital  easy,  is 

TORO  TABLETS 

Their  use  will  be  found  a  boon,  rendering 
the  ^vork  of  washing  far  more  effective 
and  easy.  The  TORO  TABLET  is  dis- 
infectant in  character,  so  that  no  matter 
how  mixed  the  articles  of  clothing  may 
be,  or  ho\v  soiled,  they  come  out  spotlessly 

white.      TORO    TABLETS    will   not 

injure  the  finest  fabric  and  no  scrubbing  is 
necessary.  One  tablet  of  TORO  and 
half-a-pound  of  soap  and  the  work  is  done. 
Hospitals  supplied  in  large  quantities  at 
low  prices. 


THE   TORO 

BIRMINGHAM 


TABLET   CO. 

ENGLAND 


Canadian  Office — 
113  RONCESVALLES  AVENUE,  TORONTO 


QTSSErSTZTETBTSSSSSJESSS^l 


There  is  Never 
Failure 

in  performance  of  duty  when  the 
matterof  the  patient's  co-operation 
in  PYORRHEA  treatment  is 
based  upon  the  daily  use  of 

mm 

Its  tooth  cleansing  qualities 
and  its  beneficial  effects  in  allayin^^ 
soft,  bleeding,  spongy,  re- 
ceding gums  are  readily  per- 
ceived by  the  user — THAT'S 
THE  ANSWER.  PYORRHO- 
CIDE  is  a  home  treatment  for  the 
prevention  of 

PYORRHEA 

THE  DENTINOL  &  PYORRHOCIDE  CO.  Inc. 

110-112  West  40tli  Street      -      New  York 


iO| 


IrfarajHrs-rHj-a-TH/HrHj-ajHrajiD 


llllllll!llllllll!lllllllllllllllll!lllllllllllllllllllll!llllllllllllllllllllllll|l|llllllllllllllll!lllllllll^^ 


m 


When  Breast  Milk  Fails 

the  physician  will  find  Gail  ^ce^    73or^c^^e^ 

Borden  Eagle  Brand  Con- 
densed Milk  a  satisfying 
and  satisfactory  substitute.  It 
is  especially  useful  in  gastro- 
intestinal disorders  ot  infants. 


BRAND 


Condensed 

MILK 


aSgllTREAL.CftNADA,        ^■ 


THE  ORIGINAL 

is  advised  because  it  is  safe  and  wholesome, 
uniform  in  composition,  easily  assimilated 
and  simple  to  prepare.  During  the  warm 
months  a  safe  milk  supply  is  of  the  utmost 
importance. 

Wtilt  lo- day  for  samples,  analysis,  Feeding  Charts  in  any 
language,  and  our  52-page  book,   "Baby's  Welfare.  " 

BORDEN  MILK  COMPANY,  Ltd.    -    Montreal 

"LEADERS  OF  QUALITY" 
Branch  Office :  2  Arcade  Bldgf.,  Vancouver,  B.C. 


lillllii 


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When   writing  advertisers,   please   mention   The   Hospital   World. 


xxii  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  Sept.,  1910 

The  Vortex  System 

INSTITUTIONS  should  look  into  the  merits  of  the  Vortex  Indivi- 
dual Sanitary  Service.     This  is  essentially  an  advance  along  the 
lines  of  sanitary  science  and^is  ideal  for  use  in  hospitals,  sana- 
toria, asylums — in  fact,  all  public  places.    The  idea  is  the  adop- 
tion of  the  individual  drinking  cup,  which  each  person  uses  and 
at  once  dispenses  with  the  cup  by  throwing  it  away,  thus  avoid- 
ing contagion.     The  Vortex  Service  consists  of  heavily  plated 
cup  holders  and  rice  paper  cups,  the  latter  made  water-tigiht  by 
a  patented  process.  The  cups  are  kept  in  silver-plated  containers 
and  are  removed  \vithout  even  the  hands  touching  them.     The 
moment  the  cup  is  used  it  is  discarded.     With  this  system  no 
time  is  lost  in  washing  dishes  and  no  expense  of  renewing  broken 
glasses.     The  cups  can  of  course  be  used  not  only  for  drinking 
hot  and  cold  fluids,  but  also  for  serving  ice-cream,  fruit,  etc.   The 
Vortex  System  is  not  only  sanitary,  meeting  every  requirement 
of  sanitary  laws,  but  is  quite  economical.     Could  anything  be 
more  suitable  for  the  average  hospital,  ])articularly  in  private 
patients'  buildings  ?    Full  particulars  can  be  obtained  from  the 
Canadian  Wm.  A.  Rosi'ers.  Lirnitcil.  r)70  Kini>'  St.  AVcst,  Toronto. 


The  Rigo  Eye  Pipette 

Readers  of  this  journal  will  note  on  another  page  of  this  issue 
the  advertisement  of  the  Rigo  Eye  Pipette,  as  manufactured  by 
the  Ridiards  Glass  Co.,  Limited,  Toronto.  Oculists  are  aware 
that  sometimes  injury  is  done  to  the  eye  through  the  use  by  the 
patient  himself  of  an  ordinary  medicine  dropper,  as  sold  liy  drug 
stores.  Frequently  the  edge  of  the  medicine  drop]ier  is  rough, 
setting  up  trouble  in  the  eye  as  a  result.  The  Rigo  Eye  Pipette, 
however,  is  made  from  heavy  glass  tubing,  free  from  all  defects, 
and  is  fitted  with  the  best  quality  of  rubber  nipple.  It  is  now 
prescribed  by  many  of  the  leading  oculists,  both  in  Toronto  and 
Montreal.  The  shape  and  style  was  first  suggested  by  Dr.  Gil- 
bert Royce,  who  not  only  adopted  the  Rigo  Eye  Pipette  for  eye 
work,  but  also  for  introducing  liquids  in  the  post-nasal  passage 
and  for  work  on  children's  ears.  The  Rigo  Eye  Pipette  can  be 
procured  at  any  important  drug  store  or  direct  from  the  manu- 
facturers at  265  Adelaide  Street  AVest,  Toronto. 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  Wol.'LI 


XXI U' 


(4 


THE  WHITE  LINE" 


SCANLAN-MORRIS 
COMPANY 


Sterilizingr  Room,  St.  Mary's  Hospital,  Rochester,  Miaa. 


Operating  Room,  Presbyterian  Hospital,  Chicago 

Our  catalogiie  of  Modern  Operating  Room  Furniture  and  Sterilizing  Apparatus 
will  he  forwarded  upon  request,  to  Hospital  Superintendents 

SCANLAN-MORRIS  CO.,   MADISON,    WIS.,   U.S.A. 

Manufacturers  of  the  "White  Line"  Hospital  Furniture  and 
Sterilizing  Apparatus 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The  Hospital  World. 


XXIV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


Sept.,  1916 


92%  OF  THE  HOSPITALS 

WHO  FAVOR  US  WITH  THEIR  PATRONAGE,   BUY 

"ABSORBON" 

The  Lo-w-Priced  Absorbent  Cotton  of  Quality 

in  preference  to  other  brands,  because  it  is  better  value  at  the  price 
than  any  other  brand  on  this  market. 

Guaranteed  pure,  sterile — passes  through  the  same  50  different 
operations  as  our  higher  grades — sells  lor 
less  because  made  from  short  staple  cotton 
which  costs  less  than  long  fibre  cotton 
though  quality  is  identical. 

Investigate — A  postcard  brings  samples  and 
prices  to  your  desk. 

Maplewood  Mills 


Largest  Manufacturers  in  the  World 
FALL    RIVER,    MASS. 


WATER  COOLtn 


THE    PARTICULAR   ATTENTION    OF 
PHYSICIANS,  NURSES  AND   HOSPITALS   IS 
CALLED   TO 

The  Allen  Germ -Proof  Water 
Purifier  and  Cooler 

In  these  days,  when  the  water  supplied  in  many 
of  our  cities  is  not  what  it  ought  to  be,  the  Profession 
and,  through  it,  the  Public  will  welcome  such  a  device. 

The  ALLEN  WATER  COOLER  SERVICE,  through 
its  system  of  filtration,  guarantees  a  water  that  is  practically 
ahsolutety  pure.  Dr.  A.  A.  Thibaudeau  of  the  Laboratory  of 
Pathology,  University  of  Buffalo,  states  that  "The  Allen 
Filter  can  maintain  an  efficiency  of  100  per  cent."  adding 
that  the  filter  was  allowed  to  operate  continuously  for  three 
days  and  that  no  bacterial  growth  was  found  in  the  samples  after 
48  hours'  exposure  on  plates. 

Medical  men  can  rest  assured  that,  in  recommending  the  use  of 
the  Allen  Water  Cooler  Service  to  their  patients,  they  are 
materially  hastening  their  convalescence. 

THE  DOMINION  SALES  CO.,  LIMITED 

Suite  J,  Yonge  St.  Arcade,  Toronto  Telephone  Main  3797' 

When   writing  advertisers,    please  mention   Tlie   Hospital   World. 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXV 


PHYSICIANS    PREFER 


GLOSS 


# 


FLAT 
WHITE    ENAMEL 

SANITARY 

WASHABLE 


-DUSTIROOF 


ARTISTIC 

Will  Not   Turn  Yellow 

Elastics  The  Perfect  Floor  Finish 
^,^,__^  Send    for    Sample  Paper 


TORONTO 


ONTARIOr 


ELECTRIC   CENTRIFUGES 
INTERNATIONAL    INSTRUMENT    COMPANY 

Are  used  in  the  Laboratories  of  the  Leading 

Hospitals   of   Canada   and   the   United   States 

23  Church  St.  Cambridge,    Mass. 

Send  for  Catalog  Ca. 


Kjeldahl 
Stills 


Bottle 
Shakers 


Minot 
Rotary 


Paraffin    ■ 
Microtomes 


Electrically  Lighted 
Surgical  Instruments 


Modern  General  Diagnostic  Outfit 

This  Outfit  now  weighs  but  -i^:  pounds,  and  measures 
3'/i  X  7  X  15  inches,  making  it  very  convoment  to  carry.  The 
instruments  are  equipped  with  tungsten  lamps. 

Price  :  Case  with  battery  and  instruments,  complete, 
$40.00.  fc* 

The  more  brilliant  illumination  and  lower  temperature 
of  the  tungsten  lamps  with  which  they  are  now  equipped, 
have  greatly  increased  the  usefulness  of  E.  S.  I.  Co.  instru- 
ments, such  as 

Jackson  Bronchoscopes  and  Laryngeal  Specula 

Holmes  Nasopharyngoscopes 

Tutlle  and  Lynch  Procto-Sigmoidoscopes 

Braasch  Cystoscopes 

Koch,  Swinburne  and  Young  Urethroscopes,  etc. 

Eighth  Edition  of  our  Catalogue  upon  request. 

ELECTRO  SURGICAL  INSTRUMENT  CO..  Rochester,  N.Y 


XXVI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Sept.,  I'JIG 


Highest 
Grade 
Only 


GERHARD  HEINTZMAN 

GRAND  ) 

SELF-PLAYER    PIANOS 
UPRIGHT         J 

Edison  Diamond  Disc 
Phonographs 


Columbia  Grafonolas 


There  is  nothing  like  music  for  the  home — which  all  can 
enjoy.    What    better   than    music    for  the    convalescent? 

Write  for  our  complete   catalogue  of  Pianos  and  Phono- 
graphs.     Easy   terms    of    payment    on    any    instrument. 

Gerhard  Heintzman  Limited 


(Opp.  City  HaH) 


41  West  Queen  St.,  Toronto 


When   writing   advertisers    please  mention   Tlio   Hospital    Worlrf. 


Sept.,  lUlG 


THE   HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXV 11 


is  appreciated  by  discerning  people  because — 

Only  the  best  materials  are  used, 

Of  our  exclusive  process  of  fermentation, 

Of   the   exactness  of   manufacturing   methods,   assuring   bread  and    buns   of    uniform 
excellence, 

The  greatest  cleanliness  is  observed  in  the  manufacture  and  distribution. 

S  Wf  II FE 

MADE     AND     WR  VPPED     BY     MACHINERY 


The  Peculiar  Advantage 


of  the 


Prominent  physicians  and 
gynecologists  everywhere 
recommend  the  MARVEL 
Syringe  in  cases  of  Leu- 
corrhea, Vaginitis  and  other 
Vaginal  diseases.  It  al- 
ways gives  satisfaction. 


All  Druggists  and  Dealers 
in  Surgical  Instruments  sell 
it.     For  literature,  address 

MARVEL  COMPANY 

'44  E.  23rd  Street,  NEW  YORK 


Marvel  "Whirling 
Spray''  Syringe 

is   that    The    Marvel,    by    its 

Centrifugal  action,  dilates 
and  flushes  the  vaginal  passagt 
with  a  volume  of  whirling 
fluid,  which  smooths  out  the 
folds  and  permits  the  injec- 
tion to  come  in  contact  with 

its  entire  sur- 
face. 

The  Marvel  Company 
was  awarded  the  Gold 
Medal,  Diploma  and 
Certificate  of  Appro- 
bation by  the  Societe 
D'Hyffiene  de  France, 
at  Paris,  Oct.  9,  1902. 


When    writing    advertisers,    please    nienf.on    Tl.e    Hospital    WorM. 


xxviii  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Sept.,  1916 


Cut  Flowers  for  the  Sick  Room 


I  HERE  is  a  feeling  abroad  that  physicians  are  sometimes  apt  to  pay 
-*-  less  attention  than  they  should  to  the  aesthetic  side  of  their  profes- 
sion. Can  there  be  any  question  as  to  the  added  comfort  to  the  patient, 
during  the  weary  days  of  convalescence,  of  the  fragrance  of  Nature's  most 
beautiful  products  in  the  form  of  Roses,  Carnations,  and  other  cut  flowers  ? 

May  I  ask  Physicians  to  note  that  /  make  a  specialty  of  cut  flowers  of 
almost  any  kind. 

Particular  attention  is  called  to  my  three-year-old  Rose  Plants,  ready 
for  planting,  and  which  I  will  deliver  at  $1.50  per  dozen.  They  are 
Hybrid  Teas,  and  will  bloom  all  summer  long. 

Special  prices  quoted  to  Hospitals  and  Doctors 


W.  J.  Lawrence 


152  Roselawn  Avenue  -  -  -  Toronto 

Phone  North  2221 


"Yhen  writing  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital   World. 


Sept.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXIX 


A  Strictly 
Sanitary  Laundry 

Two  of  our  strong  points  are: 

1st.  We  will  not  accept  laundry 
from  any  place  where  there 
is  contagious  disease. 

2nd.  Our  prompt  delivery. 

Ever  go  to  dress  and  fiad 
that  CLEAN  LINEN  you 
counted    on    hadn't    come  ? 

No  trouble  like  that  with 
the  Yorkville  Laundry 
Prompt  delivery  is  an  ab- 
solute     rule     with     us. 

Yorkville  Laundry 

45  Elm  St.,  Toronto       Phone  M.  1589 


Pnysicians    should     always    remember 
that  by  the  use  of 

THE  DELANEY  DUSTLESS  AND 
FIREPROOF  SIFTER 

all  further  trouble  from  dust  in  the  house- 
hold is  eliminated,  no  more  Bronchial 
Coughs  from  dust  in  the  sleeping  rooms  as 
the  atmosphere  of  the  house  is  sweet  and 
clean.  The  publishers  of  this  Journal  re- 
commend the  adoption  of  The  Delaney 
Dustless  Sifter  as  a  sanitary  measure. 

W.  H.  DELANEY 
89  West  Marion  St. 

Phone  Park  4992. 


Toronto 


Physician's  Scale. 

Designed  especially  for  use  in  Hospitals, 
in  offices  of  physicians.  Something  that  is 
essential  in  connection  with  every  private 
bathroom. 

Scale  is  ordinarily  finished  black,  with  bronze 
ornamentation,  but  is  also  furnished  in  light  colors, 
elaborately  ornamented,  with  nickel-plated    beam 
Scale  is  furnished  with  or  without  measuring  rod 
as  desired.    Write  for  prices. 

GURNEY  SCALE  CO. 

HAMILTON,  ONT. 

When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


XXX 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Sept.,  1916 


LIABILITY  of 


PHYSICIANS,  SURGEONS,  DENTISTS 
and  DRUGGISTS 

LIABILITY  on  account  of 

Automobile  Accidents 

involving    injury    to    PERSONS    or    PROPERTY    (including    Owner's) 

INSURANCE   for   LOSS   OF   INCOME 
by  reason  of  ACCIDENT  and  SICKNESS 


UNDERTAKEN    BY 


The  General  Accident  Assurance  Company  of  Canada 

Continental  Life  Building,  Toronto,  Ontario 
Represented  in  all  important  parts  of  Canada.  Enquiries  respectfully  solicited 

JOHN  J.  DURANCE,  Manager 


The  Thomson  Monument  Co.,  Limited 


862  DUPONT  STREET,  TORONTO 


PHONE  HILL.  3039 


Individual 

Designs 

Cheerfully 

Submitted 


When   writing  advertisers,    please  mention   Tlio   Hospital   World. 


Sept.,  lUlG 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


XXXI 


THE  BRANSTON  VIOLET  RAY  HIGH 

FREQUENCY    GENERATOR    Made  in  Canada 


Model  6.  Operates  on  the  Electric 
Lighting  Current. 


A  Portable  High  Frequency  Outfit 
Extremely  Compact  and  of  High  Efficiency 

Our  Model  6  Generator  is  particularlv  well  designed 
for  the  physician  desiring  a  portable  High  Frequency 
Coil  giving  a  range  of  High  Frequency  suitable  for 
all  forms  of  treatment. 

The  coils  and  condenser  are  wound  to  give  a  current 
of  exceedingly  high  voltage  and  oscillation  and  at 
the  same  time  generate  sufficient  heat.  It  gives 
about  two  million  oscillations  or  vibrations  per 
second.  The  connecting  cords  and  insulated  handle 
are  sparkless.  It  jan  be  regulated  to  give  any  strength 
of  current  desired  and  is  built  to  last  for  years.  The 
coils  are  impregnated  by  a  special  vacuum  process 
which  makes  a  burnout  practically  impossible. 

It  is  mounted  in  a  leather  covered  velvet  lined  case 
8  X  12  X  6  inches.  Ample  space  is  provided  for  ten 
electrodes,  handle,  conducting  cords,  etc. 

Full  descriptive  catalogue  and  prices  showing  our 
complete  line  of  machines  and  electrodes. 

Manufacturtd  by 

CHAS.  A.  BRANSTON  CO. 

Offices  and  Factory  :  359  Yonge  Street 
Phone  Main  1212 

Canadian  Representatives  for  the  Celebrated 
White  Cross  Vibrators  and  Eiectric  Specialties 


INVALID  STOUT 

For  Weak  Folks 


BQE10BXRENGTHENING 

nourishing  qualities,  com- 
bine  d  with  a  really 
EiGiHtgH  acceptable  flavor,  make 
Dominion  Brewery's  Invalid  Stout 
the  ideal  beverage  for  convales- 
cents and  bilious  people.  It  is 
digestible  and  non-gassy. 

Order  at  any  of  the  dealers 

Dominion  Brewery  Co., 


LIMITED 


TORONTO 


When   writing  advertisers,   please   mention   The   Hospital    World. 


XXXll 


THE  HOSPETAL  WORLD 


Sept.,  1916 


GLYCO-THYMOLINE 


IS  INDICATED  IN 

Catarrhal 
Conditions 

of  mucous  me  m- 
branes  in  all  parts  of 
the  body  —  maintains 
Asepsis  without  irri- 
tation—  reduces  con- 
gestion and  by  stimu- 
lating the  capillaries 
to  increased  activity 
restores  normality. 


Perfect  Mouth  Wash 


For  Daily  Use 

Keeps  the  mouth  Alkaline  as 
nature  intended  it  should  be. 
Stops  the  formation  of  lactic  acid 
and  prevents  dental  decay. 

LITERATURE  ON  REQUEST 

KRESS    &   OWEN  CO. 

361-363  Pearl  St.       •.•       New  York 


When   writing  advertisers,   please   mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XP  A  YAND  HIGH  FREQUENCY 


APPARATUS 


iician 
Hospital 


Interrupt  erless 
X«Ray  Transformer 


MEDAL  OF  HONOR 

Panama  Pacific  International 
Exposition 

San  Francisco         -         1915 


Model  "E" 
Portable  X-Ray 
and  High  Fre- 
quency Coil 


Highest  Award  to  X-Ra^  and  High  Frequency  Apparatus 

CAMPBELL  ELECTRIC  COMPANY,  Lynn,  Mass. 

Sales  Agencies — Principal  Cities 


HOSPITAL  EFFICIENCY 


''^  Heating  and  Ventilating  cannot  be 

made  an  entire  success  in  the  Hospital 
unless  the  efficient  "/Cci7A/%an"is  used. 

This  Fan  is  made  to  meet  the 
severest  requirements  of  operation, 
producing  a  constant  temperature  and 
varied  air  volume  according  to  your 
needs.  It  is  built  and  constructed  under 
the  latest  and  most  approved  plan  and 
in  addition  commends  itself  to  the 
\  economical  on  account  of  its  service 
and  durability. 

See  OUT  new  Catalogue  No.  55. 

Sheldons  Limited,  Gait,  Ont. 

TORONTO  OFFICE,  609  KENT  BUILDING 
AGENTS  : 
Measri.  Ro»s  &  Greie.  412  St.  James  St.,  Montreal.  Que. 
Mestr*.  Walkers  Ltd.,  261  Stanley  St.,  Winnipeg,  Man. 

Meairs.  Gorman,  Clancey  &  Grindley  Ltd.,  Calgary  and  Edmonton,  Alta. 
Mcaara.  Robt    Hamilton  &  Co  ,  Ltd.,  Vancourer    B.C.,  (Bank  of  Ottawa  Bldg.) 


ECONOMY  IN  YOUR 


X-RAY  WORK 


EVERY  good  hospital  manager  is  interested  in  improving  the  standing  of  the 
X-Ray  Department,  and  thereby  the  standing  of  the  hospital,  through  the 
better  diagnosis  possible   on  important  cases.      Our  new  MILLIAMPERE 
SECOND     TECHNIQUE    is    the    greatest    advance    in    Radiography    in    years. 
Thoroughly  tested  by  well-known  men  for  months,  it  eliminates  guesswork  entirely. 
INSURES  ECONOMY.       Novice  or  expert  can  make  every  plate  a  valuable 
diagnostic  one.      NO   DUPLICATES  NECESSARY. 
This  means  money  saved  to  your  institution. 

Being  based  on  known  laws  of  the  chemical  effect  of  X-Rays,  one  milliampere 
second  exposure  producing  a  definite  chemical  change  in  a  Paragon  X-Ray  plate, 
proper  exposures  can  be  determined  in  advance,  and  the  highest  grade  of  radi- 
ography produced  with  any  type  of  apparatus. 

No  excuse  for  failures  or  poor  work  now,  if  PARAGON  TECHNIQUE 
is  used. 

Now  ready  for  free  distribution  to  all  radiographers. 

Send  your  radiographer's  name  for  a 
free  copy,  and  see  that  it  is  followed. 
Why  not  have  the  best  work  ? 

Make  the  other  fellow  try  to  produce 
work  equal  to  that  done  at  your  hospital. 


^«\\ii«iiiiiw/tew//^^^ 


X-  R  A^ 


Geo.  W.  Brady  &  Co, 

y     773  S.  Western  Avenue,  Chicago,  111. 


stock  carried  by  INGRAM  &  BELL,  Limited,  Toronto 


PHILLIPS'  MILK  OF  MAGNESIA 

"  The  Perfect  Antacid'' 

For    Correcting    Hyperacid    Conditions — Local    or    Systemic.       Vehicle    for    Salicylate!, 

Iodides,  Balsams,   Etc. 

Of  Advantage   in   Neutralixing  the   Acid   of  Cows'  Milk   for   Infant  and  Invalid   Feeding. 


Phillips'  Phospho-Muriate 
of  Quinine  compound 

Non-Alcoholic   Tonic  and  Reconstructive 

^Vitll   Marked  Beneficial  Action  upon  the  Nervous  System.     To  he  relied  upon  ^vhere 

a   deficiency   of   the   Phosphates   is   evident. 

THE  CHAS.  //.  PHILLIPS  CHEMICAL  CO. 

LONDON     •     NEW  YORK 

Canadian    Repreientatives  :    The  ^Vingate    Chemical   Co.,  Ltd.,    545    Notre    Dame    ^V., 
Montreal,  who  will  he  pleased  to  send  samples  upon  request. 


'iiFijF  wuumi  wryan  m  m}t  viiauaotati  t^nspttal  AHHnrtattDtt 


!   PER  i< 


.'^-^^^ 


AMMUI^f) 


THE 


.:•«:•/  / 


HOSPITAL  WORLD 


504- 

PF.P 
COPY 


/r 


ifi  _ 


Vol.  X  (XXI)  Toronto,  October,  1916 


No.  4 


CONTENTS 


Z:i>ITORIAI.S. 

Page 

Resuscitation   Apparatus    97 

And   tiien.    What?    100 

ORIGINAI.    CONTRIBUTIONS. 

Anti-Typhoid  Inoculation  in  Sold- 
iei-s.  By  George  D.  Porter,  M.D., 
Captain  A.M.C 102 

Preparation  of  a  Patient  for  an 
Anesthetic.  By  ;R.  J.  Macmillan, 
M.D.,  Toronto 104 

Si:i.i:CTED    ARTICIiES. 

Regarding  Diets  for  Patients 107 

Geography   of  Medical   Greatness    .  .    109 
The    Abuse    of    the    Free   Dispensary 
Privilege.       By    Edwin    B.    Miller, 
M.D 112 


CANADIAN  HOSPITALS. 

Xo.    4    General    Hospital    ....  us 

Opening  of  the  New  Reception  Hos- 
pital,   Brockville    120 

The  Princess  Patricia  Canadian  Red 
Cr   ss    Convalescent    Hospital 126 

The  Hospitals  Commission  require 
Further   Sanataria    126 

Hospital  Items    127 

BOOK     REVIEWS. 

Physiological  Economy  in  Nutri- 
tion, with  Special  iReference  to 
the  Minimal  Proteid  Requirement 
of  the  Health.-  Man.  An  Experi- 
mental    Study     j9,s 


j^H 


^rn 


•rr^r 


»s?r—^?2 


Fellows^  Compound  S5nrup 
of  Hypophosphites 

1866-1916 

Not  a  new-born  prodigy  or  an  untried 
experiment,  but  a  remedy  whose  useful- 
ness has  been  fully  demonstrated  during 
half  a  century  of  clinical  application. 

For  50  Years  The  Standard 

I>    Syr.  Hypophos.  Comp.  FELLOWS' 

->      .         ^  ^  Cheap   and    Inefficient   Substitutes 
^S  "reparations     Just   as   t»ooa 


"■^*^:? 


fKiXOf «0»'«<l«— Vl">»-    f---, 


"tered  according  to  Act  of  the  Parliament  of  Canada,  in  the  year  one  thousand  nine  hundred  and  twelve, 
by  the  Publishers  ajt  the  Department  of  Agriculture.     All  rights  reserved. 


LISTERINE 


the  well-proven  and  time-tried  antiseptic  solution,  has  been  prescribed  by  the 
Medical  Profession  with  very  satisfactory  results  for  35  years  in  the  treat- 
ment of  Respiratory  Diseases  incident  to  Fall  and  Winter  climatic  conditions. 


LISTERINE 


one  part,  hot  water  three  parts,  is  a  useful  gargle  for  sore  throat.  In 
mucous  catarrhs,  Listerine,  suitably  diluted,  is  most  effectively  applied  by 
means  of  the  spray  apparatus  or  douche. 


LISTERINE 


is  not  only  a  vehicle  for  specially  indicated  alteratives,  resolvents  and 
astringents,  but  is  itself  an  efficient,  non-irritating  antiseptic  that  is  safe, 
pleasing  to  the  taste  and  promptly  effective. 

A  treatise  on    Respiratory   Diseases  will    be    forwarded    members    of    the   medical 
profession  on  request. 

LAMBERT  PHARMACAL  COMPANY 

TWENTY- FIRST   AND  LOCUST  STREETS,  ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 
66  GERRARD  STREET  E.,  TORONTO 


Is  jour  estate  properly 
protected? 

No  matter  how  little  or  how  much  you  own,  these 
possessions  make  up  your  estate,  and  should  be  pro- 
tected  by  efficient  and  economical  management. 

This  can  best  be  done  by  an  Executor  or  Trustee. 
This  Company,  by  acting  in  this  capacity,  will  give 
your  estate  the  benefit  of  experience  gained  in  the 
management  of  many  estates,  of  large  and  of  only 
moderate  size,  and  will  scrupulously  guard  the  in- 
terests of  your  heirs. 

No  charge  for  drawing  up  your  will  when  the  Sterling 

Trusts   Corporation   is  appointed   your   executor   and 

trustee. 

Our    officers    will    give    you    further    information    on 

request. 

Sterling  Trusts 


^  ^  eSIOEN  T 

'.  S    OINNIICK 


ION 


60  KING  ST. EAST 


MANACINe-OIRCCTOR 
HERBERT  WADDINGTON 

^^•!r^a77?^=  TO  RONTOy 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


Ether  for  Anaesthesia 

HARTZ 

AN  ETHER  SPECIALLY  PREPARED 
AND  PURIFIED  FOR  ANAESTHESIA 

By  a  new  process  invented  by 
PROF.  G.  MICHAELIS 


This  new  process  enables  us  to  place  with  the 
Profession  an  Ether  far  superior  to  any  Ether  hereto- 
fore sold.  By  it,  impurities,  which  have  up  to  the 
present  been  found  in  small  quantities  in  the  best 
ethers,  have  been  entirely  eliminated. 

A  SIMPLE  TEST  MAY  BE  APPLIED  TO 
PROVE  THE  SUPERIORITY  OF  OUR  ETHER 

If  10-CC  of  our  Ether  be  shaken  with  1-CC  of  Nessler's 
reagent,  the  reagent  will  not  show  more  than  a  faint 
opalescence  ;  while  if  the  same  test  is  applied  to  other 
ethers  the  reagent  will  at  once  turn  dark,  due  to  the 
impurities  which  they  contain. 

We  Guarantee  the  Quality  of  Our  Ether 
and  Solicit   Your   Trial  Order 

SPECIAL   HOSPITAL  PRICES  FOR  QUANTITY 

THE  J.  F.  HARTZ  CO.,  LTD. 

Physicians'  and  Hospital  Supplies 

TORONTO  CANADA 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  Tlie  Hospital  World. 


n 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Oct.,  1916 


CALYDOR    SANATORIUM    ON    LAKE    MUSKOKA 

Dr.  C.  D.  PARFITT,  Medical  Director. 


""'^^^^^^  -^^^^SSi   '     ^^^^9BiB^^'..^^^HliHi^^H^P^ 


A  new  and  especially  constructed  sanatorium  for  the  treatment  of  tuberculosis  in  a  climate 
that  is  fine,  sunny  and  invigorating  both  summer  and  winter.  With  the  facilities  afforded 
the  out-of-door  life  in  winter  will  be  found  entirely  agreeable  as  well  as  highly  beneficial. 

Accommodation  for  twenty-one  patients.  Convenience  and  comfort  most  carefully 
studied.  Every  room  has  private  sleeping  porch  to  which  bed  may  be  readily  rolled  through 
French  windows.  Several  pairs  of  rooms  en  suite,  with  bath.  Elevator.  Excellent  heatine 
sy.stem. 

Efficient   nursing    service.      Thoroughly   modern  laboratory  and  X-ray  room. 

Particular  attention  given  laryngeal  cases.  Collapse  of  the  lung,  tuberculin  and 
specially    prepared    vaccines    used    when    indicated. 

Moderate  Rates.  Dr.  D.  W.  Crombie,  Resident.  Physician. 

Tor  information  address:  Calydor  Sanatorium  Iiimited,  G-ravenhnrst,  Ontario,  Canada. 


^ 
t 


>'^vS"5^>l'^CV^.'^-?'T'^^X'-?P?^;H?^^-^^>.^-;i^^^^^ 


DESCRIPTIO.N  OF  DOLL.— Over  5  feet  t.Tll,  maHc  of  finely  woven 
gtocUinct.  Is  durable,  waterproof  and  sanitary.  Has  copper  Reservoir 
which  has  three  tubes  leading  into  it,  correspcn-Jine  in  lopation  and 
ligf  to  the  urethra,  vaginal  and  rectal  passages. 


The  Chase  Hospital  Doll 

For  Use  in  Training  Schools 

Adult  size,  also  infant  models,  2,  4 
and  12  months,  and  4-year-old  sizes. 

Chase  dolls  are  well  made  of  cloth, 
jointed,  and  painted  with  waterproof 
paint,  with  internal  reservoirs. 

The  Value 

of  this  substitute  of  a  living  model  is 
found  in  the  many  practical  lessons 
which  can  be  taught  in  the  class  room, 
such  as  handling  of  patients,  admin- 
istering enema,  douching,  probing  in 
the  ear  and  nose  cavities — in  short, 
the  complete  care  of  the  patient. 


We  make  dolls  with- 
out reservoir  if  desired. 
Send  for  illustrated 
booklet 
particulars 


giving     full 


M.  J.  CHASE 

22  Park  Place,  Pawtucket,  R.I, 


Oct.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


111 


The  Medical  Profession 

Endorses  the  Wonderful 

Properties  of 


"THERMOGENE' 


8  Million  Packets  Sold  in  1914 


NOW    BEING  USED  BY  THE  RED  CROSS  SOCIETY  IN  BELGIUM. 

For  the  alleviation  of  pain  and  the  effecting  of  a  speedy  and  certain  cure  in  all  cases 
of  Rheumatism,  Bronchitis,  Lumbago,  Colds  on  the  Chest,  Sprains,  etc.,  etc., 
THERMOGENE  is  wonderfully  efficacious. 

THERMOGENE  is  a  curative  absorbent,  scientifically  medicated  and  prepared,  thus 
rendering  it  warming,  curative  and  pain-dispelling  in  its  effect. 

Ready  for  instant  application,  does  not  blister  and  can  be  wo'-n  day  or  night  without 
the  slightest  discomfort. 

THERMOGENE  has  the  endorsement  of  the  highest  medical  authorities.  A  Free 
Package  will  be  sent  to  any  Doctor  on  request. 

THE  THERMOGENE  CO.,  LTD.,  Hayward's  Heath,  London,  Eng. 

Canadian  Agents  :  HAROLD  F.  RITCHIE  &  CO.,  TORONTO 


ELECTRIC   CENTRIFUGES 
INTERNATIONAL    INSTRUMENT    COMPANY 

Are  used  in  the  Laboratories  of  the  Leading 

Hospitals   of   Canada   and   the   United   States 

23  Church  St.  Cambridge,    Mass. 

Send  for  Catalog  Ca. 


Kieldahl 
Stills 


Bottle 
Shakers 


Minot 
Rotary 


Pa 

Mi 


raffin 
crotomes 


Electrically  Lighted 
Surgical  Instruments 


Modern  General  Diagnos.Tic  Outfit 

This  Outfit  now  weichs  but  4 '2  pounds,  and  measures 
3/^  X  7  X  15  inclies,  making  it  very  convpnient  to  carry.  The 
instruments  arc  equipped  with  tungsten  lamps. 

Price  :  Case  with  battery  and  instruments,  complete, 
$40.00. 

The  more  brilliant  illumination  and  lower  temperature 
of  the  tunestcn  lamps  with  which  Ihcy  are  now  equipped, 
have  greatly  increased  the  usefulness  of  E.  S.  I.  Co.  instru- 
ments, such  as 

Jackson  Bronchoscopes  and  Laryngeal  Specula 

Holmes  Nasopharynfoscopes 

Tuttle  and  Lynch  Procto-Sigmoidoscopos 

Braasch  Cystoscopes 

Koch,  Swinburne  and  Young  Urethroscopes,  etc. 

Eighth  Edition  of  our  Catalogue  upon  request. 

ELEQTIIQ  $URGICAUNSTRUMENT  CO., Rochester,  N.Y 


IV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


Oct.,  1916 


INVALID  STOUT 

For  Weak  Folks 


BQQQgTRENGTHENING  and 
nourishing  qualities,  com- 
bine  d  with  a  really 
HGiHQE  acceptable  flavor,  make 
Dominion  Brewery's  Invalid  Stout 
the  ideal  beverage  for  convales- 
cents and  bilious  people.  It  is 
digestible  and  non-gassy. 

Order  at  any  of  the  dealers 

Dominion  Brewery  Co,, 

LIMITED  -  -  TORONTO 


.•iiiiiiiiiiiniMiiiiitiiniiiniiiitiintiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiUMiiitiitiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiililliii^ 


I  No.  106. 

1     Strong,  substantial,  heavily  silver- 
I  plated,  highly  polished. 

?  .iiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiii 


PHYSICIANS  KNOW 


that  the  days  of  tin-  common  Drinking  Cup  are  passed 
and  gone.  One  of  the  marked  advances  in  Sanitation 
during  tiie  past  year  or  two  is  the  introduction  of  the 
Single  Service  Sanitary  Drinking  Cup  as  a  guarantee 
against  infection  from  many  types  of  Communicable 
Disease,  Not  only  Members  of  trie  Profession,  but 
all  Public  Institutions,  including  Hospitals,  should 
acquaint  themselves  with  the  merits  of 

The  Vortex  System 

which  dispenses  entirely  with  the  washing  and  steriliz- 
ing of  Glasses  and  Chinaware.  The  VORTEX  SYSTEM 
is  unquestionably  the  most  Sanitary  in  exis*encc  and  has 
already  the  endorsement  of  a  large  number  of  Health 
Authorities.  It  may  be  said  without  fear  of  contradic- 
tion that  it  meets  the  requirements  of  all  Sanitary  Laws 
in  reference  to  the  PREVENTION  of  THE  SPREAD 
OF  DISEASE. 

The  cups  are  made  of  pure  white  rice  paper,  paraf- 
fined, and  the  initial  cost  is  trifling.  Once  installed  in 
an  institution,  the  System  will  never  be  substituted. 
The  cups  arc  made  for  either  hot  or  cold  drinks  and 
once  used  arc  immediately  discarded. 

You  arc  asked  to  write  for  particulars. 

Canadian 
Wm.  A.  Rogers  Limited 

570  King  Street  West     -     -    Toronto 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World, 


.Oet.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  \¥OELD 


Hospital 

Superintendents 

Know 

that  nothing  is  so  detrimental  to  the 
health  of  patients  as  the  lack  of  the 
normal  percentage  of  moisture  in  the 
air  they  breathe.  How  often  it  has  been 
demonstrated  beyond  question  that  the 
moment  the  air  of  the  sleeping  room 
becomes  too  dry,  just  so  soon  will  the 
inmate  of  that  room  sufTer  from  sore 
throat,  headache,  sleeplessness  and  gen- 
eral malaise,  3"  condition  that  is  at  once 
changed  on  returning  to  normal  con- 
ditions. The  attention  of  Hospitals,  therefore,  is 
particularly  called  to 

The  Radiator  Humidifying  Pan 


(OKMSBY   PATENT) 


This  is  a  strongly  made  metal  device  so 
shaped  that  it  snugly  fits  any  standard 
steam  or  hot  water  radiator,  out  of  sight, 
between  the  radiator  and  the  wall.  This 
pan  is  filled  with  water,  which  evaporates 
very  rapidly,  converting  the  air  of  the 
room  or  corridor  into  moist,  wholesome, 
healthful  atmosphere  that  Nature's  good 
health  demands.  This  is  the  very  thing 
needed  in  all  Institutions,  not  only  Hos- 
pitals, but  Asylums,  Sanatoria,  and 
Public  Charitable  Institutions  asj  well. 
One  Radiator  Humidifying  Pan  to  each 
steam  or  hot  water  Radiator  gives  ample 
humidity  to  any  room. 

The  first  cost  is  the  only  cost,  ami  they 
will  last  a  lifetime. 

$1.50  each. 

Superintendents  shoukl  at  once  look  into 
the  merits  of  this  device.   Full  particular 
can  be  ootained  from 

Wilson  Specialties 

33  Melinda  Street,  Toronto 

Manchester  Building: 
Phone  Adelaide  3089 

Many    Insurance     Companies,    Banks, 

and   other   Institutions   have    iiistalled 

these  Radiator  Humidifying:  Pans. 


When  writing  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital  World, 


VI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


Oct.,  1916 


9> 


CATALOGUE  "C 

^^jll       write:  for  it,^ 
FDi^pOMESOR  HOSPITALS 

^OR  CARRYING  PATIENTS  UP  OR  DOWN  STAIRS, 

" "'      CAN  ALSO  BE  USED  ON  THE  LEVEL 

BY  DETACHING  CARRYING  BARS, 
^       MAKES  A  FIRST  CLASS 

LIBRARY  VERANDAH 
ORSMOKINGROOMCHAIR. 

THE  n 

Gendron 

MFG.  CO. 

LIMITED 


,ria3a- 


COWAN'S  COCOA 

IS   ABSOLUTELY   PURE 


As  a  sick-room  beverage 
Cowan's  Cocoa  is  highly 
recommended  on  account 
of  its  high  quality  and 
absolute  purity.  It  is  made 
of  the  best  selected  cocoa 
beans,  scientifically  blend- 
ed, and  contains  no  for- 
eign elements.  And  it  is 
prepared  in  a  large  modern 
factory  where  the  most 
sanitary  conditions  are 
maintained. 


THE  COWAN  CO.,  LIMITED 

TORONTO 


RESULTS 


"^TOTHING  but  a  successful  plate  will  produce 
successful  "first  time"  results.  That  is  what  the 
Roentgenologist  must  have  in  order  to  properly  diagnose 
the  case.  Seed  X-Ray  Plates  are  dependable,  rapid  and 
accurate,  and  give  "  first  time  "  results. 

For  sale    by  all  supply  houses. 
Pamphlet    by   mail   on    request. 

CANADIAN    KODAK    CO. 

LIMITED 
TORONTO 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   Tlie   Hospital   World. 


Oct.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


vu 


Attention  of  Canadian  Hospitals 


We  are 
manufactur- 
ers of  Metal 
Hospital 
Furniture 
of  all  kinds. 

Wheel 
Apparatuses 

Cabinets 
Screens,  etc. 


No  matter 
how  small 
your  re- 
quirements, 
let  us  have  a 
chance  to 
give  you  a 
price. 


CANADA  FIRST 


THE  METAL  CRAFT  CO, 

GRIMSBY,  ONTARIO,  CANADA 


SEND  your  Christmas 
parcels  for  overseas 
early  this  year — there'll 
be  a  rush  later. 

To  give  a  lot  of  pleasure, 
include 

Adams' 

Tutti  Frutti 

Gum 

A  box  holds  five  different 
flavors,  securely  v^rapped. 
This  is  good  to  remember 
and  to  suggest  to  your  friends. 


PHYSICIANS    PREFER 


GLOSS 


w 


FLAT 
WHITE    ENAMEL 

SANITARY 

WASHABLE 

■ DUSTPROOF 


ARTISTIC 

Will  Not   Turn  Yellow 

Elastica  '^'^^  Perfect  Floor  Finish 

—  Send    for    Sample  Paper 


TORONTO 


ONTARIO 


When   vv 


riting  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


vm 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


Oct.,  1916 


EYE  SPECIALISTS,  PLEASE  NOTE 

The  "Rigo"  Eye  Pipette 


has  a  round  point  that 
can  be  injected  under 
the  eyelids  without 
injuring  the  eye. 

Better  prescribe  this 
article  for  t/our  patient, 
not  leave  it  for  them  to 
buy  the  ordinary  medi- 
cine dropper. 

Most  druggists  have 
them;  all  can  procure 
them  from  us. 

Each  Pipette  in  a  slide  box, 
retails  for  10  cents. 

Write  us  for  a  sample. 

The  Richards  Glass  Co.,  Ltd. 

265  Adelaide  St.  W.,  Toronto 


A  Strictly 
Sanitary  Laundry 

Two  of  our  strong  points  are: 

1st.  We  will  not  accept  laundry 
from  any  place  where  there 
is  contagious  disease. 

2nd.  Our  prompt  delivery. 

Ever  go  to  dress  and  find 
that  CLEAN  LINEN  you 
counted    on    hadn't    come  ? 

No  trouble  like  that  with 
the  Yorkville  Laundry 
Prompt  delivery  is  an  ab- 
solute     rule     vv^ith     us. 

Yorkville  Laundry 

45  Elm  St.,  Toronto       Phone  M.  1589 


Members  of 

THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION 

desirous  of  getting  rid  of  the  worry  of  book- 
keeping and  who  have  not  had  the  time  to  give 
the  attention  necessary  for  the  successful  collec- 
tion   of    their    accounts,    should    call    upon 

H.  R.  Heyes  &  Company 

59  YONGE  ST.,  TORONTO 

Messrs.  Heyes  &  Co.  are  prepared  to  attend  to  all  such 
details,  not  only  the  actual  collection  of  the  accounts  ;  but, 
through  a  special  system  of  their  own,  attend  to  all  book-keeping 
and  records,  mailing  of  monthly  statements,  etc.,  etc. 

The  firm  will  be  very  glad  to  hear  from  physicians,  and,  on 
receipt  of  a  post  card  or  phone  message,  will  call  upon  the  Doctor 
at  his  office  at  any  convenient  hour. 

The  Telephone  No.  is  "M.  4962" 


When  writing-  advertisers,  please  mentioH  Thie  Hospital  World. 


Oct.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


IX 


A  Reliable  Disinfectant 

Piatt  s  Cnloriaes  has  a  record  oi 
over  tKirty-six  years,  and  Kas  tKe 
endorsement  or  tlie  medical  pro- 
fession. 

A  powerful  disinfectant  and  de- 
odorant -wnicn  destroys  germs  and 
Dad  odors. 

Is  absolutely  Odorless  and  does 
not  cover   one    odor  witn  anotker. 

ddgrides 

TtlG      OflOT'lGSS 

Two  Sizes — 25c.  and  50c. 

Sold  everywKere. 

Write  for  booklet  to  the  manufacturer 

HENRY  B.  PLATT,  51  Cliff  St. 

NEW  YORK  CITY 


A  Practical  Prescription 


Hours : 
k°g'f^-       '°^'""-<^te  Avenue 


<^ONCENTRATEl> 

SITING  /ikwArt^ 


-^ 


tl^-Tl^ 


^.A 


Samples,  clinical  data  and 
literature  sent  on  request. 


PLUTO 

Bottled  by  the  FRENCH  LICK  SPRINGS 
HOTEL  CO.,  French  Lick,  Indiana 


LIABILITY  of 


PHYSICIANS,  SURGEONS,  DENTISTS 
and  DRUGGISTS 

LIABILITY  on  account  of 

Automobile  Accidents 

involving   injury    to    PERSONS    or    PROPERTY    (including    Owner's) 

INSURANCE   for   LOSS   OF   INCOME 
by  reason  of  ACCIDENT  and  SICKNESS 


UNDERTAKEN    BY 

The  General  Accident  Assurance  Company  of  Canada 

Continental  Life  Building,  Toronto,  Ontario 
Represented  in  all  important  parts  of  Canada.  Enquiries  respectfully  solicited 

JOHN  J.  DURANCE,  Manager 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Oct.,  1916 


fT/-^c;r>T'T' A  r       Trr^TTTP\TTr"M'T       The  New  General  Hospital  of  Montreal,  and  scores 
f^^"^^r^  ^  ^^*--'     r:/V>Jir  iVJ^i-^i^  J^        of    other    Canadian    Hospitals,    are    equipped    with 

'  Alaska  "  Beds  and 

OSTERMOOR    MATTRESSES 

They  last  a  lifetime,  and  are  absolutely  satisfactory.     More  sanitary  than  hair — for  less  money. 


THE  ALASKA  FEATHER  AND  DOWK  CO..  Limited 


Montreal  and  Winnipeg 


GERMICIDAL  SOAP 

For  Hospital  use,  the  Soap  par  excellence. 

For  preparing  antiseptic  solutions  (no  weighing,    measuring 

or  waste). 
For  sterilizing  hands,  instruments  and  site  of  operation. 
For  cleansing  w^ounds  (bruises,  abrasions,  ulcers,  etc.). 
For  disinfecting  surface  lesions. 

For  lubricating  sounds  and  specula.     It  does  not  affect  nickel 
or  steel  instruments,  but  acts  on  silver  or  aluminum. 

Germicidal  Soap  lends  itself  to  a  hundred  uses  in  the  Hospital, 
Our  word  and  reputation  are  back  of  its  worth. 

Sample  reith  descriptive  literature  sent  on  request. 

PARKE,   DAVIS   C8>   CO. 

WALKERVILLE  ONTARIO 

Eastern  Depot — 118  St.  Paul  Street  W.,  Montreal,   Quebec. 


When   writing   advertisers,    please   mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Oct.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


XI 


rj  Seal 
'^Bravd 

Coffee 


Recognized  in  all 
professions  and 
-walks  of  life,  as 
the  leading  coffee 
in  the  best  grocery 
stores   of   Canada* 


In  K»  1  and  2  pound  cans. 
Whole  —  ground  —  pulverized  — 
also  Fine  Ground  for  Percolators. 


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162 


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^m 


For  your  comfort 
and  your  health's 
sake- -always  use 

UFEIUOY 


HEALTHY 

iOAP 

Its  velvety  lather  is 
a  wonderful  cleanser, 
while  it  soothes  and 
softens  the  skin.  Its 
mild  carbolic  solution 
means  no  germs.  The 
odor  is  there,  of  course, 
but  it  vanishes  quickly 
after  use.  Lifebuoy  is 
the  soap  of  all  soaps  for 
the  toilet  and  the  bath, 
because  of  its  health- 
preserving  qualities. 

Grocers  Sell 

LIFEBUOY 
HEALTHY    SOAP 


When  writing  advertisers,   please   niLiiliuu   The   Hospital    W'urlJ. 


xii  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 


To  Lysol  Buyers 


THE  attention  of  the  Hospitals  is  respectfullj^ 
called  to  this  FACT,  that  when  in  need 
of  the  above  they  can  procure  an  article 
identical  to  Lysol,  under  the  name  of  "  Solyol," 
which  is  manufactured  in  Canada  and  is  guaranteed 
by  Bacteriological  and  all  other  tests  to  be  identical 
to   Lysol. 

They  also  manufacture  Polusterine,  the  only  non-poisonous 
disinfectant  on  the  market  with  the  same  Rydal  Walker  co- 
efficient as  the  above.  This  is  a  medicinal  article  prepared 
from  the  essential  oil  of  the  pine  (Pinus  Palustris)  with 
Eucalyptol,  Oil  of  Thyme,  etc.;  is  miscible  in  water  to  any 
strength  desired  and  has  the  pleasant  odor  of  the  pine.  Will 
dry  up  Poison  Ivy  and  Scaly  Eczema  in  from  four  to  eight 
days.  Contains  neither  Soap  nor  Rosin.  Ideal  for  bathing 
patients  recovering  from  contagious  diseases. 

SAMPLES  AND  LITERATURE  WILL  CHEERFULLY 
BE    FURNISHED    ON    APPLICATION    TO  THE 

POLUSTERINE   PRODUCTS  CO.  OF  CANADA 

Toronto,  Ont. 


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Uniform  Contractors  to  the  Dominion  and  Imperial  Governments. 

When  Enquiring  be  sure  to  Specify  what  you  are  Particularly  Interested  in. 

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Oct.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Xlll 


La  Deesse 
Corsets 

Excel  in  Style 

Comfort 

Satisfaction 


Try  them  and  be 
convinced. 


GASTROGEM 

TABLETS 

Correct 

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rhysicians  Scale, 

Sample  On  Kequest 

Designed  especially  for  use  in  Hospitals, 

in  offices    of   physicians.     Something  that  is 

essential    in    connection    with   every   private  Bristol' Myers  Co. 

bathroom. 

_     ,     .         ,.       .,     ^    .  L    J  ,.1     1        -.u  u  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Scale  IS  ordinarily  finished  black,  with  bronze  ' 

ornamentation,  but  is  also  furnished  in  lierht  colors, 

elaborately  ornamented,  with  nickel-plated    beam 

Scale  is  furnished  with  or  without  measuring  rod 

as  desired.    Write  for  prices. 

GURNEY  SCALE  CO. 

HAMILTON,  ONT. 

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xiv  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  Oct.,  1916 


T^OCTOR : — In  this  age  the  critical  and  progressive 
-*-^  Doctor  has  a  keen  appreciation  for  that  which  is 
giving  quick  results. 

JAMUN  COMPOUND  IN  DIABETES 

IS    SPECIFIC    IN    ACTION 

A  modern  product,  strictly  ethical.  Literature  will 
be  sent  to  members  of  the  Medical  Profession  upon 
application. 

The  National  Drug  and  Chemical  Company  are 
the  wholesale  distributing  agents  for  Canada. 

THE    JAMUN    COMPANY 
343-344  Loeb  Arcade,        -       -        Minneapolis,  Minn. 


Cut  Flowers  for  the  Sick  Room 


THERE  is  a  feeling  abroad  that  physicians  are  sometimes  apt  to  pay 
less  attention  than  they  should  to  the  aesthetic  side  of  their  profes- 
sion. Can  there  be  any  question  as  to  the  added  comfort  to  the  patient, 
during  the  weary  days  of  convalescence,  of  the  fragrance  of  Nature's  most 
beautiful  products  in  the  form  of  Roses,  Carnations,  and  other  cut  flowers  ? 

May  I  ask  Physicians  to  note  that  /  make  a  specialty  of  cut  flowers  of 
almost  any  kind. 

Particular  attention  is  called  to  my  three-year-old  Rose  Plants,  ready 
for  planting,  and  which  I  will  deliver  at  $1.50  per  dozen.  They  are 
Hybrid  Teas,  and  will  bloom  all  summer  long. 

Special  prices  quoted  to  Hospitals  and  Doctors 

W.  J.  Lawrence 

152  Roselawn  Avenue  -  -  -  Toronto 

Phone  North  2221 

When  writing  aclvertisejs,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World, 


Oct.,  1916 


THE   HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XV 


Ingram 

& 

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LIMITED 

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ospital  Supplies 

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COMPRESSED  TABLETS 

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FULL  LINE  OF  DRUGS 

A  postal  requesting  quotations  will  receive 
immediate  attention. 

Physicians  know  that 

Hardwood  Floors  are 
Sanitary 

When  consulted  on  the  sub- 
ject, medical  men  will  be  acting 
in  their  own  interests  and  those 
of  their  patients  in  stating  that 
the  best  and  the  cheapest  hard- 
wood floors  in  Toronto  are  laid 
by 

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Remember  the   Name— WAYDO 


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New  York 


XVI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Oct.,  1916 


WHEN  ORDERING 

Hospital  Sheeting 
Hot  Water  Bottles 
Rubber  Tubing 
Surgeon's 

Bandages 
Umbilical  Belts 

SPECIFY  OUR  BRANDS 

We  are    the    only  Makers    of  these    Goods  lin    Canada 

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Vaginal  Douches 

Urinals 

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Urotropin,  Piperazine,  Benzo-Citrate  of  Lithia 

The  continual  increasing  demand  demonstrates  the 
results  Physicians  derive  from  the  use  of  this  Salt  in 
Rheumatism,  or  where  the  medicants  are  indicated. 

Free  Sample  on  Request. 


Frank    W.    Horner,   Limited 

Manufacturing  Chemists 

142  St.  Urbain  Street  -:-  Montreal 


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(Incorporating  The  Journal  of  Preventive  Medicine  and   Sociology) 

©nrnnto.  QIanaJia 

A    Journal    published    in    the    interests    of    Hospitals,    Sanatoria,    Asylums, 
Public    Charitable    Institutions     throughout    the    British     Empire. 


lE&ttnrB  : 


"  I^OHpttal  HHatntfttattrr  aixh 

C  J.  CO.  HASTINGS.  Medical  Health 
Officer,  City  of  Toronto;  HELEN  MAC- 
MURCHY.  B.A..  M.D..  Assistant  Inspector 
of  Hospitals.  Province  of  Ontario  ;  and  MR. 
CONRAD  THIES,  late  Secy..  Royal  Free 
Hospital.    London.    England. 

"  i^OBpital  Equt;mtPitt  a^^ 
ApjiUanrpa  " 

N.  A.  POWELL.  M.D..  CM..  Senior 
Asflistant  Surgeon  in  charge  SKields'  Emerg- 
ency Hospital.  Professor  Medical  Jurisprudence , 
Medical  Department,  University  of  Toronto. 

"  l!^0flpttalB  atxb  T^rtvtxxtxvt 
Meb'xtxxxt " 

J.  W.    S.    McCULLOUGH,    M.D.,  Chief 

Officer  of  Health  for  the  Province  of  Ontario. 

J.  H.   ELLIOTT,  M.p..  Asst.  Medicine  and 
Clinical  Medicine.  Univ.  of  Toronto. 

P.  H.  BRYCE.  M.D.,  Chief  Medical  Officer, 
Dept.  of  The  Interior,  Ottawa. 


'■  Nuraiitg  Ippartmrnt  " 

MISS   MARGARET    CONROY,   Boston, 

Mass. 

"  ^ag:(]ttal  Qlnitstrurttatt " 

CHRISTIAN  R.  HOLMES.  M.D.,  Cincin- 
nati. Ohio  ;  DONALD  J.  MACKINTOSH. 

M.D..  M.V  O..  Medical  Superintendent, 
Western  Infirmary.  Glasgow. 

"  fflrbtral  Orgatttzatiott  " 

HERBERT  A.  BRUCF     M.D..   F.R.S.C. 

SuriJeon.  Toronto  General  Hospital.  Toronto  ; 
H.  A.  BOYCE.  M.D.,  Kingston.  Ont.  ;  H. 
E.  WEBSTER.  Esq.,  Superintendent  the 
Royal  Victoria  Hospital,  Montreal,  P.Q.  ; 
W.  A.  YOUNG.  M.D.,  L.R.C.P.,  London, 
Consultant,  Toronto  Hospital  for  Incurables, 
Toronto. 


"  g»nrinli;gy  " 


Central 


J.  T.  GILMOUR,  M.D.,  Warden, 
Prison,  Guelph,  Ont. 

"  (Hubrrrulasis  Siaitatnria  " 

GEORGE  D.  PORTER,  M.D.,  Toronto  ; 
J.  H.  HOLBROOK,  M.B.,  Physician-in- 
Chief,  Mountain  Sanatorium,  Hamilton,  Ont. 


All   Communications,   Correspondence,    and    Matter     regarding    Subscriptions   and 

Advertisements    TO    BE    ADDRESSED     TO     "THE     HOSPITAL 

WORLD,"     145      COLLEGE     ST.,     TORONTO,     ONT. 

Reprints,  including  Half-tones,  etc..  Supplied   Authors   at   Net  Cost. 


Vol  X. 


TORONTO,  OCTOBER,  1916 


No.  4 


Editorials 


RESUSCITATION  APPARATUS 


Dr.  Yandell  Henderson,  Professor  of  Physiology 
in  Yale  University  School  of  Medicine,  has  made  a 
pronouncement  on  various  mechanical  devices  for 


98  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

resuscitating  those  who  have  been  overcome  by  sub- 
mergence in  water,  suffocation  by  smoke,  stunned 
by  electric  shocks,  overdosed  with  chloroform,  and 
the  like,  where  respiration  has  stopped,  providing 
the  heart  has  not  come  to  a  standstill. 

Hospital  superintendents  who  have  of  late  and 
are  at  present  being  called  upon  by  agents  selling 
pulmotors,  lungmotors,  vivators,  bellows,  and  other 
resuscitation  apparatus,  will  do  well  to  read  what 
Dr.  Henderson  says  about  them  in  a  recent  number 
of  the  Journal  of  the  American  Medical  Hospital 
Association. 

In  describing  the  action  of  the  pulmotor,  Dr. 
Henderson  points  out,  that  the  purpose  served  by 
the  compressed  oxygen  is  not,  as  many  suppose,  to 
enrich  the  blood  with  that  gas,  but  to  supply  the 
motive, power  which  works  the  apparatus.  He  fur- 
ther shows  that  the  valve  which  alternately  provides 
for  the  blowing  of  the  air  to  the  face  mask  and  then 
sucking  it  out  when  reversing  is  made  to  do  so  by 
means  of  a  considerable  positive  and  negative  pres- 
sure that  come  just  at  those  points  in  respiration  at 
which  they  are  most  unnatural.  Besides,  if  there 
be  an  obstruction  to  the  flow  of  air,  the  positive  and 
negative  pressures  needed  to  reverse  the  apparatus 
induce  the  suction  and  injection  phases  so  rapidly 
that  the  patient's  lungs  are  not  properly  distended 
and  deflated.  The  injector  is  also  liable  to  get  out  of 
order. 

The  automatic  working  of  the  apparatus  has 
overimpressed  the  buying  public;  and  many  useless 
machines  are  now  lying  as  junk  around  hospitals, 
fireballs,  and  factories. 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  99 

The  essayist  writes  more  favorably  of  the  lung- 
motor,  which  is  really  a  combination  of  two  such 
pumps  as  are  used  to  inflate  automobile  tires. 

The  advisability  of  withdrawing  air  from  the 
lungs  is  questionable. 

But  when  all  is  said  and  done,  too  much  reliance 
should  not  be  placed  on  any  of  these  devices.  The 
old-fashioned  methods  of  artificial  respiration — the 
Sylvester  and  the  Schafer — must  still  be  taught  and 
used ;  for  one  can  not  always  wait  until  some  appar- 
atus is  brought.  The  earlier  efforts  at  resuscitation 
are  commenced  the  better.  If  the  apparatus  has  to 
be  brought  from  a  distance  it  generally  arrives  too 
late.  A  delay  of  five  minutes,  if  no  other  means  are 
used,  is  fatal. 

Dr.  Henderson  says  that  harm  may  be  done  by 
exerting  too  great  a  positive  pressure  in  using  some 
of  these  apparatus.  To  lessen  this  danger,  he  sug- 
gests that  in  the  apparatus  of  the  pump  type  there 
should  be  a  blow-off  valve  or  equivalent  device  set 
to  open  under  a  water  column  pressure  of  10  inches; 
and  when,  as  in  the  lungmotor,  there  is  also  a  suction 
pump,  there  should  be  an  inlet  valve  set  to  open 
under  a  pressure  of  6  inches. 

The  Resuscitation  Committee,  of  which  the 
essayist  is  a  member,  found  that  in  a  conscious,  nor- 
mal, not  apneic,  subject,  his  own  respiratory  centre, 
rather  than  the  exertions  of  the  operator,  determines 
the  amount  of  pulmonary  ventilation  afforded  by 
the  prone  pressure  method.  Between  the  applica- 
tions of  pressure,  the  subject's  respiratory  muscles 
draw  in  what  he  needs — no  more  and  no  less.  Be- 
sides, the  amount  of  air  which  can  be  drawn  in  and 


100  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  Oct.,  1916 

V 

forced  out  by  the  manipulation  of  the  arms  and  the 
squeezing  of  the  chest  and  abdomen,  gradually  de- 
creases as  the  body  muscles  lose  their  tonus.  When 
the  body  becomes  flaccid  only  a  negligible  amount  of 
air  passes  in  and  out  as  a  result  of  the  pressure  and 
relaxation. 


AND  THEN  WHAT  ? 


The  indefatigable  Rockefeller  Institute  has  under- 
taken to  make  an  exhaustive  survey  of  the  City  of 
Chicago  with  the  view  of  ascertaining  how  much 

of  the  crime  within  its  boundaries  is  due  to  sub- 
normal mental  conditions,  or,  in  other  words,  to 
obtain  the  statistical  relationship  between  the  mental 
condition  of  Chicago  citizens  and  their  crimes. 

It  appears  to  be  a  tolerably  large  undertaking, 
laut  the  Institute  is  never  troubled  by  the  size  of  its 
contracts.  It  worries  through  them  somehow,  and 
after  the  expenditure  of  much  money  and  labor 
sends  another  of  its  many  startling  volumes  of  facts 
and  conclusions  out  into  a  scientific  world  already 
burdened  with  previous  volumes  of  information  it 
has  not  yet  been  able  to  digest  or  live  up  to. 

Nevertheless,  it  is  good  to  have  a  Flexner  and 
a  Rockefeller  Institute,  perhaps  on  the  same  homely 
supposition  why  it  is  good  for  the  dog  to  have  fleas. 
It  keeps  the  conscientious  section  of  the  people  alert 
and  watchful  and  properly  uncomfortable  over  evils 
that  should  not  exist,  yet  that  there  is  no  clear  and 
instant  way  to  exterminate. 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  101 

This  investigation  of  sub-normality  in  Chicago 
now  is  quite  a  needful  and  desirable  thing,  at  least 
so  every  other  American  city  will  agree.  Chicago 
was  doubtless  selected  because  of  its  prominence  in 
both  these  attributes  of  sub-normality  and  crime. 
To  discover  what  proportion  of  Chicago  minds  are 
mischievously  sub-normal  and  to  decide  what  is 
going  to  be  done  with  them  when  they  are  located 
will  be  a  pursuit  of  great  magnitude,  and  the  pub- 
lished results  will  doubtless  make  more  fascinating- 
reading  than  any  previous  volume  of  the  Institute 
records. 

So  large  a  staff  will  be  necessary  to  carry  on 
and  complete  this  survey,  however,  that  there  is  a 
possibility  of  a  sub-normal  mind  or  two  slipping  in 
among  the  investigators.    And  then  what? 


102  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  lOlG 

Original  Contributions 

ANTI-TYPHOID   INOCULATION  IN  SOLDIERS 


BY  GEORGE  D.  PORTER,  ZSI.D..  CAPTAIN  A.M.C. 


The  following  is  a  brief  report  ou  the  early  results  of  126,600 
inocujations  rather  than  a  paper  on  the  general  subject  of  inocu- 
lation. It  might  be  well  to  recall,  however,  that  the  excellent 
results  which  have  followed  inoculation  in  the  British  forces 
in  India  and  elsewhere,  and  also  in  the  United  States  army, 
have  been  largely  responsible  for  its  almost  universal  use  in 
the  armies  of  the  world  to-day.  While  sanitary  measures  in 
general  ha\'e  never  been  so  closely  observed  as  at  the  present 
time,  yet  the  wonderful  freedom  of  the  troops  fri)iii  typhoid  may 
be  largelv  attributed  to  inoculation. 

In  ^lajor  Lelean's  book  on  '"  Sanitation  in  War,''  he  esti- 
mates that  there  are  five  and  a  half  times  as  many  cases  of 
typhoid  amongst  the  soldiers  who  are  not  inoculated,  and  that 
there  are  ten  and  a  half  times  as  manv  deaths  amongst  those 
unprotected  by  inoculation  as  there  are  amongst  those  who  have 
been  inoculated. 

Another  report  states  that  froui  August,  1914,  to  Xov em- 
ber 10th.  lUl"),  l.:i(!5  cases  of  typhoid  were  reported  from  the 
front  (1,150  veritied  by  lalxu'atory  diaguosis).  In  .570  cases 
amongst  the  inoculated  there  were  35  deaths,  wdiile  in  571  cases 
amongst  those  unprotected  by  inoculation  there  were  115  deaths. 
Owing  to  our  lack  of  information  regarding  the  number  of 
inoculated  soldiers  who  contracted  typhoid,  and  those  not  inocu- 
lated who  contracted  the  disease,  it  is  impossible  to  compare 
the  results,  but  these  figures  do  show  that  the  mortality  is  less 
than  a  third  amongst  those  inoculated.  Another  list  of  figures 
taken  from  one  of  the  British  medical  journals  shows  that  in 
L;M7  cases  of  typhoid  801  had  not  l)een  inoculated,  while  225 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  103 

had  been.  Of  the  891  cases  iminociilated  there  were  15.5 
deaths,  making  17.4  per  cent.  Of  the  256  cases  inoculated 
there  were  onlv  8  deaths,  making  3.1  per  cent.  The  mortality 
amongst  those  inoculated  only  once  was  greater  than  amongst 
those  inoculated  twice,  and  the  mortality  amongst  those  inocu- 
lated twice  -was  more  than  amongst  those  inoculated  three 
times. 

In  reply  to  a  letter  for  further  in^^ormatiou,  however,  I 
have  received  a  letter  from  the  office  of  the  Director  of  Medical 
Services  of  the  Canadian  Contingents  in  London,  statino-  that 
"  although  the  figures  are  such  that  they  ought  materially  to 
help  universal  inoculation,  the  War  Office  refuses  to  allow  any 
statistics  regarding  medical  work  to  be  published." 

The  technique  used  at  the  Laboratory  in  District  ]!^umber 
2  is  to  paint  a  small  area  beneath  the  clavicle  with  tincture 
iodine,  and,  after  boiling  the  needles,  syringe-;  and  ))lnngers, 
inject  subcutaneously  one  c.c.  of  the  anti-typhoid  vaccine,  which 
equals  a  dose  of  250,000,000  dead  bacteria.  The  second  dose 
of  the  same  strength  is  given  from  four  to  ten  days  later,  and 
the  third  dose  of  double  the  strength  is  given  from  fous  to  ten 
days  after  that,  making  in  all  1,000,000,000  dead  bacteria.  It 
is  important  to  have  the  bottles  containing  the  vaccine  well 
shaken  before  using,  also  to  have  the  rubber  stoppers  painted 
with  iodine  before  inserting  the  needles  through  tbem  for  with- 
drawing the  fluid.  Our  vaccine  is  prepared  at  the  Provincial 
Laboratory,  and  must  be  kept  in  a  cool  place  when  not  in  use. 

The  redness  and  tenderness  surrounding  the  site  of  inocu- 
lation,  wdiich  sometimes  supervenes  begins  to  subside  in  a  few 
hours.  As  the  constitutional  reaction  comes  on  about  six  hours 
,  after  the  inoculation,  consisting  of  malaise,  headache,  a  slig'ht 
!  rise  in  temperature,  and,  in  some  cases,  a  tendency  to  faintness, 
light  duties  are  advised  for  the  men  for  24  hours.  When  symp- 
toms are  severe  enough  the  men  are  admitted  to  hospital  under 
the  head  of  "'  Inoculation  Fever."  The  usual  time  spent  there 
has  been  from  one  to  three  days,  with  an  occasional  illness 
lasting  five  days  or  a  week. 

We  have  inoculated  in  District  Number  2  between  January 
1st,  1915,  and  ^lay  1st,  1916,  42,200  men  three  times  each, 


104  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  Oct.,  1916 

making  iu  all  126,600  inoculations.  We  have  had  no  deaths 
from  these,  and,  while  there  have  been  a  number  of  somewhat 
severe  reactions,  there  have  been  admitted  to  hospital  for  this 
cause  only  107  cases — less  than  one-quarter  of  the  men  inocu- 
lated, or  about  one  admission  in  every  twelve  hundred  inocula- 
tions. (Over  one-half  of  these  admissions  were  during  the 
summer  months.) 

We  are  now  giving  the  combination  of  para-tvphoid  vac- 
cines, and,  while  only  a  few  hundred  men  have  been  inoculated 
with  them  thus  far,  the  early  results  are  just  as  satisfactory  as 
with  the  typhoid  vaccine  alone. 


PREPARATION  OF  A  PATIENT  FOR  AN 
ANESTHETIC 


E.    J.   MACMILLAN^  M.D.^  TORONTO. 


1.  As  TO  Rest — All  patients,  where  it  can  be  arranged^ 
should  rest  both  physically  and  mentally,  better  in  bed,  for  at 
least  twenty-four  hours  previous  to  anesthetic. 

2.  As  TO  ISToTiRisHMENT — The  diet  should  be  regulated  for  at 
least  two  days  previous  to  anesthetic. 

The  patient  should  receive  abundance  of  nourishing,  easily 
digested  food.  Food  that  leaves  little  residue.  From  the 
eighth  hour  preceding  the  anesthetic  and  up  to  three  hours 
before  same,  light  fluids  should  be  given.  The  patient  should 
be  encouraged  to  drink  water  up  to  one  hour  before  the 
anesthetic. 

3.  As  TO  Dbugs — (a)  Hypnotics  for  nervousness  and  sleep- 
lessness the  night  preceding  anesthetic. 

All  hypnotics  tend  to  increase  post-operative  nausea  and 
vomiting.  Prional.  sulphoral  and  veronal  are  the  worst; 
chloral  hydrate,  paraldehyde  and  somnos  are  the  best. 


Oct,  191(3  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  105 

(h)  As  to  use  of  morphia.- — -Morpiiia  should  always  be 
given  in  \-ery  nervous  cases,  unless  there  are  strong  contrain- 
dications, and  in  all  cases  of  Graves'  disease.  Best  ii'iven  forty- 
five  minutes  before,  combined  with  atropine.  Dose  for  an 
adult,  morphia  gr.  1-4  1-G,  atropine  gr.  1-150. 

(c)  Atropine.  Atropine  should  be  given  in  all  cases.  It 
lessens  bronchial  secretions.  It  lessens  the  escape  of  the  heat 
i)f  the  body,  thus  lessening  shock. 

4.  As  TO  Ptjkgatives — The  best  preparatory  purgative  is 
calomel  given  two  nights  previous  to  anesthetic,  followed  in 
the  mornino-  bv  a  saline. 

!N^o  laxative  the  night  before.  On  the  morning,  two  hours 
l)efore  anesthetic,  an  enema  should  be  given.  In  operations  on 
the  lower  bowel,  more  enamata  will  be  necessary. 

The  usual  custom  of  giving  a  purgative  the  night  before, 
followed  in  the  morning  by  an  enema,  disturbs  the  patient's 
rest,  and  leaves  him  in  a  condition  far  from  the  best  to  stand 
an  anesthetic  and  operation. 

It  almost  inevitably  results  in  more  or  less  severe  post- 
anesthetic nausea  and  vomiting. 

In  cases  where  you  only  have  your  patient  one  day  pre- 
vious to  operation,  castor  oil  is  better  than  calomel;  it  is  less 
apt  to  be  followed  by  vomiting.  I  am  certain  if  the  above  lines 
as  to  diet  and  purgatives  were  followed,  post-anesthetic  nausea 
and  vomiting  would  be  very  rare. 

After  Treatment. 

1.  Post-anesthetic  gastric  lavage.  I  am  certain  that  routine 
lavage  does  more  harm  than  good  in  the  majority  of  cases. 
Lavage  requires  that  the  patient  be  deeply  anesthetized,  and  as 
in  a  great  number  of  operations  very  light  anesthesia  is  all 
that  is  required,  it  would  be  harmful  to  deeply  anesthetize  the 
patient  for  the  juirpose  of  lavage;  then  lavage  entails  some  con- 
siderable shock,  and  in  ])atients  already  suflFering  greatly  from 
shock  it  might  prove  to  be  the  last  straw. 

In  the  following  cases  lavage  is  indicated : 

(a)  In  all  operations  where  the  stomach  is  handled,  and 
in  operatious  on  the  gall  bladder.     In  these  operations  blood 


lOG  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Ocr.,  1916 

or  bile    or   both    are   forced    into   the    stomach,  ami  are  hctrer 
removed. 

(6)  In  all  cases  while  during  the  period  of  anesthesia  the 
patient  vomits  or  endeavors  to  vomit.  In  these  eases  during 
the  act  of  trying  to  vomit,  air  is  sucked  into  the  stomach,  and 
the  passing  of  the  stomach  tube  permits  the  gas  to  escape. 

(c)  In  all  cases  where  the  stomach  is  distended  with  gas. 
These  cases  will  usually  require  to  be  watched  for  distension 
later,  and  will  be  better  of  having  the  tube  passed  again. 

The  presence  of  gas  in  the  stomach  is  more  serious  than 
fluids. 

Many  solutions  are  used  for  lavage.  Kormal  saline,  soda 
bicarborate  solution,  lime  water,  weak  solutions  of  hydrochloric 
acid,  and  plain  warm  water.  The  soda  bicarl)onate  seems  to 
answer  best ;  it  appears  to  wash  the  stomach  better.  It  removes 
any  mucus  secretions  better  than  others. 

Some  advise,  after  lavage,  leaving  in  the  stomach  certain 
solutions,  as  5   i~5  ii    of   soda    bicarbonate   in  §   ii  ~  .5    lii 
of  warm  water,  or   5  'i  -  5   iv  milk  of  magnesia,     ^fy  (expe- 
rience is  that  it  is  a  waste  of  material. 

A's  to  fluids  and  nourishment,  post-anesthetic,  as  soon  as 
the  patient  is  able  to  swallow,  they  should  be  permitted,  and  if 
necesary  encouraged,  to  drink  water,  given  in  small  quantities, 
frequently.  The  temperature  may  vary  as  to  the  liking  of 
patient,  luit  never  should  be  ice  cold.  As  soon  as  the  patient 
can  take  water  without  nausea,  tea  and  other  light  liquids  may 
be  slowlv  added. 


Oct.,  l!)l<i  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  107 

Selected  Articles 


REGARDING  DIETS  FOR  PATIENTS 


]N"o  patient  is  to  receive  iionrislimeiir  at  meal  hours  witlmut 
orders.  Feedings  between  meals  are  not  to  l)e  given  nnless 
ordered.  Xo  alcohol  may  be  nsed  even  for  flavoring,  except  bv 
orders.  Tea  and  cocoa  are  included  in  the  liquids  of  any  diet. 
Coifee  requires  a  special  order.  jSTo  medical  patients  are  to 
receive  lobster,  crab  meat,  raw  oyster,  raw  clams,  or  cabbage. 

Xurses  serving  trays  must  bear  in  mind  the  importance  of 
preparing  patients  for  approaching  meal  by  announcement  and 
In-  freshening  bed,  washing  patient's  face,  and  such  methods 
of  aronsing  the  psychical  stimulus  ftu-  flow  of  gastric  juice. 

The  following  titles  are  in  use : 

Full  diet. — Any  available  foods. — liquid,  soft  and  solid,  mw 
and  cooked ;  ^>  times  a  day. 

Liglit  diet. — Same  as  full  diet,  except  no  salads,  no  raw 
fruits,  except  oranges,  no  raw  vegetables,  and  limited  amounl, 
small  helpings.  -S  times  a  day. 

Soft  diet. — Any  liquid;  eggs — soft  boiled,  soft  poached,  soft 
scrambled,  and  raw  ;  toast — dry  without  crust ;  cereals — cooked  ; 
potatoes — mashed,  creamed,  baked  ;  rice — steamed  ;  gravies — - 
meat  and  creamed,  junket;  jellies — without  solid  content;  cus- 
tards-— without  hard  fruits;  oranges,  stewed  fruits,  3  times  a 
dav. 

Rest rirted  soft  diet. — Any  liquid;  eggs — soft  boiled  ^r 
poached  or  raw  ;  toast — soft ;  cereals — cooked  fine  without  chaff, 
as  wheatena,  or  strained  oatmeal ;  custard — -plain ;  junket ; 
jellies — ]dain;  3  times  a  day. 

Li(iuid  diet. — Any  liquid,  as  milk,  buttennilk,  kejihir.  al- 
bumen plain,  albumen  flavored,  grape  juice,  cocoa  shake;  soups 
— thin  and  thick  from  meat  stock,  thin  and   thick  from  vea'c- 


*A   dietary   from  one  of  our   I)est   known  hospitals. 


8  a.m.   10 

a.m. 

12  noon 

2  p.m. 

4  p.m. 

6  p.m. 

S  p.m. 

oz. 

3 

3 

0 
•  > 

0 

0 

3 

0 

oz. 
oz. 

41/. 
6 

414 
6 

41/- 

6 

G 

6 

41/0 

41/0 

6 

oz. 

6 

6 

9 

6 

6 

9 

6 

oz. 

6 

6 

9 

6 

6 

9 

6 

oz. 

6 

6 

9 

fi 

6 

9 

6 

oz. 

6 

6 

8 

9 

6 

6 

8 

9 

6 

108  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct..  10l(> 

table  stock  (without  solid  coutc^nt )  ;  tea,  with  ?uiiar  and  i-i'c;ini; 
cocoa  or  chocolate ;  ice  cream,  withotit  solid  content ;  every  2 
hours  day,  and  at  night  if  desired,  in  doses  of  oz.  IV.  or  VI. 

Intermediate  nourishment.- — Anv  liquid,  oz.  VI..  with 
Avafers  if  diet  permits,  at  10.30  a.m.,  3.30  p.m..  and  in  the 
evening. 

Dubois  Diet  (Milh). 

6  a.m. 
1st    day   3 
2nd   day   4I/2   oz. 
3rd   day   C> 
4th    dav   9 
5th    day  12 
6tih   dav    12 
7th    day  12 
8th    day 

On  the  6th  day,  give  bread,  butter,  and  honey  with  the  fir.st 
12  oz.  of  milk. 

On  the  7th  day,  give  full  noon  and  evening  meals  in  addi- 
tion to  milk. 

On  the  eighth  day  the  following,  full  diet  and  milk  at  10 
a.m.,  4  p.m.,  8  p.m. 

The  nurses  shotild  not  give  any  information  to  the  i')atient 
about  the  diet  schedule,  amotmt,  time,  duration,  or  object. 
Simply  reply  that  each  feeding  is  ordered  l)y  the  doctor. 

Cardiac  Diet. — Breakfast — Cereal  with  cream,  2  slices  but- 
tered toast,  1  soft  egg,  1  slice  bacon,  1  glass  milk  (200  cc).  1 
orange. 

10  a.m.    )  1  glass  fluids  and  crackers,  buttered  toast  or  bread 
4  p.m.  j       and  butter,  2  slices. 

Dinner. — Chicken,  sweetbreads  or  fish;  1  vegetable 
(cooked)  ;  2  slices  bread  or  toast;  any  soup  except  from  meat 
stock,  180  ec. 

Supper. — 1  egg,  not  fried;  2  slices  bread  or  toast;  simple 
dessert  1  glass  any  liquid. 

Small  amount  of  food. — E.rcha7ige. 


Oct.,  lUlO  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  109 

GEOGRAPHY  OF  MEDICAL  GREATNESS 


lu  a  recent  niimljer  of  The  Medical  Times  appeared  a 
Immorous  article  on  the  above  subject.  Among  other  laughable 
things,  it  said : 

When  we  think  of  Boston,  medically,  we  think  of  Harvard 
and  the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital.  They  are  the  hubs 
around  which  medical  Boston  revolves.  Eelatively  unlucky 
is  the  Boston  physician  who  can  own  no  affiliation  with  these 
corporations.  He  may  be  successful  in  a  worldly  sense,  be  a 
>;cholar  and  a  gentleman,  he  may  hold  important  institutional 
]iosts,  but  his  sphere  is  an  exoteric,  relatively  inglorious  one. 
ISTo  great  part  does  he  play  in  sustaining  the  rei;l  palladia  of 
Boston's  medical  greatness.     He  is  a  Philistine. 

It  is  rather  difficult  for  an  outsider  to  understand  the  mystic, 
esoteric  qualifications  which  a  man  must  possess  before  he  can 
aspire  to  a  place  within  the  sacred  walls  of  these  medical  tem- 
ples. The  limitations  of  language  do  not  permit  one  who  is 
not  a  ]^ew  Englander,  much  less  a  Bostonian,  exactly  to  define 
the  social  and  scientific  sources  of  medical  prestige  in  Boston. 

Despite  the  foregoing  conditions,  the  attainments  of  the 
scientific  personnel  of  Boston's  medical  "  trust "  are  of  an 
astonishingly  high  order,  as  everybody  knows — in  the  sense  that 
there  is  nothing  medical  worth  knowing  that  these  gentle- 
men don't  know.  The^'  know  the  scientific  '^  patter ''  of 
medical  science  as  they  know  the  multiplication  table,  and  they 
satisfy  all  possible  requirements  as  regards  Rabelaisian  learn- 
ing and  impressive  dignity. 

One  doesn't  look  much  for  anything  erratic  among  such  a 
])ersonnel.  One  expects  to  find  only  conservatism.  Occasion- 
allv,  however,  one  encounters  an  individual  among  thorn  who 
has  a  strangle  hold  on  the  trust  as  regards  all  the  esoteric  re- 
quirements for  membership  ,  and  who  yet  exhibits  phe- 
nomena strange  indeed  for  a  Bostonian  of  the  sacred  sort.  Thus 
we  see  one  of  the  near-great  flying  fitfully  from  social  settle- 
ment work,  applied  to  medicine,  to  psycho-therapy  in  conjunc- 
tion with  certain  doctors  of  the  churoh  from  blood  researches 


no  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

to  denial  of  the  trustworthiness  of  urinary  findina's  as  indi- 
cators of  renal  disease.  Merely  a  clever,  versatile  man,  opines 
the  reader.  Exactly,  but  think  of  the  perturbing  effect  he  must 
have  on  his  staid  confreres.  To  them  it  must  seem  like  sins'ing 
the  Bab  Ballads  to  the  tunes  of  g-reat  hymns.  This  man,  in 
such  an  environment,  is  like  an  aberrant  embrvonal  cell.  He 
would  be  a  really  inspiring  figure  in  Chicago.  He  is  as  outre 
in  Boston  as  a  typical  Bostonian  would  be  in  Oshkosh. 

*  *  *  *  * 

Members  of  the  medical  aristocracy  of  jSTew  York  are  the 
most  fortunately  situated  as  regards  nearness  to  the  concen- 
trated wealth  of  the  country.  It  is  safe  to  say,  too.  that  they 
are  more  than  alive  to  their  opportunities.  He  would  be  a 
unique  thinker  and  observer  who  would  deny  that  this  "  near- 
ness "  has  had  no  reflex  commercializing  effect  upon  tlie  pro- 
fession. 

The  populace  of  ISTew  York  probably  receive  more  static 
wave  thrills,  at  five  dollars  a  thrill,  more  vibratory  agitations, 
at  five  dollars  per  agitation,  than  any  other  neurasthenic  com- 
munitv  in  the  world.     If  vou  are  a  lavman,  vou  are  irrio-ated 
for  three  months,  subjected  to  vesicular  massage  for  one  mouth, 
passed  along  to  the  surgeon.  Avho  revises  your  table  of  contents, 
and  end  your  days  with  a  vacuum  electrode  against  your  pros- 
tate.    Your  spare  time  is  passed  visiting  your  relatives  and 
friends  in  public  hospitals  and  private  sanatoria.     People  who 
claim  to  be  healthy  are  detained  at  Bellevue  until  they  promise 
to  visit  a  physician.     Females  who  do  not  bear  upon  their  per- 
sons  the  heraldry   of   ])lastic   geometry    arc   vcr\-    r;iro.    aud   a 
child  who  needed  no  pharyngeal  surgery  would  be  entitled  to 
a  greasy  effigy  at  the  Eden  ]\Iusee.     Legion  is  the  unuie  of  the 
neurasthenic,   the   sacred   raven  who  bestows   so  much   manna 
upon  the  Elijahs  of  Madison  Avenue.     ISTo where  else  are  his 
symptoms  so  protean,  though  no  neurologist  has,  as  yet,  reported 
a  fear-of-money  phobia. 

TT  ^  w  w  ^ 

It  is  customary  not  to  approach  Baltimore  without  removino- 
the  shoes,  or  in  some  way  signifying  one's  deep  reverence  and 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  111 

humility  in  the  presence  of  greatness.  Even  the  medical  stu- 
dents at  Johns  Hopkins  write  learnedly  and  exhaustively  upon 
themes  to  whicli  Virchow  himself  could  barely  have  done  jus- 
tice. You  know  that  queer  feeling  that  comes  over  you,  reader, 
when  you  pick  up  a  journal  and  read  a  title  like  the  followino;: 
"  The  Psychology  of  Conversion  in  the  Insane,"  by  ]\[r.  Philip 
Sydenham  Lettsom,  of  the  Senior  Class,  Medical  School  of 
Johns  Hopkins  University. 

If  the  students  are  so  wise,  what  shall  we  say  of  the  resi- 
dents ?  At  the  very  beginning  of  their  careers  they  have  reached 
a  development  about  equal  to  that  of  Benjamin  Push  at  the 
height  of  his  career — no,  not  even  excepting  his  wisdom.  To 
them,  "  clinical  medicine  is  a  finished  story,"  they  know  all 
that  can  be  known  about  descriptive  pathology,  and  the  logical 
result  is,  they  discover  new  diseases,  devise  new  methods,  write 
new  books.  Johns  Hopkins  has  been  launching  this  type  of  man 
for  some  years  now,  and  it  is  a  strange  thing  that  medicine  has 
not  progressed  faster  at  his  hands. 

As  to  the  Olympian  faculty  which  presides  over  the  func- 
tions and  destiny  of  the  University,  their  wisdom  passeth  all 
understanding.  It  is  said  that  they  systematically  withhold 
much  of  their  knowledge  for  fear  that  its  announcement  would 
tend  to  paralyze  effort  in  others — tend  to  intellectual  pauperiza- 
tion, in  other  words — just  as  the  man  of  colossal  wealth  has  to 
exercise  great  care  in  his  benefactions,  in  order  that  charity 
be  not  abused  and  the  poor  pauperized.  Thus  do  they  feed  the 
medical  chicks  of  the  country  within  their  capacity. 

The  professional  body  of  Johns  Hopkins  is  living,  in  point 
of  fact,  somewhere  around  seventy-five  years  ahead  of  actual 
scientific  time.  There  is  an  apparently  well-founded  rumor 
that  the  members  of  this  teaching  body  hold  secret  sessions  at 
which  the  papers  and  discussions  are  pitched  in  a  key  which 
would  strike  any  other  medical  men  as  transcendental,  to  say 
the  least. 

The  faculty  have  been  inclined  to  regard  at  least  one  pro- 
fessor as  sensationally  inclined,  and  have  regarded  as  rather 
indiscreet  deliverances  his  articles  and  addresses  upon  the  sub' 
ject  to  measurement  of  the  capacity  of  the  renal  pelvis  as  a 


11-3  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

routine  office  procedure,  and  upon  the  cure  by  means  of  radium 
of  deep-seated  and  extensive  cancer.  In  the  faculty's  judgment 
these  are  things  that  the  general  profession  is  not  yet  prepared 
to  receive,  and  they  do  not  consider  that  any  purpose  is  served 
by  such  pronouncements  other  than  the  exploitation  of  the  pro- 
fessor himself. 

Great  vras  Diana  of  the  Ephesians,  but  gTeater  is  Minerva 
Medica  of  Baltimore! 


THE    ABUSE    OF    THE    FREE    DISPENSARY 

PRIVILEGE  * 


P.Y    EDWIIST    B.    MILT.ER.    ^l.T). 


The  trite  saying  that  ''  Fools  rush  in  Avhere  angels  fear  to 
tread  "  is  probably  true  of  the  person  who  attempts  to  write  a 
palmer  on  the  above  subject  and  to  read  it  before  a  body  like 
the  Philadelphia  County  Medical  Society. 

It  is  necessary  in  a  discussion  of  this  kind  that  the  truth 
shall  be  told,  regardless  of  the  fact  that  some  of  the  statements 
may  seem  like  knocking  an  individual,  a  group  of  men,  or  an 
institution.  So,  in  the  words  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  "  With 
malice  towards  none  and  with  charity  for  all,"  I  will  proceed 
to  a  consideration  of  our  subject,  which,  while  a  very  old  and 
much  discussed  one.  is  always  new.  The  causes  have  always 
been  the  same,  the  methods  of  overcoming  the  condition  well 
understood,  and  would  be  efficient  to  correct  the  evil ;  but  what 
has  been  lacking?  Men  of  moral  courage  and  stamina,  ivlio  are 
willing  to  sink  their  individual  opportunities  for  the  good  of 
the  profession  as  a  whole. 

I  propose  to  point  out  to  you  that  both  the  lajnnan  and  the 
practitioner  are  responsible  for  the  conditions  which  exist  to- 
day in  the  dispensary  service  of  the  large  hospitals  of  our  city. 


♦Read  before  the  Kensington  Branch  of  the  Philadelphia  County  Medi- 
cal Society. 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  113 

The  most  noble  and  notable  example  of  Christian  charity 
is  the  free  dispensary,  which,  by  the  gratnitons  service  of  the 
conscientions  physician,  is  able  to  minister  to  the  needs  of 
snfTerino'  hnmanity. 

These  blessings  ai-e  so  common  in  this  country  that  they 
are  little  appreciated,  and  their  importance  is  not  seen  here,  as 
it  is  in  heathen  lands,  where  the  whole  system  of  the  civiliza- 
tion of  the  individual,  the  development  of  commerce  and  in- 
dustry, and  the  upbuilding  of  nations,  leading  them  out  of 
darkness  into  light,  freedom  and  usefulness,  follow  in  the  wake 
of  the  medical  missionary. 

In  Korea  the  beginning  of  the  present  forward  movement 
dates  from  the  time  when  Dr.  Allen,  a  medical  missionary,  in- 
gratiated himself  into  the  favor  of  the  Emperor  by  curing  his 
son  of  erysipelas,  after  all  the  native  doctors  had  failed  by  their 
methods  to  give  him  relief. 

Sir  Robert  Hart,  ex-Director  of  Maritime  Customs  for 
China,  is  at  the  present  time  in  England  endeavoring  to  raise 
$500,000  to  endow  a  medical  university  in  China ;  for  all  this 
service  nothing  is  asked,  medical  men  give  their  time,  ^  their 
talents,  their  money  and  even  their  lives  for  the  cause  of 
(humanity. 

All  this  is  good  and  noble,  but  a  thing  which,  at  one  stage 
of  civilization,  may  be  right  and  uplifting,  becomes  demoral- 
izing and  reprehensible  at  another.  When  these  heathen  coun- 
tries take  their  places  in  the  galaxy  of  nations  and  their  sons 
and  daughters  become  educated  physicians,  and  their  ]ieo]ile 
become  efficient  by  the  development  of  trades  and  the  \'ariuus 
industries,  they  must  be  lifted  to  a  higher  ])lane  than  that  of 
helpless  mendicants. 

We  care  for  our  children  when  they  are  helpless,  but  insist 
on  their  becoming  self-supporting  as  they  arrive  at  maturity ; 
so  the  nation  also  fosters  infant  industries,  but  when  they  be- 
come trusts  and  can  count  their  profits  by  fhe  millions  such 
protection  should  be  removed. 

In  civilized  lands  it  is  the  duty  of  the  individual,  the  State 
and  the  nation  to  help  the  indigent;  hut  it  is  little  short  of  crim- 
inal to  distrihute  the  bounty  to  those  who  do  not  need  it,  thereby 
encouraging  them  to  become  dependents  on  the  commimity  and 


114  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

tlius  depriving  many  worthy  persons  of  their  just  requests  for 
aid. 

These  conditions  have  reached  such  a  stage  here  in  Phihi- 
delphia  that  they  menace  the  very  existence  of  a  body  of  men 
who  have  done  more  than  any  other  in  the  work  of  saving 
humanity  from  the  ravages  of  disease. 

Thousands  of  persons  who,  by  all  the  principles  of  justice 
and  honor,  should  call  on  physicians  to  treat  their  ailments  ajid 
pay  for  them,  are  being  treated  at  the  free  dispensaries  of  our 
city.  How  much  surgery  do  we  get  to-day  even  of  a  minor 
character?  Why,  frequently  we  find  our  best-paying  patients 
are  being  treated  in  the  hospitals  gratis,  because  the  impression 
seems  to  be  abroad  that  it  is  only  there  that  they  can  receive 
the  proper  attention. 

I  take  it  that  the  three  principal  causes  for  this  state  of 
affairs  are: 

1.  The  desire  on  the  part  of  the  patient  to  save  money — 
the  prevalent  spirit  of  wanting  something  for  nothing. 

2.  The  desire  to  see  the  professor  or  the  near-professor. 

3.  Because  the  patient  is  recommended  to  go  to  the  dis])en- 
saries  by  their  physicians. 

1.   The  desire  of  the  patient  to  save  money. 

I  have  known  of  large  families  who  have  not  engaged  a 
physician  until  their  children  are  wage  earners,  and  then  they 
only  do  so  because  it  is  now  cheaper  to  go  to  the  doctor's  office 
in  the  evening  than  to  the  dispensary.  Open  the  dispensaries 
from  7  to  9  p.m.  and  we  will  probably  shut  up  shop  and  seek 
other  and  more  remunerative  fields. 

A  child  was  brought  to  my  office  with  a  Colle's  fracture. 
I  treated  the  case  and  told  them  to  bring  her  in  the  next  day. 
They  never  came  back,  and  when  I  w^ent  to  hunt  up  my  splint, 
I  found  that  the  patient  was  being  treated  at  the  hospital.  The 
excuse  offered  was  that  they  could  not  afford  to  pay,  altliough 
the  father  had  a  steady  job  at  $18.00  a  week. 

Last  week  a  man  came  to  me  who  had  been  receiving  x-ray 
treatment  for  carcinoma  in  a  hospital  dispensary  for  a  period 
of  nearly  a  year.     He  became  dissatisfied  and  wanted  me  to 


Oct..  inic  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  ^K, 

treat  him.  When  I  told  him  my  ])riee  he  demurred,  ^ayiiiii-  he 
could  not  afford  it.  I  reduced  it.  He  said  this  was  beyond  his 
means.  T  made  a  still  further  concession,  but  he  said  he  cr.uld 
not  afford  even  this  amount,  so  I  advised  him  to  continue  treat- 
ment at  the  hospital,  where  he  had  already  received  service  to 
the  value  of  $500. 

I  have  learned  since  that  he  has  a  small  store,  an  interest 
in  a  milk  business  and  is  the  reputed  owner  of  several  houses. 
He  wanted  to  save  money,  as  he  was  losing  some  by  being- 
absent  from  his  place  of  business  several  hours  each  day. 

The  public  should  he  given  to  understcwd  that  to  accept 
service  to  which  they  are  not  entitled  is  common  robber i/.  The 
institutions  that  have  special  clinics :  the  eye,  the  nose,  the 
throat,  nervous  diseases,  etc.,  are  the  ones  that  are  most  ])at- 
ronized  by  this  class  of  mendicants.  Those  who  have  worked 
in  these  clinics  will  bear  me  out  when  I  say  that  probably  one- 
ihalf  of  all  persons  treated  are  able  to  ]uiy.  These  same  peojde 
will  accept  the  hospital  glasses  from  the  (»ptician  for  a  dollar 
or  two,  and  then  order  a  pair  for  dress  and  pay  $7  or  $8  for 
them.  I  have  seen  a  number  of  incidents  like  this  and  it  is 
by  this  means  that  the  o])tician  is  able  to  profit  on  the  proposi- 
tion. Frecjuently  patients  attendimj  special  clinics  icill  hare 
two  or  three  cards  and  iciJl  r/o  froii\  o)ic-  clinic  to  anotlier. 

2,  The  desire  to  see  the  ])rofessor. 

This  is  probably  due  to  the  readiness  with  which  the  doctor 
in  general  practice  calls  in  a  consultant  to  tell  him  something 
he  already  knows,  an<l  introduces  him  as  from  such-and-such 
a  hospital.  The  practice  of  calling  in  oui'  neighboring  brethren 
has  been  almost  entirely  abandoned. 

This  practice  should  be  revived  and  a  better  understanding 
and  more  brotherly  feeling  would  exist,  for  I  take  it  that,  when 
the  average  intelligent  physician  does  not  li-now  what  ails  a. 
patient  tire  professor  is  guessing,  loo.  Again,  those  of  us  who 
work  in  various  clinics  know  that  the  assistants  do  all  the  work." 
and  the  chief  only  appears  occasionally,  and  then  only  looks  at, 
the  most  interesting  cases. 

The  chief  of  the  clinic  usually  resists  anv  effoi-t  to  cut  <lH\vn 


116  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

the  size  of  the  same.  While  working  in  the  medical  clinics  of 
one  of  our  prominent  hospitals,  a  verj  well-dressed  woman  came 
in  and  asked  to  see  the  professor.  The  chief  was  not  there,  so 
I  gave  her  a  card  and  sent  her  to  ihis  office.  At  the  next  clinic 
he  called  me  down,  and  informed  me  that  his  repntation  at 
the  institution  depended  on  the  size  of  the  clinic,  and  to  treat 
all  comers  regardless  of  their  appearance. 

3.  Because  they  are  recommended  bi/  their  'physicians  to  go 
to  the  dispensary. 

This  brings  me  to  the  most  interesting  part  of  the  snbject. 
It  seems  almost  incredible  that  a  physician  should  recommend 
a  good  patient,  who  is  willing  to  pay,  to  go  to  the  dispensary; 
yet  such  is  the  case,  as  I  can  prove,  and  these  are,  I  believe, 
the  causes : 

1.  Because  the  doctor  has  no  knowledge  of  the  conditions 
and  has  not  instruments  to  treat  the  cases.  This,  to  my  mind,  is 
a  very  poor  excuse — he  should  have  them. 

2.  He  is  afraid  of,  or  jealous  of,  his  neighbor,  who  has  the 
knowledge  and  appliances,  and  the  down-town  specialist  charges 
too  much. 

He  may  'have  good  cause  for  this  position,  but  when  we  get 
together  and  all  try  to  act  on  the  square  this  cause  will  dis- 
appear. 

3.  He  is  asleep  and  is  not  cognizant  of  his  opportunities, 
or  is  too  lazy  to  study,  or  too  mean  to  buy  books  and  instruments, 
I  am  satisfied  that  we — and  I  include  myself  among  this 
number— allow  thousands  of  dollars'  worth  of  work  that  we  can 
do  to  slip  through  our  hands.  This  is  due  to  careless  methods 
of  examination  and  observation  and  an  utter  neglect  of  the 
taking  of  records.  We  can  do  surgical  work,  eye  work,  ear, 
nose,  throat  work,  stomach  washing,  treat  hemorrhoids,  use 
massage,  hydrotherapy,  electricity.  11/'//  not'.'  The  o])ticians 
are  getting  rich  on  the  work  sent  them  by  physicians.  A  pro- 
minent optician  soliciting  my  patronage  showed  me  a  list  of 
physicians  who  sent  him  cases  to  be  tested  (mind  you;  and 
fitted  with  glasses,  and  the  doctor  who  sent  them  received  from 
$1  to  $3  for  each  case.  By  doing  this  work  liiuiself  he  could  liold 


Oct.,  1910  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  117 

his  patients,  give  them  better  service,  because  he  should  kuow 
more  about  it,  and  at  the  same  time  make  more  money  with 
little  or  no  increased  cost  to  the  patient.     Let  us  get  busy.     In 
order  to  satisfy  myself  as  to  the  position  taken  by  the  hospitals, 
I   wrote  to  the  superintendents   of  twenty-five   institutions   in 
Philadelphia  and   asked   them  the   following  (piestions:   1.   Do 
you  now,  or  have  you  at  any  time,  tried  to  limit  your  service 
to  those  unable  to  pay  ?     2.   Do  you   rJi  •rge  for  medicines  nr 
dressings?    I  have  received  replies  from  twenty,  and  am  pleased, 
to  sav  that  some  effort  in  this  direction  is  beina;  made.     I  ha^e 
tabulated  the  replies,  which  are  as  follows :  The  hospitals  who 
limit  their  service  to  those  unable  to  pay  are  fourteen.     The 
hospitals  that  make  no  special  effort  are  six.     Hospitals  that 
make  a  definite  charge  for  medicines  are  five  out  of  twenty. 
Charge,  but  have  no  fixed  sum,   nine.     Hospitals  that  make 
no  charge  for  medicines  are  three  out  of  twenty.      Hospitals 
which   give   no   medicine   are   two    out    of   twenty.      Hospital 
which  makes  no  effort  to  limit  its  services  and  gives  free  medi- 
cine is  one  out  of  twenty. — Exchange. 


THE  PASSING  OF  DR.  FRANK  HAMMETT  HOLT 


Dn.  Hoi.T,  aged  47.  is  dead  after  a  brief  illness.  Deceased  was 
Su]ierintendent  of  ^lichael  Ileese  Hos])ital  for  a  year  or  so 
])ast.  He  went  to  Chicago  from  Boston,  where  he  graduated 
in  1809.  At  the  Boston  City  Hospital  he  served  as  an  assistant 
administrator  under  Dr.  Rowe  for  many  years.  Following  Dr. 
Rowe's  retirement  and  Dr.  McCallum's  transfer.  Dr.  Holt  was 
looked  upon  by  his  outside  friends  as  the  logical  ap])ointee  to 
the  position  in  Boston.  However.  ^Funicipal  ])olitics  decided 
otherwise,  and  Dr.  Holt  was  taken  to  Chicago,  where  he  fully 
sustained  the  reputation  he  made  in  Boston  as  an  efficient 
officer. 

Dr.  Holt  l)ecame  known  to  hosi)ital  people  generally  at  the 
Boston  meeting  of  the  American  Hospital  Association,  having 
had  charge  of  the  arrangements  for  the  convention.  His  work  in 
this  connection  was  well  done,  and  everyone  ap])reciated  his 
courteous  attention  and  kindly  assistance.  Our  i-epresontative 
on  more  than  one  occasion  has  been  the  recipient  of  Dr.  Holt's 
generous  hospitality,  and  the  Hospifal  World  joins  bis  liosts 
of  fricn<ls  in  oxteudiug  to  bis  family  and  rcliitivcs  its  sincere 
sympathy. 


118  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

Canadian  Hospitals 

No.  4  GENERAL   HOSPITAL  (TORONTO) 


The  following  letter  from  a  member  of  the  staif  of  Xo.  4 
General  Hospital  at  Saloniki  is  most  interesting,  and  gives 
some  little  idea  of  the  work  done  by  that  splendid  nnit : 

''  Xo  donbt  yon  know  all  about  the  fact  that  we  ha\e  left 
our  old  ihome  on  the  other  side  of  the  city  and  have  said  good- 
"bye  to  our  tent  hospital,  for  the  time  at  least. 

"  Our  move  was  effected  in  a  very  orderly  manner.  About 
a  mouth  before  the  move  was  made,  three  or  four  of  us  sat 
down  and  tigurcd  out  just  how  it  was  to  be  done,  and  had  prac- 
tically arranged  each  load  so  that  when  the  orders  came  for  us 
to  pack  u\)  we  were  quite  ])repare(l.  and  carried  the  thing 
tlirough  in  such  a  way  that  we  were  al)lc  to  immediately  set  uj) 
and  e([uii)  each  ward  ])ractically  from  one  ti-uck  load.  By  this 
means  there  was  no  delay  at  the  uew  site,  aiul  the  handling  of 
-our  equij)ment  was  reduced  to  a  minimuui. 

'"  When  we  ihad  occu]ned  this  new  butted  lio.^^pital.  we  found 
it  in  anything  but  a  tit  state  for  us  !o  carrv  on  oiii'  hosjiital 
work.  Since  the  buildings  were  available  in  a  more  or  less 
incomplete  state,  l)ut  only  five  per  cent,  of  the  water  supply 
liad  been  installed,  no  sanitary  or  disinfectant  arrangements  for 
the  patients  or  personnel.  For  the  first  week  or  ten  days  we 
liad  all  our  own  men  very  busy  trying  to  rush  along  various 
necessary  details  to  enable  us  to  accept  jiatients  at  the  earliest 
date,  and  we  lent  every  assistance  in  our  power  to  the  Engineers' 
Department  in  an  effort  to  hurry  along  the  work  of  the  hospital, 
but  there  were  other  conditions  developing  that  would  not  wait 
for  the  leisurely  progress  of  the  Engineers'  Department  in  com- 
pleting the  work  here. 

"  About  this  time  the  extremely  hot  weather  began  to  niaui- 
iest  its  effect  on  the  troops,  and  the  medical  staff  otficers  be- 
came so  pressed  for  accommodation  that  they  asked  us  to  open 
ii|)  to  (Hir  fidlest  capacity  and  carry  on   the  work  as  best  we 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  119 

could  under  the  existing  circumstances.  This  we  did,  and  inside 
of  the  first  twentj-four  hours  we  accepted  about  700  cases.  It 
was  a  most  trying  experience,  especially  for  my  Quartermas- 
ter's Department,  in  attempting  to  handle  this  sudden  inrush 
of  cases,  as  we  were  particularly  anxious  to  thoroughly  clean 
all  the  men  and  disinfect  their  kits  before  admitting  them  to 
the  new  hospital  wards.  As  no  facilities  were  yet  available  for 
carrying  on  this  work,  it  meant  that  wt  had  the  whole  of  the 
ground  in  the  vicinity  of  the  bathing  establishment  covered 
with  the  outfits  of  the  men,  and  for  a  time  wo  were  almost  dis- 
couraged over  our  unavailing  efforts  to  cope  with  the  disin- 
fecting problem. 

'"  Finally  we  succeeded  in  getting  hold  of  two  old  thresh 
disinfectors  at  the  ordnance.  When  we  attcm,)ted  to  move 
these  to  our  camp,  a  distance  of  some  eight  miles,  both  broke 
do\\m  on  the  way,  and  one  of  them  had  to  be  hauled  in  with 
big  beams  doing  duty  for  wheels.  However,  this  gave  us  some- 
thing to  go  on  with,  and  we  gradually  ate  awpy  at  the  tre- 
mendous accumulation  of  kits  until  we  finally  caugKt  up. 

"  Recently  the  D.D.]\LS.  asked  us  to  increase  our  ca])acity 
to  1,540  beds,  and  this  was  effected  bv  ])lacin<>'  .')0  beds  in  each 
ward  instead  of  the  customary  24,  and  also  taking  over  a  group 
of  buildings  belonging  to  one  of  the  adjacent  hospital  sites. 

''  When  we  first  came  to  the  hospital  site  we  were  very 
much  bothered  by  the  hosts  of  fiies,  and  our  first  move  toward 
solving  this  problem  was  that  of  cleaning  up  the  camp  area. 
Having  accomplished  this,  we  screened  the  windows  and  doors 
everywhere  with  mosquito  netting,  and  then  went  after  the 
pests  with  traps,  swatters  and  poison  of  various  kinds  until, 
in  a  comparatively  short  time,  we  were  able  to  notice  that  the 
numbers  were  markedly  diminishing,  and  this  has  improved 
until,  at  the  present  time,  we  are  very  little  bothered  in  that 
regard. 

"  Our  hospital  is  really  going  to  be  a  splendid  institution 
when  it  is  completed.  We  have  44  large  wards,  each  120  by 
20  feet.  These  are  subdivided  at  one  end  into  three  or  four 
rooms  for  the  carrying  on  of  the  work  in  each  building.  There 
is   a  bathroom.,    a   room   for  Avashing  up  the   patients'    disb(\s. 


120  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  Oct.,  1916 

with  sink,  running  water,  a  sort  of  pantry  with  stove,  and  an 
administrative  room  for  the  use  of  the  sister.  The  main  ward 
itself  is  large,  airy,  bright,  and  has  two  large  doors  in  each 
end  and  one  on  each  side  in  the  middle.  ^Normally  they  are 
expected  ito  house  two  patients,  and  when  we  are  operating 
at  our  unusual  capacity  of  1,000  beds,  this  will  be  the  number 
that  we  will  place  in  each  one." 


OPENING  OF  THE  NEW  RECEPTION^HOSPITAL, 

BROCKVILLE 


The  new  Reception  Hospital  in  connection  with  the  Eastern 
Hospital,  Brockville,  was  opened  on  i\.ugust  16th,  1916.  This 
hospital,  whidh  is  built  of  brick,  three  storeys  biiih,  is  admirably 
situated  about  midwav  between  the  Prescott  Road  and  the 
main  building  of  the  institution.  N'ature  has  supplied  a  beau- 
tiful setting  for  it,  as  it  is  placed  in  a  grove  of  trees  and  has 
a  splendid  outlook  on  the  St.  Lawrence  River.  It  is  intended 
to  accommodate  sixty  patients,  thirty  of  each  sex.  Every  com- 
fort and  convenience  known  to  the  science  of  mental  healing 
has  been  carefully  considered  in  the  planning  of  this  structure. 
In  addition  to  four  solariums,  four  large  verandas  have  been 
provided  where  the  patients  will  be  treated  with  nature's  own 
healers,  fresh  air  and  sunshine.  These  verandas  have  been 
provided  with  closed  windows  for  winter,  so  that  they  can  be 
used  at  all  seasons  of  the  year.  Beds  have  been  supplied  with 
special  rollers  so  that  nurses  can  move  even  the  weakest  of 
patients  onto  the  verandas  without  any  disturbance. 

The  main  floor  of  the  hospital  contains  the  doctor's  office  and 
dispensary,  the  head  nurse's  suite  of  rooms,  the  diet  kitchens — 
which  are  fitted  with  everv  modern  and  kbor-savine-  device — 
and  the  wards  and  special  bathrooms  for  patients.  The  bath- 
rooms and  lavatories  are  all  tiled  and  fitted  up  in  the  most 
modern  manner. 

On  the  second  floor  are  the  Resident  Physician's  apartments 
(the  Assistant  Superintendent.   Dr.   Geo.   C.  Kidd),   patients' 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  121 

wards  and  private  rooms,  attendants'  quarters,  also  spray  bath, 
bathrooms,  etc. 

The  third  floor  is  fitted  up  with  nurses'  quarters,  storage 
rooms  for  patients'  clothing,  and  the  operating  room,  which  has 
in  connection  with  it  a  sterilizing,  anesthetic,  doctors'  and 
nurses'  rooms.  All  the  fittings  are  of  the  most  modern  type,  and 
it  is  one  of  the  best  operating  rooms  to  be  found  east  of 
Toronto. 

The  basement  contains  the  boilers  for  heating  water,  elec- 
tric motors  for  the  operation  of  the  elevator — which  works  auto- 
matically by  the  key  method — ^also,  the  electric  ventilating  sys- 
tem which  is  very  complete,  changing  the  air  in  the  whole 
building  in  a  very  short  time  by  the  means  of  fans,  one  placed 
in  the  basement  and  the  other  at  the  top  of  the  building.  The 
hospital  is  to  be  heated  from  the  central  heating  plant. 

An  electric  lift  is  provided  for  conveying  food  from  the 
kitchens  to  the  second  floor,  whore  food  wagons  are  i)rovided  to 
transf.er  it  when  required  to  the  pleasant  dining  rooms  located 
on  this  floor. 

A  noticeable  feature  of  this  building  is  the  homelike  atmos- 
phere that  permeates  into  every  nook  and  corner. 

The  grounds  surrounding  the  hospital  are  being  laid  out  in 
terraces  and,  in  a  short  time,  will  be  transformed  into  a  bower 
of  flowers  and  shrubbery. 

The  building  is  intended  to  be  used  entirely  for  the  treat- 
ment and  care  of  recoverable  patients.  Continuous  baths  with 
other  hydrotherapeutic  equipment  and  massage  tables  are  being 
provided,  so  that  nothing  will  be  left  undone  which  will  give 
tihe  patient  an  opportunity  to  make  a  recovery.  The  entire 
equipment  of  the  building,  with  few  exceptions,  has  been  manu- 
factured at  the  Ontario  Reformatory,  Guelph,  Ont. 

The  opening  of  this  building  was  made  the  opportunity  to 
hold  a  special  meeting  of  the  Leeds  and  Grenville  IMedical  As- 
sociation and  all  the  doctors  in  the  Eastern  Hos])it;il  District 
were  invited  to  attend  as  guests  of  the  Association  and 
the  Ontario  Government.  About  fifty  medical  men  responded 
to  the  invitation  and  sat  down  to  a  choice  luncheon,  provided  by 
the  hospital,  at  one  o'clock. 


122  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

After  the  inner  man  had  been  satisfied,  the  meeting  ad- 
journed to  one  of  the  spacious  verandas,  and  at  2.30  the  meet- 
ing was  called  to  order  by  Dr.  J.  C.  Mitchell,  Medical  Super- 
intendent of  the  Eastern  Hospital,  who  is  also  President  of 
the  Medical  Association. 

In  a  brief  address,  he  spoke  of  the  movements  leading  up  to 
the  erection  of  the  building.  He  said  the  idea  of  this  Reception 
Hospital  was  first  conceived  l).v  Dr.  J.  M.  Forster,  who  was 
Medical  Superintendent  of  the  Eastern  Hospital  for  six  months 
and  who  is  now  in  the  same  capacity  at  the  Hospital  for  the 
Insane  in  Toronto.  Dr.  Mitchell  then  gave  a  short  history  of 
the  hospital  and  spoke  of  the  great  interest  taken  in  it  by  the 
Honourable  W.  J.  Hanna,  Provincial  Secretary,  when  the  idea 
was  first  suggested  to  him.  This  gentleman  came  personally 
and  selected  the  site  for  the  building  ancl.  at  the  same  time, 
made  the  purchase  of  the  Hospital  Farm  which  has  proven  so 
successful.  He  also  referred  to  the  work  that  is  being  done 
in  the  other  Hospitals  for  the  Insane  in  the  Province,  and  of 
the  special  work  it  is  intended  shall  be  done  in  this  hospital. 
He  mentioned  particularly  that  only  those  cases  considered  as 
curable  would  be  admitted.  He  also  gave  a  short  sketch  of 
the  Leeds  and  Grenville  Medical  Association. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Association,  Dr.  F.  S.  Vrooman,  now 
Superintendent  of  the  new  Military  Hospital  in  Cobourg,  then 
read  the  minutes  of  the  inaugural  meeting  of  the  Association 
and  tendered  his  resignation  on  account  of  change  in  residence. 
The  meeting  elected  Dr.  M.  F.  D.  Graham.  Assistant  Physician 
of  the  Eastern  Hospital,  as  his  successor. 

Dr.  T.  F.  Robertson,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Revision  of  the  Tariff,  then  read  the  new  tariff  as  applying  to 
the  counties  of  Leeds  and  Grenville.  This  was  passed  unani- 
mously by  the  members  of  the  Association. 

S.  A.  i^rmstrong,  Esq..  Assistant  Provincial  Secretary,  was 
tihen  called  upon  and  gave  the  following  address : 

"  Perhaps  you  will  appreciate  my  feelings  appearing  be- 
fore you  as  the  sole  and  only  layman  at  this  Conference,  but  it 
gives  me  great  pleasure  to  be  able  to  express  to  you,  on  behalf 
of  the  Government,  its  appreciation  of  your  attendance  here. 


I 


Oct..  lOlG  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  123 

"It  is  the  policy  of  the  Government  to  encourage  confei-euces 
of  this  character  at  the  different  institutions  in  the  Province  in 
order  that  the  medical  men  may  be  given  an  opportunity  to 
judge  of  the  work  that  is  being  done  in  these  institutions.      This 
hospital,  which  is  being  opened  to-day,  is  a  splendid  example 
of  the  policy  of  the  Department  with  respect  to  the  hospital- 
ization  of   the   public   institutions    in   this    Province.      Public 
opinion  seems  to  be  that  a  patient  sent  to  an  hospital  for  the 
insane  is  sent  in  reality  to  a  house  of  detention  and  not  to  a 
hospital  for  treatment.    We  have  been  endeavoring  in  the  years 
past  to  correct  this  impression  in  order   that  no  stigma  mav 
attach  to  a  patient  admitted  to  an  institution.     To  this  end. 
the  Government  no  longer  uses  the  term  ''  Asylums."  but  our 
public   institutions   are  known   to-day   as   "  Hospitals   for   the 
Insane,"'    "  Hospital   for   Feeble-^Minded,"    and   "  Hospital   for 
Ej)ileptics,"  as  the  case  may  be.     In  addition  to  this,  legisla- 
tion has  been  passed  which  enables  a  patient  to  enter  a  hospital 
for  the  insane  as  a  voluntary  patient.     The  patient  may  make 
application  of  his  own  accord,  or  it  may  be  made  by  his  friends, 
instead  of  ihis  being  admitted  on  two  medical   certificates,   in 
the  usual  way. 

"  Legislation  has  also  been  passed  whereby  municipalities 
having  a  certain  population  may  have  a  Reception  Hospital 
for  the  treatment  of  mental  diseases.  The  cities  of  Toronto, 
Ottawa,  and  Hamilton,  I  believe,  come  under  this  class. 

•'*  The  magistrate  may  commit  to  this  hospital  for  obser- 
vation, the  medical  practitioner  may  also  make  arrangements 
for  the  voluntary  admission  of  a  patient,  or,  his  friends  may 
make  a])plication  for  him.  The  patient  is  held  there  for  a 
limited  time  and  if  his  symptoms  necessitate  it,  he  is  trans- 
ferred to  a  hospital  for  the  insane  in  the  usual  way.  If  not, 
he  is  discharged  as  "recovered"  without  having  entered  a 
hospital  for  the  insane. 

''  We  have  one  such  hospital  in  the  city  of  Torouto,  and.  the 
city  contril)uted  to  it  by  providing  the  building  and  equipment 
and  paying  $7.00  per  week  for  patients — the  Pi'o\iiice  assumes 
the  remainder  of  the  burden,  if  any. 

"  The  Reception  Hosjutal   which   \vc  have  opened   here  to- 


124  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

day  is  of  a  somewhat  different  character,  as  it  is  a  hospital  for 
the  admission  of  acute  cases  which  would  otherwise  be  sent  to 
a  hosjDital  for  insane  in  the  usual  way.  Chronic  cases  will  not 
be  received  here — only  acute  cases  who  will  profit  by  treatment. 
The  most  modern  plans  necessary  for  a  hospital  of  this  character 
have  been  adopted  in  its  erection. 

"  Trainino-  schools  for  nurses  have  been  established  through- 
out  the  Province,  and  all  nurses  who  enter  the  hospitals  for  the 
insane  must  take  the  training,  which  consists  of  a  three  years' 
course,  and  examinations  are  conducted  by  an  examining  board 
appointed  by  the  Provincial  Secretary.  Nurses  who  graduate 
from  these  training  schools  are  equal  in  training,  standing,  etc., 
to  those  graduating  from  the  general  hospitals  in  the  Province. 

"  In  connection  with  the  Military  Hospital  at  Orpington, 
England,  I  might  state  that  a  psychopathic  section  has  been 
opened  and  we  have  twenty  of  our  graduate  nurses  there  who 
were  chosen  from  the  public  institutions  of  this  Province.  They 
have  shown  up  well  in  comparison  with  nurses  from  other  hos- 
pitals and  I  am  sure  they  are  reflecting  credit  upon  the  training 
schools  and  upon  the  Province. 

'*At  Cobourg  we  have  established  a  Military  Hos])ital  for  the 
reception  of  cases  suffering  from  mental  and  shock  troubles. 
This  hospital  is  unique  in  the  fact  that  the  electric  baths,  hot 
air  cabinets  and  much  of  the  other  treatment  equipment  were 
manufactured  in  the  Province  of  Ontario  for  the  first  time.  We 
take  some  credit  for  this  because  of  the  fact  that  medical  men, 
architects,  hospital  su]ierintendents  and  others  have  always  been 
of  the  opinion  that  it  was  necessary  for  them  to  go  to  the  Tnited 
States  to  get  this  equipment,  but  it  has  been  satisfactorily  shown 
that  no  better  equipment  is  to  be  had  than  that  at  Cobourg.  I 
expect  that  this  hospital  will  reflect  some  credit  on  the  Province. 
Ours  W'as  the  only  Province  asked  to  contribute  such  a  hosjutal, 
which  goes  to  show  that  the  hospitals  for  the  insane  in  this  Pro- 
vince are  well  organized. 

"  The  President  has  requested  me  to  speak  of  the  new  hos- 
pital for  the  insane  at  Whitby.  In  order  that  you  have  any  idea 
of  this  hospital,  it  is  necessary  for  you  to  see  it,  no  words  of 
mine  can  adequately  describe  it  and  the  work  we  are  doing  there. 
It  has  been  the  aim  of  the  Government,  just  as  it  was  the  aim  of 


Oct.,  IDKi  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  125 

the  Government  in  the  constniction  of  the  lief orma tor v  at 
Gnelph,  to  have  the  hest  on  the  Continent  of  America,  or  any 
other  Continent,  and  in  that,  I  think,  we  are  succeeding-. 

"  The  President  has  also  asked  me  to  mention  the  cases 
that  are  being  received  in  the  Keception  Hospital.  Toronto. 
We  have  about  fifty  cases  per  month  and  discharge  as  cured 
approximately  50  per  cent.  The  remaining  50  per  cent,  mav, 
in  time,  be  cured  in  a  hospital  for  the  insane,  l)iit  the  actual 
discharges  as  cured  amount  to  about  50  per  cent. 

''T  realize  that  you  have  a  lot  of  business  to  transact,  and  will 
not  take  up  vour  time  further.  It  has  afforded  me  verv  o-reat 
pleasnre  to  be  here." 

Dr.  T.  L.  Chabot  then  gave  a  very  comprehensive  paper  on 
the  "  Importance  of  More  Attention  to  Surgical  Cases."  He  em- 
phasized the  fact  that  physicians  in  diagnosing  cases  should 
lay  greater  emphasis  on  the  family  history  of  patients,  includ- 
ing all  forms  of  mental  derangement.  He  spoke  very  strongly 
on  making  a  careful  and  accurate  diagnosis  or  each  and  every 
individual  case,  as  many  could  be  benefited  b"'  earlv  surgical 
interference. 

Drs.  D.  O.  Alguire  of  Cornwall.  Hon.  R.  F.  Preston,  M.P.P., 
of  Carleton  Place,  D.  AVallace  of  Kemi)tville;  I).  T.  Smith,  R. 
ISr.  Patterson,  A.  S.  McElrov  and  Major  J.  Fenton  Arffue,  of 
Ottaw^a,  discussed  the  paper  very  fully  and  in  a  most  interest- 
ing manner  and  spoke  in  the  highest  terms  of  the  points  which 
had  been  brought  out  so  clearly  by  the  talented  surgeon. 

Sir  James  Grant,  with  his  usual  eloquence,  gave  an  address 
on  the  benefits  to  be  derived  from  the  use  of  the  neurotone  in 
nervous  cases.  His  address  was  listened  to  with  the  deepest 
interest,  and  everyone  was  surprised  with  the  wonderful  vigor 
displayed  by  the  veteran  doctor. 

At  the  close  of  the  meeting,  the  guests  were  conducted 
through  the  hospital  and  the  various  equipment  and  methods 
of  treatment  used  in  nervous  and  mental  cases  were  exhibited. 

Everyone  went  away  expressing  themselves  delighted  with 
the  meeting  and  entertainment,  and  greatly  pleased  to  have  such 
a  hospital  placed  in  this  district. 


126  THE  HOSPITAJ.  WOKLD  Oct..  li»lC» 

THE  PRINCESS  PATRICIA  CANADIAN  RED 
CROSS  CONVALESCENT  HOSPITAL 


The  Canadian  Red  Cross  Association  are  e(jnipi»iiiu  a  new 
hospital  of  one  thonsand  beds  at  Ramsgate,  England,  at  an 
estimated  cost  of  one  hundred  thonsand  dollars.  It  is  to  be 
called  the  Princess  Patricia  Canadian  Red  Cross  Cdiivalcscciit 
Hospital,  and  the  beds  are  to  be  stibscribed  for  at  the  rate  of 
fifty  dollars  each.  It  is  intended  that  there  will  bo  a  tablet 
at  the  head  of  each  cot  oivinc  the  name  of  the  donor. 


THE    HOSPITALS    COMMISSION    REQUIRE 
FURTHER  SANATARIA 


There  were,  a  few  weeks  ago,  3P>1  returned  Canadian  soldiers 
under  treatment  for  ])nhiioiiary  disease  in  the  various  Saiiataria 
throughout  Canada  under  the  control  of  the  Dominion  Hos- 
pitals Comuiissioii.  About  ISO  moic  soldiers  retnrued  roeentlv 
to  Canada  who  have  contracted  lung  trouble  while  on  active 
service,  and  before  the  war  ends  it  is  expected  that  the  Com- 
mission will  liave  to  look  after  several  hundred  more  such  cases. 
In  order  to  jtrovide  for  the  care  of  these  men,  the  Hospitals 
Commission  are  very  anxious  to  hear  from  patriotic  citizens 
who  will  undertake  to  offer  them  the  use  of  buildino-s  suitable 
for  this  splendid  work.  Amongst  the  institutions  already  placed 
at  the  disposal  of  the  Commission  for  this  purpose  are  Deer 
Lodge,  Winnipeg,  ^fanitoba ;  Ogden  Hotel,  Calgary,  Alta. ; 
and  the  Haventide  Inn.  Ste.  Agathe,  Que.  We  trust  that  the 
need  for  further  luiildings  will  l)e  su]i])lied  without  delay. 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  A->\ 

Hospital  Items 


The  late  Mrs.  Martha  A.  Miller  has  left  $1,400,000  for  the 
establishment  of  a  hospital  for  the  poor  of  St.  Paul. 

Robert  Crozer,  of  Chester,  Pa.,  has  left  $100,000  for  a  hos- 
pital. 

Mrs.  T.  H.  Bnhl  has  donated  $50,000  to  Harper  Hospital, 
Detroit. 

Columbia  University  is  in  receipt  of  $100,000  from  Emil  C. 
Bnndv.  to  be  nsed  in  cancer  research. 

The  "Presbyterian."'  Xew  York,  has  been  left  $.^50,000 
by  Chas.  Harkness. 

John  McDonald,  of  Montieello,  la.,  has  left  $100,000  to 
be  nsed  in  constrnctin,"'  a  hospital  for  the  poor. 

Edwin  McClellan,  of  Cambridge,  l^ew  York,  will  bnild  a 
memorial  hospital  to  his  mother  to  cost  $150,000. 

Mrs.  Mary  Osborne  Graves  has  given  $25,000  for  a  hos])ita] 
at  Georgetown,  Kv. 

J^nrses  at  the  Alta  Bate  Sanitarinm,  Berkley.  California, 

had  $200  stolen  from  them  in    the   Xnrscs"  Home   l)y    a    snenk 
thief. 

Two  hnndred  Boston  physicians  are  proposing  to  bnild  a 
co-operative  hospital  at  Stonghton.  Members  of  the  Associa- 
tion pay  $10  ])er  year  which  will  entitle  them  to  hospiral  care. 

A  nurse  at  Fabrola  Hospital.  Oakland,  California,  bnrned 
a  patient  with  a  hot-water  bag.  The  patient  sned  the  hospital, 
but  lost  the  suit  because  the  nurse  was  a  ]n'ivate  nurse,  brought 
in  by  the  patient's  physician. 


128  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

Book  Revie\vs 


Physiological  Economy  in  Nutrition,  with  Special  Reference  to 
the  Minimal  Proteid  Requirement  of  the  Healthy  Man.  An 
Experimental  Study.  By  Russell  H.  Chitteistdex,  Ph.D., 
LL.D.,  Sc.D.,  Professor  of  Physiological  Ohemistrv  in  Yale 
University.  New  York:  Frederick  A.  Stokes  Company, 
1913. 

In  opening  his  epoch-making  volume,  the  anthor  refers  to 
the  work  of  Voit  on  the  subject  of  nutrition,  whioh  has  for 
a  good  many  years  been  considered  as  authoritative.  Chitten- 
den's experiments  have  resulted  in  a  new  standard  of  requisite 
proteid  intake. 

Experiments,  covering  months,  were  undertaken  with  a 
group  of  five  university  teachers,  thirteen  soldiers — both  groups 
of  varying  ages — and  of  eight  student  athletes  of  Yale. 

The  work  undertaken — that  of  measuring  the  intake  in  pro- 
teid, fats  and  carbohydrates  and  also  of  the  constituents  of  the 
fecal  and  urinary  excretions — was  one  that  required  great  care 
and  painstaking  effort.  The  students  of  physiological  chemis- 
try will  study  with  much  interest  the  scores  of  tabulated  re- 
sults ;  while  the  medical  fraternity  will  be  satisfied  with  noting 
the  conclusions  reached,  namely,  that  a  much  smaller  amount 
of  pro'teid  food  than  is  ordinarily  consumed  suffices  for  the 
daily  needs  of  the  body. 

While  Chittenden's  work  is  being  alreadv  utilized  bv  scien- 
title  medical  practitioners  in  their  hospital  work,  notably  in 
Boston,  Baltimore  and  New  York,  and  is  being  studied  with 
advantage  by  hospital  dietitians  generally,  its  wider  influence 
will  not  be  felt  until  its  principles  are  adopted  in  the  hotel,  the 
restaurant  and  the  ihome. 

The  influence  of  the  woA  of  Chittenden  is  being  felt 
thi'oughont  tlie  whole  of  America;  and  that  of  his  German  con- 
freres is  having  a  decidedly  practical  demonstration  in  Germany 
during  that  nation's  awful  crisis. 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  129 

Homans  AutonwhiJe  Ihuidhnol:  The  gasoline  motor  car,  with 
full  description  of  the  essential  parts  and  anxiliaries  and 
directions  for  its  manag'ement,  operation  and  care.  Bj  J. 
E.  Homans,  author  of  "  Self-Propelled  Vehicles,"  etc.  ISTew 
York,  Snlly  &  Kleinteich. 

Many  i^hysicians  arc  natural  mechanics.  To  them  this 
book  will  be  exceedingly  interesting.  To  the  balance  of  the  pro- 
fession who,  like  the  writer,  do  not  profess  to  understand  much 
about  an  engine,  and  when  their  car  stalls  leave  it  on  the  road, 
Mr.  Homans'  work  will  be  most  helpful  and  will  many  a  time 
save  the  employing  of  a  mechanic  at  eighty  cents  an  hour,  plus 
a  liberal  tip. 


Surgical  and  Gynecological  Nursing.  By  Edwaed  Mason 
Parker,  M.D.,  F.A.C.S.,  Surgeon  of  Providence  Hospital, 
Washington,  D.C.,  and  Scott  Dudley  Breckinridge, 
M.D.,  F.A.C.S.,  Gynecologist  to  Providence  Hospital, 
Washington,  D.O.  The  J.  B.  Lippencott  Co.,  Philad-elphia. 
Price,  $2.50. 

This  excellent  book  displays  a  serious  and  successful  effort  to 
put  a  vast  amount  of  important  information  to  nurses  into  a 
reasonable  compass.  The  work  properly  emphasizes  the  prim- 
ary factors  underlying  and  complicating  disease.  The  path- 
ology is  sound. 

The  chapter  on  observation  by  the  nurse  is  very  helpful, 
and  that  on  measures  to  make  the  patient  comfortable,  valu- 
able. Every  nurse  should  study  the  doctrines  of  Anoci- 
association  so  well  outlined  here.  The  chapter  on  instruments 
is  well  illustrated,  though  the  shiny  surfaces  do  not  show  up 
the  half  lig'hts  on  the  black  background  as  well  as  if  it  were 
white.  The  grouping  of  outfits  for  various  operations  iind  the 
l^lace  where  they  are  to  he  used  is  very  useful  to  the  operating- 
room  staff. 

I  think  future  editions  would  be  ini])roved  by  having  speci- 
ally important  details  in  heavy  typo  so  they  can  be  picked  out 
quickly.     The  omission  of  Obstetrics  as  one  of  the  branches 


130  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  Oct.,  191G 

of  the  surgical  specialties  is  obviously  a  slip.  Greater  stress 
should  be  laid  on  the  dangers  of  strong  mercurial  solutions, 
especially  as  douches,  and  caution  against  purgatives  in  per- 
ineorhaphy,  es])ecially  after  delivery.  The  details  of  \n-c- 
venting  the  tongue  falling  into  the  throat  in  a  patient  under 
anesthesia  returned  to  the  wards  are  inadequate,  nor  should 
sterile  instruments  be  handled  by  a  nurse  without  a  mask. 
These  few  errors  but  serve  to  contrast  the  general  splendid 
outlook  of  the  book. 


Lateral  Curvature  of  the  Sjnne  and  Round  Shoulders.  By 
EoBEKT  W.  LovETT,  Bostou.  Third  Edition.  P.  Blakis- 
ton's  Son  &  Co.,  Philadelphia. 

This  excellent  monograph  has  now  appeared  in  its  third 
edition,  and  the  reviewer  ventures  to  predict  that  it  will  go 
through  many  more  editions  before  it  is  replaced  by  anything 
better  in  English. 

The  features  of  the  new  edition  include  a  chapter  on  the 
history  of  scoliosis,  commencing  with  the  coining  of  the  word 
"  scoliosis  "  by  Hippocrates,  and  passing  througih  all  the  stages 
of  mechanical  and  gymnastic  treatments  of  the  various  eras. 
In  addition,  there  is  considerable  space  devoted  to  the  recent 
revival  of  the  forcible  corrective  treatment  advocated  by  Abbott. 

But  it  is  not  upon  new  features  that  Lovett's  work  depends 
for  its  quality.  From  a  scientific  standpoint  it  would  be  hard 
to  improve  upon  it.  The  chapters  on  the  anatomy  and  patho- 
logy constitute  the  most  authoritative  and  complete  exposition 
of  the  subject  in  English.  The  chapters  on  treatment  are  com- 
plete, and  while  presenting  most  fully  the  personal  views 
of  the  writer,  they  also  present  very  fairly  a  description  of  the 
methods  advocated  and  used  by  others. 

The  illustrations  are  excellent  and  abundant,  and  the  book 
comprising  over  two  hundred  pages,  is  a  credit  to  the  publishers. 


Oct.,  191G  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  131 

INTUSSUSCEPTION  * 


CLARENCE  L.  STARR^  M.B.^  TORONTO. 


Intestinal  obstruction  in  a  child  under  one  year  of  age  means 
in  nearly  all  instances  an  intussusception.  About  60  per  cent, 
of  all  cases  of  intussusception  admitted  into  any  large  clinic, 
such  as  the  Children's  Hospital,  die.  This  mortality  could  be 
easily  cut  in  half  with  the  careful  co-operation  of  the  practi- 
tioners who  see  these  cases  at  the  commencement  of  the  illness. 

The  average  time  of  admission  of  all  the  cases  of  this  sort 
during  the  past  15  years  has  been  57  hours,  nearly  two  and  one- 
half  days  after  the  onset  of  the  trouble. 

The  easiest  time  to  diagiiose  a  case  of  intussusception  is 
during  the  first  24  hours. 

Once  a  diagnosis  is  made,  no  other  treatment  should  be 
attempted  before  submitting  patient  for  opercttion,  as  it  has 
been  definitely  shown  that  no  other  method  of  treatment  is  of 
any  avail. 

The  rather  startling  facts  revealed  by  a  record  of  the  his- 
tories of  these  cases  during  a  period  covering  the  past  15  years 
is  the  basis  for  the  conclusions  drawn  in  this  paper. 

The  cases  number  46,  with  31  deaths  and  15  recoveries. 
The  earliest  case  admitted  was  three  hours  after  onset  of  symp- 
toms, and  the  rest  varied  up  to  eight  days.  The  average  time 
of  admission  of  the  entire  series  was  57  hours,  or  nearly  2% 
days  after  onset  of  symptoms. 

The  average  admission  time  of  the  fatal  cases  was  74  hours, 
or  a  little  over  three  days,  ^and  of  the  recovered  cases  32  hours, 
or  less  than  l^/^  days  after  onset. 

Etiology. 

This  condition  comes  on  in  apparently  healthy  children. 
In  our  series  30  were  males  and  16  females,  but  there  seems, 
no  reason  why  one  should  be  attacked  more  frequently  than 
the  other.  The  statistics  of  other  clinics,  however,  show  this  same 
frequency  in  males,  and  there  may  be  some  difference  in  the 

*Read  at  The  Ontario   Medical  Association,  Toronto,   June   1916. 


132  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  Oct.,  1916 

greater  laxity  of  the  mesentery  in  males.  In  no  case  wliioli 
came  to  autopsy  or  where  the  operation  would  disclose  the  fact, 
was  there  any  sign  of  polypus  growth  or  foreign  body.  It 
seems  reasonable  to  assume  that  these  might  be  the  caiu=al 
factor,  but,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  they  are  rarely  found. 

In  most  of  our  cases  there  was  a  history  of  intestinal  dis- 
turbance, either  marked  constipation  or  diarrhea.  These  con- 
ditions, producing  a  congestion  of  a  normally  lax  mucous  mem- 
brane, may  easily  be  the  starting  point  of  an  invagination, 
which  by  the  increased  vermicular  action  of  the  wall  readily 
becomes  increased. 

In  support  of  the  theory  that  intestinal  congestion,  especi- 
ally in  the  region  of  the  lower  ileum  where  the  Peyer's  patches 
lend  themselves  to  such  congestion,  is  a  large  factor  in  the 
etioloffv  is  the  fact  that  three-fourths  of  all  the  cases  occurred 
in  the  summer  months,  when  intestinal  infections  are  most 
frequent. 

Pathoi^ogy. 

The  intussusception  in  the  great  majority  of  cases  occurs 
at  the  ileocecal  region.  The  large  size  of  the  colon,  together 
with  the  greater  degree  of  congestion  from  the  swollen  Peyer's 
patches  and  the  great  looseness  of  the  mesentery  and  meso- 
colon, favors  the  possibility  of  telescoping  in  this  region. 

The  mucous  surface  invaginates  itself  through  the  ileo- 
cecal valve,  and  then  the  active  peristalsis  carries  this  knuckle 
on  into  the  ascending  colon. 

The  ensheathing  layer  remains  comparatively  unchanged, 
even  in  the  late  stages,  but  this  with  the  entering  and  returning 
layers  form  a  mass  which  is  the  characteristic  sausage-shaped 
tumor  so  often  found. 

The  mass  is  enlaro-ed  bv  congestion  and  edema  as  the  case 
progresses.  Between  the  entering  and  returning  layers  the 
mesentery  is  carried  in,  and  as  the  intussusception  advances 
the  mesentery  becomes  more  and  more  stretched  and  causes  the 
.intussuscepted  mass  to  curve  on  itself,  with  the  concavity  toward 
the  spine.  As  a  result  of  the  stretching  and  pressure  on  the 
vessels  of  the  mesentery,  the  circulation  to  the  intussusception  is 
gradually  impaired.  First  the  venous  return  is  obstructed  and 
engorgement  and  swelling  take  place,  an  exudate  forms  which 


Oct.,  191G  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  133 

tends  to  agglutinate  the  surfaces  between  the  entering  and 
returning  layers.  Blood  and  mucus  is  poured  out  -into  the 
canal,  and  this  is  later  passed  by  the  anus,  constituting  the 
stools  so  characteristic  of  this  affection. 

As  early  as  the  end  of  twenty-four  hours,  so  much  conges- 
tion and  agglutination  may  take  place  as  to  make  it  impossible 
to  separate  the  entering  and  returning  layers,  and  the  mass 
becomes  irreducible. 

The  longer  this  condition  persists,  \he  less  is  'the  prospect 
of  reducing  the  invagination. 

If  the  process  continues,  the  arterial  circulation  is  gradu- 
ally cut  off,  and  the  intussusception  becomes  gangrenous,  the 
part  becomes  invaded  with  bacterial  organisms  and  a  peritonitis 
ensues. 

In  some  cases  the  intussusception  has  been  known  to  slough 
off  and  pass  by  the  anus,  and  the  continuity  of  the  canal  be  thus 
re-established.  This  must  be  exceedingly  rare  and  has  not  yet 
happened  in  any  of  our  cases,  although  a  number  of  them  have 
not  been  admitted  until  the  seventh  or  eighth  aay  of  illness. 

Symptoms. 

The  sudden  onset  of  acute  symptoms  in  a  child  previously 
quite  healthy  is  characteristic.  The  first  clinical  symptom  is 
intense  pain  of  a  colicky  nature,  accompanied  by  signs  of  shock 
- — sometimes  amounting  almost  to  collapse — pallor,  cold,  clammy 
skin,  small  thready  pulse,  with  pinched  features.  Vomiting 
starts  at  once,  and  is  frequently  repeated,  but  even  in  the  late 
stage  rarely  becomes  fecal.  These  are  soon  followed  by  one, 
or  even* two,  normal  stools  and  within  a  couple  of  hours,  during 
which  time  the  pain  has  continued,  accompanied  by  persistent 
straining  or  tenesmus,  small  frequent  passages  of  blood-stained 
mucus  take  place.  At  this  stage  a  tumor  can  usually  be  felt  by 
palpation  in  the  region  of  the  hepatic  flexure  of  the- colon. 

If  the  case  is  left,  the  other  signs  of  intestinal  obstruction 
follow,  viz.,  gradually  increasing  distention  and  toxemia.  .  By 
the  end  of  4S  hours  the  symptoms  begin  to  be  covered  up  by 
the  increasing  distension  and  toxemia.  The  tumor  may  be 
masked  by  the  fullness  of  the  abdomen,  and  is  no  longer  palp- 
able.    In  some  instances  the  apex  of  the  intussusception  may 


134  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  Oct.,  1916 

have  progressed  so  far  on  its  vermicular  way  to  the  anus  that 
it  can  be  felt  by  the  finger  in  a  rectal  examination,  and  this 
should  never  be  omitted  in  any  suspected  case. 

The  increasing  toxemia  also  dulls  the  sensibility  of  the 
ohild  to  pain,  and  this  symptom  largely  disappears.  The  active 
straining  or  tenesmus  gives  way  to  a  repeated  series  of  grunts, 
not  unlike  the  respiratory  grunt  of  a  case  v^ith  pneumonia,  and 
the  patient  becomes  somnolent  and  apathetic. 

Diagnosis. 

In  a  child  under  two  years  of  age.  the  intensely  acute  onset, 
with  pain,  vomiting,  collapse,  one  or  two  fecal  stools,  followed 
by  straining  and  passage  of  blood  and  mucus,  and  possibly  a 
palpable  tumor,  are  characteristically  diagnostic  signs. 

An  acute  appendix  will  not  give  the  bloody  stools  or  tenes- 
mus, and  any  mass  which  forms  will  usually  be  later  and  found 
in  the  right  iliac  region,  whereas  in  the  tumor  of  intussuscep- 
tion, this  region  is  palpably  empty  and  the  mass  is  up  toward 
the  liver  or  across  the  abdomen  above  the  umbilicus. 

In  ileo-colitis  the  symptoms  are  more  gradual  in  onset,  and 
even  if  there  is  diarrhea  with  blood-stained  mucus  stools,  there 
is  always  some  fecal  content  and  always  bile  present,  whereas 
in  intussusception  no  bile  or  bowel  content  passes  after  the 
first  one  or  two  stools. 

With  reasonable  care  the  diagnosis  can  always  be  made 
within  the  first  twelve  hours,  and  with  difficultv  can  it  be  made 
in  the  late  stages,  as  the  signs  are  gradually  covered  up. 

Treatment. 

Hitherto  much  valuable  time  has  been  wasted  in  attempting 
methods  of  treatment  which  obviously,  from  the  nature  of  the 
condition,  will  be  unavailing. 

It  may  be  said  in  a  general  way  that  with  every  hour  which 
elapses  the  chances  of  the  child's  recovery  are  to  that  extent 
lessened ;  and  the  object  of  this  paper  is  largely  to  impress  the 
writer's  conviction  that  a  correct  diagnosis  should  be  made  at 
the  earliest  possible  moment,  and  at  that  time  the  child  sub- 
mitted for  operative  treatment. 

If  the  patient  is  seen  immediately  after  the  acute  onset  of 


Oct.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  135 

the  illness,  there  is  no  reason  why  an  effort  should  not  be  made 
to  disengage  the  telescoping  portion  of  the  intestine.  It  must 
be  recognized,  however,  that  this  is  only  possible  before  any 
congestion  and  consequent  edema  of  the  intussusceptum  has 
taken  place. 

The  writer  has  in  mind  one  distinct  case  where  the  child 
was  sent  in  within  an  hour  of  the  onset  of  symptoms,  and  there 
was  a  very  definite  mass  palpable  abov  3  the  right  iliac  region. 
Under  the  palpating  finger,  while  attempting  to  demonstrate  it 
to  a  class  of  students,  the  tumor  suddenly  disappeared  and  the 
other  symptoms  subsided.  This  same  child  came  in  later,  and 
similar  palliative  methods  were  tried,  but  without  avail.  The 
child  was  sent  to  the  operating  room,  and  under  an  anesthetic 
the  tumor  again  disappeared  by  manipulation.  So  far,  there 
has  not  been  a  recurrence  of  the  condition.  This  must  be  a 
very  exceptional  case,  but  it  demonstrates  that  within  the  first 
two  or  three  hours  after  the  onset  of  the  illness  it  may  be  pos- 
sil)le  to  undo  the  telescoping. 

The  methods  usually  suggested  are :  First,  the  inverting  of 
the  child,  raising  the  hips  high  and  almost  standing  the  child 
on  its  head ;  second,  the  injections,  per  rectum,  of  water  or 
salines.  The  old  method  of  injecting  metallic  mercury  is  hardly 
to  be  advocated.  In  the  same  way  the  distension  of  the  bowel 
with  gas  or  air  may  be  exceedingly  dangerous.  Again,  I  would 
like  to  emphasize  that  it  is  only  within  the  first  few  hours  that 
these  methods  sihould  be  attempted.  When  one  has  seen  a 
number  of  these  cases,  it  is  apparent  how  readily  the  bowel 
can  be  perforated  by  any  of  these  methods  if  adopted  at  other 
than  the  early  stage. 

If  the  patient  presents  itself  within  the  first  twenty-four 
hours,  and  in  some  instances  at  the  end  of  the  second  twenty- 
four  hours,  it  is  usually  possible  to  reduce  the  intussusception. 
An  incision  amply  long  to  admit  the  whole  hand  should  be  made 
in  the  right  rectus  about  the  level  of  the  umbilicus.  After 
opening  the  peritoneum,  the  abdomen  is  readily  explored  and 
the  mass  located,  usually  in  the  right  hypochondriac  region. 
This  mass,  if  possible,  is  brought  out  on  to  the  surface  of  the 
abdomen  without  removing  the  rest  of  the  intestines  from  the 
abdomen. 


136  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  Oct.,  1916 

The  reduction  must  be  made  with  the  utmost  care,  and 
should,  for  the  most  part,  be  squeezed  back  from  above.  Very 
little  traction  can  be  made  on  the  entering  bowel  without  the 
danger  of  tearing.  Once  the  reduction  is  started,  it  is  rapidly 
undone  back  to  the  last  inch  or  two,  and  this  must  be  patiently 
manipulated  until  it  is  completely  straightened  out. 

The  thickening  of  the  wall  from  congestion  and  edema  is 
usually  sufficient  to  prevent  recurrence  of  the  condition,  and  it 
is  rarely,  if  ever,  necessary  to  stitch  the  bowel  to  the  abdominal 
wall. 

In  case  of  failure  to  reduce  the  intussusception,  the  only 
thing  that  remains  is  to  do  a  rapid  re-section  of  the  invaginated 
mass,  and  either  bring  the  ends  out  of  the  abdominal  wall,  thus 
establishing  an  artificial  anus,  or  close  the  ends  and  do  a  lateral 
anastamosis. 

In  the  writer's  opinion,  the  only  re-section  which  offers 
hope  of  success  is  the  one  in  whicih  the  ensheathing  layer  is 
stitched  to  the  entering  layer  by  a  serous  to  serous  suture,  and 
then  a  longitudinal  slit  made  through  the  ensheathing  layer 
beyond  this,  the  intussusceptum  withdrawn  through  this  open- 
ing and  cut  across  close  to  the  point  where  it  turns  in.  A 
through  to  through  suture  may  be  put  through  all  of  these 
walls  to  strengthen  the  primary  suture,  and  the  longitudinal 
opening  in  the  ensheathing  layer  closed  by  an  ordinary  Lembert 
suture.  This  must  be  rapidly  done — and  the  time  element  is  a 
very  important  one  in  the  success  of  the  operation. 

Even  in  these  cases,  the  patients  frequently  die  of  toxemia, 
unless  some  method  can  be  devised  of  emptying  the  small  bowel 
above  the  telescoped  portion. 

If  the  patient's  condition  is  very  bad,  it  may  be  better  to  re- 
move the  mass  by  a  rapid  re-section  between  intestinal  clamps, 
and  then  bring  both  ends  out  on  the  wall  by  means  of  a  Paul 
tube. 

The  mortality  of  re-section  in  these  cases  is  extremely  high, 
and  every  case  in  our  series  of  this  character  ultimately  died. 

My  thanks  are  due  to  Dr.  E.  A.  McCowan,  of  the  interne 
staff  of  the  Hospital  for  Sick  Children,  for  the  details  of  the 
statistics  from  the  hospital  histories  of  the  past  fifteen  years. 


Oct.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


xvii 


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The  doctor  ii.  charge  of  our  Orthopedic  Depart- 
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xviii  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 


NEW  HOSPITAL  APPLIANCES,  ETC. 


The  Radiator  Humidifying  Pan 

The  attention  of  Hospital  Superintendents  is  called  to  the  page 
advt.  of  Wilson  Specialties,  33  Melinda  St.,  Toronto,  appear- 
ing on  page  v  of  this  issue.  This  firm  manufacture  The  Radi- 
ator Humidifying  Pan,  an  article  that  has  been  already  proven 
to  be  of  immense  service  in  institutions.  It  is  placed  on  the 
back  of  any  steam  or  hot-water  radiator,  is  filled  with  water 
and  soon  converts  the  dry,  vitiated  indoor  air  of  a  room  or 
corridor  into  a  moist,  healthful  atmosphere  that  nature  requires 
and  demands.  The  patients  will  at  once  feel  the  benefit  of 
the  change.  Superintendents  should  look  into  the  merits  of 
these  pans  and  give  them  a  trial.  They  are  quite  inexpensive. 
The  manufacturer's  phone  number  is  Adelaide  3089. 


The  Tarbox  Brand 

Institutions  will  bo  glad  to  learn  that  Tarbox  Bros.,  Toronto, 
are  manufacturing  a  full  line  of  Dry-Dusting  Mops,  which  are 
exceedingly  useful  around  large  buildings.  Many  people  real- 
ize too  late  the  injury  frequently  caused  to  waxed  floors  and 
woodwork  generally  by  the  use  of  dusting  mops  that  are  satu- 
rated with  non-drying  oils.  The  majority  of  polishing  oils  are 
composed  of  nearly  eighty  per  cent,  mineral  oil  and  are  after- 
wards scented  with  some  essential  oil,  that  not  only  smears 
and  stains  furnishings,  but  are  found  to  dissolve  and  remove 
the  floor  wax  and  thus  destroy  the  highly  polished  finish.  The 
use  of  such  mops  is  in  reality  a  mistake.  A  chemical  com- 
pound has  been  discovered,  which  on  being  introduced  into 
suitable  fabrics  jDroduces  a  dust  absorbent  that  is  much  more 
suitable  for  this  purpose  than  oil  and  is  not  greasy  and  will 
not  smear.  By  the  use  of  such  mops  the  dust  is  absorbed  or 
attached  to  the  fabric  and  held  there.  It  will  therefore  be  seen  ' 
that  these  mops  are  essentially  suitable  for  use  in  Hospitals, 
and  we  would  suggest  that  the  housekeeper  in  such  institutions 
get  into  touch  with  Tarbox  Bros.,  Toronto,  before  purchasing 
such  goods  elsewhere. 


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Oct.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XIX 


r 


The  cleanest,  most  convenient, 
most  effective  (from  a  thera- 
peutic standpoint)  method  of 
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■KU  UY  THE  DENVER  CH^f^jtSl 
NDUR  THE   FOOD  ANO  "'       T 
___3(^HK».     SERIAL  No.  J<; „— - 

•iii-JilEP^T  HiT  CTq^oH^Sf-^ 


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Directions: — Always  lieat 
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Needless  exposure  to  the 
air,  impairs  its  osmotic 
properties — on  which  its 
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I 


Scientific    because    successfull; 
Successful!    because    scientific. 


By  ordering  Antiphlogistine  in  full  and  original  pacl^ages  :  Small,  ^TliCedium, 
Large,  or  Hospital  Size,  "a  perfect  poultice"  is  assured. 


Physicians  should  WRITE  "Antiphlogistine"  to  AVOID  "substitutes.  " 

"There's  Only  One  Antiphlogistine.  " 

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XX  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

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Our  customers  are  assured  that  the  sale  of  our  properties 
and  interests  will  not  mean  the  loss  of  identity  or  individuality 
of  any  of  the  constituent  concerns.  Goods  will  be  billed  in 
the  names  of  the  separate  concerns  as  heretofore,  and  customers' 
preferences  for  the  product  of  any  particular  factory,  or  for 
any  particular  article  produced  by  any  individual  factory  will 
be  respected. 

ISTot  only  will  all  of  the  service  stations  and  sales  offices  of 
the  present  companies  be  maintained  but  others  will  be  added 
so  that  our  customers  will  receive  service  and  be  able  to  obtain 
parts  of  all  products  of  the  several  concerns  with  no  change  in 
present  policy. 

We  trust  your  relations  with  these  concerns  have  been 
pleasant  and  profitable,  and  we  request  that  yoiv  give  us,  as 
constituent  parts  of  "  Victor  Electric  Corporation,"  frequent 
opportunities  of  serving  you. 

Victor  Electric  CoMPAisrY^ 
Cor.  of  Jackson  Blvd.  and  Robey  St.,  Chicago,  111. 
110  East  23rd  Street,  l^ew  York. 

Scheidel-Western  X-ray  Co.^ 

Y37  West  Van  Buren  St.,  Chicago,  III 
110  East  23rd  Street,  New  York. 

MacalasteR;,  Wiggin  Company^ 
66  Broadway,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
164  West  Lake  St.,  Chicago,  111. 
110  East  23rd  Street,  New  York. 

Snook-Roentgen  Mfg.  Company^ 
1210  Race  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
110  East  23rd  Street,  New  York. 


Indispensable  in  a  Hospital 

The  fact  that  wool  differs  wholly  from  all  other  fabrics  often 
causes  it  to  fare  ill  in  the  wash.  '  Wool  is  made  up  of  fibres 
each  one  of  which  is  covered  with  scales,  like  fish  scales.  When 
you  rub  or  twist  woolens  in  washing  them  these  tiny  scales 
interlock,  the  fibres  draw  up  and  the  fabric  "mats."  Again, 
the  sensitiveness  of  wool  fabric  to  alkali,  change  of  temperature 
and  rubbins:  are  the  causes  of  shrinkage. 

Now  that  woolens'  are  becoming  so  very  expensive,  it  is 
worth  while  knowing  that  by  using  LUX,  a  preparation  com- 
posed of  tiny  flalres  of  the  purest  soap,  that  woolens,  blankets, 
underwear,  sweater  coats,  etc.,  can  be  washed  absolutely  clean 
without  rubbing  or  strain.     The  best  method  is  to  use  say  2  or  3 


Oct.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXI 


The  Largest  Hospitals 


Made 

in 
Canada 


have  proved 
fULLNETwHoMT 

^"  WAX 


Full 

Net 

Weight 


Saves  money  and  labor,  giving  best 
satisfaction. 

Especially  adapted  for  cork 
linoleum,  composition  and  hard- 
vv^ood  floors. 

Write  for  prices  and  one  pound 
tin  free  for  trial. 

Manufactured  by 

COOKE  &  BOULTON,  ^^|o''f^"o'nIo  ^ 


rZTZSSS5SSJBSEIBIESEJEIBrSJlEjr{\ 


For  the  prevention  and 
treatment  of 

PYORRHEA 

(RIGGS'    DISEASE) 

PYCRRHOCIDE  removes  mucoid 
deposits — retards  the  accumulation  of 
salivary  calculus  (tartar),  a  principal 
cause  of  Pyorrhea.  PYORRHOCIDE 
allays  :oft,  bLeding,  spong\),  receding 
gums.  When  habitually  used  as  a 
dentifrice  PYORRHOCIDE'S  tooth 
cleansinii'  and  tissue  healing  proper- 
ties demonstrate  its  value  as  a  pro- 
niottr  of  oral  health  and  its  efficiency 
as  an  agent  in  the  prevention  a  d  treat- 
ment of  PYORRHEA. 

ThE  DENTINOL  &  PYORRHOCIDE  CO.  Inc. 

110-112  West  40th  Street       -      -      New  York 


LrBIRIETSSBTBTETSSETSSZTSTSSSJ 


An  Energy  Producing  Food 


It  is  of  vital  importance  in  severe 
cases  of  marasmus  and  otlier  malnutri- 
tion disorders  in  infants,  that  the  food 
given  be  easily  and  completely  assimi- 
lated, supplying  at  the  same  time 
sufficient   Energy    and   Body  Heat. 


^ct<£    r3cr9''e^<>nf 


BRAND 


II  h«' 


CONDENSED 

MILK 

THt  ORIGINAL 

by  clinical  trial  in  these  usually  discourag- 
ing conditions  will  prove  its  value  pro- 
ducing prompt  gain — thereby  carrying  your 
little  patient  over  the  critical  period. 

Samples,  Analysis,  Feeding  Charts  in  any  language,  and  our 
52-page  book,,  ^'Baby's  Weljare,  "  mailed  upon  request. 

BORDEN  MILK  COMPANY,  Ltd.     -    Montreal 

"LEADERS  OF  QUALITY"  Kst.  l^.s^ 

Branch  Office  :  2  Arcade  Bldj.,  Vancouver,  B.C. 


ff^»o.^«K)^^().^^()i^^(>^B»()«l»(>^^()^^(t<^()^^()«^<>^^<>^"»t''^^<**^'>**"*"^^"'^^"*"*"'^'*'* 


n-«r»  <rr>('<t»>(t 


When  writing  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


xxii  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Oct.,  1916 

spoonfuls  of  LUX  to  the  gallon  of  hot  water.  Stir  this  about 
until  a  rich,  abundant,  creamy-like  lather  is  produced.  The 
woolens  are  placed  in  this  liquid  and  gently  stirred  about,  at 
first  with  a  stick  and  then  as  the  water  cools  the  hands  can  be 
employed  to  gently  lift  the  woolens  up  and  down  and  from  side 
to  side.  In  this  process  the  dirt  will  be  seen  to  run  out  as  the 
cleansing  power  of  LUX  is  much  greater  than  would  be  imag- 
ined, due  to  its  purity  and  the  fact  that  it  dissolves  com])letely 
in  hot  water.  After  rinsing  carefully  in  2  or  3  relays  of  fairly 
hot  water,  the  water  should  be  carefully  squeezed  out  and  the 
ffarments  hung  to  drv  when  thev  will  be  found  to  be  clean, 
fluffy  and  quite  new  in  appearance. 

LUX  is  obtainable  at  all  grocers,  10  cents  per  package,  and 
is  highly  recommended  for  washing  everything  calling  for  special 
care.     Made  bv  Lever  Brotheri^.  Limited,  Toronto. 


Absorbent  Cotton  for  the  Millions 

Over  eighteen  years  ago,  when  little  was  known  about  Absorb- 
ent Cotton,  and  when  its  uses  were  largely  confined  to  the  medi- 
cal profession,  the  ^laplewood  INIills  were  established  in  Fall 
River.  At  that  time  their  plant  was  quite  unpretentious,  but 
with  the  popularizing  of  Absorbent  Cotton  came  a  tremendous 
increase  in  demand,  and  the  Maplewood  Mills  had  to  grow 
correspondingly  until  they  now  are  the  largest  manufacturers 
of  these  goods  in  the  world,  producing  a  goodly  share  of  the 
total  quantity  of  Absorbent  Cotton  made  in  America. 

This  exceptional  success  has  been  achieved  by  sheer  merit. 
All  authorities  recognize  that  the  "  Excelsior  "  brand  produced 
bv  these  mills  fullv  measures  up  to  the  standard  required  bv 
the  U.  S.  P.  ' 


Dennisteel 

Hospitals  should  remember,  in  case  of  wishing  to  procure 
anything  in  steel,  to  write  to  The  Dennis  Wire  and  Iron  Works 
Co.,  Limited,  Loudon,  Ontario.  For  instance,  this  firm  manu- 
facture hospital  wardrobe  lockers,  material  cabinets,  steel  shelv- 
ing of  the  finest  make  and  finish,  and  at  prices  that  are  exceed- 
ingly reasonable  consistent  with  the  best  workmanship.  The 
Dennis  Wire  and  Iron  Works  have  equipped  some  of  the  best  and 
biggest  institutions  in  Canada  and  invariably  receive  repeat 
orders.  They  also  make  a  lawn  fence  that  materially  enhances 
the  appearance  of  institution  grounds,  the  fence  being  heavily 
galvanized,  rustproof  and  made  by  the  exclusive  Dennisteel 
method.  Let  the  Hospital  Superintendent  not  forget  that  if 
he  requires  anything  in  the  steel  line,  this  firm  can  fill  the  bill 
and  fill  it  well. 


Oct.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


XXlll 


Highest 
Grade 
Only 


GERHARD  HEINTZMAN 

GRAND  ) 

SELF-PLAYER    PIANOS 
UPRIGHT         j 

Edison  Diamond  Disc 
Phonographs 


Columbia  Grafonolas 


There  is  nothing  like  music  for  the  home — which  all  can 
enjoy.    What   better   than    music    for  the    convalescent? 

Write  for  our  complete  catalogue  of  Pianos  and  Phono- 
graphs.     Easy   terms    of    payment    on   any   instrument. 

Gerhard  Heintzman  Limited 


(Opp.  City  HaH) 


41  West  Queen  St.,  Toronto 


When  writing  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


XXIV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


Oct.,  1916 


92%  OF  THE  HOSPITALS 

WHO  FAVOR  US  WITH  THEIR  PATRONAGE,  BUY 

"ABSORBON" 

The  Lo-w-Priced  Absorbent  Cotton  of  Quality 

in  preference  to  other  brands,  because  it  is  better  value  at  the  price 
than  any  other  brand  on  this  market. 

Guaranteed  pure,  sterile — passes  through  the  same  50  different 
operations  as  oiir  higher  grades — sells  ior 
less  because  made  from  short  staple  cotton 
which  costs  less  than  long  fibre  cotton 
though  quality  is  identical. 

Investigate — A  postcard  brings  samples  and 
prices  to  your  desk. 

Mapiewood  Mills 

Largest  Manufacturers  in  the  World 
FALL    RIVER,    MASS. 


The  Thomson  Monument  Co.,  Limited 


862  DUPONT  STREET,  TORONTO 


PHONE  HILL.  3039 


Individual 

Designs 

Cheerfully 

Submitted 


When  writing  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


4jnwmjmf^ 


X-RAY  AND  HIGH  FREQUENCY 
1V/-V  A  APPARATITC 


APPARATUS 


;ician 
Hospital 


Interrupterless 
X«Ray  Transformer 


MEDAL  OF  HONOR 

Panama  Pacific  International 
Exposition 

San  Francisco         -         1915 


Model  "E" 
Portable  X-Riy 
and  High  Fre- 
quency Coil 


Highest  Award  to  X-Ra\)  and  High  Frequency  Apparatus 

CAMPBELL  ELECTRIC  COMPANY,  Lynn,  Mass, 

Sales  Agencies— Principal  Cities 


HOSPITAL  EFFICIENCY 

Heating  and  Ventilating  cannot  be 
made  an  entire  success  in  the  Hospital 
unless  the  efficient  "Are///i/%an "is  used. 

This  Fan  is  made  to  meet  the 
severest  requirements  of  operation, 
producing  a  constant  temperature  and 
varied  air  volume  according  to  your 
needs.  It  is  built  and  constructed  under 
the  latest  and  most  approved  plan  and 
in  addition  commends  itself  to  the 
economical  on  account  of  its  service 
and  durability. 

See  OUT  new  Catalogue  No.  55 

Sheldons  Limited,  Gait,  Ont. 

TORONTO  OFFICE,  609  KENT  BUILDING 

AGENTS  : 

Mesara.  Ross  &  Greig,  412  St.  James  St.,  Montreal,  Que. 

Me««r«.  Walkers  Ltd.,  261  Stanley  St.,  Winnipeg,  Man. 

Meaara.  Gorman,  CUncey  &  Grindley  Ltd.,  Calgary  and  Edmonton,  Alta. 

M«aara.  Robt    Hamilton  &  Co  ,  Ltd.,  Vancourer    B.C..  (Bank  of  Ottawa  Bldg.) 


Save  Money  ^ 


Save  money  and  raise  efficiency  at  the  same  time.  Correct  diagnosis 
is  the  keystone  of  Hospital  Efficiency.  Paragon  X-Ray  Plates  help 
wonderfully  in  making  correct  diagnosis,  because  of  their  speed, 
reliability,  and  perfect  results  in  contrasts  and  shadings.  Their  use  is  an 
economy  because  every  exposure  results  in  a  perfect  diagnostic  radiogram, 
saving  extra  exposures.     They  also  conserve  tubes. 


—- .  ') 


PARAGON 
-X-RAY- 
POINTERS 


THIS  IS  FREE 

Here  is  a  little  book  which  puts  in  the  reach  of  every  X-Ray 
operator  a  technic  that  eliminates  guesswork,  improves 
results,  saves  tubes  and  plates,  all  through  showing  how  to 
know  in  advance  of  exposure  just  what  time  and  what 
quantity   of   X-Ray   to  use  on  any  case  with  any  apparatus. 


iiiiiiiiiiiitiiii 


iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiniiiiiiiiiMitiii 


IIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIlllllllll 


^«%iiOiimili)ii////////////M^^^(^ 


SENT  FREE  ON  REQUEST 

"The  X-Ray  Bulletin"  fives  up-to-the-minute  information  of 
interest  to  the  Roentgenologist  and  his  assistant.  Send  us  the 
names  of  your  staff,  and  we  will  send  it  to 
them  regularly.  It  will  show  themeconomies. 

IIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIMIIIIIIIMIIIMIItltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Illlllltlllllltlllllllilllin 

Geo.  W.  Brady  &  Company 

773  S.  Western  Avenue,  CHICAGO 

Stock  carried  by  Ingram  &  Bell,  Limited,  Toronto 


X-RA^ 


^w//////iii'iii"iiiiMm^'9^\\\^'f^!S!m 


1 


PHILLIPS'  MILK  OF  MAGNESIA 

"  The  Perfect  Antacid*' 

For    Correcting    Hyperacid    Conditions — Local    or    Systemic.       Vehicle    for    Salicylate*. 

Iodides,   Balsams,   Etc. 
Of  Advantage   in   Neutralizing  the   Acid   of  Cows"  Milk   for   Infant   and  Invalid   Feeding. 


Phillips'  Phospho-Muriate 
of  Quinine  compound 

N on- Alcoholic   Tonic  and  Reconstructive 

With   Marked   Beneficial   Action   upon   the   Nervous   System.      To   be   relied   upon  \\  here 
a   deficiency   of   the   Phosphates   is   evident. 

THE  CHAS.  H.  PHILLIPS  CHEMICAL  CO. 

LONDON     •     NEW  YORK 

Canadian    Representatives  :    The   Wingate    Chemical    Co..  Ltd.,    545    Notre    Dame    W., 
Montreal,  who  will  be   pleased   to   send   samples   upon   request. 


31f^  ©ffirtal  ®rgan  nf  Q^l)t  Olana&tan  Ifnapttal  AaBnrtattDn 


..jjim^ 


hmm 


THE 


' «~;  t  f 


^     PEF? 
COPY 


HOSPITAL  WORLD 


,  s-'.-in*/ 


Vol.  X  (XXI) 


Toronto,  November,  1916 


-->.«. 


No.  5 


CONTENTS 


ESITORIAIiS. 

Page 
The    Hospital    and    the    Medical    Pro- 
fession        137 

Hospital    Employees     139 

ORIGINAi;    CONTRIBUTIONS. 

Effects  on  Progno-is  on  the  Manner 
of  Administration  of  Anesthetics. 
By   P.   E.   Doolittle,    M.D.,   Toronto.   142 

The  Worlv  of  the  Staff.  By  Patience 
Eiseniers    144 

The  Hospital  Prom  a  Patient's  Stand- 
point,    By  Patience  Eiseniers   ....    146 

Hospital  Eats.     By  Patience  Eiseniers    148 

SOCIETY    PROCEEDINGS. 

American    Hospital   Association    ....    151 


Page 

The  Operating  Room  Building  of  the 
Henry  Ford  Hospital.  By  John  N. 
E.  Brown,  Medical  Superintendent, 
He.iry  Ford  Hospital, Detroit,  Mich.    157 

Why   Nurses   Grow    Grey    161 

CANADIAN   HOSFITAI.S. 

The   Edith    Cavell    Memorial    163 

Opening     of     the     Spadina     Military 

Hospital    164 

Urges  Changes  in  Canadian  Military 

Hospitals    168 

A  Deaconess  Hc^pital  for  Toronto.  .    169 

WAR  HOSFITAI.S. 

Historic  Place  foi-  Maimed — Clarence 
House    a    Hospital     171 


,f^sr^9tr-^T 


rr^r 


Fellows^  Compound  Syrup 
of  Hypophosphites 

1866-1916 

Not  a  new-born  prodigy  or  an  untried 
experiment,  but  a  remedy  whose  useful- 
ness has  been  fully  demonstrated  during 
half  a  century  of  clinical  application. 

For  50  Years  The  Standard 

^    Syr.  Hypophos.  Comp.  FELLOWS' 

<  Cheap   and    Inefficient   SubstitutCB 
Preparations  "Just  as  Good" 


^Swiiir.*  •wart  *««»  T  W^*-*  « 


-'"-  --'^z  ^p?M4'.v/.rirs°eU°ir„f /,•  iv'fcisr.,°"Lrs-vi=.%ir  "^  "^  *"""• 


LISTERINE 


the  well-proven  and  time-tried  antiseptic  solution,  has  been  prescribed  by  the 
Medical  Profession  with  very  satisfactory  results  for  35  years  in  the  treat- 
ment of  Respiratory  Diseases  incident  to  Fall  and  Winter  climatic  conditions. 


LISTERINE 


one  part,  hot  water  three  parts,  is  a  useful  gargle  for  sore  throat.  In 
mucous  catarrhs,  Listerine,  suitably  diluted,  is  most  eiTectively  applied  by 
means  of  the  spray  apparatus  or  douche. 


LISTERINE 


is  not  only  a  vehicle  for  specially  indicated  alteratives,  resolvents  and 
astringents,  but  is  itself  an  efficient,  non-irritating  antiseptic  that  is  safe, 
pleasing  to  the  taste  and  promptly  effective. 

A  treatise  on    Respiratory   Diseases  will    be    forwarded    members   of   the   medical 
profession  on  request. 

LAMBERT  PHARMACAL  COMPANY 

TWENTY- FIRST   AND  LOCUST  STREETS,  ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 
66  GERRARD  STREET  E.,  TORONTO 


The  Medical  Profession 

Endorses  the  Wonderful 

Properties  of 


"THERMOGENE" 


8  Million  Packets  Sold  in  1914 


NOW    BEING  USED  BY  THE  RED  CROSS  SOCIETY  IN  BELGIUM. 

For  the  alleviation  of  pain  and  the  effecting  of  a  speedy  and  certain  cure  in  all  cases 
of  Rheumatism,  Bronchitis,  Lumbago,  Colds  on  the  Chest,  Sprains,  etc.,  etc., 
THERMOGENE  is  wonderfully  efficacious. 

THERMOGENE  is  a  curative  absorbent,  scientifically  medicated  and  prepared,  thus 
rendering  it  warming,  curative  and  pain-dispelling  in  its  effect. 

Ready  for  instant  application,  does  not  blister  and  can  be  worn  day  or  night  without 
the  slightest  discomfort. 

THERMOGENE  has  the  endorsement  of  the  highest  medical  authorities.  A  tree 
Package  will  be  sent  to  any  Doctor  on  request. 

THE  THERMOGENE  CO.,  LTD.,  Hayward's  Heath,  London,  Eng. 

Canadian  Afenti  :  HAROLD  F.  RITCHIE  &  CO.,  TORONTO 


Nov.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Ether  for  Anaesthesia 

HARTZ 

AN  ETHER  SPECIALLY  PREPARED 
AND  PURIFIED  FOR  ANAESTHESIA 

By  a  new  process  invented  by 
PROF.  G.  MICHAELIS 

This  new  process  enables  us  to  place  with  the 
Profession  an  Ether  far  superior  to  any  Ether  hereto- 
fore sold.  By  it,  impurities,  which  have  up  to  the 
present  been  found  in  small  quantities  in  the  best 
ethers,  have  been  entirely  eliminated. 

A  SIMPLE  TEST  MAY  BE  APPLIED  TO 
PROVE  THE  SUPERIORITY  OF  OUR  ETHER 

If  10-CC  of  our  Ether  be  shaken  with  1-CC  of  Nessler's 
reagent,  the  reagent  will  not  show  more  than  a  faint 
opalescence  ;  while  if  the  same  test  is  applied  to  other 
ethers  the  reagent  will  at  once  turn  dark,  due  to  the 
impurities  which  they  contain. 

We  Guarantee  the  Quality  of  Our  Ether 
and  Solicit   Your   Trial  Order 

SPECIAL  HOSPITAL  PRICES  FOR  QUANTITY 

THE  J.  F.  HARTZ  CO.,  LTD. 

Physicians*  and  Hospital  Supplies 

TORONTO  CANADA 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   Tlie   Hospital   World. 


11 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Xov.,  191(3 


Hospital  Superintendents 

should  instruct  their  Nurses  and  Domestics  to  use 

GILLETT'S  LYE 

for  disinfecting  sinks,  closets  and  drains.  It  is  also  ideal  for  the 
cleansing  of  urinals  and  bed  pans — in  fact  any  vessel  that  requires 
disinfecting.  Gillett's  Lye  should  always  be  used  for  scrubbing 
hospital  bath  tubs  and  operating  room  floors. 

For  cleansing  and  disinfecting.dissolve  one  teaspoonful  of  Gillett's 
Lye  in  two  gallons  of  water. 


^^U-ETri 


BEWARE  OF  IMITATIONS 


E.  W.  Gillett  Co.  Ltd. 

TORONTO,  ONT. 


^\i.LErri 


Winnipeg 


Montreal 


DOCTOR 

In  those  cases  where  it  is  so  necessary  that  the 
temperature  of  the  sick  room  be  kept  equable, 
you  will  be  consulting  the  best  interests  of  your 
patient  in  suggesting  that  they  have   installed  a 

Clark  Temperature  Booster 

It  can  be  readily  installed  on  any  Hot  Water 
Heating  System,  New  or  Old. 

It  will  increase  heat  with  no  additional  fuel 
consumption. 

It  will  hold  a  more  even  temperature  in  the  room.   It  is  low  in  cost.  Durable  in 
construction.   Cannot  wear  out  or  rust  out.      Fully  guaranteed.      Made  only  by 

W.  E.  Clark  Limited,  Toronto 

ALL  RELIABLE  STEAMFITTERS  HANDLE  IT 


:^®^: 


When   writing   advertisers,   please   mention   The   Hospital    World. 


Nov.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


111 


Exact  Knowledge  vs.  Guesswork 

Where  Do  You  Stand? 

All  Modern  Experience  Points  to  the  Absolute  Neces- 
sity of  Scientific  Treatment  of  Boiler  Feed  Waters 

Dearborn  Treatment,  by  its  remarkable  results,  has  convinced  the  industrial 
world  that  the  remedy  for  boiler  feed  water  troubles  lies  in  scientific  analysis  and 
special  treatment  for  each  individual  case. 

Dearborn  Treatment  is  to  ordinary  "boiler  compounds"  what  eminent,  scien- 
tific diagnosis  and  prescription  is  to  quack  nostrums  and  "cure-alls." 

Dearborn  Treatment  is  based  upon  an  expert,  scientific  analysis  of  a  sample  of 
the  boiler  feed  water  you  are  using.  The  analysis,  tests  and  compounding  of  the 
correct  remedy  are  conducted  in  the  largest,  most  modern  and  elaborately  equipped 
laboratories    and  manufacturing  plant  devoted   to  the  science  of  water  treatment 

in  existence. 

Dearborn  Treatment  gives  you  the  benefit  of  the  world's  largest  existing  fund 

of  data  and  experience  relating  to  water  treatment. 

Dearborn  Chemical  Company  of  Canada,  Limited 

General  Offices,  Laboratory  and  Works,  1220-1230  Dundas  St.,  Toronto,  Ont. 


ELECTRIC   CENTRIFUGES 


of  the 


I 


INTERNATIONAL    INSTRUMENT    COMPANY 

Are  used  in  the  Laboratories  of  the  Leading 

Hospitals   of   Canada   and   the   United   States 

23  Church  St.  Cambridge,    Mass. 

Send  for  Catalog  Ca. 


Kjeld 
tills 


ah 


1  Bo 

Sh 


ttle 
akers 


Minot 
Rotary 


Pa 
Mi 


raffin 
crotomes 


Electrically  Lighted 
Surgical  Instruments 


Modern  General  Diagnostic  Outfit 

This  Outfit  now  weighs  but  4H -pounds,  and  measures. 
3l4  X  7  X  15  inches,  making  it  very  convenient  to  carry.  The 
instruments  are  equipped  with  tungsten  lamps. 

Price  :  Case  with  battery  and  instruments,  complete, 
$40.00. 

The  more  brilliant  illumination  and  lower  temperature 
of  the  tungsten  lamps  with  which  they  arc  now  equipped, 
have  greatly  increased  the  usefulness  of  E.  S.  I.  Co.  instru- 
ments,  such  as 
Jackson  Bronchoscopes  and  Laryngeal  Specula 
Holmes  Nasopharyngoscopes 
Tultle  and  Lynch  Procto-Siffmoido$cope$ 
Braasch  Cystoscopes 
Koch,  Swinburne  and  Young  Urethroscopes,  etc 

Eighth  Edition  of  our  Catalogue  upon  request. 

ELECTRO  SURGICAL  INSTRUMENT  CO.,  Rochester,  N.V 


ir 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Xov..  19 10 


INVALID  STOUT 
For  Weak  Folks 


8 


0E1E10BXRENGTHENING 

nourishing  qualities,  com- 
bine  d  with  a  really 
acceptable  flavor,  make 

Dominion  Brewery's  Invalid  Stout 

the  ideal  beverage  for  convales- 
cents and  bilious  people.  It  is 
digestible  and  non-gassy. 

Order  at  any  of  the  dealers 

Dominion  Brewery  Co., 

LIMITED  -  .  TORONTO 


^nilllllllllMtlllMIIIIMIIItlltlMltlllMllt 


I  III  Mill  Mini  I  inn  Mil  I II II I  III  II  III  III  mil 


I  No.   106. 

I  Strong,  substantial,  heavily  silver- 

i  plated,  highly  polished. 

I 


•iniiiiiiiiiiiiMnininiMintinnii 


iinnninniiniininii 


PHYSICIANS  KNOW 


that  the  days  of  the  common  Drinking  Cup  are  passed 
and  gone.  One  of  the  marked  advances  in  Sanitation 
during  the  past  year  or  two  is  the  introduction  of  the 
Single  Service  Sanitary  Drinking  Cup  as  a  guarantee 
against  infection  from  many  types  of  Communicable 
Disease.  Not  only  Members  of  tne  Profession,  but 
all  Public  Institutions,  including  Hospitals,  should 
acquaint  themselves  with  the  merits  of 

The  Vortex  System 

which  dispenses  entirely  with  the  washing  and  steriliz- 
ing of  Glasses  and  Chinaware.  The  VORTEX  SYSTEM 
is  unquestionably  the  most  Sanitary  in  exis*ence  and  has 
already  the  endorsement  of  a  large  number  of  Health 
Authorities.  It  may  be  said  without  fear  of  contradic- 
tion that  it  meets  the  requirements  of  all  Sanitary  Laws 
in  reference  to  the  PREVENTION  of  THE  SPREAD 
OF  DISEASE. 

The  cups  are  made  of  pure  white  rice  paper,  paraf- 
fined, and  the  initial  cost  is  trifling.  Once  installed  in 
an  institution,  the  System  will  never  be  substituted. 
The  cups  are  made  for  either  hot  or  cold  drinks  and 
once  used  are  immediately  discarded. 

You  are  asked  to  write  for  particulars. 

Canadian 
Wm.   A.  Rogers  Limited 

570  King  Street  West    -     -    Toronto 


When  writing  advertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Xov..  I'.nri 


THE   HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Hospital 

Superintendents 

Know 

that  nothing  is  so  detrimental  to  the 
health  of  patients  as  the  lack  of  the 
normal  percentage  of  moisture  in  the 
air  they  breathe.  How  often  it  has  been 
demonstrated  beyond  question  that  the 
moment  the  air  of  the  sleeping  room 
becomes  too  dry,  just  so  soon  will  the 
inmate  of  that  room  suffer  from  sore 
throat,  headache,  sleeplessness  and  gen- 
eral malaise,  a  condition  that  is  at  once 
changed  on  returning  to  normal  con- 
ditions. The  attention  of  Hospitals,  therefore,  is 
particularly  called  to 

The  Radiator  Humidifying  Pan 


(ORMSBY  PATENT) 


This  is  a  strongly  made  metal  device  so 
shaped  that  it  snugly  fits  any  standard 
steam  or  hot  water  radiator,  out  of  sight, 
between  the  radiator  and  the  wall.  This 
pan  is  filled  with  water,  which  evaporates 
very  rapidly,  converting  the  air  of  the 
room  or  corridor  into  moist,  wholesome, 
healthful  atmosphere  that  Nature's  good 
health  demands.  This  is  the  very  thing 
needed  in  all  Institutions,  not  only  Hos- 
pitals, but  Asylums,  Sanatoria,  arid 
Public  Charitable  Institutions  as  well. 
One  Radiator  Humidifying  Pan  to  each 
steam  or  hot  water  Radiator  gives  ample 
humidity  to  any  room. 
The  first  cost  is  the  only  cost,  and  they 
will  last  a  lifetime. 

$1.30  each. 

Superintendents  should  at  once  look  into 
the  merits  of  this  device.  Full  particulars 
can  be  oDtained  from 

Wilson  Specialties 

33  Melinda  Street,  Toronto 

Manchester  Building  :. 

Phone  Adehiide  3089  ' 

Many    Insurance     Companies,    Banks, 

and    other   Institutions    have    installed 

these  Radiator  HumiUifyintr  Pans. 


When  writing  advertisers,  please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


VI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Nov.,  1916 


r 


ROLLING 

RECLINING 

AND  CARRYING 

VS/RITE     FOR 

G  R  AD  E^C'C'^"^^^^^^^ 
CONTAINING 

FULL  LINE 

^^ 
_     ■fO^'^JP 

GENDRONMFG.CO.    Can^ 

LIMITE.D- 


COWAN'S  COCOA 

IS  ABSOLUTELY  PURE 


As  a  sick-room  beverage 
Cowan's  Cocoa  is  highly 
recommended  on  account 
of  its  high  quality  and 
absolute  purity.  It  is  made 
of  the  best  selected  cocoa 
beans,  scientifically  blend- 
ed, and  contains  no  for- 
eign elements.  And  it  is 
prepared  in  a  large  modern 
factory  where  the  most 
sanitary  conditions  are 
maintained. 


THE  COWAN  CO.,  LIMITED 

TORONTO 


TF  you  are  particular  about  true  quality  as  distinguished 
-^  from  mere  contrast,  you  will  use 

SEED  X-RAY  PLATES 

They  have  no  rival  at  showing  the  separation  of  the 
most  delicate  tissue  densities  which  are  lost  in  a  plate 
of  extreme  contrast. 

They  have  adequate  speed  and  density  —  brilliance. 
Because  they  are  Canadian-made  they  cost  you  less  than 
imported  brands,  and  they  are  identical  with  the  plate 
that  has  won  the  lead  in  the  United  States. 

Write  us  for  new  Hydrochinon  formula. 
Your  supply  house  can  furnish  the  plates. 

CANADIAN  KODAK  CO.,  Limited 


TORONTO 


CANADA 


Wh©n  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  Tiie  Hospital  World. 


^o\\,  ItllO 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Vll 


AN  ODORLESS  HOSPITAL 

The  particular  attention  of  Hospital  Superintendents  is  called  to 

ROSEALENE  Odorless  Disinfectant 

It  is  an  ideal  preparation  for  use  in  Institutions  or  the  private  sick   room,  as  will  he  seen  from  the 

following  letter  received  by  the  manufacturers  : 

DEPARTMENT  OF    HEALTH 
Chas.  J.    Hastings,  M.D.,  Medical  Officer  of  Health 

RIVERDALE    ISOLATION    HOSPITAL 
M.  B.  Whyte,  B.A.,  M.B.,  Medical  Superintendent 

Roseahne   Product!  Limited,   City.  TORONTO,  July  7tli,   1916. 

GENTLEMEN  : 

It  affords  me  pleasure  to  testify  to  the  value  of  Roseaiene  as  a  deodorant,  particularly  for  Hospital 
use.  I  have  used  Roseaiene  -with  success  as  a  deodorant  ^vKere  other  disinfectants  have  not  proved  satis- 
factory. For  bathrooms  and  bathroom  utensils,  sinks,  etc.,  -t  is  ideal,  having  the  advantage  of  being 
odorless  and  perfectly  harmless,  as  well  as  most  effective.  Yours  truly, 

KATE  MATHIESON,  Supt.  of  Nunc. 
ROSEALENE  is  not  only  absoEutely  odorless,  but  stainless. 

Roseaiene  Odorless  Disinfectant  will  keep  an  odor  suppressed  twenty  times  as  long  as 
the  old  Coal  Tar  Disinfectant,  with  its  obnoxious  odor,  hence  the  saving  of  disinfectant  and  labor. 
Roseaiene  Odorless  Disinfectant  will  keep  the  odor  from  an  ordinary  toilet  suppressed 
for  twenty-four  hours  or  longer,  w^hile  the  coal  tar  disinfectant  destroys  the  odor  only  about  one 
hour,  -when  the  odor  of  the  toilet  and  the  coal  tar  disinfectant  are  both  to  be  contended  w^ith  as 
separate  odors,  proving  lack  of  efficiency. 

We  are  ready  and  willing  to  supply  any  Hospital  with  more  than  sufficient  ROSEALENE  to 
thoroughly  test  it  and  unless  it  is,  in  every  >vay,  as  represented,  -we  expect  no  sale.  Under  such 
circumstances,  is  it  not  worthy  of  a  trial? 

ROSEALENE  PRODUCTS   LIMITED  V^oRONT^ociNlDA 

Telephone  Adelaide  3659 


CEND  your  Christmas 
^  parcels  for  overseas 
early  this  year — there'll 
be  a  rush  later. 

To  give  a  lot  of  pleasure, 
include 

Adams' 

Tutti  Frutti 

Gum 

A  box  holds  five  different 
flavors,  securely  wrapped. 
This  is  good  to  remember 
and  to  suggest  to  your  friends. 


PHYSICIANS    PREFER 


GLOSS 


FLAT 
WHITE   ENAMEL 

SANITARY 

WASHABLE 

• DUSTPROOF 


ARTISTIC 

Will  Not   Turn  Yellow 

Elastica  '^'^^  Perfect  Floor  Finish 
-  Send    for    Sample  Paper 


i-mw 


fiWA 


MK1I 


e 


TORONTO 


ONTARIO 


When   writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


nil 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


Xov.,  1910 


The  Alexandra 

University  Avenue 
TORONTO 

Offers  many  advantages  in 
its  unequalled  location,  ex- 
cellent cuisine,  quietness  and 
solid  comfort.  The  accom- 
modation offered  ranges  from 
one  Bedroom  with  Bath  to 
Suites  of  one  and  two  Bed- 
rooms with  Bath  and  Parlor 

For  further  information  write  the  Manager 

The  Alexandra  • 

University  Avenue 
TORONTO 


A  Strictly 
Sanitary  Laundry 

Two  of  our  strong  points  are: 

1st.  We  will  not  accept  laundry 
from  any  place  where  there 
is  contagious  disease. 

2nd.  Our  prompt  delivery. 

Ever  go  to  dress  and  find 
that  CLEAN  LINEN  you 
counted    on    hadn't    come  ? 

No  trouble  like  that  with 
the  Yorkville  Laundry 
Prompt  delivery  is  an  ab- 
solute     rule     with     us. 

Yorkville  Laundry 

45  Elm  St.,  Toronto       Phone  M.  1589 


. 


RETAIL  PRICES 

No.  1-$1.50,  No.  2-$2 
Quantities- 


This  is  the  most  efifec- 
tive  style  for  Institu- 
tional uses.  The  fabric 
spreads  in  use,  No.  1 
to  19",  No.  2  to  23". 
Every  trial  results  in 
repeat  orders. 


Floor-Polisher 


DUSTING 


MOP 


CHEMICALLY  TREATED 

Two  Sizes 

No.  1—10" 
No.  2— 14" 

Head 
(Blocks) 


Address — 


TARBOX  BROS. 

Rear  274  Dundas  St., TORONTO 

When  writing-  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


^^;)\-.,  r,»ii; 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


IX 


A  Reliable  Disinfectant 

Piatt  s  Cnloriaes  has  a  record  of 
over  thirty-six  years,  and  has  tlie 
endorsement  or  tKe  medical  pro- 
fession. 

A  powerful  disinfectant  and  de- 
odorant wnicn  destroys  germs  and 
bad  odors. 

Is  absolutely  Odorless  and  does 
not   cover   one    odor   witli  another. 

T^latt's 
i^hlorides 

Tl\G    Odoi^lGss 
lDisjTirGc-tan.-b 

Two  Sizes — 25c.  and  50c. 

Sola  every"«'liere. 

Write  for  booklet  to  the  manufacturer 

HENRY  B.  PLATT,  51  Cliff  St. 

NEW  YORK  CITY 


A  Pleased  Patient 

is  a  sure  result  whenever  or 
wherever  PLUTO  WATER 
has  been  recommended  for  con- 
stipation, obstinate  gastro-intes- 
tinal  disturbances  and  dyspepsia. 

The  Evidence 

consists     of     thou- 
sands  of    patients 
who  have   enjoyed 
the    remarkably 
beneficial    results 
from  a  therapeutic 
imen  including  the  daily   use 
of'PLUTO  WATER. 
Samples,   clinical   data,   and  m- 
teresting  literature  describing  the 
hygienic   methods   employed    in 
bottling  PLUTO  WATER 
mailed  on  request. 

PLUTO 

BottleJ  by  tKe  FRENCH  LICK  SPRINGS  HOTEL  CO. 

French   Lick,  Indiana 


LIABILITY  of 


PHYSICIANS,  SURGEONS,  DENTISTS 
and  DRUGGISTS 

LIABILITY  on  account  of 

Automobile  Accidents 

involving    injury    to    PERSONS    or    PROPERTY    (includinp:    Owner's) 

INSURANCE   for   LOSS   OF   INCOME 
by  reason  of  ACCIDENT  and  SICKNESS 


UNDERTAKEN    BY 

The  General  Accident  Assurance  Company  of  Canada 

Continental  Life  Building,  Toronto,  Ontario 
Represented  in  all  important  parts  of  Canada.  Enquiries  respectfully  solicited 

JOHN  J.  DURANCE,  Manager 


When   writing  advertisers,   please   mention   The   Hospital   World. 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


:N'ov.,  1916 


Canada 

Has 

No 

Pure 

Bedding 

Laws: 

We 

Have" 


HOSPITAL    EQUIPMENT     when  in  the  market    for    beds,  mattresses  or 

— kindred    hospital  equipment,   ask  us  to  quote 

prices.  Many  Canadian  hospitals  use  Alaska  beds  and  Ostermoor  mattresses. 

,gj^^^^  THE  PARKHILL  MANUFACTURING  CO.,  Limited 

fJ^^gSE3|      Successors  to  The  Alaska  Feather  &  Down  Co.,  Limited 


WINNIPEG 


MONTREAL 


VANCOUVER 


GERMICIDAL  SOAP 

For  Hospital  use,  the  Soap  par  excellence. 

For  preparing  antiseptic  solutions  (no  weighing,    measuring 

or  waste). 
For  sterilizing  hands,  instruments  and  site  of  operation. 
For  cleansing  wounds  (bruises,  abrasions,  ulcers,  etc.). 
For  disinfecting  surface  lesions. 
For  lubricating  sounds  and  specula.     It  does  not  affect  nickel 

or  steel  instruments,  but  acts  on  silver  or  aluminum. 

Germicidal  Soap  lends  itself  to  a  hundred  uses  in  the  Hospital. 
Our  word  and  reputation  are  back  of  its  worth. 

Sample  with  descripthe  literature  sent  on  request. 

PARKE,    DAVIS   CS,   CO. 

WALKERVILLE  ONTARIO 

Eastern  Depot — 118  St.  Paul  Street  W.,  Montreal,  Quebec. 


When  writing  advertisers,   please   merit'on   The   Hospital   World. 


Nov.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


XI 


Rennet  Ferment  in  its 
Purest  Form 

Physicians,  nurses  and  those  in  charge  of  hospitals, 
sanitariums, etc.,  were  quick  to  recognizethc  value 
of  Junket  for  the  sick  and  convalescsnt,  because  of 
its  being  rennet  ferment  of  absolutely  uniform 
purity  and  in  a  definite  quantity  of  known 
strength.  -_  ^  ^ 

Junket 

^^    MADE   \A/ITH     MILK 


is  a  food  digestible  even  in 
cases  where  raw  milk  is  not. 
The  rennet  action  in  coagu- 
lating the  milk  makes  it 
less  susceptible  to  injurious 
effects  of  acids,  such  as  fruit 
juices,  etc.  It  is  an  ideal 
food,  especially  for  chil- 
dren, and  most  palatable  in 
any  one  of  many  forms. 

Sold  by  grocers  and  druggists  or 
direct  by  us  to  tbe  profession  at 
75c.  per  100  tablets. 

Send  for  interesting  treatise, 
"Junket  in  Dietetics,"  and  free 
sample. 

CHR.HANSEN'S 
LABORATORY 

Helen  St..  Little  Falls.  N.Y. 

Illiiilllilllllllliillllllllllllllllllllllllillli 


■■I 


Physicians  With 
Autos — Attention! 

HOSPITAL  FOR 
AUTO  TOPS 

Your  auto  top  is  as  essential  in  bad 
weather  as  your  top  coat. 

If  it  is  leaky  or  shabby,  we  repair  it — 
WATERPROOF  it  and  guarantee  it  not 
to  leak,  rot  or  mildew  ;  you  can  put  it 
down  directly  after  a  shower.  If  it  is 
new  we  PRESERVE   it  indefinitely. 

^'^e  replace  broken  celluloid,  repair 
envelopes,  side  curtains,  etc. 

Old  tops  made  good  and  serviceable. 

The    T.    Hopkins    Auto    Top 
Renew  Company 

200  Gerrard  Street  East 
(Cor.  Sherbourne) 
Office 
M.  4426 


TORONTO 


Res. 

N.3162 


Tke  Soap 
for  health 


Better  to  be 

safe  than 

sorry — 

^7ash  with 

LIFEBUOY 
SOAP 

ITS  choice  oils 
give  a  smooth 
velvety  lather 
that  soothes  while 
it  cleanses  the  skin 
— Its  mild  carbolic 
solution  means  no 
germs.  The  odor 
does  not  cling,  but 
vanishes  a  few 
seconds  after  use. 

Grocers  sell  Lifebuoy 
Health    Soap 


lbl4 


> 


o=^  ^^^ 


..^^' 


^ 


S7a^' 


Wl 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  Tiie  Hospital  World. 


Xll 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Xov.,  1916 


To  Lysol  Buyers 


THE  attention  of  the  Hospitals  is  respectfully 
called  to  this  FACT,  that  when  in  need 
of  the  above  they  can  procure  an  article 
identical  to  Lysol,  under  the  name  of  "  Solyol," 
which  is  manufactured  in  Canada  and  is  guaranteed 
by  Bacteriological  and  all  other  tests  to  be  identical 
to   Lysol. 

They  also  manufacture  Polusterine,  the  only  non-poisonous 
disinfectant  on  the  market  with  the  same  Rydal  Walker  co- 
efficient as  the  above.  This  is  a  medicinal  article  prepared 
from  the  essential  oil  of  the  pine  (Pinus  Palustris)  with 
Eucalyptol,  Oil  of  Thyme,  etc.;  is  miscible  in  water  to  any 
strength  desired  and  has  the  pleasant  odor  of  the  pine.  Will 
dry  up  Poison  Ivy  and  Scaly  Eczema  in  from  four  to  eight 
days.  Contains  neither  Soap  nor  Rosin.  Ideal  for  bathing 
patients  recovering  from  contagious  diseases. 

SAMPLES  AND  LITERATURE  WILL  CHEERFULLY 
BE    FURNISHED    ON    APPLICATION    TO  THE 

POLUSTERINE   PRODUCTS  CO.  OF  CANADA 

Toronto,  Ont. 


IHEADQUARTERS    FOR 

OFFICERS'  KHAKI  UNIFORMSl 
AND  EQUIPMENT  FOR 
ARMY    MEDICAL    CORPS. 

WARRANTED  Correct  in  Design  and  Fit  at  Reasonable  Prices] 


DOCTOR'S  HOSPITAL  SUITS 
HOSPITAL  LINEN 


THE      MILLER     MANUFACTURING,     LIMITED, 

44-46     YORK     STREET  -  .-  TORONTO,     ONTARIO 

Uniform  Contractors  to  the  Dominion  and  Imperial  Governments. 

When  Enquiring  be  sure  to  Specify  what  you  are  Particularly  Interested'in. 


When   writins   advertisers,    please   mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Nov.,  1010 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOIUJ) 


Xll; 


Ingram 

& 

Bell 

LIM  ITED 

TORONTO 

Our  Sundry  Catalog 
awaitsyour  request 

H 

ospitai  Supplies 

Sole  Ajs;e?ifs  for 

BRAMHALL  DEANE 

HIGH  PRESSURE  STERILIZERS 

WAPPLER  TRANSFORMERS 

HIGH  FREQUENCY  APPARATUS 

Our  Specialties  : 

Manufacturers  of 

HYPODERMIC  TABLETS 

COMPRESSED  TABLETS 

ELIXIRS,  OINTMENTS,  Etc. 

FULL  LINE  OF  DRUGS 

A  postal  requesting  quotations  will  receive 
immediate  attention. 

La  Deesse 
Corsets 

Excel  in  Style 

Comfort 

Satisfaction 


Try  them  and  be 
convinced. 


^ASTROGEI 
TABLETS 

Correct 


Sample  On  Kequest 

Bristol' Myers  Co. 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


TABLETS 


Eoaaai 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  Tlie  Hospital  World. 


XIV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Nov.,  1916 


CALYDOR    SANATORIUM    ON    LAKE    MUSKOKA 

Dr.  C.  D.  PARFITT,  Medical  Director. 


A  new  and  especially  constructed  sanatorium  for  the  treatment  of  tuberculosis  in  a  climate 
that  is  fine,  sunny  and  invigorating  both  summer  and  winter.  W^ith  the  facilities  afforded 
the  out-of-door  life  in  winter  will  be  found  entirely  agreeable  as  well  as  highly  beneficial. 

Accommodation  for  twenty-one  patients.  Convenience  and  comfort  most  carefully 
studied.  Every  room  has  private  sleeping  porch  to  whicli  bed  may  be  readily  rolled  through 
French  windows.  Several  pairs  of  rooms  en  suite,  with  bath.  Elevator.  Excellent  heatine 
system. 

Efficient   nursing   service.      Thoroughly   modern  laboratory  and  X-ray  room. 

Particular  attention  given  laryngeal  cases.  Collapse  of  the  lung,  tuberculin  and 
specially    prepared    vaccines    used    when    indicated. 

Moderate  Bates.  Dr.  D.  W.  Crombie,  Resident.  Physician. 

Tor  information  address:  Calydor  Sanatorium  Limited,  Gravenhurst,  Ontario,  Canada. 


Prominent  physicians  and 
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its  entire  sur- 
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The  Marvel  Company 
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When   writing  advertisers,    please   mention   Tl:e   Hospital    World. 


Nov.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


XV 


ARTIFICIAL    EYE    AID 

If  it  were  not  for  the  Eyeglass,  the  Spectacle 
and  the  combination  of  lenses,  Scientists  and  the 
world  would  be  laboring  in  darkness. 

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We   Manufacture  METAL   LOCKERS  and   HOSPITAL   TABLES 


Metal   Garages 
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in  view  of  the  need  by  Physicians 
of  a  suitable  Watertight  Building  for 
their  Cars,  the  Profession  should 
remember  that  I  make  a  specialty  of 
Metal  Clad  Garages,  the  equal  of 
which,  at  the  price,  cannot  be  found 
anywhere  in  Canada.  These  build- 
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JAMES  GOW 

Sheet  Metal  Worker 

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For  Hospital  Sun  Rooms 

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XVI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Xov.,  1916 


WHEN  ORDERING 

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(Incorporating  The  Journal  of  Preventive  Medicine  and   Sociology) 

©ornnto,  Olanaba 

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Public    Charitable    Institutions     throughout    the    British     Empire. 


lEbitnra  : 


3fin&nct " 


C.J.  CO.  HASTINGS,  Medical  Health 
Officer,  City  of  Toronto;  HELEN  MAC- 
MURCHY.  B.A.,  M.D.,  Assistant  Inspector 
of  Hospitals,  Province  of  Ontario  ;  and  MR. 
CONRAD  THIES.  late  Secy.,  Royal  Free 
Hospital.     London.    England. 

A;ipUaHrpa  " 

N.  A.  POWELL.  M.D..  CM.,  Senior 
Assistant  Surgeon  in  charge  Shields"  Emerg- 
ency Hospital.  Professor  Medical  Jurisprudence, 
Medical  Department.  University  of  Toronto. 

Mebitint " 
J.   W.    S.    McCULLOUGH.    M.D..  Chief 

Officer  oi  Health  for  the  Province  of  Ontario. 

J.  H.  ELLIOTT.  M.p..  Asst.  Medicine  and 
Clinical  Medicine,  Univ.  of  Toronto. 

p.  H.  BRYCE.  M.D.,  Chief  Medical  Officer. 
Dept.  of  The  Interior,  Otta^^-a. 


"  Nuraittg  Sppartment  " 

MISS  MARGARET  CONROY.  Boston 
Mass. 

"  ?l^aBV>ttal  (Cnnatrurltan  " 

CHRISTIAN  R.  HOLMES.  M.D..  Cincin- 
nati. Ohio  ;  DONALD  J.  MACKINTOSH. 
M.D..  M.VO..  Medical  Superintendent. 
Western  Infirmary,  Glasgow, 

"  illp&iral  Q^rganizatiiin  " 

HERBERT  A.  BRU'lE.   M.D..   F.R.S.C, 

Surgeon,  Toronto  General  Hospital,  Toronto  ; 
H.  A.  BOYCE,  M.D.,  Kingston,  Ont.  ;  H. 
E.  WEBSTER.  Esq..  Superintendent  the 
Royal  Victoria  Hospital,  Montreal.  P.Q.  ; 
W.  A.  YOUNG,  M.D.,  L.R.C.P..  London. 
Consultant.  Toronto  Hospital  for  Incurahles, 
Toronto. 

J.  T.  GILMOUR.  M.D..  Warden.  Central 
Prison.  Guelph,  Ont. 

"  SubprruIoBiH  Siaualaria  " 

GEORGE  D.  PORTER.  M.D..  Toronto  ; 
J.  H.  HOLBROOK,  M.B..  Physician-in- 
Chief,  Mountain  Sanatorium,  Hamilton.  Ont. 


All   Communications,   Correspondence,    and    Matter    regarding    Subscriptions   and 

Advertisements    TO    BE    ADDRESSED     TO     "THE     HOSPITAL 

WORLD,"     145      COLLEGE     ST.,     TORONTO,     ONT. 

Reprints,  including   HaH-tones,  etc..  Supplied   Authors   at   Net   Cost. 


VoL  X. 


TORONTO,  NOVEMBER,  1916 


No.  5 


Editorials 


THE  HOSPITAL  AND  THE  MEDICAL  PROFESSION 


It  is  high  time  the  hospitals  and  the  medical  profes- 
sion began  to  do  something  in  respect  to  their  rela- 
tionship.     For  many  years  would-be  leaders  in  the 


138  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Is^ov.,  191G 

profession  have  jostled  one  another  in  order  to  secure 
appointments  on  some  hospital  staff.  Hospitals 
have  chosen  men  for  their  ability  as  practitioners, 
and  men  at  the  same  time  who  would  bring  wealthy 
members  of  their  clientele  to  the  private  wards  of 
the  hospital. 

That  class  of  patients  whose  payments  for  ser- 
vices rendered  visibly  swells  the  hospital  income  are 
welcomed  by  the  hospital  management  as  an  offset 
to  the  loss  sustained  in  caring  for  the  patients  who 
pay  less  than  the  per  capita  daily  cost.  The  doctor 
who  is  able  to  bring  the  former  class  to  the  hospital 
to  any  extent  is  too  quite  often  given  a  staff  appoint- 
ment in  preference  to  a  better  man. 

It  is  most  unfortunate  that  many  hospitals  are 
not  able  to  choose  first-class  men  without  regard  to 
anything  except  professional  skill  and  standing. 

The  time  is  arriving  when  the  qualified  man  will 
no  longer  give  his  services  gratis  to  the  hospital ;  the 
lawyer  does  not ;  the  butcher  does  not ;  nor  does  any- 
one else  except,  possibly,  the  chaplain,  whose  duties 
are  very  light. 

Hospitals  should  give  their  physicians  and  sur- 
geons a  qiiid  pro  quo  for  services  rendered,  and  it  is 
time  medical  societies  considered  the  question  of 
remuneration  and  that  the  profession  decided 
unitedly  to  demand  pay  for  its  work.  It  is  only  fair 
to  themselves  and  their  families. 

The  majority  of  medical  men  earn  only  a  moder- 
ate income.  They  are  obliged  to  keep  up  appear- 
ances;   have  a  good  house;    well-appointed  offices; 


Xov..  1U16  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  139 

and  complete  modern  equipment  (which  alone  means 
a  large  expense).  They  need  vacations,  and  regular 
trips  to  large  medical  centres  for  post-graduate  work 
are  absolutely  essential. 

All  these  things  cost  money,  and  the  community 
the  doctor  serves  should  prope^'ly  remunerate  him 
for  the  service  he  gives. 

House  officers  have  always  worked  hitherto  for 
the  experience  gained.  We  are  glad  to  note  they  are 
coming  slowly  to  their  own  in  the  matter  of  remun- 
eration. A  number  of  hospitals  are  alloving  internes 
$200  and  $300  a  year  in  addition  to  living  expenses. 
This  is  inadequate.  After  five  years  of  heavy  expen- 
diture in  securing  his  medical  education  an  interne 
needs  money  and  deserves  a  fair  salary.  His  case 
should  be  considered  together  with  that  of  his  senior 
by  the  medical  associations  when  this  important  and 
vital  subject  shall  be  considered  by  them. 


HOSPITAL  EMPLOYEES 


Hospital  employees  should  not  be  permanently  en- 
gaged until  they  have  been  examined  physically  by  a 
competent  member  of  the  medical  staff.  A  report  of 
the  examiner  should  be  filed. 

The  head  of  the  department  should  send  to  the 
superintendent  a  slip  containing  the  candidate's 
name,  the  department  in  which  employed,  date  of 
commencement  of  work,  address,  place  of  last  em- 
ployment, whether  previously  employed  in  the  hos- 


140  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Kov.,  1010 

pital,  rate  of  pay,  age,  whether  married  or  single  or 
divorced,  number  of  dependants  and  financial  status. 

The  employee  should  be  well  paid,  have  his  work 
definitely  assigned,  be  properly  supervised  and 
kindly  treated.  He  should  be  informed  that  he  will 
be  promoted  in  rank  or  given  an  increase  in  pay  if 
his  work  is  satisfactory." 

It  is  pleasing  to  learn  that  certain  hospitals  are 
providing  pensions  for  employees  who  have  given 
long  and  faithful  service.  In  the  majority  of  hos- 
pitals the  transient  tenure  of  office  of  the  average 
orderly  or  cleaner  is  painfully  short.  Small  pay,  in- 
considerate usage,  and  general  restlessness  are  the 
main  causes.  Such  a  condition  of  affairs  is  bad  for 
the  hospital  and  bad  for  the  worker. 

Since  the  work  in  a  hospital  carries  a  peculiar 
strain,  employees  should  be  encouraged  in  every  pos- 
sible way.  In  addition  to  good  pay,  they  should  be 
provided  with  comfortable  quarters,  recreation 
rooms,  eight  hours  of  work  daily,  at  least  three 
weeks'  vacation  yearly,  and  considerate  treatment 
generally  from  their  superiors. 

In  case  an  employee  is  discharged  or  asks  for  his 
discharge  a  slip  should  be  handed  in  containing  the 
date,  name,  department,  rate,  statement  as  to 
whether  services  were  good,  medium  or  poor,  and  the 
reason  for  the  retirement. 

It  is  desirable  that  every  head  of  department 
carefully  consider  the  matter  of  discharging  any 
employee  under  his  jurisdiction.  Before  doing  so  it 
would  be  well  for  him  to  give  the  employee  every 


iSTov.,  1916  THE,  HOSPITAL  WORLD  .        141 

opportunity  to  make  good.  If  he  finds  the  individ- 
ual inefficient,  or  careless,  or  incompatible  he  should 
endeavor  in  a  firm  and  kindly  manner  to  teach  him 
to  do  better.  That  failing,  he  might  recommend  his 
transfer  to  another  department  for  which  perhaps 
he  has  expressed  preference  or  where  he  will  come 
into  a  changed  environment  in  the  matter  of  fellow- 
workers  or  chief.    This  is  often  a  successful  move. 

The  head  of  a  department  should  remember  that 
the  worker  is  his  brother.  He  cannot  go  far  wrong 
if,  in  dealing  with  a  subordinate,  he  always  keeps  in 
mind  the  Golden  Rule. 


142  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Xov..  lOlG 

Original  Contributions 


EFFECTS  ON   PROGNOSIS  ON  THE  MANNER  OF 
ADMINISTRATION   OF  ANESTHETICS* 


p.    E.    DOOLITTLE,   M.D.^   TOKONTO. 


"  The  operation  was  successful,  but  the  patient  died." 
This  dig  at  the  surgeon  is  sometimes  misdirected,  and  occasion- 
ally it  might  be  changed  to.  ''  The  surgeon  was  iskilt'ul,  but  the 
anesthetist  was  not,  and  the  patient  died.'"  In  grave  operations 
on  patients  already  weakened  through  ])rolonged  illness  or 
septic  absorption  the  shock  of  the  anesthetic  may  be  the  deter- 
mining factor  that  turns  tihe  tide  against  the  patient.  The 
patient  with  a  short,  thick  neck  who,  under  ether,  chokes  up 
under  the  coml)ined  effects  of  abundant  mucus  secretion  and 
a.  nearly  closed  glottis,  suffers  from  ])artial  asphyxiation, 
which  in  a  prolonged  operation  adds  greatly  to  the  chances 
against  recovery.  So  also  the  same  patient  who  is  alternately 
asphyxiated  and  resusci'tated  gets  a  series  of  shocks  that  add 
to  the  danger,  while  the  delay  to  the  surgeon  by  these  alternat- 
ing conditions  further  ])rolongs  the  operation  and  adds  to  the 
danger.  When  such  a  condition  arises,  the  change  to  chloro- 
form will  usually  promptly  check  the  secretions  and  permit  the 
surgeon  to  quickly  com])lete  his  work,  to  the  great  advantage 
of  the  patient's  chance  of  recovery. 

And  not  only  is  it  a  case  of  danger  to  the  life  of  the  patient, 
l>ut  in  some  o]ierations  Ithe  behavior  of  the  patient  subsequent 
to  the  o]>eration  determines  its  success  or  failure.  As  an  ex- 
ample, take  an  old  standing  umbilical  hernia.  Here  there 
is  often  not  only  a  large  space  to  close  u]\  but  frequently 
atrojdiy  of  the  adjacent  abdominal  walls  renders  a  good  strong 
adaptation  a  matter  of  great  difficulty.  Frequently  the  com- 
]ileted  o]ieration  leaves  an  abdominal  wound  under  extreme  ten- 
sion, and  with  the  stitches  holding  in  very  insecure  tissue. 
Violent    retching,    straining   and    deliriuui    in   coming   out    of 


*i-^ 


*  Read  before   The   Academy   of   Medicine,    Toronto. 


Nov.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  143 

the  anesthetic  frequently  undo  the  good  work  of  the  surgeon, 
and  the  last  state  of  the  patient  is  far  worse  than  the  first, 
with  the  chances  of  a  subsequent  operation  being  successful 
being  much  less  likelv  than  before.  The  patient  who  is  sud- 
denly dosed  with  an  overpowering  amount  of  ether  or  chloro- 
form becomes  frigiitened,  struggles,  and  frequently  has  to  be 
held  on  the  table  till  the  anesthetic  is  pushed  to  unconsciousness. 
Tender  these  conditions  the  patient's  first  conscious  moments  will 
be  in  terror  and  fright,  and  straining  is  bound  to  result.  Such  a 
patient  should  be  quietly  talked  to  by  the  anesthetist,  who  is 
frequently  a  total  stranger  to  him,  and  a  feeling  of  perfect 
confidence  and  understanding  be  arrived  at  before  beginning 
the  anesthetic,  and  a  few  minutes  spent  in  this  way  is  of  im- 
mense value  in  a  favorable  prognosis.  "When  the  patient's  con- 
fidence and  trust  are  fully  established,  a  few  drops  of  chloro- 
form or  a  little  ethel-chloride  should  be  placed  on  the  mask, 
and,  still  keeping  the  patient's  attention  fully,  pleasantly  occu- 
pied (if  you  find  he  has  a  hobby  talk' that),  hold  the  mask  far 
eneugli  away  from  his  face  that  he  first  only  faintly  gets  the 
vapor.  Then  gradually  lower  it,  adding  small  quantities  of 
the  anesthetic  till  the  patient  gets  drowsy  and  fails  to  answer 
questions,  when  the  mask  can  be  applied  and  the  ether  cau- 
tiously begun  without  the  patient  being  aware  of  the  change. 
Under  this  method  the  ]:)atient  wakes  after  his  operation  in  a 
quiet  frame  of  mind  and  without  delirium. 

Lastly,  always  remember  that  your  part  of  the  work  is  of 
the  utmost  importance,  and  not  even  second  to  that  of  the  sur- 
geon. Concentrate  your  whole  attention  on  the  patient,  only 
being  sufficientlv  conscious  of  what  the  surgeon  is  doing  to 
enable  you  to  lessen  or  increase  the  depth  of  the  anesthetic  ac- 
cording to  the  surgeon's  needs  and  the  patient's  safety,  but  never 
let  the  patient  become  sensitive  to  the  operator,  which  would 
add  to  the  shock ;  and  give  the  least  possible  amount  of  the 
anesthetic  that  will  give  the  desired  result, 

010  Sherbourne  St. 


144  THE  HOSPITxVL  WORLD  Xov.,  1916 

THE   WORK  OF  THE  STAFF  ^ 


BY  PATIENCE  EISEjSTIERS. 


For  the  benefit  of  either  lazy  or  industrious  people  who  may 
be  thinking  of  taking  up  hospital  work,  some  information  about 
the  duties  of  various  positions  may  be  of  interest. 

The  superintendent's  are  quite  weighty.  He  need  not  nec- 
essarily be  a  doctor;  but,  layman  or  physician,  he  must  have 
a  keen  eye,  not  for  bacteria,  iDut  for  mazuma.  Any  superinten- 
dent who  can  wash  enough  sterile  gauze  to  make  one  yard  do 
the  work  of  two  is  the  well-beloved  of  the  trustees.  He  has  an 
'^eagle  eye  for  the  absence  of  rubber  heels  and  can  see  at  a 
glance  if  the  door  of  the  ice-box  is  tightly  closed,  or  whether 
the  flies  have  found  a  new  port  of  entry. 

In  financial  matters  he  is  expected  to  be  as  tight  as  a  wet 
clothesline.  He  must  see  that  no  employee  puts  anything  over 
on  him,  and  that  no  patient  escapes  to  the  open  without  the 
O.K.  of  the  bookkeeper.  The  principal  of  the  Nurses  Training 
School  acts  as  a  prophylactic  against  Cupid's  darts.  She  sees 
to  it  that  loitering  internes  are  promptly  put  to  flight.  All  good 
looking  nurses  must  have  their  curly  locks  slicked  down  till 
they  resemble  skinned  rabbits.  By  thus  putting  promptly  all 
rivals  out  of  business,  this  lady  often  secures  the  most  desirable 
staff  doctor  for  herself. 

'  The  duty  of  a  nurse,  either  pupil  or  graduate,  is  to  let 
patients  know  where  they  get  off  at.  To  the  trained  mind  all 
patients  are  as  nutty  as  a  fruit  cake.  They  must  be  ruled  with 
an  iron  hand,  and  no  attention  should  be  paid  to  their  whims 
or  desires.  Nurses  do  not  like  patients  who  whine,  patients  who 
are  nervous  or  hysterical,  patients  who  are  helpless  or  who 
require  a  great  deal  of  waiting  on,  in  fact,  it  would  seem  as 
if  a  number  of  them  do  not  like  any  kind  of  a  patient  at  all. 

There  is  no  use  arguing  with  a  nurse.  In  a  contest  between 
a  helpless  patient  and  able-bodied  nurse,  the  nurse  always  wins 
out. 

The  duty  of  the  house  doctor  is  to  act  as  maid  of  honor  to 
some  Big  Chief  and  imitate,  to  the  best  of  his  histrionic  ability, 
the  chief's  supernatural  dignity.     His  face  must  be  a  faithful 

*  Written  specially  for  The  Hospital  World. 


Nov.,  1916  THE  HOSriTA].  WOKLD  14:5 

reflex  of  the  chief's  emotions.  To  smile  or  laugh  when  the 
chief's  face  registers  concentrated  thought  or  deep  concern  is  a 
fatal  blunder. 

The  interne  usually  begins  as  an  ambulance  surgeon  at 
which  stage  his  duty  is  to  see  that  he  keeps  the  muscles  of  his 
back  and  arms  in  a  supple  condition.  In  those  hospitals  which 
own  the  cap  worn  by  the  ambulance  surgeon,  it  is  believed  that 
candidates  whose  heads  fit  the  hat  are  preferred  above  the 
other  applicants. 

All  house  doctors  are  natural  born  collectors.  In  their 
rounds  they  collect  sandwiches,  candy,  magazines,  liquid  re- 
freshments, and,  in  fact,  they  will  collect  anything  that  is  not 
nailed  down. 

The  dutv  of  the  driver  of  the  ambulance  is  to  deliver  the 
patients  at  their  own  door  in  a  state  of  delirious  joy  that  their 
break-neck  journey  over  chickens,  men,  holes,  torn-up  streets, 
dogs  and  pedestrians  has  not  ended  fatally.  At  the  end  of  the 
journey  it  is  the  duty  of  the  driver  and  the  surgeon  to  beat 
each  other  to  the  easiest  end  of  the  stretcher.  The  relations 
between  these  two  are  always  genial  and  pleasant,  .somewhat 
like  those  between  the  burglar  and  a  Pinkerton. 

An  orderly  owes  no  duty  to  am'one  but  himself.  His  duty 
to  himself  requires  him  to  hunt  up  a  snug  retreat  in  which  to 
while  away  his  time.  Should  some  sleuth  root  him  out  of  his 
lair  in  the  basement,  he  can  instantly  find  a  better  one.  Some 
sixth  sense  warns  him  when  his  services  are  required,  and  ho 
immediately  steps  over  into  the  fourth  dimpnsion. 

A  chambermaid  acts  as  the  official  '"  Who's  Who,"  for  the 
benefit  of  the  patient's  curiosity.  She  can  tell  what  is  the 
matter  with  the  mysterious  man  in  ISTo.  1,  and  the  latest  eccen- 
tricity of  the  old  lady  in  No.  2.  The  first  thing  in  the  morning 
you  learn  about  who  has  died  in  the  night.  Her  ambition  is 
to  see  if  she  can  spend  three-quarters  of  her  time  gossiping 
with  the  patients  and  get  away  with  it. 

Finally  we  come  to  the  duty  of  the  patient.  Dead  easy. 
Any  hospital  superintendent  can  show  you  in  black  and  white 
that  the  institution  is  losing  from  six  cents  to  two  dollars  and 
nineteen  and  one-half  cents  per  diem  off  of  each  patient. 

It  stands  to  reason  that  the  only  favor  a  patient  can  do  a 


146  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Nov.,  191 G 

hospital  is  to  i)ay  his  bill  aiid  ''  beat  it  "  as  fast  as  an  ambulance, 
a  taxi,  or  a  street  car  can  take  him. 

The  duty  of  the  hall  man  is  to  work  upon  and  so  perfect 
his  schedule  that  his  dust-raising-  duties  will  exactly  synchronize 
with  the  passing  of  meal  trays.  He  is  always  on  friendly 
terms  with  the  chambermaid,  their  mutual  dislike  of  the  nurses 
forming  a  close  bond  of  sympathy  between  them. 


THE  HOSPITAL  FROM  A  PATIENT'S 
STANDPOINT* 


BY  PATIENCE  EISENIEES. 


Why  is  a  hos])ital  'h  What  is  the  cause  of  so  many  complaints 
and  so  much  dissatisfaction  among  the  patients  in  a  hospital — 
not  any  particular  hospital,  but  just  any  and  every  old  hospital. 
It  requires  but  the  chance  encounter  of  two  patients  in  any 
conveniently  isolated  spot  to  start  an  immediate  session  of 
the  knocker's  club.  It  is  all  duB  to  their  misconception  of  the 
functions  of  a  hospital.  A  hospital  is  not  a  place  for  a  sick 
person  to  be  comfortable  in,  any  more  than  the  inside  of  a 
casket  or  the  unyielding  top  of  an  operating  table.  Only  the 
well  and  strong  can  force  their  way  to  comfort.  The  most  a 
sick  person  can  hope  for  is  a  minimum  of  discomfort. 

A  great  deal  of  irritation  could  be  avoided  if  patients  would 
wait  patiently  for  their  sentences  to  expire,  and  stop  ex]iecting 
what  never  was  and  never  will  be.  How  can  one  expect  a  nurse 
when  she  has  anywhere  from  four  to  ten  people  to  look  after, 
to  spend  her  time  massaging  the  jjunctures  in  your  ears  so  they 
won't  gro^V  shut  while  your  diamond  earrings  are  reposing  in 
the  office  safe.  Be  thankful,  rather,  during  a  busy  day,  if  you 
get  your  face  washed  when  the  night  nurse  comes  on  duty. 
Don't  expect  a  nurse  to  read  to  you,  or  amuse  you  in  any  way. 
as  you  can  always  amuse  yourself  by  watching  the  antics  of  the 
mouse  in  your  room.  Every  hospital  room  contains  at  least  one 
thoroughly  domesticated  mouse,  who  lives  back  of  the  steam 

*  Written  specially  for  The  Hospital  World. 


l^ov.,  191G  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  147 

pipes  and  appears  to  be  learning  the  plumbing  trade  in  a  night 
school,  or,  you  can  close  your  eyes  and  refurnish  your  room. 

A  private  room  in  a  hospital,  furnished  by  a  donor  will  not 
be  likely  to  contain  more  than  six  square  inches  of  floor  space, 
unobstructed  by  some  kind  of  flub-dubs.  The  price  of  the  room 
varies  directly  as  the  heft  of  the  furniture,  you  will  not  have 
much  of  a  view,  as  some  kind  of  hospital  psycholog}^  always 
locates  the  bed  in  the  lonesomest  part  of  the  room. 

If  you  are  in  one  of  the  ultra-modern  type,  exemplifying 
the  last  word  in  cubist  hospital  architecture,  you  can  gaze  at 
the  futurist  doors  and  fire-places  and  anemic  color  scheme  and 
console  yourself  that  well — anyway — it  looks  as  if  it  might  be 
fireproof.  They  certainly  all  have  acoustic  properties,  carried 
to  the  nth  degree.  If  the  managers  of  Billy  Sunday's  campaign 
wish  to  improve  on  his  wonderful  sounding  board  they  could 
do  it  by  renting  an  abandoned  hospital.  Nowhere  else  will  a 
hall  clock  tick  so  loudly  through  a  night  of  insommia  or  falling 
dishes  spin  around  so  many  times  on  a  tiled  floor ;  nowhere  else 
are  scrubbing  brushes  plied  with  such  unbelicable  polish  en- 
thusiasm at  daybreak ;  nowhere  else  w^ould  a  nurse's  cot  squeak 
so  poignantly  or  the  whispered  flirtation  at  the  nurses'  table 
between  some  interne  and  the  night  nurse  reach  your  ear  so 
piercingly.  Of  course,  you  would  not  mind  this  so  much  if  you 
could  only  hear  quite  clearly  just  what  they  were  saying  to 
each  other.  , 

Should  you  require  the  services  of  a  house  doctor,  you  can 
save  much  time  by  knowing  the  location  of  the  prettiest  nurse, 
and  sending  for  him  there  directly — flirting,  eating  and  sleep- 
ing, in  the  order  mentioned,  being  an  interne's  favorite  methods 
of  diverting  his  mind  during  the  tedious  hours  before  the 
arrival  of  his  day  off  duty.  It  is  hard  to  get  them  to  do  any- 
thing really  useful,  such  as  swatting  flies,  or  lending  a  hand 
here  and  there  on  a  heavy  lift.  The  only  load  they  ever  carry 
cheerfully  is  sometimes  aeciuired  from  the  private  stock  of  some 
patient,  whose  physician  allows  him  a  supply-  of  the  stuff  that 
made  Milwaukee  and  St.  Louis  famous.  Internes  are  respon- 
sible for  many  caustic  comments  of  patients  on  the  sharky  tricks 
of  purveyors  of  grape  juice,  champagne  and  other  H(]uids  who 
give  such  amazingly  short  measure,  as  short,  to  a  patient's  point 


148  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Nov.,  191G 

of  view,  as  the  comfort-iiurchasing  ability  of  what  he  is  taxed 
for  his  board  and  room  in  the  hospital. 

It  can  be  proved  in  actual  figures  that  the  hospital  gives  you 
as  much,  if  not  more,  than  you  are  paying  for,  but  it  is  hard  to 
make  a  patient  believe  that  his  dollars  purchase  so  little.  Any- 
one paying  $25  per  week  or  more,  in  a  hospital,  expects  the 
nursing  service  of  Dr.  Bull's  $100  per  w^eek  sanatorium,  the 
accommodations  of  the  Waldorf-Astoria,  and  the  cuisine  of  the 
Ritz-Carleton.  Visit  him  at  the  end  of  a  week  and  he  will 
tell  you  confidentially,  that  in  his  opinion,  he  is  getting  the 
nursino;  service  of  the  Bel2;ian  trenches,  the  accommodations  of 
a  Mills  hotel,  and  the  bill-of-fare  of  a  McGregor  mission.  He 
has  a  vague  idea  that  the  government  ought  to  be  seeing  about 
such  things. 

However,  he  is  wrong,  you  can  get  anything  you  want  in  a 
hospital — on  one  condition — you  must  be  careful  not  to  want 
anything. 


HOSPITAL  EATS* 


BY    PATIEKCE    EISEXIERS. 


My  son,  hear  the  instruction  of  thy  Uncle  Fuller,  and  permit 
him  to  wise  thee  up  in  hospital  cookery,  that  it  mayest  go  well 
with  thee  as  chef,  and  that  thou  wastest  nix  from  the  hospital's, 
substance.  '        ■ 

For  food — these  days — is  more  precious  than  rubies  and 
must  be  paid  for  with  fine  gold  and  silver  and  much  hidden 
treasure. 

Be  ye,  therefore,  a  tight-wad  in  all  thou  dolest  out,  and 
attend  carefully  to  the  attenuation  of  all  liquids  on  thy  bill- 
of-fare. 

Make  thou  frequent  journeys  to  thy  cistern  and  spare  not 
in  drawing  from  thy  well  in  the  corner. 

For  on  thy  watery  additions  to  thy  soup,  milk,  tea  and  coffee 
kettles  dependeth  their  ability  to  hold  out  even  unto  the  setting 
of  the  last  table. 


*  Written  specially  for  The  Hospital  World. 


^Tov.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  UU 

That  tliou  mayest  forestall  their  kicks  and  comi^laints,  which 
are  as  a  thorn  in  thy  side,  serve  thou  th&  first  attenuation  to 
those  knockers  who  occupy  the  private  rooms. 

Weary  not  in  thy  dumping-in  from  thy  water  bucket  and 
serve  thy  next  attenuation  to  the  barbarians  within  the  walls 
of  thy  weirds. 

Discretion  shall  })reserve  thee  that  thou  servest  thy  attenua- 
tions to  the  house  staff  in  the  proper  order  of  social  precedence, 
the  principal  of  the  training  school,  the  resident  physician,  the 
internes,  the  nurses,  the  orderlies — even  to  the  thirtieth  attenua- 
tion thou  servest  the  helps'  table  in  the  basement. 

Regard  not  their  scorn  and  revilings,  for  is  not  any  grub 
good  enough  for  the  sustenance  of  these  rough-necks  ? 

He  becometh  poor  that  dealeth  with  a  slack  band,  theref ore- 
be  not  too  flossy  in  dealing  with  thy  hospital's  chickens. 

For  on  thy  discretion  dependeth  the  ability  of  one  lonesome 
chicken  to  lend  a  spurious  flavor  to  many  dishes. 

Waste  not  thy  chicklet's  strength  within  the  soup  pot ;  rather 
encase  his  legs  in  rubber  boots  and  walk  him  swiftly  through 
thy  kettle. 

Cast  out  the  mocker  who  revileth  thee  with  the  name  of 
"  cheap  skate,"  he  who  claimeth  there  is  no  chicken  flavor  to 
thy  bouillon. 

Even  as  a  precious  jewel  in  a  pig's  snout  are  those  slanderers, 
they  who  say  all  hospital  chickens  have  atrophy  of  the  breast 
muscles  and  hypertrophy  of  the  neck. 

Sharpen,  therefore,  thy  hatchet  like  a  two-edged  sword,  that 
each  receiveth  his  molecule  of  chicken,  and  gather  ye  up  the 
remnants  even  to  the  tiniest  subluxation. 

For  of  such  mayest  thou  bring  forth  the  next  day  thy  chicken 
pot-pie,  in  ramekins. 

Even  here  thou  canst  confound  the  sceptics  who  believe  not 
in  the  presence  of  thy  long  gone,  but  not  forgotten,  chicklet. 

Thou  canst  insert  beneath  each  upper  crust  a  tiny  chicken- 
feather. 

Thus  wilt  thou  have  thine  enemy  upon  the  hip  ;  he  can  prove 
nothing.  What  carest  thou  for  the  revilings  of  the  gluttonous ; 
it  is  their  favorite  indoor  sport.  They  are  like  the  horse  leech's 
daughter,  crying,  "  Give,  give." 


ir.O  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Nov..  1916 

And,  further,  mj  son,  bv  these  be  admonished,  of  the  com- 
binations of  hospital  sahids  there  is  no  end ;  and  much  study 
in  their  construction  is  a  weariness  to  the  flesh.  Therefore, 
store  wp  thine  odds  and  ends  of  vegetables,  fruits  and  animals 
into  the  making-  of  a  perfect  "  Review  of  Reviews."  Thou 
shouldst  worry  as  to  harmonies  of  taste  and  subtle  flavors. 
Rather  evolved  lobskosh  weirdly  composed  of  oranges  and 
onions,  dill  pickles,  cheese  and  wienerwurst.  And  that  it  may 
not  seem  too  raw  a  handout,  doll  up  the  top  with  whipped 
cream  and  a  cherry. 

The  sun  ariseth  and  the  sun  goeth  down;  but  this  recipe  foi 
lobster  salad  remaineth  on  the  job. 

Let  the  proportion  l)e  8  to  1.  Eight  large,  round  heads 
of  cabbage,  finely  chojiped,  to  one  of  lobsters,  smallest  size. 

In  thy  discretion  should  this  seem  too  many  lobsters,  split 
the  can — fifty,  fifty. 

For  why  encourage  this  set  of  pikers  to  develop  costly  tastes. 
Should  thy  whole  day  be  spent  in  serving  lobsters  ? 

Verily,  from  the  first  breakfast  to  the  last  supper  it  seemeth 
like  doing  nothing  else.  As  for  thy  salt  and  pepper  shakers^ 
steer  no  middle  course. 

Either  put  thou  in  none  at  all,  or  go  thou  the  limit,  even 
unto  the  sky.  They  to  whom  thou  caterest  be  a  perverse  and 
stiff-necked  bunch.  They  love  to  bawl  thee  out  and  say  thy 
food  hath  in  it  no  savor  of  spikenard  and  saffron,  calamus,  cin- 
namon and  all  the  chief  spices.  What  need  be  there  of  extra 
seasoning  when  penetrating  all  is  the  sub-acute  flavor  of  the 
chemical  refrigerator  ? 

My  son,  be  not  afraid  of  the  desolation  of  the  fault-finders. 
Thev  cannot  s'et  thv  number. 

vSo  that  thou  standest  well  with  him  who  pavetdi  the  o-rnb 
bills,  thou  shalt  find  favor  and  good  understanding  in  the  sight 
of  God  and  man.     Selah, 


IsTov.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  151 

Society  Proceedings 


AMERICAN  HOSPITAL  ASSOCIATION 


The  Philadelphia  meeting,  liehl  duri.ig  the  last  week  in  Sep- 
tember, was  a  great  success — over  1,000  being  present  on  the 
first  day.  The  East  was  well  represented,  the  Middle-west 
fairly,  a  handful  from  the  South,  and  scarce  a  soul  from  the 
Far-w^est. 

Eight  hundred  lunched  at  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital,  the 
guests  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Daniel  Test.  Beside  the  luncheon, 
there  were  auto  drives  to  points  of  interest,  a  trip  to  Valley 
Forge  and  a  complimentary  vaudeville  entertainment  at  Keith's 
theatre.     !N^ever  were  the  members  better  looked  after. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  in  Cleveland,  and  Dr.  AV.  J.  Wilson^ 
Superintendent  of  the  Wellard  Parker  Hospital,  will  preside. 
Dr.  Wilson  has  taken  a  live  interest  in  the  Association  for  some 
years,  contributing  on  several  occasions  papers  on  every  aspect 
of  work  in  contagious  hosj)itals.  He  contributed  one  at  the 
Philadelphia  meeting. 

While,  the  hos]iital  world  has  been  getting  away  from  the 
old  ideas  of  fumigating  with  sulphur  and  formaldehyde,  he 
comes  out  in  his  paper,  endorsing  their  use. 

Here  is  wdiat  he  sa%'s : 

"•  Determine  cubic  area  of  room.  Fill  all  cracks,  crevices^ 
and  openings  of  every  kind  by  pasting  paper  over  them,  so  as  to 
make  the  room  as  near  gas-tight  as  possible. 

"  If  sulphur  is  used  as  the  disinfectant,  4  pounds  of  finely 
cracked  brimstone  for  every  1,000  cubic  feet  of  area  to  be  dis- 
infected is  put  in  an  iron  pan  or  pot.  This  sulphur  receptacle 
should  be  placed  on  a  brick  in  a  dish  pan  containing  water  two 
inches  in  depth.  The  dish  pan  is  placed  on  a  nnmlier  of  bricks 
on  the  floor  to  ensure  protection  against  fire.  The  w^ater  not 
only  serves  as  a  protection  against  fire,  but  gives  the  moisture 
necessary  to  produce  the  disinfection.  To  start  the  sulphur 
burning,  a  little  of  it  on  the  top  and  in  the  centre  of  the  ]ian 


]r,2  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Is^ov.,  loiG 

is  luaJe  tinelv  grauulai'  and  a  little  wood  alcohol  poured  on  it 
and  ignited. 

''This  method  is  applicable  not  only  for  killing  bacteria,  but 
is  especially  useful  in  getting  rid  of  lice,  bedbugs  and  other 
insects. 

''  If  formaldehyde  is  chosen  as  a  disinfectant,  it  may  be 
generated  as  follows,  using  10  ounces  of  a  forty  per  cent,  solu- 
tion for  every  1,000  cubic  feet  of  area  to  be  disinfected.  Im- 
mediately before  using,  add  1  ounce  of  commercial  sulphuric 
acid  to  10  ounces  of  40  per  cent,  formaldehyde  solution,  and 
pour  this  mixture  on  1  pound  of  unslaked  lime.  The  gas  will 
be  immediately  evolved.  Care  must  be  taken  in  handling  the 
sulphuric  acid,  as  careless  handling  may  result  in  a  serious 
burn." 

Dr.  Wilson  maintains  that  these  formula  will  do  the  work. 

Miss  Emma  Anderson  presented  the  report  of  the  committee 
on  the  grading  and  classification  of  nurses.  The  report  is  a 
comprehensive  study  of  the  nursing  problem,  with  especial 
reference  to  the  need  of  more  nurses  trained  to  care  for 
certain  specific  diseases,  to  the  need  of  maintaining  proper  and 
reasonable  standards  and  to  the  care  of  the  sick  in  the  homes 
of  families  of  moderate  and  small  incomes.  But  "  divil  a  word  " 
does  it  say  about  the  grading  of  nurses. . 

The  ])ussyfooters  did  not  want  to  stir  up  a  hornets'  nest. 
The  damp  blanket  was  effectually  used  to  quench  the  incipient 
flames,  and  all  is  harmony. 

An  attempt  was  made  to  make  the  Modern.  Hospital  the 
organ  of  the  Association.  Dr.  R.  R.  Ross,  of  Buffalo,  brought 
in  the  recommendation.  Dr.  Howell  Wright  supported  the 
idea.  Miss  C.  A.  .Viken,  editor  of  the  Trained  Nurse,  averred 
that  the  Association  should  not  have  any  official  organ  unless 
the  Association  controlled  the  policy  of  the  organ. 

Trustee  Borden,  of  Fall  River,  said,  "  It  seems  to  me  that 
no  business  concern  would  go  into  a  proposition  of  this  kind 
without  ascertaining  very  distinctly  what  the  party  of  the 
second  part  was  willing  to  do." 

The  matter  was  referred  to  the  new  Board  of  Trustees, 
Dr.  Winford  Smith,  Miss  Mary  Keith  and  Mr.   Borden,   of 


Soy.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  153 

Fall  Kiver,   together  with   President  Wilson,   Treasurer  Asa 
Balm. 

The  new  secretary  is  Dr.  Walsh,  late  of  the  Contagious 
Hospital,  Philadelphia.  His  opponent  was  Mr.  Wright  of  Cleve- 
land, secretary  of  the  Ohio  Hospital  Association.  Wright's 
candidature  had  been  planned,  but  Walsh  had  done  yeoman 
service  for  the  Philadelphia  meeting  and  won  out. 

A  permanent  headquarters  is  to  bo  established  on  or  before 
July  1st,  19 lY.  It  is  up  to  Walsh.  The  commercial  exhibit 
brought  in  some  $3,000.  If  this  record  can  be  kept  up  it  will 
be  possible  to  maintain  a  headquarters  and  a  permanent  secre- 
tary. 

The  constitution  and  by-laws  have  been  amended. 

Besides  the  formation  of  a  Board  of  Trustees,  and  the  re- 
commendation of  the  establishment  of  permanent  headquarters, 
heads  of  departments  are  admitted  as  associates  and  assistant 
superintendents  may  become  active  members.  A  committee 
on  necrology  has  been  arranged  for. 

The  annual  address  was  given  by  Dr.  Winford  H.  Smith.  He 
was  not  surprised  that  the  Association  had  not  grown  as  rapidly 
as  was  expected,  following  the  eligibility  of  trustees  and  super- 
intendents of  nurses  to  membership.  Trustees  were  too  busy 
and  superintendents  of  nurses  had  organizations  of  their  own. 
Many  superintendents  were  unable  to  attend  on  account  of  the 
expense.  It  might  be  well  to  have  an  Eastern,  a  Western,  a 
Central,  a  Southern  and  a  Canadian  Association,  each  meeting 
every  two  years  on  its  own  territory;  the  American  Hospital 
Association  to  meet  on  the  alternate  years.  Dr.  Smith  had 
another  suggestion,  that  the  American  Hospital  Association, 
the  American  Public  Health  Association,  the  National  Associa- 
tion for  the  Study  and  Prevention  of  Tuberculosis,  the  Ameri- 
can Sanitarium  Association,  and  similar  associations,  unite  as  a 
large  American  Public  Health  Association — each  association 
to  preserve  its  bwn  identity  as  a  section  of  the  larger  body. 

Dr.  Smith  recommended  the  discontinuance  of  the  com- 
mittee on  hospital  progress,  which  includes  eight  sub-committees. 
The  number  of  committee  reports,  in  his  opinion,  interferes  with 
the  preparation  of  a  well-balanced  programme.     He  endorsed 


154  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  Xuv.,  ItHG 

the   proposal   of   Ex-President   Howell,    that   a    Couucil    of    a 
House  of  Delegates  be  aj)pointed. 

The  essayist  regretted  that  so  many  hospitals  had  been  es- 
tablished as  a  result  of  misguided  enthusiasm,  without  proper 
financial  backing.  A  high  standard  was  being  exacted,  neces- 
sitating better  nursing,  more  refined  methods  of  diagnosis,  and 
larger  medical  and  surgical  services.  xVs  a  result  of  this  mush- 
room growth  of  hospitals,  salaries  and  wages  paid  were  alto- 
gether too  small.  Trustees  seemed  to  forget  that  a  cheap  man 
was  the  most  expensive  in  the  end.  So  standards  of  decorum 
and  morals  are  often  so  low  as  to  amount  to  scandal. 

As  to  medical  staft"  appointments,  the  continuous  system  was 
much  more  satisfactory  than  the  rotating,  but  difiicult  to  estab- 
lish in  small  community  hospitals.  Merit  should  be  the  only 
basis  of  appointment  or  advancement. 

Modern  medicine  and  surgerv  demanded  "reater  laboratorv 
facilities  than  most  hospitals  were  providing.  Too  little  atten- 
tion is  paid  to  autopsy  findings. 

Stress  was  laid  by  Dr.  Smith  on  the  giving  of  anesthetics 
by  a  well-trained  person.  In  too  many  hospitals  this  procedure 
was  faulty. 

Hospitals  were  becoming  to  be  more  than  repair  shops — ■ 
with  their  social  service,  their  pay  clinics,  they  were  having 
a  broader  relationship  to  the  community. 

Dr.  Smith  strongly  emphasized  the  importance  of  making  the 
superintendent  the  one  avenue  of  communication  between  the 
sub-departments  and  the  Board  of  Trustees. 

In  j^rojecting  new  hospitals,  greater  attention  should  be 
paid  to  community  needs.  There  should  be  some  agency  to 
co-relate  hospital  development  and  community  needs. 

Mr.  Michael  Davis  recommends  a  hospital  for  each  100,000 
of  the  population. 

Emphasis  was  laid  on  the  importance  of  better  municipal 
hospitals.  They  should  be  entirely  divorced  from  the  evils  of 
political  domination. 

These  city  institutions  should  have  branches  in  the  country 
for  convalescents.     This  would  make  for  economy. 

Hospitals  owed  a  duty  to  the  physically  handicapped.  Dr. 
Hall,  at  Marblehead,  and  the  Burke  Foundation  were  leading  the 


^ov.,  1!)1G  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLl)  155 

way.  We  Avoiild  learn  luiu-li  ahout  what  was  best  to  do  by  ob- 
serving how  tlie  various  militant  countries  handled  the  problem 
of  the  disabled  soldier. 

Hospitals,  from  beino-  places  of  resort  for  the  indigent  only, 
now  are  found  to  l)c  the  best  place  for  the  wealthy.  As  a  con- 
sequence, more  attention  must  be  paid  to  furnishings. 

One  of  the  great  needs  of  to-day  is  a  hospital  service  for  the 
middle  class.  The  American  Association  ought  to  show  how 
this  need  can  be  met. 

Dr.  Smith  pleaded  for  the  higher  and  broader  education  of 
nurses,  and  quoted  Dr.  Walsh  as  ^advocating  that  the  philan- 
thropically  inclined  might  well  give  large  endowments  for  that 
13urpose.  The  luirsing  profession  was  intertwined  with  the 
medical,  stood  by  its  side  and  was  not  subservient  to  it. 

In  too  many  hospitals  the  out-patient  department  was  too 
often  considered  as  a  side  issue — the  patient  did  not  get  fair 
play — examinations  of  him  were  too  cursory  and  "  skimpy." 
This  service  demanded  the  highest  grade  of  woi'k. 

Clinics  should  lie  established  for  venereai  diseases,  and 
much  attention  should  be  given  to  the  matter  of  preventing 
their  spread. 

Hospitals  should  not  counrenance  the  separation  of  the 
mother  from  her  illegitimate  child.  Ninety  per  cent,  of  such 
children  died. 

Miss  Mary  Riddle,  of  the  J^ewton  Hospital,  holds  that  the 
smaller  hospitals  in  the  United  States  are  in  dire  need  of  ex- 
pert business  men  and  efficient  executive  organization,  and  that 
the  average  physician  superintendent  of  the  smaller  hospitals 
lacks  the  necessary  business  instinct. 

The  average  small  hospital,  it  was  pointed  out,  fails  in  its 
curative  purposes  of  disease,  infection  and  the  general  illness 
of  humanity  owing  to  the  lack  of  proper  scientific  instruments, 
poor  laboratories  and  the  absence  of  hygienic  kitchen  and  diet- 
ary cuisine.  The  hospital,  whether  large  or  small,  she  declared, 
should  be  one  of  the  leading  educational  infiuences  of  any 
community,  but  it  is  a  well-established  fact  that  some  of  the 
smaller  institutions  are  often  so  poor  that  they  do  not  even 
possess  a  copy  of  any  pathological  literature  and  sometimes  are 
even  in  need  of  an  unabridged  dictionary. 

Dr.  J.  M.  Baldv,  of  2219  Delancey  Street,  who  said  that 


156  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  Xov.,  1916 

while  he  was  not  a  member  of  the  association,  he  deplored  the 
present  condition  of  the  smaller  hospitals.  He  declared  that 
the  salvation  of  those  institutions  rested  with  the  joung  mem- 
bers of  the  staff. 

Bad  teeth  cause  a  large  percentage  of  heart  disease,  liver 
trouble,  kidney  disease,  ulcers  of  the  stomach  and  eye  trouble, 
according  to  Dr.  Thomas  B.  Hartzell,  of  the  University  Hos- 
pital in  Minneapolis.  Dr.  Hartzell  gave  an  illustrated  lecture 
on  Dental  Clinics  in  General  Hospitals  before  the  American 
Hospital  Association  on  the  roof  of  the  Bellevue. 

"  Seventy-five  per  cent,  of  all  heart  disease  and  a  large 
l^roportion  of  kidney  disease  are  due  to  streptococci  viridens," 
said  Dr.  Hartzell.  ''  A  large  proportion  of  these  streptococci 
come  from  the  teeth  and  are  swept  into  the  stomach  by  the  food 
or  get  into  the  blood  from  ulceration."         •  . 

The  speaker  defined  ""  proper  care  "  as  a  scrubbing  vigorous 
enough  to  leave  the  teeth  shining  like  porcelain  and  a  rubbing 
of  the  gums  with  dry  cotton,  following  by  rinsing  with  warm 
water.  He  recommended  that  every  general  hospital  employ 
at  least  one  dental  interne,  aided  by  one  trained  nurse,  and 
j)rovide  a  special  room  for  the  work. 

"  The  human  mouth  is  the  great  gateway  for  infection  to  the 
body.  Human  teeth  scrapings  from  healthy  mouths  show  from 
six  to  eight  million  bacteria  per  milligram,  and  the  2:)ercentage 
from  diseased  mouths  rises  to  a  hundred  million.  In  some 
cases  the  bacteria  double  in  numbers  within  thirtv  minutes, 
and  gather  on  from  twenty  to  thirty  square  inches  of  tooth 
surface. 

"  Bad  teeth  may  aft'ect  the  heart,  joints,  brain,  kidneys 
and  stomach.  Abscessed  teeth  have  caused  inflammatory  rheu- 
matism symptoms,  and  in  one  instance  a  man  with  a  healthy 
heart  who  refused  to  have  his  teeth  treated  was  found  some 
months  later  to  have  a  distinct  heart  '  murmur  '  and  ulcers." 

The  convention  meets  next  year  in  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Most 
of  the  forenoon  session  was  taken  up  with  changes  in  constitu- 
tion and  by-laws.  Richard  P.  Borden,  trustee  of  the  Union 
Hospital,  Fall  River,  Mass.,  recommended  the  appointment  of 
a  permanent  paid  secretary,  to  establish  a  bureau  of  hospital 
information  and  a  headquarters.  This  suggestion  was  adopted, 
the  headquarters  to  open  not  later  than  July  1,  1917. 

(To  he  continued.) 


Xov.,  1016  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  157 

Selected  Articles 


THE  OPERATING  ROOM   BUILDING  OF  THE 
HENRY  FORD  HOSPITAL 


BY    JOHN   N.    E.    BEOWN^ 
Medical  Superintendent,  Henry  Ford  Hospital,   Detroit,   Mich. 


The  operating  building  of  the  Henry  Ford  Hospital  is  a  brick 
building  of  one  story  in  height  and  125  feet  long.  It  has  four 
complete  operating  suites  and  also  a  dark  operating  room.  One 
of  the  suites  contains  an  operating  room  (30  ft.  x  27  ft.  x  IS  ft.) 
capable  of  seating  sixty  spectators. 

A  corridor  runs  the  whole  length  of  the  building,  on  one 
side  of  which  are  the  operating  suites;  on  the  other  side  are 
surgeons'  offices,  lockers,  shower  rooms,  examining  .room,  an 
instrument  room,  telephone  booth,  and  a  laboratory  for  making 
quick  sections.  This  corridor  serves  as  a  line  beyond  which 
the  public  is  not  allowed  to  go  in  the  direction  of  the  operating 
suites. 

One  end  of  this  long  corridor  is  cut  off  for  the  reception  of 
emergency  cases.  From  this  cut-oif  portion  of  the  corridor 
entry  is  made  by  two  doors  into  two  preparation  rooms,  re- 
spectively. 

Four  of  the  operating  suites  lie  side  by  side,  except  that 
between  each  of  the  two  end  suites,  there  is  a  sterilizing  room, 
in  which  are  sterilized  dressings,  utensils,  instruments  and 
gloves — a  separate  sterilizer  being  used  for  each  of  these. 

The  water  sterilization  is  carried  out  in  the  attic  in  two 
sterilizers  of  250  gallons'  capacity  each.  In  the  same  room  in 
the  attic  there  is  a  still.  The  sterilized  water  is  conveyed 
down  in  pipes  to  a  lavatory  in  each  operating  room  and  also  tO' 
a  lavatory  in  each  sterilizing  room.  Each  of  these  lavatories 
is  provided  with  an  elbow  valve,  by  the  swinging  of  which  eitlicr 
cold  or  hot  water,  or  a  mixture  of  both,  may  be  secured.     Ade- 


158  THE  HOSPITAL  WOULD  Is^ov.,  1910 

quate  provision  is  made  for  the  sterilization  by  steam  of  pipes 
and  faucets. 

Eacli  operating  suite  consists  of  three  rooms — two  of  the 
rooms  lie  adjacent  to  the  long  corridor,  being  connected  with 
it  by  doors.  One  of  these  rooms  is  used  for  the  administration 
of  the  anesthetic  (10  ft.  x  12  ft.)  and  is  provided  with  a  blanket 
warmer  and  a  lavatory  room.  The  other  room  (7  ft.  x  12  ft.) 
is  a  surgeon's  scrub-up  and  connected  hx  doorway  without  a 
door  with  the  operating-room.  It  has  three  lavatories,  thus 
enabling  .the  surgeon-in-chief,  his  assistant,  and  interne  to  wash 
up  at  the  same  time.  The  soap  used  iu  these  scrub-up  rooms 
is  liquid  in  character,  and  is  contained  in  a  metallic  box,  the 
surface  of  which  is  flush  with  the  wall.  A  projecting  faucet  is 
provided  with  a  valve  which  is  controlled  by  action  of  the  knee. 
The  surgeon,  by  pressure  of  the  knee,  can  secure  the  desired 
amount  of  soaj)  in  his  outspread  hands  and  upon  relaxation  of 
the  pressure,  the  valve  closes  automatically.  The  control  of 
this  soa])  apparatus  is  electrical  in  character. 

The  third  room  of  each  suite  is  the  operating  room.  All  the 
o})erating  rooms  have  tile  w^alls  and  ceilings  throughout.  The 
floors  of  the  operating  rooms,  as  well  as  the  whole  building,  are 
of  tile — vitrified.  In  three  of  the  operating  rooms  the  tile  walls 
are  moss  green  in  color  up  to  a  height  of  about  ten  feet.  Above 
this  they  are  Mdiite.  The  walls  of  the  fourth  general  operating 
room  and  of  the  two  accessory  rooms — the  anesthetic  room  and 
scrub-up  room — are  of  graj'  tile. 

The  operating  rooms  are  lighted  by  means  of  windows  in 
the  north  wall  and  in  the  ceiling.  The  wall  window  occupies 
about  half  of  the  north  wall  space  of  the  room,  while  the  roof 
and  ceiling  lights  correspond  to  about  four-fifths  of  the  ceiling. 
The  ceiling  lights  arc  of  glass  as  are  also  the  roof  lights.  In  the 
space  between  them  a  sufficient  number  of  nitrogen  lamps  arc 
suspended  which,  when  lighted,  afford  ample  light  for  operating 
at  night.  In  all  the  operating  rooms,  sockets  are  left  to  enable 
operators  to  secure  lights  for  local  work. 

The  gynecological  operating  room  is  provided  with  a  trench 
iu  which  three  or  four  onlookers  may  stand  to  peer  over  the 
sitting  operator,  who  may  be  performing  operations  by  the 
lower  route. 


]S^v.,  1916  TlIK  HOSPITAL  WORLD  159 

The  nurses  are  provided  wiMi  four  rooms.  The  head  nurse 
is  given  an  office  at  the  entrance  near  the  surgeon's  offices ;  and 
three  other  rooms  are  provided  en  suite  directly  in  the  centre 
of  the  working  portion  of  the  building — that  is,  in  the  operating 
portion.  The  largest  room  is  the  nurses'  work-room,  which  has 
cabinets  in  the  wall  and  on  tihe  floor  for  supplies.  In  this  room 
is  a  reservoir  for  distilling  water,  connected  by  pipe  wntli  the 
still  in  the  attic.  In  an  alcove  off  this  room  is  an  autoclave 
whose  doors  are  flush  with  the  wall.  In  this  autoclave  the 
flasks  containing  salt  solutions  are  kept  at  a  little  above  body 
temperature,  the  temperature  being  automatically  controlled. 
Oft"  this  large  room  is  a  nurse's  retiring  room  in  which  she  may 
dress,  or  rest,  if  necessary.  It  is  provided  with  the  necessary 
lavatory  and  toilet  accommodations. 

The  largest  operating  room  has  seats  arranged  in  amphi- 
theatre style  which  are  made  of  cement,  excepting  the  seat  pro- 
per, w^hich  is  made  of  cork.  At  the  back  of  the  amphitheatre  is 
a  door  from  the  outside  through  wdiich  the  students  have  access 
down  to  the  basement  where  their  lockers  are,  and  up  to  a  room 
at  the  back  of  the  top  row  of  seats  where  they  may  gown  before 
descending  to  their  places  around  the  arena.  At  the  opposite 
side  of  the  same  circular  seats  is  a  door  through  which  visiting 
doctors  enter  the  amphitheatre,  and  here  there  is  a  correspond- 
ing room  to  that  used  by  the  students,  where  these  visitors  may 
gown. 

The  three  other  day  operating  rooms  are  21  ft.  x  17  ft.  All 
arc  IS  feet  high. 

Electrically  controlled  clocks  are  provided  in  all  operating 
rooms,  except  the  dark  operating  room.  Washed  warmed  air  is 
forced  at  a  slow  rate  into  the  building  through  openings  near 
the  floor,  and  sucked  out  by  means  of  fans  in  the  attic  through 
<ij)eniugs  near  the  ceiling. 

The  cost  of  this  operating  room  building  was  approximately 
$100,000. — The  Trained  Kiirse. 


100  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Xov.,  191(> 

THE    NEED    FOR    PROPERLY    TRAINED 
ROENTGENOLOGISTS 


The  activity  of  the  various  instrument  makers  in  iilliug  the 
demand  for  X-raj  apparatus  to  equip  the  numerous  new  hos- 
pitals throughout  this  land,  has  created  a  large  number  of  open- 
ings for  comj)etent  roentgen  workers.  Scores  and  scores  of 
hospitals  have  gone  ahead  with  the  purchase  and  installation  of 
expensive  roentgen  equipment  without  serious  consideration 
of  the  question  as  to  who  should  make  use  of  the  attractive  in- 
struments. AVhen  one  comes  to  realize  it,  it  is  a  strange  thing' 
that  no  more  mature  thought  is  given  the  selection  of  the  roent- 
genologist himself.  Many  hospital  authorities  seem  to  feel  that 
the  filling  of  this  position  will  be  simple  enough  provided  the 
equipment  installed  is  of  the  latest  type  and  highest  kilowatt 
rating,  and  if  it  includes  a  transformer  of  the  open  or  closed  core 
type,  according  to  the  persuasiveness  of  the  salesman  who  finally 
landed  the  contract. 

The  real  practice  of  roentgenology  begins  when  the  roent- 
genogram or  the  roentgenoscopic  image  has  been  produced.  No' 
matter  how  expert  one  may  be  in  the  technical  side  of  the  pro- 
duction of  the  plate  or  screen  image,  once  that  image  has  been 
produced  he  is  still  helpless  as  far  as  the  practice  of  roentgen- 
ology is  concerned  unless  he  has  had  a  certain  training,  and  a 
certain  amount  of  experience,  the  more  the  better.  This  work 
can  no  more  be  performed  by  the  non-medical  individual  than 
can  stethoscopy  or  percussion  of  the  chest  by  one  not  medically 
trained.  And  the  medical  training  even  is  not  sufficient :  there 
must  be  special  training  in  the  interpretation  of  roentgen 
shadows. 

There  is  a  real  field  and  a  rare  opportunity  for  medical  men 
with  proper  clinical  training  to  enter  the  field  of  roentgen  diag- 
nostics. Every  medical  man  engaged  in  X-ray  w^ork  is  receiv- 
ing just  that  amount  of  recognition  and  respect  from  his 
colleagues  which  his  abilities  have  carved  out  for  him.  The 
trouble  is  that  there  are  so  many  attempting  this  work  who  are 
inadequately  equipped  for  the  task.  For  each  available  com- 
petent roentgenologist,  there  are  at  least  five  hospitals  clamoring 


^ov.,  lOlG  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  161 

for  proper  X-ray  work,  of  the  kind  done  in  our  best-known 
medical  centres  where  roentgenology  has  been  given  its  proper 
place  among  the  other  major  medical  sciences.  The  result  is 
that  the  four  hospitals  for  whom  there  is  not  available  a  com- 
petent man,  do  what  in  their  opinion  is  the  next  best  thing — 
they  put  in  an  incompetent,  and  invest  him  with  an  authority 
which  he  has  not  earned  and  which  does  not  really  belong  to 
him.  Does  he  not  operate  the  same  k'nd  of  X-ray  apparatus 
as  the  well-known  Dr.  Blank,  of  the  University  Hospital  ?  Does 
he  not  have  a  Coolidge  tube,  just  like  Dr.  So  and  So,  of  the 
Chirurgical  Clinic  ?  And  does  he  not  use  the  same  kind  of 
plates  as  ]3r.  Whoze,  of  the  Somewhere  Roentgen  Institute  ? 

The  medical  profession  must  come  to  realize  that  roentgenol- 
ogy is  not  a  photogTaphic  science,  but  that  when  certain  means 
somewhat  remotely  allied  to  photography  have  been  utilized  to- 
secure  visualization  of  certain  internal  organs  or  parts,  there 
is  still  absolutely  essential  the  aid  of  an  experienced  medically- 
trained  individual  in  order  to  secure  reliable  interpretation  of 
the  shadow  findings. — American  Journal  of  Roentgenology. 


WHY  NURSES  GROW  GREY 


In  a  recent  letter  home  a  young  Canadian  Lance-Corporal  thus 
explains  "  Why  Nurses  Grow  Grey." 

"  The  next  time  a  well-meaning  stretcher  bearer  tries  to- 
interrupt  my  groans  by  his  cheerful  '  Buck  up,  old  man,  think 
of  the  swell  nurses  you'll  have  buzzing  around  you  in  the  morn- 
ing,' I  shall  either  ignore  him  or  present  him  with  something 
which  will  be  the  direct  cause  of  his  being  introduced  to  a  bevy 
of  these  doctorettes. 

"  I'm  not  kicking  or  anything  like  that,  in  fact,  I  honestly 
think  they  mean  well;  but  after  a  man  has  served  his  King 
and  Country  faithfully  for  twenty-one  months  and  fina.lly 
reached  that  haven  of  rest,  the  Canadian  General  Hospital,  he 
naturally  expects  a  little  peace  and  quietness. 


162  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  A^ov.,  1910 

"But  does  lie  get  it  ^  Xo;  most  decidedlj  not.  If  the 
sister  isn't  taking  your  temperature,  she's  taking  your  shirt ;  if 
it's  a  clean  shirt  she  will  purloin  a  sheet;  and  it  is  while  she 
is  juggling  this  from  under  you  that  her  eagle  eye  will  alight 
on  the  COSY  hollow  that  your  manlv  form  has  made  in  the 
mattress.  She  groans  and  seeks  the  assistance  of  an  accomplice. 
A  tug-of-war  follows,  and  your  little  nest  is  given  place  to  an 
iceberg.  Even  in  the  night  time,  the  sister  wall  steal  from  her 
l)oky  little  desk,  and  if  you  so  much  as  hat  an  eyelid  she  will 
pounce  on  you,  thermometer  in  one  hand  and  a  glass  of  water 
and  a  pill  in  the  other. 

''  I  am  probably  the  very  first  person  to  discover  the  real 
cause  of  premature  greyness  which  accompanies  the  nursing 
profession.  Most  people  imagine  that  a  nurse  ages  in  appear- 
ance through  seeing  so  many  terrilde  wounds  ;  but  that  is  not  the 
case.  She  sizes  up  a  case  as  a  shingler  would  a  roof.  He 
would  sav  so  manv  shingles,  while  she  estimates  in  vards  of 
gauze  and  bandages. 

''  Xow  what  reallv  l)vings  nurses  to  an  earlv  urave  are  the 
beds  or  cots.  From  sunny  uiorn  to  dewy  eve  they  tuck,  stroke, 
massage  and  caress  the  beds.  Their  one  ambition  in  life  appears 
to  be  that  of  making  a  long  row  of  beds  look  as  though  they 
contained  no  legs  and  bodies  beneath  the  clothes ;  giving  the 
heads  and  shoulders  which  rest  on  the  pillows  the  appearance 
of  belonging  to  people  who  have  had  their  bodies  run  over  by 
a  steam  roller. 

"'  Just  to  show  to  what  extent  a  nurse  will  go  to  get  this 
<lc'sirefl  eftVct  in  her  ward,  I  might  mention  the  case  of  a  young 
fellow  who  used  to  have  bed  Xo.  11.  He  had  a  very  bad  leg 
which  necessitated  the  installation  of  a  contrivance  to  support 
the  weight  of  the  bedclothes.  Struggle  as  they  might,  the  sisters 
could  not  ii'et  that  bed  down  to  the  level  of  ours.  We  all  ex- 
pected  something  would  happen  sooner  or  later,  and  sure  enough 
one  cold  clear  dawn  we  noticed  Xo.  11  missing.  At  the  solemn 
hour  of  midnight  he  had  been  either  kidnapped  or  spirited 
away.  It  is  now  freely  rumored  around  the  ward  that  as  a 
punishment  for  requiring  a  clothes  support,  Xo,  11  has  been 
banished  to  England. 

"  Cruel  world." — Toronto  Evening  Telegram. 


Xov..  1016  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  im 

Canadian   Hospitals 

THE  EDITH  CAVELL  MEMORIAL 


A  xuMBEii  of  ladies,  iiicludiiiii'  Dr.  Stowe  Giillen,  as  Presi- 
dent, and  ]Mr>.  W.  -T.  Wilkinson,  as  Ohairman  of  the  Finance 
Committee  of  Mie  Ladies' -Board  of  the  Western  Hospital,  are 
seriously  interesting  themselves  and  the  public  generally  in  the 
proposed  erection  of  the  Edith  Cavell  Memorial,  which  will 
take  the  form  of  a  Xurses'  Home,  to  he  erected  in  the  grounds 
of  Toronto  Western  Hospital. 

"  A  year  ago  the  Ladies'  Board  of  the  Toronto  Western  Hos- 
pital had  under  consideration  the  advisability  of  raising  funds 
i"or  the  erection  of  a  Xurses'  Home  on  the  grounds  of  the 
Western  Hos^ntal,  as  a  memorial  to  Edith  Cavell.  This  desire 
has  now  taken  definite  shape  and  a  vigorous  campaign  will  be 
launched  in  a  few  days. 

"  Tt  may  be  well  at  once  to  set  all  doubts  at  rest. regarding 
the  object  of  the  home.  It  is  hoped  and  expected  that  enough 
money  will  be  forthcoming  to  enable  the  Western  Hospital 
Board  to  erect  a  building  large  enough  for  the  needs  of  the 
nurses  in  trainine;,  and  also  for  such  other  nurses  as  care  to 
make  use  of  it  as  a  residence. 

"  Under  any  circumstance  the  idea  of  furnishing  general 
accommodation  for  all  nurses  will  not  be  lost  sight  of.  It  will, 
in  this  way,  be  truly  a  '  Xurses'  Home.'  It  has  been  felt  that 
this  would  be  by  far  the  most  appropriate  memorial  that  could 
be  erected  to  the  memory  of  the  martyred  nurse.  This  is  in 
keeping  with  the  wisih  of  Miss  Cavell's  mother. 

''  One  could  hardly  imagine  a  more  suitable  memorial  than 
a  home  in  which  a  nurse  visiting  Toronto,  or  a  nurse  resident 
in  Toronto,  requiring  rest,  or  who  might  not  be  on  duty,  could 
find  comfortable  accommodation.  To  such  an  efl:*ort  no  one  .can 
find  any  objection.  Indeed,  one  would  expect  that  everyone 
would  be  eager  to  help. 

"  The  site  of  the  Western  Hospital  is  very  centrally  located, 
and   is  favored  bv  a  verv  excellent  street  car  service,  so  that 


164  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  Xov..  191G 

nurses  can  reach  it  readily  from  all  parts  of  tlie  city.  In  addi- 
tion the  new  pavilions  for  the  accommodation  of  patients  are 
the  most  modern,  sanitary,  and  'best  equipped  in  the  Province. 
From  this  standpoint  it  would  he  an  honor  to  have  the  Edith 
Cavell  IsTurses'  Home  connected  with  so  deserving  an  institution. 
"  If  the  requisite  amount  is  obtainable  no  efforts  will  be 
spared  to  make  the  home  a  credit  to  the  city,  and  worthy  of  the 
memory  of  the  noble  woman  whose  name  it  is  to  bear.  -  It  is 
the  aim  of  the  ladies  to  raise  $100,000 ;  this  would  be  about  one 
dollar  for  each  family  in  Toronto.  There  are  many  families 
in  the  city  who  could  readily  contribute  liberally,  and  make  up 
for  those  who  are  less  able.  The  chief  thing  to  fear  is  the  feel- 
ing of  indiiference  or  unwillingness  to  assist  on  the  part  of  some. 
Wihen  one  recalls  what  nurses  have  done  in  this  great  war  and 
the  splendid  life  and  tragic  death  of  Edith  Cavell,  the  person 
must  be  very  lacking  in  the  sense  of  appreciation,  who  will  not 
contribute  to  such  a  memorial  to  the  noblest  of  all  nurses  of  all 
time." 


OPENING  OF  THE  SPADINA  MILITARY 

HOSPITAL 


"  We  all  cannot  go  to  war.  Some  of  us  must  remain  at  home 
and  prosecute  the  important  work  that  is  necessary  for  the 
proper  care  and  treatment  of  wounded  Canadian  heroes  who 
are  compelled  to  abandon  their  duties  on  the  field  of  battle. 
Therefore,  it  is  our  duty  to  endeavor  in  every  possible  way/ 
infinitesimal  as  our  efforts  may  be,  to  afford  them  all  the  com- 
fort and  assistance  that  they  demand  by  reason  of  the  invalu- 
able service  rendered  by  the  Canadian  Expeditionary  Forces  on 
the  field  of  battle.  The  wounded  men  for  whom  we  must 
adequately  provide  have  made  supreme  sacrifices  for  their 
country.  They  placed  their  lives  in  jeopardy  so  that  we  at 
home  may  continue  to  enjoy  liberty  and  freedom.  We  cannot 
give  them  too  great  recognition." 

The  foregoing  remarks,   made   on  Wednesday   afternoon, 
October  4th,  by  Sir  James  Lougheed,  Chairman  of  the  Dominion 


^ov.,  191G  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  165 

Military  Hospital  Commission,  sent  a  wave  of  entliusiasm  and 
loyalty  through  a  large  and  representative  assemblage  of  citizens 
who  w^ere  present  at  the  formal  opening  of  the  Spadina  Military 
Hospital,  formerly  the  old  Knox  College.  Sir  Henry  Pellatt, 
Chairman  of  the  Toronto  Division  of  the  Dominion  Military 
Hospitals  Commission,  occupied  the  chair.  Among  those  on 
the  platform  were :  Sir  James  Lougheed ;  his  Honor  the 
Lieut.-Governor  Sir  John  S.  Hendr'e;  Mr.  W.  K.  George, 
Chairman  of  the  Voluntary  Aid  Committee ;  his  Worship  Mayor 
Church;  Mr.  W.  D.  McPherson,  M.P.P.,  ChairiAan  of  the 
Ontario  Soldiers'  Aid  Commission;  Lieut.-Col.  Alexander 
Fraser,  Major  W.  J.  Munn,  and  Controller  Cameron.  Repre- 
sentatives were  present  from  the  various  fraternal  societies  and 
other  organizations  which  have  given  much  <-ime  and  labor 
to  tTie  cause  of  assisting  in  preparing  comforts  for  returned 
wounded  soldiers.  The  invocation  was  pronounced  by  Col. 
Canon  Dixon  of  Trinity  Church. 

Sir  John  S.  Hendrie,  in  formally  declaring  the  building 
open  for  the  reception  of  wounded  and  disabled  soldiers,  said 
that  as  a  citizen  he  believed  he  voiced  public  sentiment  in 
declaring  that  such  institutions  had  not  come  any  too  quickly. 
He  thought  the  Ottawa  Government  should  bear  the  expense  of 
such  hospitals. 

"  Our  sympathy  goes  out  to  those  who  have  lost  loved  ones 
on  the  field  of  battle.  Many  of  the  men  who  have  been  through 
the  tortures  of  war  and  disabled,  I  am  sorry  to  say,  will  never 
again  be  able  to  return  to  the  theatre  of  war.  We  gladly  wel- 
come our  wounded  heroes  upon  their  return  to  Canada,  and  we 
are  glad  to  be  able  to  provide  for  them  comfortably  and  render 
them  every  assistance  possible.  They  are  deserving  of  all  that 
we  can  do  for  them." 

Sir  John  urged  that  invalided  soldiers  who  have  no  chance 
of  ffoino"  back  to  the  trenches  should  be  sent  home  to  their 
relatives  as  soon  as  possible. 

"  The  Federal  and  Provincial  Governments  should  not  err 
on  the  side  of  economy  in  providing  the  best  accommodation 
possible  for  the  care  of  the  sick,  disabled  and  wounded  soldiers, 
who  have  attained  noble  achievements  with  the  different  con- 
tin2;ents  sent  from  Canada.     This  can  only  b(^  done  by  more 


166  THE  HOSPITxVL  WOKLD  Nov.,  191G 

funds,  the  generosity  of  tlie  citizens  and  by  having  more  hos- 
pitals of  this  character.  The  citizens  have  given  money  freely, 
and  will  continue  to  do  so  until  the  great  struggle  is  brought 
to  a  close.  The  building  is  well  equipped  and  our  thanks  go 
out  to  the  various  organizations,  fraternal  societies,  the  public 
school  teachers  and  children,  the  clergymen,  the  Loyal  Orange 
Association,  the  Ladies'  Orange  lienevolent  Association,  the 
Masonic  Order  and  other  kindred  societies  which  have  fur- 
nished the  building,  it  is  ju-t  an  evidence  of  the  loyalty  of 
patriotic  Toronto.''- 

Following  a  brief  outline  of  the  relation  of  the  Dominion 
Government  to  the  work  which  is  being  accomplished  by  the 
Dominion  Hos})itals  Connnission,  Sir  James  Lougheed  said 
that  while  Canada  had  sent  her  forces  to  the  war,  it  was  equally 
important  that  those  at  home  should  co-operate  with  the  Gov- 
ernment in  making  adequate  provision  for  the  caring  of  the 
wounded  soldiers  invalided  home.  Military  hospitals  had  been 
established  throughout  the  Dominion.  The  poli-ey  ot  the  Gov- 
ernment and  the  Commission  prox'ides  for  the  establishment  of 
such  institutions  as  required  from  time  to  time  during  the 
progress  of  the  war  and  afterwards.  These  hospitals  are  l)eing 
administered  by  the  Government  and  the  Hospitals  Commission 
in  conjunction  with  the  many  jiatriotic  associations  which 
have  rendered  invaluable  aid. 

"  I  have  the  greatest  confidence  in  saving  that  when  woundeil 
and  disaliled  soldiers  are  assigned  to  these  hospitals  they  wnll 
find  that  the  most  adequate  provision  has  been  made  for  their 
comfort,"  continued  Sir  James.  ''  The  question  of  providing 
employment  for  returned  soldiers  is  one  of  the  most  difiicult 
problems  that  faces  the  Government  and  the  people  of  the 
Dominion.  It  is  a  problem  that  will  have  to  be  solved  by  the 
Federal  and  Provincial  Governments.  It  is  a  matter  of  pro- 
found satisfaction  to  say  that  there  has  been  a  most  enthusi- 
astic response  on  the  part  of  the  Ontario  Government,  and  lead- 
ing citizens  of  mercantile  and  financial  circles  have  expressed 
a  willingness  to  assume  their  full  share  and  resi)onsibility  in 
working  out  this  very  complex  question. 

"  The  Commission  has  been  glad  to  note  that  the  business 
community  of  Ontario  has  done  much  to  better  the  position  of 


Xov.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  KiT 

the  returned  soldier,  and  tliere  are  many  eases  of  soldiers  who 
are  able  to  work  for  their  livelihood  having  been  placed  in 
better  positions  than  they  occupied  before  they  enlisted.  ISTo 
Provincial  Government  in  the  Dominion  has  responded  with 
the  same  enthusiasm  as  the  Province  of  Ontario.  It  has  ren- 
dered invaluable  services  in  every  line  of  patriotic  endeavor, 
has  given  money  freely  and  with  a  will,  and  sent  more  men  than 
any  otlier  Province  in  the  Dominion." 

In  tendering  the  thanks  of  the  Dominion  Hospitals  Com- 
mission to  the  various  organizations  which  so  generously 
equipped  the  Spadina  Military  Hospital,  Sir  James  Lougheed 
stated  that  he  desired  to  especially  thank  the  medical  profession 
of  Toronto  for  the  splendid  services  the}'  have  rendered  and 
gratuitously  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  differei^.t  military  hos- 
pitals and  convalescent  homes.  Sir  James  added  that  the  cor- 
poration of  Toronto  had  demonstrated  to  the  Dominion  that 
she  was  ready  to  generously  render  financial  assistance  when 
called  upon  by  the  various  funds  and  military  units  preparing 


to  go  overseas. 


Sir  James  Loiigheed  further  stated  that  over  6,000'wounded 
and  disabled  soldiers  had  already  been  distributed  among  the 
different  military  hospitals  in  the  Dominion.  Sir  James  also 
briefly  touched  upon  the  educational  features  of  the  work  under- 
taken by  the  Commission  in  the  matter  of  apprenticing  soldiers 
who  have  recovered  to  different  trades  in  order  that  they  will 
be  able  to  provide  for  themselves  in  the  future  instead  of 
being  a  burden  upon  the  country. 


MOWAT  HOSPITAL  LEASED 


MowAT  Memorial  Hospital  of  Kingston  has  been  leased  by 
the  Canadian  Military  Hospitals  Commission  from  October  1 
till  three  vears  after  the  war.     Additions  will  be  made  to  tiie 


buildings. 


168  THE  HOSPITAL  WOULD  Nov.,  1916 

URGES  CHANGES  IN  CANADIAN  HOSPITALS 


A  COPY  of  the  report  of  the  iuvestigation  of  Canadian  hos- 
pitals in  England  by  Col.  Bruce,  of  Toronto,  was  recently  handed 
to  Surgeon-General  Jones,  Director  of  Canadian  Medical  Ser- 
vices. It  is  understood  the  report  is  a  somewhat  severe  arraign- 
ment of  the  methods  employed  by  the  Canadian  hospitals. 
Among  other  things,  it  is  believed  the  report  deprecates  the  fact 
that  Canadians  are  not  sent  more  to  Canadian  hospitals.  The 
tabulation  of  statistics  of  the  wounded  is  not  satisfactory, 
V.A.D.  hosjjitals  unduly  detaining  wounded  men  fit  for  service. 

Defenders  of  the  system  declare  the  doctors  at  the  front  are 
too  busy  trying  to  save  lives,  and  have  no  time  at  the  edge  of 
the  battlefield  to  write  histories  of  patients  to  senu  back  with 
them.     These  are  sent  later. 

.Apparently  impartial  critics  state  that  a  number  of  <'hanges 
are  desirable  in  the  Canadian  system,  but  that  those  in  authority 
in  the  Canadian  Medical  Services  are  not  to  blame,  but  are 
merely  following  out  the  rules  laid  down.  The  fault  lies  with 
the  Canadian  system  itself. 

Among  other  recommendations,  Colonel  Bruce  advises  the 
taking  over  of  the  whole  administration  of  Canadian  Red  Cross 
hospitals  by  the  military,  like  the  Ontario  Hosjiital  at  Orj)ing- 
ton.  The  rej^ort  declares  that  the  Red  Cross  administration  is 
costing  forty-eight  cents  per  man  a  day,  while  that  in  the  mili- 
tary hospitals  is  thirty-two  to  forty-three  cents  daily.  He  also 
states  that  there  have  been  difficulties  in  administration  between 
the  Canadian  military  services  and  the  Red  Cross,  and  he  ad- 
vises closing  the  Buxton  Springs  Hospital  for  Rheumatism,  say- 
ing that  Canadians  so  afflicted  are  useless  for  service  and  had 
better  be  sent  to  Canada. 

We  understand  that  Col.  Bruce  recommends  outside  the  re- 
port, the  establishment  in  Canada  of  five  hospitals  of  1,000  beds 
each  at  five  different  places  for  our  sick  and  wounded. 

It  is  understood  the  Red  Cross  defence  is  that  the  slightly 
greater  cost  of  Red  Cross  hospitals  is  more  than  compensated 
for  by  the  comforts  and  accommodation  given ;  that  there  is  no 
friction  with  the  military,  and  that  the  hosj^itals  are  running 


Xcv.,  1910  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  169 

most  satisfactorily;  that,  fiirtihermore,  the  Canadian  Eed  Cross 
hospitals  are  not  supported  by  the  Government,  but  by  private 
subscription,  therefore  Red  Cross  officials  trust  the  Canadian 
public,  whose  consent  is  necessary  to  any  change,  and  the  Cana- 
dian supporters,  in  such  event,  must  be  compensated  for  any 
losses. 


A  DEACONESS  HOSPITAL  FOR  TORONTO 


That  Toronto  ougdit  to  have  a  Deaconess  Hospital  was  the  con- 
viction voiced  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  \V.  T.  Perrin,  President  of  the 
ISTew  England  Deaconess  Association,  in  addressing  an  open 
meeting  of  the  Methodist  Deaconess  Aid  Society  in  the  ISTational 
Training  School  the  other  day. 

In  the  United  States,  Dr.  Perrin  said,  the  Methodist  Epis- 
copal \Church  has  870  licensed  deaconesses,  or,  with  probation- 
ers, abcmt  1,000,  compared  with  70.000  sisters  of  charity  in  the 
Roman  Catholic  Church. 

The  deaconesses  there  have  fifty-five  homes,  twenty-five  hos- 
pitals, twelve  training  schools  and  five  schools  for  general  edu- 
cational purposes. 

The  Xew  Ena'land  Deaconess  Association  has  fiftv-three 
deaconesses  in  its  home  in  Boston,  has  a  fresh-air  home  in 
Haverhill,  a  rest  home  for  working  girls,  a  training  school  in 
Boston,  a  training  school  in  Concord,  and  a  home  for  aged 
Methodist  women  in  Concord. 

But  of  all  phases  of  deaconess  work.  Dr.  Perrin  spoke  par- 
ticularly of  the  hospitals.  The  one  started  in  Boston  in  1890 
in  a  residence,  has  secured  the  support  of  the  l)est  physicians 
of  that  city,  and  now  has  seventy  beds,  while  one  in  Concord 
has  twenty  beds.  Last  year  these  two  'hospitals  cared  for  1,462 
patients,  and  gave  $8,467  worth  of  free  service.  It  was  inter- 
esting to  hear  that  184  of  these  patients  were  natives  of  Canada. 
Following  the  description  of  the  work  in  Boston,  Dr.  Perrin 
made  some  strong  representations  in  favor  of  starting  a  Dea- 
coness Hospital  in  Toronto.    He  spoke  of  the  increasing  demand 


170  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  Nov.,  1916 

for  hosi3ital  service  everywhere,  this  being  partly  due  to  the 
realization  that  the  hospital  is  the  hest  place  for  the  average 
person  to  he  sick  in.  As  apartment  houses  multiply  this  realiza- 
tion spreads. 

Dr.  Perrin  went  on  to  the  opportunity  for  evangelization 
and  the  possibility  of  making  the  hospital  a  centre  from  which 
to  send  -out  district  nurses,  and  finally  suggested  that  the  estate 
of  the  late  Mrs.  Massev-Treble  on  Jarvis  Street  would  make  an 
ideal  home  for  such  a  w^ork,  and  moreover  it  had  been  left  in 
such  a  way  that  it  could  be  had  for  such  a  purpose  if  desired. 
While  Mr.  Chester  Massey  had  expressed  himself  as  being  quite 
in  sympathy  with  such  a  movement,  the  speaker  felt  that  the 
initiative  should  come  from  the  outside,  and  that  a  peculiar 
responsibility  rested  on  the  people  of  Toronto. 

Such  a  Hospital  would  pay  its  own  ^vay.  Dr.  Perrin 
said,  and  it  would  be  possible  to  do  much  work  free,  as  well. 

"  Many  people,"  he  declared,  '^  if  you  render  the  best  i^os- 
sible  service,  will  prefer  your  Hospital  to  any  other,  and  pay 
your  top  prices  for  what  many  a  person  of  means  desires  more 
than  anything  else,  the  Christian  sympathy  of  such  an 
institution." 

Douglas  S.  Robertsox. 


Among  those  from  Canada  who  attended  the  meeting  of  the 
American  Hospital  Association  in  Philadelphia,  a  few  weeks 
ago,  were  Mr.  Webster,  of  the  Royal  Victoria  Hospital,  Mont- 
real ;  Mr.  Parke,  of  the  Montreal  General  Hospital ;  Dr.  Robert- 
son, of  the  Ottawa  General  Hospital ;  Dr.  Clarke,  of  the  Toronto 
General  Hospital;  Miss  Florence  Potts,  Superintendent  of 
Nurses  at  the  Sick  Children's  Hospital,  Toronto;  Mr.  John 
Ross  Robertson,  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  at  the  Sick 
Children's  Hospital,  Toronto;  Dr.  Whyte,  of  the  Isolation 
Hospital,  Toronto ;  Miss  Grav,  of  Winnipeg  General  Hospital ; 
and  Dr.  Walker,  of  St.  John,"^  N.B. 


l^ov.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  171 

War  Hospitals 


HISTORIC  PLACE  FOR  MAIMED-CLARENCE 
HOUSE  A  HOSPITAL 


Ere  this  appears  in  j)rint  a  little  contingent  of  Canada's  sons^ 
non-coms,  and  privates,  sick  and  wounded,  some  bereft  of  limbs 

in  the  war,  and  waiting  the  adjustment  of  artificial  arms  or  legs 
will  be  comfortably  lodged  in  spacious  old  Clarence  House,  lat- 
est addition  to  the  Canadian  Hospitals. 

Walking  up  a  leafy  lane  through  the  charming  suburb  of 
Roehampton  on  the  great  city's  outskirts,  one  enters  a  gate 
wherefrom  a  gravelled  path  leads  to  a  solidly-'built  mansion. 
Under  the  pillared  portico  at  its  front  door  royalty  has  often 
alighted  from  a  coach-and-four,  or,  tossing  the  bridle  to  a  groom, 

slipped  from  the  saddle  of  a  horse.  For  here,  in  days  long  gone 
by,  lived  ]\lrs.  Jordan,  the  celebrated  English  beauty  and  actress, 
morganatic  wife  of  William  IV. 

'Tis  said  that  still,  in  the  dead  of  night,  the  spirit  of  its  fair, 

former  mistress  sometimes  appears,  gliding  about  the  hallways 
and  the  lofty  reception  rooms  of  the  house  wherein  she  once 

reigned.  Her  wraith,  they  say,  is  arrayed  in  a  gray  dress,  and 
those  perfect  features  which  captivated  a  King  of  England 
still  smile  serenely. 

However,  when  the  writer  called  a  few  days  ago,  none  of 
the  Canadian  V.A.D.'s  had  seen  the  ghost.  Sound  asleep  are 
these  young  ladies  at  such  spooky  hours,  tired  out  with  their 
work.  Indeed,  Miss  Lewis  and  her  staff  have  had  a  strenuous 
time  getting  the  Hospital  ready  for  the  reception  of  their 
wounded  countrymen. 

Situated  In  a  finely-wooded  park  of  several  acres,  and  sur- 
rounded by  the  open  spaces  of  other  estates,  Clarence  House 
might  well  be  right  in  the  country,  so  fresih  and  healthful  is  the 
air.  High  ceilings  and  many  windows  make  lighting  and  ven- 
tilation easy,  and  the  various  large  rooms  are  rapidly  being- 
transformed  into  pleasant  wards.     Indeed,  many   a  wounded 


172  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  Xov.,  19 IG 

Canadian  will  say  that  he  has  never  been  so  comfortably  housed 
as  in  this  suburban  home. 

A  Toronto  boy,  Pte.  Weddin2:ton,  was  the  first  orderly  to 
arrive,  and,  oddly  enough,  it  devolved  upon  him  to  repair  the 
fire-escape  already  on  the  building — a  fire-escai^e  invented  by  his 
own  father. 

Clarence  House  is  auxiliary  to  the  King's  Canadian  Red 
Cross  Hospital  at  Bushey  Park.  Opening  with  fifty  patients 
the  Hospital  will  shortly  be  ready  to  accommodate  seventy-five 
or  even  one  hundred.  The  staff  of  eleven  comes  mostly  from 
Ottawa,  ]\[iss  Winnifred  Lewis  being  in  charge,  with  Mrs.  H. 
Pinhey  looking  after  the  housekeeping  arrangements,  and  ^liss 
H.  Hughson,  honorary  secretary.  Of  V.A.D.'s  there  are:  Miss 
June  Allen,  Toronto,  and  the  Misses  Mildred  Goodeve,  Marjorie 
Jones,  Lillian  Monk  and  Jessie  McLachin  (chauffeur),  all  of 
Ottawa,  Ont. 


Nov.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  173 

Personals 


Dk.  F.  a.  Ayleswokth,  who  practiced  for  some  years  at  Rose- 
neath,  sailed  the  first  week  of  October  from  Boston  for  London. 
Dr.  Aylesworth  expects  to  he  identified  with  the  Eye  Department 
in  the  Howard  University  Base  Hospital  Unit. 


Major  (Dr.)  Munn.  who  was  recently  appointed  Chief  Medi- 
cal Director  of  the  new  Military  Hospitals  Unit,  took  up  his 
new  duties  a  few  weeks  ago  and  his  office  is  at  1  Queen's  Park, 
Toronto,  the  old  Riordan  residence. 


Caj)tain  (Dr.)  Ogden  is  now  in  charge  of  the  Central  Hos- 
pital on  College  Street,  Toronto,  with  Capt.  Ley  in  ^charge  of 
the  new  Spadina  Hospital.  The  latter  hospital  will  be  kept 
entirely  for  men  who  do  not  require  constant  medical  treatment. 


Command  of  the  Bramshott  Hospital  has  been  given  to  Col. 
R.  C.  McLeod,  of  the  camp  of  the  St.  Francois  Xavier  unit 
which  has  been  increased  to  the  strength  of  a  general  hospital. 


Dr.  W.  S.  Verrall,  orthopedic  surgeon,  of  Vancouver,  B.C., 
has  been  appointed  to  succeed  the  late  Dr.  B.  E.  McKenzie  as 
Superintendent  of  the  Toronto  Orthopedic  Hospital.  Doctor 
Verrall  was  a  former  member  of  the  staff  of  the  Toronto  Ortho- 
pedic Hospital  and  an  associate  of  Doctor  McKenzie  in  his 
private  practice.  The  hospital  work  will,  of  course,  be  carried 
on  as  usual. 


174  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Xov.,  1916 

Book  Reviews 


Physics  and  Chemistry  for  Nurses.  By  Amy  Elizabeth  Pope, 
Illustrated.     New  York  and  London :  G.  P.  Putnam's  Sons. 
1916. 

With  the  marked  advance  in  nursing  educational  standards 
comes  the  necessity  for  suitable  text-books.  We  are  pleased  to 
recommend  this  little  work  on  physics  and  chemistry,  because 
of  its  practical  character.  The  subjects  discussed  are  easily 
grasped  by  the  nurse  of  average  intelligence.  The  chapters  on 
cooking,  cleaning  and  disinfection  give  examples  of  the  eminent 
practicality  of  the  work.  Hundreds  of  interesting  experiments 
are  described. 

The  book  should  meet  with  a  kindly  reception  from  nurses 
in  training  as  well  as  from  graduates. 


Practical  Points  in  Nursing]  By  Emily  M.  A.  Stoney,  late 
Superintendent  of  Training  School  for  I^urses,  Carney 
Hospital,  Boston,  Mass.  Fifth  edition,  revised  by  Lucy  C. 
Catlin,  R.IsT.,  of  the  Youngstown  Hospital,  Ohio.  12mo  of 
511  pages,  containing  102  illustrations.  Philadelphia  and 
London:  W.  B.  Saunders  Company.  1916.  Cloth,  $1.75 
net. 

The  publishers  of  this  book,  now  in  its  fifth  edition,  have 
very  wisely  had  a  nurse  revise  on  this  occasion.  Since  one  of 
the  strong  points  of  the  book  is  that  it  gives  very  definite  direc- 
tions for  actual  nursing,  it  is  fitting  that  they  should  come  from 
a  nurse. 

The  book  is  written  for  nurses  in  private  practice  and  is 
particularly  valuable  for  them,  as  it  contains  in  a  comparatively 
small  space  much  ready  information  on  numerous  subjects, 
commencing  with  the  nurse  herself,  then  the  sick  room,  patient, 
appliances,  food  and  different  treatments.     It  cannot  be  recom- 


Nov.,  1916  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  175 

mended,  however,  as  a  text  for  use  in  a  training  school  or  as  a 
book  of  reference. 

The  chapter  on  Nervous  Diseases,  added  in  this  edition,  is 
somewhat  elementary,  hut  nevertheless  will  he  found  helpful. 

This  book  has  a  definite  field  of  usefulness.  It  will  be  found 
valuable  by  the  nurse  who  has  been  engaged  in  private  practice 
for  some  years,  or  by  the  recent  graduate  less  familiar  with  the 
conditions  as  thev  exist  in  the  home. 

E.  G.  F. 


Burdett's  Hospitals  and  Charities,  1916.  Being  the  year  book 
of  philanthropy  and  the  hospital  annual.  Containing  a 
review  of  the  position  and  requirements,  and  chapters  on  the 
management,  revenue  and  cost  of  the  charities.  An  exhaus- 
tive record  of  hospital  work  for  the  year.  The  most  useful 
and  reliable  guide  to  British,  American  and  Colonial  hos- 
j)itals  and  asylums,  medical  schools  and  colleges,  nursing 
and  convalescent  institutions,  consumption  sanatoria,  relig- 
ious and  benevolent  institutions  and  dispensaries.  By  Sie 
Hei^ey  Buedeti\  K.C.B.,  K.C.V.O.  27th  year.  '  London: 
The  Scientific  Press,  Limited,  28  Southampton  Street, 
Strand,  W.C. 

Sir  Henry  Burdett,  in  his  foreword,  draws  attention  to  the 
approaching  vacancy  which  must  in  the  ordinary  course  of 
events  occur  in  the  editorship  of  this  annual — Sir  Henry  being 
now  nearly  three  score  and  ten  and  having  championed  the 
voluntary  hospital  system  for  half  a  century. 

He  states  that  if  the  book  is  to  continue,  it  is  essential  that 

some  competent  and  authoritative  person  with  knowledge  and  a 

keen  interest  in  the  voluntary  system  should  come  forward  and 

offer  his  services  as  a  successor  to  Sir  Henry  in  the  editorship. 

The  Annual,  as  usual,  contains  a  statement  of  the  volume 
of  charity;  a  report  on  the  King's  fund  and  the  League  of 
Mercy ;  on  the  nursing  department,  hospital  Saturday  and  Siin- 
day,  Missions,  Orphanages,  Deaf,  Dumb  and  Blind  Asylums, 
and  convalescent  institutions.    ' 


170  Til K  HOSPITAL  AVORLD  Xov..  Iuk; 

Chapters  are  devoted  to  hospital  construction,  hospital 
finance  and  hospital  conditions  in  United  States,  Candida,  Aus- 
tralasia and  India. 

The  customary  directory  of  institutions  occupies  the  major 
part  of  the  book. 

Every  Canadian  hospital  should  have  a  copy  in  its  library. 


Radiography,  X-Eai/  Therapeutics  and  Badium  Therapy.  Bv 
Robert  Knox,  M.D.,  M.R.C.S.,  L.R.C.P.  With  64  plates 
and  246  illustrations  in  the  text,  and  a  frontispiece  in  color. 
London:  A.  &  C.  Black,  Limited.     1915. 

This  is  a  practical  work,  giving  particular  attention  to  the 
practical  working  of  apparatus,  hence  of  great  value  to  the  be- 
ginner in  X-ray  work.  A  goodly  number  of  pathological  dia- 
grams have  been  incorporated  in  the  text. 

Of  special  interest  are  chapters  on  the  localization  of  foreign 
bodies,  radiography  of  normal  bones  and  joints,  diseases  of 
bones  and  joints,  examination  of  the  thorax,  alimentary  system 
and  urinary  tract. 

The  treatment  of  diseases  of  the  skin,  lymph  glands,  rodent 
ulcers,  sarcomata,  carcinomata,  enlargement  of  the  prostate, 
exophthalmic  goitre,  uterine  fibromata  and  of  diseases  of  the 
blood,  lungs  and  mediastinum  is  given. 

Mr.  C.  E.  S.  Phillips  writes  the  section  on  radium  therapy. 

Dr.  Knox  has  made  a  fine  contribution  to  this  new  and 
engrossing  subject. 


^uv.,  lUlO 


THE  HOSPITAL   WOULD 


x\n 


Walk-Over  Shoes 

Correct  Foot  Troubles  in  a 
Natural,  Comfortable  Way 

THE  WALK-OVER    BOOT  SHOP  makes  a  specialty 
of  fitting-  shoes  to  deformed  or  abnormal  feet .  A  wide  range 
of  over  twenty  lasts  and  at  least  112  sizes  in  each  last 
makes  it  possible  for  us  to  fit  almost  any  foot,  even   though 
badly  deformed,  with  a  stylish  and  comfortable  shoe. 

The  doctor  in  charge  of  our  Orthopedic  Depart- 
ment is  expert  in  the  fitting  of  arch  supports, 
made-to-order  shoes,  etc.,  and  gladly  gives  free 
consultation  and  advice. 

Self-measuring  FOOTOGRAPH  charts  will  be 
mailed  to  out-of-town  customers  who  do  not  find  it 
convenient  to  visit  the  store.  Full  directions  with 
each  chart. 

WALK- OVER 
BOOT  SHOP 


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TORONTO 

Montreal 


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'  j 

To  make  a  good  cup  of  cocoa  \ 

Begin  Right         | 
Choose  "BAKER'S"  ! 


Prepare  it  carefully,  following  the  direc- 
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by  its  purity  and  high  quality. 

Made  only  by 

WALTER  BAKER  &  CO.   Limited 


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I 

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vA'^he-    -vritingr  advertisers,    please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


xviii  THE  HOSPITAL  WOULD  Is^ov.,  1916 

NEW  HOSPITAL  APPLIANCES,  ETC. 


Antiphlogistine  in  Foreign  Lands 

"  I  TAKE  pleasure  iu  informing  you  that  both  in  the  garrison 
Infirmaries  where  I  was  stationed,  as  well  as  when  I  was  wath 
the  troops  in  the  interior,  I  have  had  every  reason  to  congratu- 
late myself  with  respect  to  the  good  effects  derived  from 
iintiphlogistine.  I  regret  that  my  time -is  so  occupied  that  I  am 
unable  to  jot  down  a  few  succinct  abbreviations,  but  I  can  assure 
you  that  I  have  obtained  excellent  results  in  cases  of  contusions 
and  sprains,  as  well  as  in  certain  ulcerations  and  wounds  affect- 
ing the  lower  limbs  during  the  marches.  To  sum  up — I  havf 
obtained  good  results  in  every  case  in  which  a  permanent  warm 
dressing  was  indicated." 

Dr.   Champxois^ 

First  Assistant  Physician, 
First  Battalion  Zouaves, 

Charon  Garrison,  Algiers. 


The  Physician's  Duty 

Physiciaxs  are  becoming  more  and  more  impressed  with  the 
value  of  prophylactic  measures.     Therefore  to  instruct  patients 
of  the  gentler  sex  in  hygienic  and  sanitary  principles  and  pro- 
cedures is  both  a  duty  and  a  privilege. 

It  is  a  fact,  often  not  entirely  appreciated,  even  by  physicians, 
that  the  vaginal  douche,  properly  employed,  should  be  used  fre- 
quently even  in  the  absence  of  any  abnormal  condition.  Despite 
the'  opinions  sometimes  expressed  that  frequent  douching  is  not 
advisable,  that  the  natural  secretions  being  sufficiently  germi- 
cidal should  be  allowed  to  remain,  etc.,  it  is  a  matter  of  common 
knowledge  and  experience  among  women  of  any  degree  of 
refinement  that  proper  toilet  of  the  vaginal  tract  is  as  valuable, 
necessary  and  indispensable  as  the  use  of  the  toothbrush. 

This  being  true  of  women  wdiose  genital  tract  is  in  a  normal 
and  healthy  condition,  it  applies  with  augmented  force  to  the 
vast  proportion  of  cases  in  which  there  is  some  abnormal  con- 
dition present,  such  as  excessive  mucous  secretions,  leucorrhea, 
vaginitis,  endocervicitis,  endometritis,  congestion,  irritation,  etc. 

It  is  indeed  a  matter  of  common  and  daily  experience  that 

women  who  are  nervous,  irritable,  easily  worried,  cross,  peevish, 

moody,  etc.,  are  often  greatly  benefited  by  the  use  of  warm  or 

hot  vaginal  douches,  properly  employed  by  means  of  a  suitable 

apparatus  or  syringe. 

Cleanliness  of  the  genital  tract  is  for  women  not  only  a  valu- 
able  sanitary  and  hygienic  measure,  but  also  in  many  instances 
an  absolute  necessity,  in  order  to  prevent  physical  irritation  or 
discomfort,  as  well  as  mental  unrest. 


Nov.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XIX 


f 


Pneumonia,  Pleurisy, 
Bronchitis,  Quinsy, 
Laryngitis,  Etc. 

increase  with  the  coming  of  Winter, 
and  suggest,  to  the  Physician  of  wide 
experience  and  success,  the  important 
role  played  in  these  diseases,  of 


1 EE r.  D Y  T 1  li  Illi N  V E R  CW^j* 
WJDER,  THE   1-oop  AND  •»■., 


ON 


Ll«^  DENVER  CHEMICAL  MFft^fl 

I'ttior.        "SW  YORK  CITY.  U.  »■  *'      ^fl^ 


SVPKXV  _ 

erV'ALt. ^ 

-PBICE.  BOCENTS 

"'iiiiiiiimmiiiiiiiiMMTn""' 


Directions: — Always  heat 
in  the  original  container  by 
placing  in  hot  water. 
Needless  exposure  to  the 
air,  impairs  its  osmotic 
properties — on  which  its 
therapeutic  action  largely 
depends. 


"Antiphlogistine  does  not  inter- 
fere with,  or  antagonize  in  any 
way,  the  internal  medication  in 
vogue  by  the  several  schools  of 
medical  practice.  Its  applica- 
tion IS  external  and  its  Chemical 
composition  being  known  to  the 


practitioner,  he  is-  proceeding 
along  scientific  lines  when  he 
uses  this  safe,  non-irntating, 
hygroscopic,  depleting,  blood- 
saving  expedient,  in  the  treat- 
ment of  pneumonia  and  allied 
diseases." 


SEND  FOR   COPY  OF  "PNEUMONIA"  BOOKLET 


By  ordering  Antiphlogistine  in  full  and  original  packages  :  Small,  <^edium, 
Large,  or  Hospital  Size,  "a  perfect  poultice"  is  assured. 


Physicians  should  WRITE  '•Antiphlogistine"  to  AVOID  "substitutes.  " 


"There's  Only  One  Antiphlogistine.  " 


THE   DENVER   CHEMICAL   MFG.  COMP.ANY,  MONTREAL 


When   writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


XX 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Nov.,  1916 


The  proper  use  of  tlie  Marvel  Whirling  Spray  Syringe  is 
not  only  instnmiental  in  the  treatment  of  diseased  conditions, 
but  is  also  of  great  value  as  a  prophylactic  measure. 


Canadian  Made  Seed  X-Ray  Plates 

Patriotism    is   so   often   synonymous   with   a   demand  on    the 
exchequer  that  it  may  surprise  many  a  Hospital  Superintendent 

to  learn  that  at  least  in  purchasing  X-Ray  Plates  there  need  be 
no  patriotic  penalty  of  high  prices,  for  the  Canadian-made  Seed 
X-Ray  Plates — because  it  is  made  in  Canada — can  be  purchased 
at  most  reasonable  figures  in  comparison  with  foreign-made 
brands. 

These  plates  have  been  made  at  Toronto  for  the  last  couple 

of  years,  and  are  identical  in  quality  with  the  Seed  X-Ray 
Plate,  made  at  R()chester,  X.Y.,  which  dias  attracted  so  much 
favorable  attention  at  the  various  conventions  and  association 
meetings  across  the    line.       Our    readers    are  referred  to   the 

advertisement  on  page  vi. 


A  Powerful  Antiseptic 

As  hospital  superintendents  are  aware,  they  have  had  consider- 
able difficulty  for  many  years  past  in  finding  a  really  satisfac- 
tory disinfectant  for  use  in  institutions,  particularly  so  now  in 
view  of  the  very  high  jU'ice  of  carbolic  acid.  Hosjutal  authori- 
ties should  look  into  the  claims  made  for  Polusterine,  a  new 
antiseptic  and  most  effective  germicide  and  disinfectant. 
Polusterine  is  soluble  in  water  and  is  also  non-poisonous  and 
non-corrosive.  Tr  will  be  found  to  have  a  most  pleasant  odor 
for  use  in  the  sick  room,  the  proportion  for  such  use  being  a 
tablespoonful  in  a  basin  of  water.  For  use  in  contagious  disease 
cases,  three  tablespoonfuls  of  Polusterine  placed  m  the  slop  jar 
or  basin  of  water  will  be  found  most  effective.  The  patient's 
linen  should  be  wrung  out  in  this  solution  before  being  moved 
from  the  room,  and  all  night  vessels  should  be  kept  one-third 
full  of  the  solutiou  at  this  strength.  All  discharges  should  be 
disinfected  in  this  way,  before  being  disposed  of.  This  will  be 
found  i^articularly  important  in  tyi:»hoid  and  Other  contagious 
fevers.  Polusterine  used  in  the  proportion  of  two  to  ten  drops 
in  a  tumbler  of  water  makes  a  most  effective  and  pleasant  mouth- 
wash. One  tablespoonful  in  a  pail  or  basin  of  hot  water  acts 
as  a  quick  deodorant,  and  for  spraying  purposes  one  tablespoon- 
ful in  half  a  pail  of  water.  Polusterine  can  also  be  used  for 
washing  cuts,  sores,  ulcers,  etc.,  in  the  proportion  of  two  to  three 
teaspoonfuls  in  one  gallon  of  water.  This  preparation  is  manu- 
factured by  the  Polusterine  Products  Co.  of  Canada,  whose  head 
office  is  in  Toronto. 


now, 1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELi) 


XXI 


The  Largest  Hospitals 


Made 

in 
Canada 


have  proved 


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Full 

Net 

Weight 


Saves  money  and  labor,  giving  best 
satisfaction. 

Especially  adapted  for  cork 
linoleum,  composition  and  hard- 
wood floors. 

Write  for  prices  and  one  pound 
tin  free  for  trial. 

Manufactured  by 

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For  soft,  bleeding,  spongy,  re- 
ceding gums.  Removes  mucoid 
deposits  and  the  daily  accumulation 
of  salivary  calculus  —  an  oral 
prophylactic  of  high  efficiency  in 
tooth  cleansing-  and  tissue  healing 
properties  —  for  the  prevention  and 
treatment  of 

PYORRHEA 

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on  Pyorrhea  and  Oral  Hygiene. 
Mailed  upon  request. 


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It  is  of  vital  importance  in  severe 
cases  of  marasmus  and  other  malnutri- 
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by  clinical  trial  in  these  usually  discourag- 
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Samples,  Analysis,  Feeding  Charts  in  any  language,  and  our 
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Branch  Office :  2  Arcade  Bldf .,  Vancouver,  B.C. 


.!_ 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


xxii  THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD  Nov.,  1916 

*'  Chiclets  "  on  Active  Service 

Miss  Myra  Goodeve  writes  from  Saloniki  that  the  soldiers 
in  the  Hospital  there  have  to  take  quinine  in  solution,  and  that 
the  Chiclets  sent  them  are  greatly  treasured  '^  to  take  after  their 
medicine." 


Headquarters  for  Hospital  Gowns 

SurERiNTENDENTS,.  wheu  Ordering'  new  gowns  for  the 
theatre,  should  remember  that  The  Miller  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany, 44  York  Street,  Toronto,  make  a  specialty  of  such  gar- 
ments. They  have  for  years  furnished  many  of  our  largest  in- 
stitutions and  are  in  a  position  to  quote  the  lowest  prices  con- 
sistent with  highest  quality  of  materials  and  workmanship. 
They  also  supply  hospital  linen.  They  will  gladly  refer  pur- 
chasers to  other  hospitals  who  have  found  their  goods  Al. 


Stewart's  Duplex  Safety  Pins 

How  often  in  the  day  duties  of  the  hospital  nurse  is  trouble 
experienced  with  certain  makes  of  safety  pins,  through  the  head 
of  the  pin  or  the  coil  being  unprotected  and  catching  in  the. 
bandage  or  gauze.  We  would  hardly  venture  an  answer  to 
this.  Surgeons  land  nurses  will  welcome  for  use  in  the  hospital 
or  in  their  obstetric  bag  Stewart's  Duplex  Safety  Pins.  They 
are  made  of  a  superior  quality  of  brass  wire  and  will  not  bend 
or  unfasten  easily.  Both  the  head  and  the  roil  are  ahsolutely 
protected  by  guards,  so  cannot  catch  in  the  clothing.  They  are 
also  rust  proof,  and  therefore  particularly  suited  for  wet  dress- 
ings. They  are  packed,  specially  for  hospital  use,  in  five  gross 
boxes. 


Electric  Centrifuges 

The  International  Instrument  Co.,  of  Cambridge,  Mass.,  have 
ha'd  the  honor  of  equipping  the  laboratories  of  some  of  the 
largest  and  most  modern  hospitals  of  both  Canada  and  the 
United  States.  This  firm  manufactures  Electric  Centrifuges 
that  have  few  equals,  so  satisfactory  have  they  proved.  Hos- 
pitals that  have  so  far  not  placed  an  order  for  this  line  should 
do  so  promptly,  las  they  will  be  found  to  be  all  that  the  manu- 
facturers claim  for  them. 


Nov.,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD 


XXlll 


Highest 
Grade 
Only 


GERHARD  HEINTZMAN 

GRAND  ] 

SELF-PLAYER  [  PIANOS 
UPRIGHT         J 

Edison  Diamond  Disc 
Phonographs 


Columbia  Grafonolas 


There  is  nothing  like  music  for  the  home — which  all  can 
enjoy.    What    better   than    music    for  the    convalescent? 

Write  for  our  complete  catalogue  of  Pianos  and  Phono- 
graphs.     Easy   terms    of    payment    on    any    instrument. 

Gerhard  Heintzman  Limited 


(Opp.  City  Hall) 


41  West  Queen  St.,  Toronto 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


/ 


XXIV 


THE  HOSPITAL   WORLD 


Xov.,  1910 


92%  OF  THE  HOSPITALS 

^■^  ^^  WHO  FAVOR  US  WITH  THEIR  PATRONAGE,  BUY 

"ABSORBON" 

The  Low-Priced  Absorbent  Cotton  of  Quality 

in  preference  to  other  brands,  because  it  is  better  value  at  the  price 

than  any  other  brand  on  this  market. 

Guaranteed  pure,  sterile — passes  through  the  same  50  different 
operations  as  our  higher  grades — sells  ior 
less  because  made  from  short  staple  cotton 
which  costs  less  than  long  fibre  cotton 
though  quality  is  identical. 
Investigate — A  postcard  brings  samples  and 
prices  to  your  desk. 

Mapiewood  Mills 


Largest  Manufacturers  in  the  World 
FALL    RIVER,    MASS. 


The  Thomson  Monument  Co.,  Limited 


862  DUPONT  STREET,  TORONTO 


PHONE  HILL.  3039 


Individual 

Designs 

Cheerfully 

Submitted 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


4MM«JM{& 


XR  A  Y^N^  HIGH  FREQUENCY 


APPARATUS 


iician 
Hospital 


Interrupterless 
X"Ray  I'ransiormer 


MEDAL  OF  HONOR 

Panama  Pacific  International 
Exposition 

San  Francisco         -         1915 


Model  "E" 

Portable  X-Ray 

and  High  Fie- 

quency  Coll 


Highest  Araard  to  X-Ra^  and  High  Frequency  Apparatus 

CAMPBELL  ELECTRIC  COMPANY,  Lynn,  Mass. 

Sales  Agrencies— Principal  Cities 


HOSPITAL  EFFICIENCY 

Heating  and  Ventilating  cannot  be 
made  an  entire  success  in  the  Hospital 
unless  the  efficient  "/vei7/i  Fan  "is  uscd- 

This  Fan  is  made  to  meet  the 
severest  requirements  of  operation, 
producing  a  constant  temperature  and 
varied  air  volume  according  to  your 
needs.  It  is  built  and  constructed  under 
the  latest  and  most  approved  plan  and 
in  addition  commends  itself  to  the 
economical  on  account  of  its  service 
-  *  and  durability. 

See  our  new  Catalogue  No.  55 

Sheldons  Limited,  Gait,  Ont. 

TORONTO  OFFICE,  609  KENT  BUILDING 
AGENTS  : 
Messrs.  Ross  &  Greie.  412  St.  James  St.,  Montreal,  Que. 
Messrs.  Walkers  Ltd.,  261  Stanley  St.,  Winnipeg,  Man. 

Messrs.  Gorman,  Clancey  &  Grindley  Ltd..  Calsrary  and  Edmonton,  Alt*. 
Messrs.  Robt    Hamilton  &  Co  ,  Ltd.,  Vancourer    B.C.,  (Bank  of  Ottawa  Bld».) 


Save  Money  m 


Save  money  and  raise  efficiency  at  the  same  time.  Correct  diagnosis 
is  the  keystone  of  Hospital  Efficiency.  Paragon  X-Ray  Plates  help 
wonderfully  in  making  correct  diagnosis,  because  of  their  speed, 
reliability,  and  perfect  results  in  contrasts  and  shadings.  Their  use  is  an 
economy  because  every  exposure  results  in  a  perfect  diagnostic  radiogram, 
saving  extra  exposures.     They  also  conserve  tubes. 

THIS  IS  FREE 

Here  is  a  little  book  which  puts  in  the  reach  of  every  X-Ray 
operator  a  technic  that  eliminates  guesswork,  improves 
results,  saves  tubes  and  jilates,  all  through  showing-  how  to 
know  in  advance  of  exposure  just  what  time  and  what 
quantity  of   X-Ray   to  use  on  any  case  with  any  apparatus. 


PARAGON 
-X-RAY- 

POrNTERS 


n 


PLATES 


SENT  FREE  ON  REQUEST 

"The  X-Ray  Bulletin"  jives   up-to-the-minute   information  of 
interest  to  the  Roentgenologfist  and  his  assistant.    Send  us  the 
names  of  your  staff,  and  we  will  send  it  to 
them  regularly.  It  will  show  them  economies. 


Geo.  W.  Brady  &  Company 

CHICAGO 


^/////mmin'iimn\mm\\\\\^^^ 


PHILLIPS'  MILK  OF  MAGNESIA 

"  The  Perfect  Antacid  " 

For    Correcting    Hyperacid    Conditions — Local    or    Systemic.       Vehicle    for    Salicylate*, 

Iodides,  Balsams,   Etc. 

Of  Advantage   in  Neutralizing  the  Acid   of  Cows'  Milk   for  Infant  and  Invalid   Feeding. 


Phillips'  Phospho-Muriate 
of  Quinine  compound 

Non-Alcoholic   Tonic  and  Reconstructive 

^Vith   Marked   Beneficial   Action   upon   the   Nervous   System.      To   be  relied   upon  where 
a   deficiency   of   the   Phosphates   is   evident. 

THE  CHAS.  H.  PHILLIPS  CHEMICAL  CO, 

LONDON     •     NEW  YORK 

Canadian    Representatives  :    The   Wingate    Chemical    Co.,  Ltd.,    545    Notre    Dame    W^., 
Montreal,  who  will   be   pleased   to   send  samples   upon   request. 


Oft  OPffirial  (irgan  nf  ®l)e  (Eanafitan  Ifnaptlal  AaHnrtattDti 


$3.00 
PER 

kmrn 


;(ferr<wi\fv. 


*V-«<pfl^-:. 


THE 


5o:c 

PEP 
COPY 


HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Vol.  X  (XXI)  Toronto,  December,  1916 


No.  6 


CONTENTS 


EDZTOBIAIiS. 

Page 
The     Canadian     Hospital     Situation 

Overseas 177 

OBIGINAI.    CONTRIBUTIONS. 

Little  Journeys.  By  Dr.  J.  N.  E. 
Brown,  Superintendent  of  Henry 
Ford    Hospital,    Detroit,    Mich...    183 

WAR   HOSFITAI.S. 

The  Canadian  Army  Medical  Service 

Under  the  Searchlight 190 

Western  University  Hospital  Unit.  .    197 
Minnewaska  Sanitarium,  Gravenhurst  200 

Bramshott   Military   Hospital    201 

Base  Hospital  Takes  Fire  Precau- 
tions         201 


Page 

Another  Canadian  Convalescent 
Home  for  Officers  at  Dieppe, 
France   202 

The  Duche.ss  of  Connaught  Canadian 

Hospital  at  Cliveden    202 

War      Hospital     Kun     Entirely      by 

Women    203 

Queen's     Hospital     to     Move     From 

Treport     205 

CANADIAN    HOSFITAI.S. 

St.  Elizabeth's  Hospital  at  Farnha-n, 

Quebec,  iJurned    206 

Needs   New   W'ng    207 

Double   Ontario   Hospital 20S 

$51,000    Raised    by     the     University 

Hospital   Supply   Association    .  .    208 
Hospital   Items    213 


;-wr^rr^=s? f 5-^-fr-  -rf 


'fj-^fr 


iS?y— .p; 


r«— sj^r— %»! 


Fellows^  Compound  S3nrup 
of  Hypophosphites 

1866-1916 

Not  a  new-born  prodigy  or  an  untried 
experiment,  but  a  remedy  whose  useful- 
ness has  been  fully  demonstrated  during 
half  a  century  of  clinical  application. 

For  50  Years  The  Standard 

5    Syr.  Hypophos.  Comp.  FELLOWS' 

_      .  ^  Cheap  and    Inefficient   Substitute* 

Keiect^  Preparation!  "Ju«t  as  Good" 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  the  Parliament  of  Canada,  in  the  year  one  thousand  nine  hundred  and  twelv* 
by  the  Publlshars  at  the  Department  of  Agriculture.     All   rights  reserved. 


LISTERINE 


the  well-proven  and  time-tried  antiseptic  solution,  has  been  prescribed  by  the 
Medical  Profession  with  very  satisfactory  results  for  35  j^ears  in  the  treat- 
ment of  Respiratory  Diseases  incident  to  Fall  and  Winter  climatic  conditions. 


LISTERINE 


one  part,  hot  water  three  parts,  is  a  useful  gargle  for  sore  throat.  In 
mucous  catarrhs,  Listerine,  suitably  diluted,  is  most  effectively  applied  by 
means  of  the  spray  apparatus  or  douche. 


LISTERINE 


is  not  only  a  vehicle  for  specially  indicated  alteratives,  resolvents  and 
astringents,  but  is  itself  an  efficient,  non-irritating  antiseptic  that  is  safe, 
pleasing  to  the  taste  and  promptly  effective. 

A  treatise  on   Respiratory   Diseases  will    be    forwarded    members    of   the   medical 
profession  on  request. 

LAMBERT  PHARMACAL  COMPANY 

TWENTY -FIRST   AND  LOCUST  STREETS,  ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 
66  GERRARD  STREET  E.,  TORONTO 


ORDER  YOUR  THERMOGENE  NOW 


Last  season  Thermogene  was  first  put  on 
the  Canadian  market  with  great  success. 

Thermogene  is  displayed  more  in  drug- 
gists' windows  throughout  the  British 
Isles  than  any  other  proprietary  article. 
It  is  also  used  extensively  in  the  trenches, 
over  1,250,000  boxes  being  sold  in  France 
last  year. 


Thermogene  simply  supersedes  the  old- 
fashioned  poultices  and  plasters.  It  is 
British-made,  from  the  inven'ion  of  Van- 
denbroeck,  the  great  Belgian  chemist. 
Being  a  scientifically  prepared  form  of 
absorbent  cotton,  medicinally  treated, 
possessing  strong  curative  and  heat  gen- 
erating properties. 


^  CURATIVE  WADDING  ^ 

The  approaching  Fall  and  Winter  Months  mean  a  big  trade 
in  Thermogene  for  you,  as  a  large  demand  will  be  created  by 
our  advertising  in  the  daily  papers  and  magazines  through- 
out Canada.     Send  in  an  order  for  Thermogene  to-day. 

Order  from  Your  Wholesaler  or  Direct  from 

Harold  F.  Ritchie  Co.,  Limited 

10-12-14  McCaul  Street  Toronto,  Can. 


Hec.    !!)](;  THE   HOSPITAL    WOELD 


Ether  for  Anaesthesia 

HARTZ 

AN  ETHER  SPECIALLY  PREPARED 
AND  PURIFIED  FOR  ANAESTHESIA 

By  a  new  process  invented  by 
PROF.  G.  MICHAELIS 


0 


This  new  process  enables  us  to  place  with  the 
Profession  an  Ether  far  superior  to  any  Ether  hereto- 
fore sold.  By  it,  impurities,  which  have  up  to  the 
present  been  found  in  small  quantities  in  the  best 
ethers,  have  been  entirely  eliminated. 

A  SIMPLE  TEST  MAY  BE  APPLIED  TO 
PROVE  THE  SUPERIORITY  OF  OUR  ETHER 

If  10-CC  of  our  Ether  be  shaken  with  1-CC  of  Nessler's 
reagent,  the  reagent  will  not  show  more  than  a  faint 
opalescence  ;  while  if  the  same  test  is  applied  to  other 
ethers  the  reagent  will  at  once  turn  dark,  due  to  the 
impurities  which  they  contain. 

We  Guarantee  the  Quality  of  Our  Ether 
and  Solicit   Your   Trial  Order 

SPECIAL  HOSPITAL  PRICES  FOR  QUANTITY 

THE  J.  F.  HARTZ  CO.,  LTD, 

Physicians*  and  Hospital  Supplies 

TORONTO  CANADA 


When   writing  advertisers,   please   mention    The   Hospital   World. 


n 


THE   HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Dec,   1016 


DOCTOR 


In  those  cases  where  it  is  so  necessary  that  the 
temperature  of  the  sick  room  be  kept  equable, 
you  will  be  consulting  the  best  interests  of  your 
patient  in  suggesting  that  they  have  installed  a 

Clark  Temperature  Booster 

It  can  be  readily  installed  on  any  Hot  Water 
Heating  System,  New  or  Old. 

It  will  increase  heat  with  no  additional  fuel 
consumption. 

It  will  hold  a  more  even  temperature  in  the  room.   It  is  low  in  cost.  Durable  in 
construction.   Cannot  wear  out  or  rust  ou  .      Fully  guaranteed.     Made  only  by 

W.  E.  Clark  Limited,  Toronto 

ALL  RELIABLE  STEAMFITTERS  HANDLE  IT 


J.  S.  GILES 


LICENSED    VENDOR    UNDER 
ONTARIO  TEMPERANCE  ACT 

WINES    AND    I.IQUOBS    OF    ALL    KINDS. 

I  am  now  in  a  position  to  fill  orders  for  Wines,  L,iquors.  Spirits 
for  use  in  the  profession  of  Physicians  and  Hospitals,  and  to 
fill   prescriptions   in   accordance  with    the  Act. 


PRICE   LIST 

Gin,  Holland,  Three  Star. 
Rum,  Jamaica,  One  Star.  . 

Three  Star 
Rye,  Whiskey,  One  Star  .  . 

Three  Star 


$2.00 
1.50 
2.00 
1.25 


Qt.,   $1.50 
1.50 


2.00 
1.00 
1.25 


GIX — CASE    GOODS. 

London  Dry $1.25   Qt.   Bot. 

Plymouth ; 1.35 

Booth's  Old  Tom 1.35 

Canadian  Dry  Gins    1.00 

,$1.50,  $1.75,  $2.00  bot. 


BULK  GOODS. 

Alcohol.    65   O.P Qt 

Brandv,   Cognac,   One   Star.  .  .     " 

Three    Star.     " 

Gin,  Holland.  One  Star. " 

BRANDY — CASE   GOODS. 

Hennessy's  One  Star Qt.,  $2.00 

Three  Star '•  2.50 

V.O "  2.75 

RUM— CASE   GOODS— $1.75    Qt. 
RYE    WHISKEY — CASE     GOODS. 
$1.00   to   $1.20   Qt.   Bot. 
Imported  Scotch  and  Irish  Whiskies,  bottled  by  distillers. 

Canadian  Port  Wine   35c.  and  50c.  bot. 

Imported  Port  Wine.. $1.00,  $1.25,   $1.50,  $1.75,  $2.00  bot.         Champagne,  Qt.,  $4.50 
Imported  Sherry  "Wine.  .$1.00,    $1.25,    $1.50,   $1.75,   $2.00   bot.  "  Pt.,      2.75 

Vin  St.  Michel,  Invalid  Port.. $1.25  bot.  Champagne,  Louis  Duvau,  Qts.,      2.75 

Guinness  Stout,  Qts.,  $3.75  doz.;  Pts.,  $2.50  doz.  "  "  "        Pts.,     1.75 

Ale,   Beer,   Porter,    large  bottles $1.80  dozen,    including  bottles. 

half  bottles 1.25 

Refund  of  3c,  each  on  large  bottles  and  2c.  on  half-size  bottles.     The  above 
prices  include  war  stamps  on   wine. 

SHIPPING  BY   EXPRESS. 
Extra  charge  of  15c.   will  be   made  for  crating  one  single  bottle  of   Spirits, 
and  20c,  extra  for  crating  12  bottles  of  Ale,  Beer  or  Porter. 

PRICES  SUBJECT  TO  CHANGE  WITHOUT  NOTICE. 
Other  prices  and  order  forms  mailed  to  any  address  upon  appli- 
cation  anywhere   in    the   Province   of   Ontario. 

J.    S.  GILES,    110-112   CHURCH  ST.,  TORONTO 


Dec,  1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WOKLD 


111 


Exact  Knowledge  vs.  Guesswork 

Where  Do  You  Stand? 

All  Modern  Experience  Points  to  the  Absolute  Neces- 
sity of  Scientific  Treatment  of  Boiler  Feed  Waters 

Dearborn  Treatment,  by  its  remarkable  results,  has  convinced  the  industrial 
world  that  the  remedy  for  boiler  feed  water  troubles  lies  in  scientific  analysis  and 
special  treatment  for  each  individual  case. 

Dearborn  Treatment  is  to  ordinary  "boiler  compounds"  what  eminent,  scien- 
tific diagnosis  and  prescription  is  to  quack  nostrums  and  "cure-alls." 

Dearborn  Treatment  is  based  upon  an  expert,  scientific  analysis  of  a   sample  of 

the  boiler  feed  water  you  are  using.  The  analysis,  tests  and  compounding  of  the 
correct  remedy  are  conducted  in  the  largest,  most  modern  and  elaborately  equipped 
laboratories  and  manufacturing  plant  devoted  to  the  science  of  water  treatment 
in  existence. 

Dearborn  Treatment  gives  you  the  benefit  of  the  world's  largest  existing  fund 

of  data  and  experience  relating  to  water  treatment. 

Dearborn  Chemical  Company  of  Canada,  Limited 

General  Offices,  Laboratory  and  Works,  1220-1230  Dundas  St.,  Toronto,  Ont. 


ELECTRIC   CENTRIFUGES 
INTERNATIONAL    INSTRUMENT    COMPANY 

Are  used  in  the  Laboratories  of  the  Leading 

Hospitals   of   Canada   and   the  United   States 

23  Church  St.  Cambridge,    Mass. 

Send  for  Catalog  Ca. 


Electrically  Lighted 
Surgical  Instruments 


Kjeldahl 
Stills 


Bottle 
Shakers 


Minot 
Rotary 


Paraffin 
Microtomes 


Modern  General  Diagnostic  Outfit 

This  Outfit  now  weighs  but  4'/4  pounds,  and  measures 
3}4  X  7  X  15  inches,  makine  it  very  convenient  to  carry.  The 
instmiments  arc  equipped  with  tuncrstcn  lamps. 

Price  :  Case  with  battery  and  instruments,  complete, 
$40.00. 

The  more  brilliant  illumination  and  lower  temperature 
of  the  tunesten  lamps  with  which  they  are  now  equipped, 
have  ETtatly  increased  the  usefulness  of  E.  S.  I.  Co.  instru- 
ments, such  as 

Jackson  Bronchoscopes  and  Laryng^eal  Specula 

Holmes  Nasopharynx oscopes 

Tutlle  and  Lynch  Procto-Sig'moidoscopes 

Braasch  Cystoscopet 

Koch,  Swinburne  and  Young  Urethroscopes,  etc 

Eighth  Edition  of  our  Catalogue  upon  request. 

ELECTRO  SUBGICAMNSTRUMENT  CO..  Rochester.  N.V 


IV 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Dec,  1916 


INVALID  STOUT 

For  Weak  Folks 


f^'^QTRENGTHENING 
iiC  !  nourishing  qualities,  conm- 
l3  i  bined  witti  a  really 
B0QO1H  acceptable  flavor,  make 
Dominion  Brewery's  Invalid  Stout 
the  ideal  beverage  for  convales- 
cents and  bilious  people.  It  is 
digestible  and  non-gassy. 

Order  at  any  of  the  dealers 

Dominion  Brewery  Co., 


LIMITED 


TORONTO 


iiniiiiitiiiPiMiiiiiiii 


iitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiimiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiii 


No.  106. 

Strong,  substantial,  heavily  silver- 
plated,  highly  polished. 


r*iiiliiMllllliini 


lliiiniiiliiiiiiii 


PHYSICIANS  KNOW 


that  the  days  of  the  common  Drinkinc  Cup  arc  passed 
and  gone.  One  of  the  marked  advances  in  Sanitation 
during  the  past  year  or  two  is  the  introduction  of  the 
Single  Service  Sanitary  Drinking  Cup  as  a  guarantee 
against  infection  from  many  types  of  Communicable 
Disease.  Not  only  Members  of  trie  Profession,  but 
all  Public  Institutions,  including  Hospitals,  should 
acquaint  themselves  with  the  merits  of 

The  Vortex  System 

which  dispenses  entirely  with  the  washing  and  steriliz- 
ing of  Glasses  and  Chinawarc,  The  VORTEX  SYSTEM 
is  unquestionably  the  most  Sanitary  in  exis'ence  and  has 
already  the  endorsement  of  a  large  number  of  Health 
Authorities.  It  may  be  said  without  fear  of  contradic- 
tion that  it  meets  the  requirements  of  all  Sanitary  Laws 
in  reference  to  the  PREVENTION  of  THE  SPREAD 
OF  DISEASE. 

The  cups  are  made  of  pure  white  rice  paper,  paraf- 
fined, and  the  initial  cost  is  trifling.  Once  installed  in 
an  institution,  the  System  will  never  be  substitute'd. 
The  cups  are  made  for  either  hot  or  cold  drinks  and 
once  used  are  immediately  discarded. 

You  are  asked  to  write  for  particulars. 

Canadian 
Wm.  A.  Rogers  Limited 

570  King  Street  West    -     -    Toronto 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Dec,  .1916 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


U1M>M|A' 


XP  A  Y  ^ND  HIGH  FREQUENCY 


APPARATUS 


iician 
Hospital 


Interrupterless 
X-Ray  Transformer 


MEDAL  OF  HONOR 

Panama  Pacific  International 
Exposition 

San  Francisco         -         19i5 


Model  "E" 
Portable  X-Ray 
and  High  Fre- 
quency Coil 


Highest  Award  to  X-Rap  and  High  Frequency  Apparatus 

CAMPBELL  ELECTRIC  COMPANY,  Lynn,  Mass. 

Sales  Agencies— Principal  Cities 


HOSPITAL  EFFICIENCY 


Heating  and  Ventilating  cannot  be 
made  an  entire  success  in  the  Hospital 
unless  the  efficient  "Keith  Fan"h  used- 

This  Fan  is  made  to  meet  the 
severest  requirements  of  operation, 
producing  a  constant  temperature  and 
varied  air  volume  according  to  your 
needs.  It  is  built  and  constructed  under 
the  latest  and  most  approved  plan  and 
in  addition  commends  itself  to  the 
economical  on  account  of  its  service 
and  durability. 

See  our  new  Catalogue  No.  55 . 


~~»n«aSfi4>^ 


Sheldons  Limited,  Gait,  Ont, 

TORONTO  OFFICE,  609  KENT  BUILDING 
AGENTS  : 
Mesarc.  Ross  &  Greie,  412  St.  James  St.,  Montreal,  Que. 
Messrs.  Walkers  Ltd.,  261  Stanley  St.,  Winnipeg.  Man. 

Messrs.  Gorman,  Clancey  &  Grindley  Ltd.,  Calgary  and' Edmonton,  Alta. 
Messrs.  Robt    Hamilton  &  Co  ,  Ltd.,  Vancouver    B.C.,  (Bank  of  Ottawa  Bldg.) 


When    wiiiint;   adverliser.s,    please   mention    The   Hospital    World. 


VI 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Dec,  1916 


CATALOGUE  "C" 

jil       write:  for  it,» 


^^^  write:   Ft>i-c  ii,« 

FOR^POMESOR  HOSPITALS 

FOR  CARRYING  PATIENTS  UP  OR  DOWN  STAIRS. 
CAN  ALSO  BE  USED  ON  THE  LEVEL 
BY  DETACHING  CARRYING  BARS, 
MAKES  A  FIRST  CLASS 

LIBRARY  VERANDAH 
ORSMOKINGROOMCHAIR. 

THE  n 

Gendron 

MFG.  CO. 

LIMITED 


COWAN'S  COCOA 

IS   ABSOLUTELY  PURE 


As  a  sick-room  beverage 
Cowan's  Cocoa  is  highly 
recommended  on  account 
of  its  high  quality  and 
absolute  purity.  It  is  made 
of  the  best  selected  cocoa 
beans,  scientifically  blend- 
ed, and  contains  no  for- 
eign elements.  And  it  is 
prepared  in  a  large  modern 
factory  where  the  most 
sanitary  conditions  are' 
maintained. 


THE  COWAK  CO.,  LIMITED 

TORONTO 


Hospital  Superintendents 

should  be  glad  to  know  that  there's  no  pseudo-patriotic  penalty 
of  long  price  involved  in  the  use  of 

MADE-IN-CANADA 

SEED  X-RAY   PLATES 

In  quality  they  are  the  same  as  the  plate  that  has  won  the 
lead  in  the  United  States,  and  are  offered  at  the  same  price  as 
in  the  United  States. 

Quality  first,  price  next — you  can  have  them  both  in  home- 
made goods.  It  is  economy  to  patronize  home  industry.  De- 
scriptive Leaflet  and  Price  List  sent  on  request. 

CANADIAN    KODAK    CO. 

LIMITED 

TORONTO,  CANADA 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   Tne   Hospital    'World. 


Dec,   IWIG 


THE  HOSPITAL   WOiiLD 


vn 


AN  ODORLESS  HOSPITAL 

The  particular  attention  of  Hospital  Superintendents  is  called  to 

ROSEALENE  Odorless  Disinfectant 

It  is  an  ideal  preparation  for  use  in  Institutions  or  the  private  sick  room,  as  will  be  seen  from  the 
follo\ving  letter  received  by  the  manufacturers  : 

DEPARTMENT  OF    HEALTH 
Chas.  J.    Hastings,  M.D.,  Medical  Officer  of  Health 

RIVERDALE    ISOLATION    HOSPITAL 
M.  B.  Whyte,  B.A.,  M.S.,  Medical  Superintendent 

Rosealene   Products   Limited,    City.  TORONTO,    July    7tl>.    1916. 

GENTLEMEN : 

It  affords  me  pleasure  to  testify  to  the  value  of  Rosealene  as  a  deodorant,  particularly  for  Hospital 
use.  I  have  used  Rosealene  with  success  as  a  deodorant  where  other  c'isinfectants  have  not  proved  satis- 
factory. For  bathrooms  and  bathroom  utensils,  sinks,  e  :..  it  is  ideal,  having  the  advantage  of  being 
odorless  and  perfectly  harmless,  as  \vell  as  most  effective.  Yours  truly. 

KATE  MATHIESON.  Supi.  of  Sunt,. 
ROSEALENE  is  not  only  absolutely  odorless,  but  stainless. 

Rosealene  Odorless  Disinfectant  will  , keep  an  odor  suppressed  twenty  times  as  long  as 
the  old  Coal  Tar  Disinfectant,  %vith  its  obnoxious  odor,  hence  the  saving  of  disinfectant  and  labor. 
Rosealene  Odorless  Disinfectant  will  keep  the  odor  from  an  ordinary  toilet  suppressed 
for  twenty-four  hours  or  longer,  while  the  coal  tar  disinfectant  destroys  the  odor  only  about  one 
hour,  when  the  odor  of  the  toilet  and  the  coal  tar  disinfectant  "re  both  to  be  contended  ■with  as 
separate   odors,  proving  lack  of  efficiency. 

We  are  ready  and  willing  to  supply  any  Hospital  with  more  than  sufficient  ROSEALENE  to 
thoroughly  test  it  and  unless  it  is,  in  every  way,  as  represented  ^ve  expect  no  sale.  Under  such 
circumstances,  is  it  not  worthy  of  a  trial  7 

ROSEALENE  PRODUCTS   LIMITED  ^^'oRON%°ciNADk* 

Telephone  Adelaide  3659 


CEND  your  Christmas 
^  parcels  for  overseas 
early  this  year — there'll 
be  a  rush  later. 

To  give  a  lot  of  pleasure, 
include 

Adams' 

Tutti  Frutti 

Gum 

A  box  holds  five  different 
flavors,  securely  wrapped. 
This  is  good  to  remember 
and  to  suggest  to  your  friends. 


PHYSICIANS    PREFER 


GLOSS 


d 


G/    r  FLAT 

WHITE    ENAMEL 

SANITARY 

WASHABLE 


-DUSTPROOF 


ARTISTIC 

Will  Not    Turn  Yellow 

Elastica  ^'^*^  Perfect  Floor  Finish 
—  Send    lor    Sample  Paper 


TORONTO 


ON  FARIO 


When   wiitinj;   advertise,  s.    ple.ise   mention   Tlis   Hospital    WorUl. 


vm 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Dec,  1916 


The  Alexandra 

University  Avenue 
TORONTO 


Offers  many  advantages  in 
its  unequalled  location,  ex- 
cellent cuisine,  quietness  and 
solid  comfort.  The  accom- 
modation offered  ranges  from 
one  Bedroom  with  Bath  to 
Suites  of  one  and  two  Bed- 
rooms with  Bath  and  Parlor 

FoTJurther  injormaiion  write  the  Manager 

The  Alexandra 

University  Avenue 
TORONTO 


A  Strictly 
Sanitary  Laundry 

Two  of  our  strong  points  are: 

1st.  We  will  not  accept  laundry 
from  any  place  where  there 
is  contagious  disease. 

2nd.  Our  prompt  delivery. 

Ever  go  to  dress  and  find 
that  CLEAN  LINEN  you 
counted    on     hadn't    come  ? 

No  trouble  like  that  with 
the  Yorkville  Laundry 
Prompt  delivery  is  an  ab- 
solute     rule     with     us. 

Yorkville  Laundry 

45  Elm  St.,  Toronto       Phone  M.  1589 


RETAIL  PRICES 

No.  1-$1.50,  No.  2-$2 
Quantities- 


Floor-Polisher 


DUSTING 


MOP 


CHEMICALLY  TREATED 
Two  Sizes 


This  is  the  most  effec- 
tive style  for  Institu- 
tional uses.  The  fabric 
spreads  in  use,  No.  1 
to  19",  No.  2  to  23". 
Every  trial  results  in 
repeat  orders. 

Address — 

TARBOX  BROS. 

Rear  274  Dundas  St.,  TORONTO 

When  writing-  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   "World. 


Dee.,   1916 


THE   IIOSriTAL   WOIUA) 


IX 


Protect  Your  Health 

OPHE     various    contagious    diseases 
•*■     that    have  existed    the    past    year 
should    be     sufficient     warning    to    all 
householders  to  insure  good  health. 

The  constant  daily  use  of  a  Reliable 
Odorless  disinfectant  will  prevent  the 
spread  of  disease  germs  and  leave  a 
clean,  healthy  atmosphere. 

CUhlorides 

1^1,3  inrGc-tan-b 

Sold  everywhere   in  two   sizes — 25c. 
and  50c. 

Safe,  efficient  and  economical. 

Does  not  stain  it  diluted. 

HENRY  B.  PLATT,  51  Cliff  St. 

NEW  YORK  CITY 


A  POPULAR  PHYSICIAN 

The  >.ommon-sense  treatment 
of  uric  acid  diathesis,  gout,  and 
other  therapeutically  trouble- 
some stages  of  rheumatism,  by 
recommending  the  dail.y  use  of 
PLUTO  WATER  has  helped  to 
build  many  a  physician's  repu- 
tation. 

Clinical  data,  pubstantiating 
the  claims  made  for  PLUTO 
WATER  mailed  on  request. 

PLUTO 

Bottled  by  the  FRENCH  LICK  SPRINGS  HOTEL  CO., 
French  Lick,  Indiana. 


LIABILITY  of 


PHYSICIANS,  SURGEONS,  DENTISTS 
and  DRUGGISTS 

LIABILITY  on  account  of 

Automobile  Accidents 

involving    injury    to    PERSONS    or    PROPERTY    (including    Owner's) 

INSURANCE   for   LOSS   OF   INCOME 
by  reason  of  ACCIDENT  and  SICKNESS 


UNDERTAKEN    BY 


The  General  Accident  Assurance  Company  of  Canada 

Continental  Life  Building,  Toronto,  Ontario 
Represented  in  aU  important  parts  of  Canada.  Enquiries  respectfuHy  solicited 

JOHN  J.  DURANCE,  Mananer 


When   writing-  advertisers,   please  niention   The   Hospital    World. 


THE   HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Dec.  1916 


Canada 

Has 

No 

Pure 

Bedding 

Laws: 

We 

Have" 


HOSPITAL    EQUIPMENT     ^^'hen   in   the  market    for    beds,   mattresses  or 

1 kindred    hospital  equipment,   ask   us  to  quote 

prices.  Many  Canadian  hospitals  use  Alaska  beds  and  Ostermoor  mattresses. 

THE  PARKHILL  MANUFACTURING  CO..  Limited 

Successors  to  The  Alaska  Feather  &  Down  Co.,  Limited 
WINNIPEG  MONTREAL  VANCOUVER 


GERMICIDAL  SOAP 

For  Hospital  use.  the  Soap  par  excellence. 

For  preparing  antiseptic  solutions  '  no  weighing,    measuring 
or  waste  . 

For  sterilizing  hands,  instruments  and  site  of  operation. 

For  cleansing  wounds  ( bruises,  abrasions,  ulcers,  etc.). 

For  disinfecting  surface  lesions. 

For  lubricating  sounds  and  specula.     It  does  not  affect  nickel 
or  steel  instruments,  but  acts  on  silver  or  aluminum. 

Germicidal  Soap  lends  itself  to  a  hundred  uses  in  the  Hospital. 
Our  w^ord  and  reputation  are  back  of  its  worth. 

Sample  with  descriptive  literature  sent  on  request. 

PARKE,    DAVIS    Ch    CO. 

WALKERVILLE  ONTARIO 

Eastern  Depot — US  St.  Paul  Street  \V'..  Montreal.   Quebec. 


"SVlien   ■nTitin?  advertisers,    please   mention   Ti:e   Hospital    Worli. 


Dec.    IfMO 


THE    irOSriTAL   \V(Jl{Ll) 


XI 


TW^^^TT^^rnTTTTT 


^nwnT^TTTffWTTW 


■  ■  IIMIIIHtliMMIMMiMIMMf  UiHIIIIMMtlMMMHIII 


Physician's  Scale. 

Designed  especially  for  use  in  Hospitals, 
in  offices  of  physicians.  Something  that  is 
essential  in  connection  with  every  private 
bathroom. 

Scale  is  ordinarily  finished  black,  with  bronze 
ornamentation,  but  is  also  furnished  in  ligrht  colors, 
elaborately   ornamented,   with   nicWel-plated    beam 
Scale  is  furnished  with  or  without  measurinK  rod 
as  desired.    Write  (or  prices. 

GURNEY  SCALE  CO. 

HAMILTON,  ONT. 


'Tes--my  dear 

Lifebuoy     Health 
Soap    is    most    re- 
freshing, cleansing 
and  healthful  after 
the  day's  work.  " 

The  cream  of  oils 
it  contains  is  sooth- 
ing and  healing  as 
well  as  cleansing, 
while  its  mild  car- 
bolic solution  means 
no  germs.  The  odor 
proclaims  Lifebuoy 
an  honest  Soap — it 
vanishes  immediate- 
ly after  use. 


11  All    grocers   sell 


LIFEBUOY 

HEALTH 


5  DAP 


Ibll 


'HH"l!"'l":l'"i"lH|lil,|M,|||lill|lii|||i| 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mtrniiuii  Tl.e   Hut>i>ltal    Worl<i. 


xii  THE   HOSPITAL  WOELD  Dec,  1916 


To  Lysol  Buyers 


THE  attention  of  the  Hospitals  is  respectfully 
called  to  this  FACT,  that  when  in  need 
of  the  above  they  can  procure  an  article 
identical  to  Lysol,  under  the  name  of  "  Solyol," 
which  is  manufactured  in  Canada  and  is  guaranteed 
by  Bacteriological  and  all  other  tests  to  be  identical 
to   Lysol. 

They  also  manufacture  Polusterine,  the  only  non-poisonous 
disinfectant  on  the  market  with  the  same  Rydal  Walker  co- 
efficient as  the  above.  This  is  a  medicinal  article  prepared 
from  the  essential  oil  of  the  pine  (Pinus  Palustris)  with 
Eucalyptol,  Oil  of  Thyme,  etc.;  is  miscible  in  water  to  any 
strength  desired  and  has  the  pleasant  odor  of  the  pine.  Will 
dry  up  Poison  Ivy  and  Scaly  Eczema  in  from  four  to  eight 
days.  Contains  neither  Soap  nor  Rosin.  Ideal  for  bathing 
patients  recovering  from  contagious  diseases. 

SAMPLES  AND  LITERATURE  WILL  CHEERFULLY 
BE    FURNISHED    ON    APPLICATION    TO  THE 

POLUSTERINE   PRODUCTS  CO.  OF  CANADA 

Toronto,  Ont. 


HEADQUARTERS    FOR 

OFFICERS'  KHAKI  UNIFORMS 

AND  EQUIPMENT  FOR 

ARMY    MEDICAL    CORPS. 

WARRANTED  Correct  in  Dasij.i  aad  Fit  at  Raasonable  Prices 


DOCTOR'S  HOSPITAL  SUITS 
HOSPITAL  LINEN 


THE      MILLER      MANUFACTURING,     LIMITED, 

44-46    YORK     STREET  -  -  TORONTO,     ONTARIO 

Uniform  Contractors  to  the  Dominion  and  Imperial  Governments. 

When  Enquiring  be  sure  to  Specify  what  you  are  Particularly  Interested  in. 


"When   writing-  advertisers,    please   mention   Tlie   Hospital   World. 


Dec.   19]  G 


THE  HOSPITAL  WUKLJ) 


Xlll 


Ingram 

& 

Bell 

LIMITED 

TORONTO 


OurSundry  Catalog 
awaitsyour  request 


Hospital  Supplies 


Sole  Agents  for 

BR  AM  HALL  DEANE 

HIGH  PRESSURE  STERH.IZERS 

WAPPLER  TRANSFORMERS 

and 

HIGH  FREQUENCY  APPARATUS 


Our  Specialties : 


Manufacturer's  of 

HYPODERMIC  TABLETS 

COMPRESSED  TABLETS 

ELIXIRS,  OINTMENTS,  Etc. 

FULL  LINE  OF  DRUGS 


A  postal  requesting  quotations  will  receive 
imm:diate  attention. 


La  Deesse 
Corsets 

Excel  in  Style 

Comfort 

Satisfaction 


Try  them  and  be 
convinced. 


GASTROGEN 

TABLETS 

Correct 
•  v. 

lYPERACIDITY 

Sample  On  Request 
Bristol' Myers  Co. 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


I 


^^STRO(r£•;Vi 
TABLETS 


A  NcuTuia  M  Ow  Jtnc  I 


msssssasoi, 


n»*.'i,:i.^*tn»> 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital  World. 


XIV 


THE    HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Dec,  191(> 


CALYDOR    SANATORIUM    ON    LAKE    MUSKOKA 

Dr.  G.  D.  PARFITT,  Medical  Director. 


A  new  and  especially  constructed  sanatorium  for  the  treatment  of  tuberculosis  in  a  climate 
that  is  fine,  sunny  and  invigorating  both  summer  and  winter.  With  the  facilities  afforded 
the  out-of-door  life  in  winter  will  be  found  entirely  agreeable  as  well  as  highly  beneficial. 

Accommodation  for  twenty-one  patients.  Convenience  and  comfort  most  carefully 
studied.  Every  room  has  private  sleeping  porch  to  which  bed  may  be  readily  rolled  through 
French  windows.  Several  pairs  of  rooms  en  suite,  with  bath.  Elevator.  Excellent  heatine: 
system. 

Efficient   nursing    service.      Thoroughly   modern  laboratory  and  X-ray  room. 

Particular  attention  given  laryngeal  cases.  Collapse  of  the  lung,  tuberculin  and 
specially    prepared    vaccines    used    when    indicated. 

Moderate  Rates.  Dr.  D.  W.  Crombie,  Resident  Physician. 

For  information  address:  Calydor  Sanatorium  Iiimited,  Gravenhurst,  Ontario,  Canada. 


"r\OCTOR : — In  this  age  the  critical  and  progressive 
■*^  Doctor  has  a  keen  appreciation  for  that  which  is 
giving  quick  results. 

JAMUN  COMPOUND  IN  DIABETES 

IS    SPECIFIC    I  IM    ACTION 

A  modern  product,  strictly  ethical.  Literature  will 
be  sent  to  members  of  the  Medical  Profession  upon 
application. 

The  National  Drug  and  Chemical  Company  are 
the  wholesale  distributing  agents  for  Canada. 

THE    JAMUN    COMPANY 
343-344  Loeb  Arcade,        -        -        Minneapolis,  Minn. 


Wlien   writing  advertisers,    please   mention    The   Hospital    World. 


Dec,   191G 


THE  HOSPITAL   \V()1?LI) 


XV 


ARTIFICIAL    EYE    AID 

If  it  were  not  for  tfie  Eyeglass,  the  Spectacle 
and  the  combination  of  lenses.  Scientists  and  the 
world  would  be  laboring  in  darkness. 

TORONTO  OPTICIANS,  Limited 

(PERCY  THE   OPTICIAN) 
6    BLOOR   STREET   EAST      -      Corner  of  Yonge   Street 

PHONE   NORTH   2824  TORONTO 

Oculists'    Prescriptions   Filled 

LENSES  GROUND   ON   THE   PREMISES 


SANITARY  WASHING    APPLIANCES 

Manufactured    by 

CANADA  WIRE  AND  IRON  GOODS  CO.,  HAMILTON 


Illustrating  our  HOLDER  AND  BASKETS  for  Sterilizing  Glasses  and  Silverware 

This  type  of  equioment  is  in  use  at  llie  Guelph  Asricultura!  College.  IXQUIRIES    SCLICITFl) 

We  Manufacture  METAL   LOCKERS  and  HOSPITAL  TABLES 


Physicians  With 
Autos— Attention! 

HOSPITAL  FOR 
AUTO  TOPS 

Your  auto  top  is  as  essential  in  bad 
weather  as  your  top  coat. 

If  it  is  leaky  or  shabby,  we  repair  it — 
WATERPROOF  it  and  guarantee  it  not 
to  leak,  rot  or  mildew  ;  you  can  put  it 
down  directly  after  a  shower.  If  it  is 
new  we  PRESERVE   it  indefinitely. 

We  replace  broken  celluloid,  repair 
envelopes,  side  curtains,  etc. 

Old  tops  made  good  and  serviceable. 

The    T.    Hopkins    Auto    Top 
Renew  Company 

200  Gerrard  Street  East 
(Cor.  Sherbourne) 

M.^4426  TORONTO  n!*3T62 


For  Hospital  Sun  Rooms 


A.r  S  M  A  L  i:S,;y^^:f[^,  f- 
IMPROVED     'i/i :c—^-W<^^j  > 


l^N  AQUARIA 


114  O'HARA   AVE. TORONTO." 


SAL  HEPATICA 

The  Ideal 

Saline 

Eliminant 

In 

Rheuiniatic 

Conditions 

Bristol' Myers  Co. 
New  York 


XVI 


THE    HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Dec.  1916 


WHEN  ORDERING 


Hospital  Sheeting 
Hot  Water  Bottles 
Rubber  Tubing 
Surgeon's 

Bandages 
Umbilical  Belts 


Ice  Bags 
Atomizers 
Breast  Pumps 
Invalid  Cushions 
Operating 

Cushions 
Vaginal  Douches 


Ice  Caps 
Syringes 
Catheters 
Colon 

Tubes 
Pessaries 
Urinals 


SPECIFY  OUR  BRANDS 

We  are    the    only  Makers    of  these    Goods    in     Canada 


CANADIAN  CONSOLIDATED  RUBBER  CO. 

LIMITED 

MONTREAL  -  -  P.Q. 

28  "  Service  "  Branches  Throughout  Canada 


TIT?    A  ^  A  T      Granular 
^  XVrVkjrVl^    Effervescent 

Urotropin,  Piperazine,   Benzo-CitrateHof  Lithia 

The  contmual  mcreasmg  demand  demonstrates  the 
results  Physicians  derive  from  the  use  of  this  Salt  in 
Rheumatism,  or  where  the  medicants  are  indicated. 

Free  Sample  on  Request. 


Frank    W.    Horner,   Limited 

Manufacturing  .Chemists 

142  St.  Urbain  Street  -:-  Montreal 


When   writing  advertisers,    please  mention   Tlie   Hospital   World. 


®1|^  If  pa^ittal  Wvitih 

(Incorporating  The  Journal  of  Preventive  Medicine  and   Sociology) 

A    Journal    published    in    the    interests    of    Hospitals,    Sanatoria.    Asylums,    and 
Public    Charitable    Institutions     throughout    the    British     Empire. 


lEbttorH 


"  Ifaopital  Haintf naitrf  antt 
Jffiuanrp  " 


C.J.  CO.  HASTINGS.  Medical  Healtt 
Officer.  City  of  Toronto:  HELEN  MAC- 
MURCHY.  B.A..  M.D..  Assistant  Inspector 
of  Hospitals,  Province  of  Ontario  ;  and  MR. 
CONRAD  THIES.  late  Secy.,  Royal  Free 
Hospital.    London.    England. 

"  IJ^OBpttal  iEqutpmpttt  anJ» 
Appltanrpa  " 

N.  A.  POWELL.  M.D..  CM.,  Senior 
Assistant  Surgeon  in  charge  Shields'  Emerg- 
ency Hospital,  Professor  Medical  Jurisprudence, 
Medical  Department.  University  of  Toronto. 

"  l^napitalfl  aitJi  Prpuptttiuf 
iKcbirine  " 

J.   W.    S.    McCULLOUGH.    M.D..  Chief 

Officer  of  Health  for  the  Province  of  Ontario. 
J.  H.  ELLIOTT.  M.D.,  Asst.  Medicine  and 
Clinical  Medicine,  Univ.  of  Toronto. 

P.  H.  BRYCE.  M.D.,  Chief  Medical  Officer, 
Dept.  of  The  Interior,  Ottawa. 


"  Nuratitg  Hpparlmrnt  " 
MISS  MARGARET   CONROY.   Boston 

Mass. 

"  Ifospttal  Qlnnalrurtion  " 

CHRISTIAN  R.  HOLMES.  M.D..  Cincin- 
nati. Ohio  ;  DONALD  J.  MACKINTOSH. 
M.D..  M.V  O.,  Medical  Superintendent, 
Western  Infirmary,  Glasgow. 

"  fMrbtral  ©rgantEaltnn  " 

HERBERT  A.  Bi.UCE.   M.D.,   F.R.S.C. 

Surgeon.  Toronto  General  Hospital.  Toronto  ; 
H.  A.  BOYCE.  M.D..  Kingston.  Ont.  ;  H. 
E.  WEBSTER.  Esq..  Superintendent  the 
Royal  Victoria  Hospital.  Montreal.  P.Q.  ; 
W.  A.  YOUNG.  M.D..  L.R.C.P..  London. 
Consultant.  Toronto  Hospital  for  Incurables. 
Toronto. 

"  ^urtalogi}  " 

J.  T.  GILMOUR.  M.D.,  Warden,  Central 
Prison,  Guelph,  Ont. 

"  Subrrruloata  Sanatoria  " 

GEORGE  D.  PORTER,  M.D.,  Toronto  : 
J,  H.  HOLBROOK.  M.B..  Physician-in- 
Chief,  Mountain  Sanatorium.  Hamilton,  Ont. 


All   Communications,   Correspondence,    and    Matter    regarding    Subscriptions   and 

Advertisements    TO    BE    ADDRESSED     TO     "THE     HOSPITAL 

WORLD."     145      COLLEGE     ST..     TORONTO.     ONT. 

Reprints,  including  Half-tones,  etc..  Supplied  Authors  at  Net  Cost. 


Vol.   X. 


TORONTO,  DECEMBER,  1916 


No. 


Editorials 


THE  CANADIAN  HOSPITAL  SITUATION 

OVERSEAS 


Judging  from  Colonel  Herbert  Bruce's  report, 
recently  filed  with  the  Minister  of  Militia,  a  resume 
of  which  will  be  found  in  this  issue,  there  are  many 


178  THE    HOSPITAL   WOELD  Dec,  1916 

reasons  why  the  different  Hospital  Units  sent  from 
Canada  and  now  stationed  in  England,  France, 
Egypt  and  Greece  are  in  immediate  need  of  re-organi- 
zation. It  is  quite  evident  that  there  has  been  gross 
mismanagement  in  many  quarters,  and  our  Depart- 
ment of  Militia  and  Defence  did  well  in  sending  so 
representative  a  member  of  the  profession  in  Canada 
to  look  into  hospital  affairs  in  the  Old  Country  and, 
in  conjunction  with  a  duly  appointed  Board,  make 
recommendations  that  would  result  in  such  matters 
being  put  on  a  proper  basis. 

The  report  is  exceedingly  thorough  and  compre- 
hensive and  will  have  a  most  beneficial  effect,  provid- 
ing meddling  politicians  be  told  that  it  is  a  case  of 
"  Hands  off." 

Artists  tell  us  of  the  great  importance  of  true  per- 
spective, so  in  discussing  any  absorbing  question  of 
the  day,  everything  depends  on  the  viewpoint,  the 
correctness  of  which  can  only  be  judged  by  having, 
for  its  pivotal  point,  incontestable  fact.  Unfortu- 
nately, hastily  formed  opinions  and  rushing  into  the 
lay  press,  and  commands  flying  across  the  cable  wires 
by  partially  informed  ladies,  have  caused  comment 
and  discussion  of  the  report,  which  to  the  minutest 
detail  is  based  on  verified  fact. 

Women  have  taken  a  beautiful  helpful  place  in 
this  world's  war — all  hats  off  to  them ! — but  we  im- 
plore them  to  stay  on  that  pedestal  where  they 
have  so  worthily  climbed,  revered  by  all,  and  not  come 
down  to  meddle  in  what  is  not  their  business.  Knowl- 


Dec,  1916  THE   HOSPITAL   WOELD  179 

edge  is  power;  but  a  little  (executive)  knowledge  is 
a  dangerous  thing. 

Who  is  there  who  does  not  proudly  claim  alle- 
giance to  Great  Britain,  and  who  dares  not  to  honor 
the  Grand  Old  Flag  that  has  so  long  and  so  nobly 
"  braved  the  battle  and  the  breeze  "?  We  know  of 
none.  Then  why  even  refer  to  Imperialism,  or  hint 
at  the  lack  of  that  spirit  in  those  whose  views  slightly 
differ  and  prefer  that  their  boys  convalesce  in  a  Cana- 
dian hospital,  under  a  Canadian  surgeon,  with  a 
Canadian  nurse  to  hasten  them  back  to  health.  Is 
it  not  the  most  natural  thing  in  the  world  for  those 
who  have  given  their  all  to  prefer  that  their  hus- 
bands, sons  or  sweethearts  occupy  a  bed  alongside  of 
a  pal  from  the  same  regiment  or  a  feilow  townsman 
from  the  same  city  to  cheer  him  on.  By  all  means, 
we  say,  have  Canadians  sent,  as  soon  as  practicable, 
from  the  Field  Hospital  nearest  where  they  were 
wounded,  to  a  Base  Hospital  sent  and  equipped  by 
Canada,  "  Daughter  she  may  be  in  her  mother's 
house,  but  (let  us  not  forget)  mistress  in  her  own." 
Unless  this  is  done  the  Canadian  Army  Medical  Ser- 
vice is  not  fulfilling  the  purposes  for  which  it  was 
originally  designed,  viz.,  the  attendance  on  Canadian 
sick  and  wounded. 

As  the  report  says,  there  should  be  proper  and 
careful  use  of  the  money  sent  by  Canadians,  often  at, 
a  sacrifice  undreamed  of  by  the  English  people,  v/ho 
seem  to  think  always  of  Canada  as  a  land  "  flowing 
with  milk  and  honey  " — ''  Please  send  on  the  combs; 


180  THE    HOSPITAL   WOI^LD  Dec,  1916 

England  will  graciously  accept  them  and  enjoy  the 
honey." 

The  heart  of  young  Canada  is  not  in  her  gifts,  but 
as  the  days  go  by  even  greater  sacrifice  may  be  neces- 
sary, so  every  care  should  be  used  in  expending  even 
the  pennies. 

There  are  many  points  in  the  report  to  which  we 
would  like  to  refer  at  length,  but  space  does  not  per- 
mit. We  fear  that  it  is  all  too  true  that  many  officers 
have  been  given  commissions  who  have  been  worse 
than  failures  in  private  practice,  and  here  is  where 
politics  is  the  curse  of  any  nation.  We  are  sorry  to 
learn  that  there  are  medical  officers  who  have  been 
drug  addicts  and  alcoholics.  Why  such  appoint- 
ments? Such  men  are  useless  as  officers  and  most 
detrimental  to  their  unit.  The  subject  of  promotion 
has  also  caused  a  great  deal  of  trouble  during  the 
past  two  years  and  must  be  put  to  rights.  In  many 
cases  there  has  been  no  relationship  whatever 
between  the  length  of  service  and  the  ability  of  the 
officer,  on  the  one  hand,  and  his  rank  on  the  other. 
We  could  name  many  instances  of  medical  officers 
who  have  been  promoted,  and  who  on  arriving  Over- 
seas compare  most  unfavorably  with  their  juniors. 
Why,  we  ask,  is  it  a  well-known  fact  that  our  younger 
men,  who  do  the  nerye-racking  work  at  our  Field 
Dressing  Stations,  seldom  or  never  receive  promo- 
tion, and  those  who  remain  at  the  Base  are  immedi- 
ately promoted  to  the  rank  of  major  or  lieutenant- 
tolonel?  What  excuse  could  there  be  for  the  employ- 
ment of  our  best  known  specialists  on  routine  work ; 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITAL    WORLD  181 

our  surgeons,  for  example,  employed  in  the  treatment 
of  dysentery  in  the  Balkans  ?  It  would  also  appear  as 
if  there  is  no  doubt  whatever  that  the  physical  exam- 
ination of  our  recruits  at  the  time  of  enlistment  has 
been  exceedingly  bad,  and  that  the  Government  has 
been  put  in  for  the  outlay  of  many  thousands  of 
dollars  through  a  regular  army  of  men  having  to  be 
returned  to  Canada  as  physically  unfit,  the  records 
showing  that  the  Canadian  Government  expends  at 
least  $3,000  on  every  enlisted  soldier  by  the  time  he 
completes  his  training.  Dealing  with  the  subject  of 
operations.  Colonel  Bruce  denounces  as  utterly  use- 
less many  operations  done,  apparently  by  a  lot  of 
younger  surgeons,  and  which  produce  no  increased 
military  efficiency.  "  War,"  he  states, ''  is  not  a  post- 
graduate school,  where  surgery  or  any  other  private 
hobby  may  be  cultivated  by  individuals  at  the  expense 
of  the  country."  What  is  the  reason  for  all  this?  It 
is  all  the  result  of  Governmental  incompetence,  fear 
and  favoritism. 

The  wretched  state  of  affairs  as  shown  must  be 
handled  at  once  without  fear,  but  with  courage  and 
determination.  Will  this  be  done,  or  are  those  incom- 
petents and  moral  weaklings  to  continue  in  office? 
Promotion  must  be  by  merit  and  merit  alone.  The 
mess  must  be  cleared  up  forthwith. 

The  medical  profession  throughout  Canada  is 
proud  of  the  ability  of  our  confrere  in  making  such 
a  report,  of  his  courage  in  telling  the  unvarnished 
truth  (knowing  it  might  cause  personal  criticism). 


182  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  Dec,  1916 

and  for  his  patriotism  in  standing  to  his  guns,  like 
the  true  Canadian  he  is. 

The  war  has  called  some  to  honor,  many  to  sacri- 
fice, and  more  to  service.  It  is  easy  to  be  an  arm- 
chair critic  in  relation  to  the  management  of  the  war, 
the  care  of  its  wounded,  and  many  subjects  allied  to 
the  world's  saddest  hour.  The  temptation  for  riding 
roughshod  with  a  "  hobby  "  for  a  mount  seems  very 
alluring,  especially  to  a  certain  type  of  woman.  The 
great  Kitchener  left  a  new  commandment,  ere  he 
slipped  off  into  the  Great  Unknown  Adventure: 
"  Silence."  Was  that  his  legacy?  We  wonder? 

W.    A.    T. 

November  tlie  second. 


Dec,  1916  THE   HOSPITAL   WORLD  183 

Original  Contributions 


LITTLE  JOURNEYS 


BY  DR.  J.  N.  E,  BROWN. 
Superintendent,   Henry  Ford   Hospital,   Detroit,   Mich. 


THE   CINCINi^"ATI   GEA^ERAL  HOSPITAL. 

This  hospital  is  located  some  three  miles  from  the  centre  of 
the  city  of  Cincinnati.  It  occupies  a  commanding  positon, 
there  being  fine  vistas  every  way  one  looks. 

The  Cincinnati  General  Hospital  is  a  city-owned  institution, 
managed  by  a  board  of  five  commissioners,  one  of  them  being 
the  mayor.  The  leading  spirit  of  the  institution  is  Dr.  C.  R. 
Holmes.  Dr.  Holmes  is  dean  of  the  medical  college  which  is 
aifiliated  with  the  hospital,  and  provision  is  made  in  all  the 
departments  for  the  teaching  of  students.  A  large  amphitheatre 
is  provided  in  both  the  surgical  and  pathological  units  for 
didactic  work.  The  laboratories  in  the  pathological  building 
are  well  provided  with  working  space  for  the  students.  A  sep- 
arate gowning  room  is  provided  for  them  in  the  operating- 
building.  Mrs.  Holmes  is  undertaking  to  provide  a  buffet  for 
them. 

During  the  fifteen  years  of  arduous  campaigning  by  Dr. 
Holmes,  he  has  had  inuch  opposition — the  indifference  of  the 
public  and  the  opposition  of  certain  politicians.  His  policy 
has  been  to  educate  the  common  people — the  laboring  class, 
which  he  has  won  over  almost  to  a  man.  He  has  addressed 
representative  labor  organizations  and  fraternal  organizations, 
and  even  addressed  meetings  on  the  street  corners.  He  pointed 
out  to  the  poorer  and  middle  class  of  people  wlio  looked  to  the 
old  hospital  for  care — tumble  down,  ramsliackk',  infested  with 
rats  and  vermin — what  they  had  a  right  to  expect  as  citizens 
and  taxpayers. 

The  hospital  is  open  to  visitors  daily — not  to  the  general 
wards  alone,  but  also  to  the  contagious  wards.     The  relatives 


J 84  THE    HOSPITAL    WORLD  Dec,  11)16 

and  other  visitors  wear  gowus,  wash  and  take  the  same  pre- 
caution as  the  doctors  and  nurses  take. 

The  educative  value  of  this  procedure  was  well  illustrated 
by  a  story  Dr.  Holmes  tells:  A  certain  Mrs.  Flannigan,  whose 
child  had  recovered  and  gone  home,  called  at  a  neighbor's 
house  where  a  child  lay  sick  wdth  the  scarlet  fever.  Observing 
that  the  family  doctor  in  visiting  the  child  did  not  put  on  a 
gown,  remarked  to  the  mother  of  the  sick  child,  "  Shure,  Mrs. 
O'Flaherty  that  doctor  nades  educatin'." 

The  institution  is  built  on  the  corridor  pavilion  plan.  The 
pavilions,  as  a  rule,  run  north  and  south  and  are  seventy-five 
feet  apart.  The  head  house  is  at  the  north  end.  At  the  end  of 
the  headhouse  is  the  corridor  which  consists  of  open  arches, 
beneath  this  corridor  are  the  connecting  tunnels,  and  the  top 
of  the  tunnel  is  available  for  getting  patients  out  of  doors.  The 
pavilions  are  arranged  in  two  rows ;  and  between  these  two 
rows  are  situated  the  receiving  department,  the  kitchen  and  the 
operating  building.  These  service  buildings  are  sufficient  to 
meet  the  needs  of  at  least  1,400  patients.  The  administration 
building  is  in  a  line  with  the  central  pavilions  and  faces  the 
entrance  to  the  hospital.  The  pavilions  are  three  stories  in 
height  w4th  a  basement  and  a  flat  roof. 

These  roof  wards  are  open  to  the  sky,  and  are  quite  unique. 
They  are  surrounded  by  a  wall  about  ten  feet  high  with  a  coping. 
This  surrounding  wall  is  well  supplied  with  windows  wdiich 
are  covered  with  glass  and  have  protective  bars. 

It  is  proposed  to  stretch  a  canvas  from  the  top  of  the  coping 
on  one  side  to  the  coping  on  the  other  side,  thus  giving  shelter 
from  the  sun  and  rain.  This  open  ward  is  supplied  with  the 
usual  accessory  rooms,  kit<:'hen,  toilet,  and  utility  rooms,  etc. 
A  water  pipe  conveniently  located  permits  the  flushing  of  the 
roof  in  summer,  which  not  only  cleanses  the  surface  but  also 
cools  it.  A  steam  outlet  is  also  provided  which  enables  them 
to  melt  the  snow  which  collects  on  the  roof  in  winter,  thus 
keeping  the  floor  available  for  the  use  of  the  patients. 

As  the  hospital  proper  has  only  been  occupied  for  a  short 
time,  the  roof  wards  have  not  come  into  general  use  as  yet. 

Dr.  Holmes  has  spent  some  fifteen  years  in  the  careful  study 
of  hospitals,  not  only  in  America,  but  also  in  Europe.     He  has 


Dec,  I<Ji6  THE    HOSPITAL    W'OKLD  J8o 

taken  particular  pains  to  work  out  the  ward  unit— in  fact  he 
had  given  more  attention  to  this  point  than  any  one  whom  the 
writer  has  known. 

The  Cincinnati  ward  unit,  as  before  stated,  runs  north  and 
south.  It  consists  of  the  ward  proper  and  the  sul)sidiarv  rooms 
located  on  each  side  of  the  corridor.  The  corridor  is  07  feet 
long  and  8  feet  wide.  The  ward  is  90  feet  long  and  30  feet 
wide  and  13  feet  high.  Upon  one  side  of  the  corridor,  com- 
mencing at  the  entrance  is  a  treatment  room,  in  which  blood  and 
urine  are  examined,  four  small  wards  (one  with  two  beds  and  the 
others  with  one  bed  each)  a  closet  for  warming  blankets,  a  linen 
supply  room  with  a  drying  room  off  it,  a  nurses'  toilet  room,  and 
a  housekeeper's  sink  room.  On  the  other  side  of  the  corridor 
are  a  kitchen,  dining  room  for  convalescent  patients  (opening 
into  the  kitchen  as  well  as  into  the  corridor),  a  bathroom  and 
sink  room. 

Between  the  kitchen  and  the  general  corridor  connecting 
the  pavilions  are  an  elevator  and  a  stairway,  and  between  these 
two  latter  and  the  corridor  of  the  unit  is  a  fresh  air  cutoff — 
being  a  space  about  7  x  19  feet.  The  food  trucks  from  the 
main  kitchen  are  wheeled  from  the  elevator  into  this  fresh  air 
cutoff,  and  the  food  containers  with  the  food  are  set  in  an 
opening  in  the  wall  which  connects  with  the  kitchen.  This 
cutoff  opens  by  a  door  (on  the  grount  floor)  into  the  connecting 
corridor,  by  a  door  into  the  ward  corridor  and  by  a  window 
into  a  ventilating  shaft  which  runs  to  the  top  of  the  building. 

This  arrangement  precludes  the  air  from  getting  from  one 
ward  unit  to  another. 

The  ward  itself  contains  twenty-four  beds  which  arc  set 
well  away  from  the  walls  and  windows.  There  is  a  nurse's 
table  directly  in  the  centre  of  the  ward.  The  head  nurse's 
station  is  at  the  head  of  the  ward,  and  is  separated  fi-om  the 
corridor  by  a  glass  partition,  which  enables  her  to  have  comninud 
of  the  corridor  as  well  as  the  ward.  Different  colored  lights 
at  her  signal  box  enable  her  to  tell  whether  a  patient  is  calling 
from  one  of  the  small  wards  or  the  large  ward.  There  is  a 
third  signal  which  comes  from  the  bathrooui.  It  enables  the 
bath  nurse  to  signal  if  she  is  having  any  trouble  with  a  patient. 

The  headhouse  extends  out  several  feet  on  each   side  of 


186  THE    HOSPITAL    WORLD  Dec,  191  fi 

the  ward.  Just  at  the  junction,  on  either  side,  are  two  small 
rooms.  The  room  on  one  side  is  called  the  nurse's  room — here 
she  makes  poultices,  etc.,  this  room  opens  into  the  sinkroom 
as  well  as  into  the  ward.  It  has  two  windows,  one  looks  south- 
ward and  the  other  westward.  These  two  windows  afford  an 
air  cutoff.  The  corresponding  corner  on  the  opposite  side  is 
a  physicians'  lavatory,  not  enclosed ;  and  from  it  a  door  leads 
into  the  jDatients'  toilet.  The  patients'  bathroom  Avhich  lies  next, 
has  two  baths.  Each  sinkroom  off  each  ward  has  a  separate 
clothes  chute.  The  chutes  adjoin  one  another  and  terminate  in 
a  common  receiving  room  in  the  basement.  In  each  sinkroom 
is  an  enemata  stack  in  which  specimens  of  urine  and  fecal 
matter  may  be  placed  until  taken  to  the  laboratory.  An 
upward  draft  is  provided  to  prevent  any  odor  from  getting 
into  the  sinkroom.  The  whole  south  end  is  occupied  by  a 
solarium  which  is  fourteen  feet  nine  inches  in  width.  In  one 
corner  next  the  ward,  is  a  sinkroom,  and  in  the  corresponding 
room  opposite  is  a  toilet.  The  partition  between  the  solarium 
and  the  ward  is  largely  of  glass,  so  that  the  ward  is  not  dark- 
ened by  the  solarium.  All  the  floors  are  of  tile.  The  windows 
extend  to  the  ceiling  and  to  within  about  thirty  inches  of  the 
floor.  The  transoms  open  outward  and  are  provided  with 
aprons  on  each  side  to  prevent  side  drafts. 

The  Receiving  Department. 

The  receiving  department  is  immediately  behind  the  admin- 
istration building.  In  front  of  it  is  a  spacious  ambulance  en- 
trance, with  double  doors  on  each  side,  which  in  inclement 
weather  may  be  closed.  The  front  of  the  ambulance  entrance  is 
connected  by  a  corridor  with  the  receiving  unit  proper.  Here 
is  a  capacious  waiting  room  with  seats  to  accommodate  twenty 
or  thirty  people  of  each  sex.  In  the  centre  of  the  large,  common 
room  is  an  office  with  desks  on  three  sides  where  data  regarding 
patients  is  noted  down. 

It  may  be  said,  in  parenthesis,  that  to  this  department 
patients  who  have  been  discharged  from  the  hospital  come  for 
subsequent  advice  and  treatment.  Each  half  of  this  floor  is 
like  the  other.  Each  side  of  these  waiting  halls  where  patients 
are  seated  is  a  suite  of  three  rooms  connected  with  one  another 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  187 

by  sub-corridors,  two  of  these  rooms  are  examination  rooms, 
and  the  third  a  capacious  bathroom. 

Here  the  patients  are  cleaned  thoroughly  after  which  they 
are  given  hospital  clothing — their  own  clothing  being  sent  to 
the  basement  of  this  unit  where  it  is  fumigated,  mended, 
pressed,  and  placed  on  hangers.  Each  suit  is  placed  in  a  large 
paper  bag,  on  the  outside  of  which  is  a  list  of  the  contents. 
When  the  patient  is  ready  to  be  d"scharged,  he  is  brought  to 
this  same  receiving  unit  back  of  which  are  numerous  cubicles 
where  the  patients  take  off  their  hospital  clothing  and  lialiilitate 
themselves  in  their  street  costumes. 

In  the  receiving  department  are  two  wards,  one  for  males 
and  one  for  females,  each  of  which  contains  five  patients,  for 
the  accommodation  of  all  patients  who  come  to  the  hospital  for 
admission  after  9  p.m.  This  prevents  disturbing  the  patients 
in  the  general  pavilions  after  they  have  gone  asleep. 

In  the  basement  of  this  department  are  large  rooms  for  the 
special  treatment  of  heat  stroke,  and  for  patients  who  have 
been  poisoned.  We  noted  a  cabinet  with  antidotes  for  the 
latter  sort  of  case. 

The  following  bottles  are  kept  in  the  poison  cabinet  in  the 
receiving  ward:  Lime  water,  magnesium  sulphate,  50^^  solu- 
tion; ammonia  water;  potassium  permanganate  in  solution 
each  drachm  containing  1.25  grains;  oxalic  acid;  an  arsenic 
antidote  consisting  of  two  bottles,  No.  1  containing  32  ounces 
of  magnesium  oxide,  and  the  second  containing  IG  ounces  of 
the  solution  of  iron  sulphate.  The  directions  for  adminis- 
tering are  that  the  magnesium  oxide  is  to  be  well  shaken  and 
gradually  added  to  the  iron  sulphate,  the  entire  48  ounces 
being  administered  as  an  antidote.  There  are  also  bottles 
containing  oil  of  turpentine;  camphorated  oil  in  20%  solution; 
alcohol,  95%;  sweet  oil;  glycerine;  castor  oil;  aromatic  spirits 
of  ammonia ;  whiskey ;  sherry  wine. 

There  are  also  some  small  bottles  filled  with  ])reeiiutated 
chalk;  tannic  acid;  ground  mustard;  sodium  bicarbonate. 
About  one  dozen  fresh  eggs  are  always  kept  on  hand  in  this 

cabinet. 

Between  these  two  wards  mentioned  above  are  four  rooms, 
two  on  each  side  of  the  short  corridor,   connecting  with   the 


188  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  Dec,  1916 

back  entrance.  The  two  on  the  right  side  are  devote(.l  to 
sterilization  and  operating.  The  two  on  the  left  side  are  an 
attendant's  room  and  a  store  room.  This  suite  constitutes  a 
surgical  casualty  dej)artment. 

The  stay  of  patients  here  is  only  for  a  few  hours  at  night ; 
therefore,  no  kitchen  equipment  has"  been  provided.  Milk  and 
liquid  nourishment  are,  however,  available. 

Social  service  is  conducted  in  this  receiving  department. 

Contagious  Department. 

One  part  of  the  grounds  is  set  aside  for  a  group  of  con- 
tagious buildings,  somewhat  remote  from  the  other  buildings. 
One  unit  is  set  aside  for  each  of  the  chief  contagious  diseases. 
In  another  building  there  are  four  units  for  the  four  minor 
contagious  diseases.  Each  unit  being  a"  small  hospital  within 
itself.  A  separate  building  is  used  for  the  detention  of  small- 
pox cases  before  their  removal  to  the  smallpox  hospital.  It 
contains  four  rooms,  a  room  for  the  nurse,  a  kitchen,  toilet  and 
bath  and  a  sink  rooin. 

PatlioJogical  Building. 

In  the  pathological  building,  on  the  basement  floor,  there 
are  refrigerators  for  the  care  of  bodies ;  four  rooms,  one  for  the 
coroner,  one  for  the  Aindertaker,  one  for  autopsies,  and  a 
chapel  where  funeral  services  and  religious  services  on  Sundays 
are  held.  On  the  first  floor  is  the  Director's  oflice,  reading- 
room  and  library.  The  second,  third  and  fourth  floors  are 
taken  up  by  laboratories :  Physiological  chemistry,  bacteriology, 
serology;  photograp^hic  rooms  and  rooms  for  -experimental 
research.  There  is  a  large  amphitheatre  at  the  north  end  of 
the  building ;  also  a  museum  which  is  well  stocked  with  speci- 
mens. The  fifth  floor  is  devoted  to  the  care  of  animals  for 
experimental  work.  The  infected  ones  are  kept  away  from 
the  non-infected.  A  sterilizing  and  animal  operating  room 
are  also  provided. 

The  Laundry  and  Power  Plant. 

The  laundry  is  an  ample  place  fitted  up  with  the  latest 
machinery.  Rest  rooms  are  provided.  The  power  plant  is  an 
enormous  one,  being  large  enough  for  the  addition  of  future 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITAL    WOELD  180 

installations.  Gas  is  used  as  fuel  instead  of  coal ;  the  wages  of 
many  employees  is  thus  saved,  and  gas  is  much  cleaner  than 
coal.  The  general  refrigerating  machinery  with  a  capacity  of 
twenty-five  tons  per  day,  is  housed  in  the  service  building. 
The  small  refrigerators  of  the  wards  are  filled  with  ice  which 
is  carried  to  them.  We  noted  in  another  Iniikling  a  small 
separate  refrigerating  plant,  the  refrigerative  agent  being 
sulphur  dioxide. 

The  Nurses'  Home. 

The  jSTurses'  Home  is  a  fine  building,  located  at  the  right 
of  the  front  of  the  lot.  It  is  near  the  street,  but  is  not  fenced 
in.  In  the  basement  are  rooms  for  the  servants  who  work  in 
the  home;  kitchens,  and  a  laundry.  On  the  main  floor  are  the 
dining  rooms,  jiarlor  and  reading-rooms.  Remembering  the 
penchant  of  nurses  for  sweets,  a  small  candy  kitchen  is  provided 
for  them.  There  are  demonstration  rooms  and  laboratory 
rooms  where  simple  chemistry  and  analysis  of  body  fluids  are 
taught.  The  upper  floors  are  occupied  by  sleeping  rooms. 
There  are  ample  bath  and  toilet  rooms,  also  an  infirmary  where 
nurses  are  taken  who  are  too  ill  to  work,  and  not  ill  enough 
to  be  taken  into  the  liospital.  There  is  also  a  roof  garden  which 
is  covered  over  in  part  by  a  roof  and  part  by  canvas,  where 
nurses  may  go  about  in  their  kimonas  and  enjoy  themselves 
in  a  free  and  easy  way.  This  may  also  be  used  as  a  sleeping 
porch. 


190       .  THE    HOSPITAL   WOELD  Dec,  1916 

War  Hospitals 


THE   CANADIAN   ARMY  MEDICAL   SERVICE 
UNDER  THE  SEARCHLIGHT 


A  EEPOET  on  the  Canadian  Army  Medical  Service,  presented  a 
few  weeks  ago  to  the  Minister  of  Militia  by  Col.  Herbert  A. 
Bruce,  of  Toronto,  whose  official  title  is  Special  Inspector- 
General  Medical  Services,  Canadian  Expeditionary  Force,  is,  it 
is  safe  to  say,  one  of  the  frankest  indictments  of  a  Government 
service  ever  received  by  the  responsible  Minister.  The  report  is 
dated  September  20th,  1916,  and  is  the  resnlt  of  investigations 
carried  on  subsequent  to  July  31st,  1916"",  so  that  it  is  distinctly 
up  to  date. 

The  report  is  divided  under  twenty-three  headings.  Each 
one  of  them  is  an  indictment,  and  judging  from  the  headings, 
as  printed  at  end  of  this  article,  is  intended  to  be  such. 

In  introducing  his  report,  Dr.  Bruce  announces  that  all  of 
its  criticisms  and  recommendations  are  not  merely  his  alone, 
but  have  been  endorsed  by  each  member  of  the  committee 
appointed  by  the  Minister,  at  Dr.  Bruce's  request,  to  assist  in 
the  work. 

The  committee  consisted  of  Col.  F.  A.  Reid,  Director  of 
Recruiting  and  Organization;  Col.  Wallace  Scott,  Lieut.-Col. 
Walter  McKeown,  ^Lieut.-Col.  F.  W.  E.  Wilson,  Capt.  Chas. 
Hunter. 

Dr.  Bruce  absolved  the  medical  and  nursing  staffs  from 
blame,  as  he  found  doctors  and  nurses  discharging  their  duties 
in  a  most  self-sacrificing  and  exemplary  manner.  Many  of  the 
medical  staff  are,  however,  placed  in  positions  where  their  spe- 
cial training  is  not  being  used  to  the  best  advantage.  The 
responsibility  for  this  waste  must  be  laid  at  the  door  of  the 
D.M.S.,  who,  says  Dr.  Bruce,  in  many  cases  appears  to  have 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  191 

ignored  special  qualifications  altogether  and  distributed  the  per- 
sonnel in  a  most  haphazard  way. 

The  question  of  segregation  of  Canadian  wounded  whic-h 
has  recently  been  receiving  notoriety,  largely  through  the  activity 
of  Canadian  ladies  in  England  in  writing  to  the  papers  there,  is 
very  fully  dealt  with  by  Dr.  Bruce.  Dr.  Bruce  is  emphatically 
in  favor  of  segregation.  How  the  Canadian  wounded  and  ill 
are  at  present  scattered  about  is  evident  from  the  following 
statement  of  facts : 

"  On  August  18th  of  this  year  we  had  in  England  12,018 
cases,  of  whom  6,747  were  overseas  sick  and  wounded,  requiring 
active  treatment.  Of  these,  5,135  were  being  taken  care  of  in 
British  hospitals,  and  only  1,G12  in  Canadian  hospitals.  The 
balance  of  these  cases  had  arisen  locally  or  vere  convalescents. 
The  5,135  Canadian  patients  were  located  in  100  British  hos- 
pitals, widely  scattered  over  England,  Scotland,  Wales  and 
Ireland." 

Dr.  Bruce  sees  no  difficulty  in  segregating  Canadians.  The 
British  service  is  able  to  send  casualties  from  the  Royal  Flying 
Corps  to  a  Royal  Flying  Corps  Hospital,  and  evert  go  so  far  as 
to  send  wounded  Somersetshires  to  Bristol,  so  as  to  be  near  their 
friends.  There  should,  therefore,  be  no  difficulty  in  keeping 
Canadians  together. 

He  reports  that  ihe  found,  both  in  England  and  France,  Cana- 
dian soldiers  begging  to  be  taken  to  Canadian  hospitals.  He 
found  also  Canadian  medical  officers  constantly  complaining  that 
although  they  had  sacrificed  their  practices  at  home  with  the 
object  of  helping  to  take  care  of  our  soldiers  overseas,  yet  they 
rarely  had  an  opportunity  of  treating  a  Canadian  patient.  A 
map  accompanying  the  report  shows  how  the  100  hospitals  in 
which  Canadians  are  located,  are  scattered  all  over  the  British 
Isles.  The  cost  of  transport  in  itself  is  considerable.  If  the 
5,135  Canadian  patients  in  hospital  on  August  16th  had  been 
taken  care  of  by  a  concentration  of  hospitals  in  the  Sihorncliffe 
area  there  would  have  been  a  saving  in  transport  alone  of 
$11,348.35. 

In  addition  Dr.  Bruce  found  some  instances  when  the  treat- 
ment received  by  Canadians  in  British  hospitals  has  not  always 


192  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  Dec,  1916 

been  as  satisfactory  as  it  might  be,  and  further  that  nobody  in 
those  hospitals  seems  interested  in  the  discharge  of  patients 
when  they  are  fit  to  be  sent  to  a  convalescent  home. 

Special  reports  are  given  to  show  how  this  works  out.  In 
seven  British  hospitals  in  the  London  area  and  in  Aberdeen, 
Scotland,  special  inspectors  found  248  Canadian  patients.  It 
was  found  that  116  of  these  should  have  been  sent  to  convales- 
cent hosintals,  52  others  should  have  been  discharged  as  per- 
manently unfit  for  further  service,  and  13  suffering  from 
contagious  diseases  should  have  been  elsewhere,  that  is  to  say, 
out  of  248  Canadian  patients,  171  should  not  have  been  in  these 
hospitals  at  all.    This  illustration  is  thought  to  be  typical. 

Dr.  Bruce  says  that  his  experience  wnth  sick  people  leads 
him  to  the  conclusion  that  when  they  are  ill  they  prefer  to  be 
among  relatives  and  friends.  Further  he  says,  "  I  take  the 
position  very  strongly  that  as  it  is  our  duty  to  see  that  our  boys 
who  go  to  the  front  are  cared  for  in  the  best  possible  manner 
when  they  are  wounaed  and  sick,  and  as  we  shall  ultimately  be 
responsible  for  their  pensions,  it  is  imperative  that  we  should 
ensure  that  they  are  under  the  immediate  supervision  of  our 
own  medical  service." 

As  to  how  the  present  policy  of  distributing  Canadian  sol- 
diers arose.  Dr.  Bruce  gives  the  following  particulars : 

On  June  16th,  1915,  Colonel  Hodgetts  wrote  to  Surgeon- 
General  Carlton  Jones,  suggesting  that  as  special  arrangements 
had  been  made  for  sending  w^ounded  Canadians  to  the  Queen's 
Canadian  Hospital,  Beechborough,  could  not  similar  arrange- 
ments be  made  in  regard  to  the  Duchess  of  Connaught's  Hos- 
pital at  Cliveden.  Accordingly  on  June  18th  the  D.M.S.  wrote 
to  the  War  Office  requesting  that  the  Cliveden  Hospital  should 
"  as  far  as  possible  be  reserved  for  sick  and  wounded  Canadians 
from  overseas."  The  War  Office  acceded  to  this  request,  and 
gave  instructions  that  Canadian  soldiers  (other  than  officers) 
should  be  sent  to  one  or  other  of  the  two  hospitals  mentioned 
above.  Later  representations  appear  to  have  been  made  to  the 
D.M.S.  that  for  Imperial  considerations  it  was  advisable  to 
spread  the  Canadians  throughout  the  British  Isles.  On  Decem- 
ber iTth  the  D.M.S.  replied,  expressing  the  opinion  that  "it  is 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITAL    WORLD  VXi 

conducive  to  the  patients'  well-being  and  comfort  to  be  under 
our  own  administrative  control." 

"  As  a  consequence  of  this  arrangement  many  more  Cana- 
dians found  their  way  to  these  two  hospitals,  yet  in  spite  of  this 
we  find  that  the  D.M.S.  on  February  2nd,  ioiG,  wrote  to  the 
War  Office  to  ask  that  these  instructions  be  amended,  and  in  a 
further  communication  dated  March  25th,  1916,  stated  '  that 
it  is  not  now  considered  necessary  from  a  Canadian  point  of 
view^  to  make  any  special  arrangements  at  Southampton  for  the 
collection  of  Canadian  patients.'  No  reason  is  assigned  for  this 
complete  change  of  attitude." 

In  this  connection  Dr.  Bruce  points  out  that  Canada  has 
maintained  at  Saloniki,  where  there  is  not  a  single  Canadian 
soldier,  three  hospital  units  wdth  a  total  bed  capacity  of  320 
patients.  And  in  France  we  have  on  an  average  2,000  beds 
in  excess  of  the  number  of  Canadian  patients. 

Dr.  Bruce  also  strongly  complains  abort  the  lack  of  policy 
which  has  allowed  even  the  Canadian  hospi*:als  to  be  scattered 
all  over  the  country,  instead  of  being  concentrated  in  special 
localities.  As  a  result,  efficient  control  and  inspection  have  been 
rendered  exceedingly  difficult  and  needless  expense  has  been 
involved.  He  recalls  that  when  the  Ontario  Government  started 
to  provide  its  splendid  hospital,  with  a  capacity  of  1,040  beds, 
it  offered  to  locate  it  at  any  place  desired,  thus  affording  a 
splendid  opportunity  to  secure  the  concentration  of  hospitals  i-u 
a  definite  area,  with  this  most  valuable  primary  hospital  as  a 
nucleus.     The  opportunity  was  let  slip. 

A  map  illustrates  how  Canadian  hospitals  have  been  scat- 
tered over  England.  Buxton  is  no  less  than  236  miles  from 
Folkestone.  Dr.  Bruce  recommends  a  concentration  scheme  and 
illustrates  it  also  by  a  map.  He  says,  however,  it  is  impossible 
to  make  this  ideal  now  because  of  the  fear  that  present  con- 
ditions do  not  justify  the  abolition  of  certain  hospitals  upon 
which  large  sums  of  money  have  been  spent. 

That  there  'has  been  woeful  laxity  in  weeding  out  medically 
unfits  during  the  process  of  enlistment  and  training  in  Canada 
is  demonstrated  by  ample  evidence  in  Dr.  Bruce's  report.  A 
Canadian   pioneer   draft   arriving  in   England   on   Juno   29th. 


194  THE    HOSPITAL    WOKLD  Dec,  1916 

1916,  was  found  to  have  57  unfits  out  of  254  of  all  ranks.  Of 
2,670  soldiers  coming  before  medical  'boards  from  June  2nd  to 
August  2nd,  1916,  as  only  fit  for  permanent  base  duty,  1,340 
ought  never  to  have  been  at  the  front.  Out  of  1,452  discharges 
from  the  army  during  the  same  period,  816  had  never  got  be- 
yond England,  that  is  56  per  cent,  of  the  discharges  had  never 
been  at  the  front. 

Unfits  in  England  are  a  great  bother.  They  take  the  places 
on  base  dwtj  of  men  who  have  been  at  the  front  and  have  a 
prior  claim  on  any  soft  jobs  available.  Others  clog  up  the 
hospitals,  increasing  the  strain  on  the  already  overtaxed  medical 
services.  And  further,  Dr.  Bruce  points  out,  the  question  of 
pension  arises.  "  Men  who  are  discharged  for  a  disability 
present  on  enlistment  are  not  entitled  to  pension  for  that  dis- 
ability, but  where  pre-existing  disability  has  been  increased  at 
least  temporarily  by  active  service,  corresponding  pension  or 
gratuity  must  be  allowed. 

"  In  the  last  four  months  we  have  ihad  over  1,000  recom- 
mended for  permanent  base  duty  from  over  age,  with  an  aver- 
age age  of  49  to  50  years  for  each  man.  It  is  a  common  occur- 
rence for  the  men,  when  questioned  as  to  their  given  age  when 
enlisted,  to  make  a  statement  that  they  gave  their  true  age  as 
54  or  55  years,  as  the  case  may  be,  and  the  medical  officer  said 
they  would  call  him  41  or  42  years.  In  one  case  he  was  in- 
formed by  the  soldier  that,  on  enlistment,  the  recruit  on  giving 
his  proper  age  was  told  to  run  around  the  block,  think  over  his 
age,  and  come  back  again. 

"  And  again,  during  the  last  month  alone  (this  from  a 
report  dated  August  22nd)  120  boys  were  found  in  the  ranks 
and  put  on  permanent  base  duty.  Their  ages  run  as  low  as 
fourteen  years." 

Several  pages  are  devoted  to  special  cases  of  men  who  should 
never  have  enlisted.  Among  others,  four  cases  from  the  92nd 
Battalion  are  mentioned  by  name,  two  of  them  being  discharged 
as  permanently  unfit  and  two  to  be  put  on  base  duty.  "  We 
have  been  informed,  says  the  report,  that  these  four  men  were 
paraded  before  a  standing  Medical  Board  in  Canada  by  Capt. 
Maynard,  and  that  they  were  recommended  for  discharge,  but 
no  action  was  taken,  and  they  were  brought  to  England." 


Dec,  191G  THE    HOSPITAL    WOKLD  195 

One  man  was  found  with  valvulai-  disease  of  the  heart,  left 
hand  partly  cut  off.     He  was  enlisted  at  Edmonton. 

Another  Toronto  man  could  not  carry  pack,  suffers  from 
vertigo,  weight  105  pounds,  chest  when  fully  expanded  30l^ 
inches ;  medical  examiner,  Capt. ,  Toronto. 

Another  case,  discharged,  congenital  amblyopia,  right  eye 
vision  defective,  left  eye  vision  lost.  Medical  examiner,  Capt. 
,  Toronto. 

A  photograph  shows  a  boy  enlisted  at  Pembroke,  Ont., 
stripped,  standing  opposite  a  normal  man.  This  boy  was  six- 
teen years  of  age,  weight  eighty  pounds,  had  infantile  paralysis, 
which  left  his  legs  in  bad  shape.  He  says  he  passed  two  medical 
boards  in  Canada,  having  been  stripped  on  both  occasions.  He 
has  never  done  any  military  duty,  and  has  been  in  the  hospital 
most  of  the  four  and  one-half  months  he  has  been  in  England. 

Another  man  was  found  to  have  been  taken  out  of  a  tuber- 
culosis sanitarium  previous  to  embarkation. 

Another  man  was  blind  in  the  right  eye.  His  vision  in  the 
left  is  just  about  one-eighth  what  it  should  be.  In  other  words, 
this  man  is  fifteen-sixteenths  blind. 

Some  units  had  as  many  as  25  per  cent,  unfits  on  arriving 
in  England. 

One  of  the  over-age  men  was  found  to  be  72  years  old. 

These  are  samples.  The  report  contains  fifteen  pages  of 
particulars  of  this  kind,  giving  the  names  of  the  men,  names  of 
the  medical  examiners  and  full  details. 

Dr.  Bruce  recommends  stringent  changes  in  the  methods  of 
medical  examination,  in  order  that  the  great  loss  consequent 
upon  the  present  system  may  be  avoided. 

Here  is  the  wording  of  the  headings  of  the  twenty-three 
parts  into  which  Dr.  Bruce's  report  is  divided: 

1.  Many  soldiers  are  arriving  in  England  from  Canada 
medically  unfit  who  should  never  have  been  enlisted. 

2.  The  system  of  disposing  of  casualties  from  the  front  to 
Imperial  hospitals  in  England,  Wales,  Scotland  and  Ireland  is 
extremely  unsatisfactory. 

3.  The  present  method  of  having  Canadian  hospitals  scat- 
tered over  such  a  large  area  is  very  dbjectionable. 


196     •  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  Dec,  191G 

4.  There  is  unnecessary  detention  in  hospitals.  There  has 
been  no  medical  inspection  by  the  Canadian  Medical  Service  of 
Canadian  soldiers  in  Imperial  hospitals,  and  there  has  been  no 
efficient  medical  inspection  of  Canadian  hospitals,  in  conse- 
quence of  which  Canadian  soldiers  are  retained  in  hospitals  in 
Great  Britain,  many  of  whom  should  have  been  returned  to  duty, 
and  others  should  have  been  returned  to  Canada,  wdiere  they 
could  have  been  more  economically  and  efficiently  treated.  The 
lack  of  system  permits  of  the  aimless  moving  of  patients  from 
hospital  to  hospital. 

5.  The  use  by  the  Canadian  Service  of  Voluntary  Aid  Hos- 
pitals is  very  undesirable,  as  they  are  inefficient,  expensive  and 
unsatisfactory. 

6.  The  administration  of  the  group  of  fifty-seven  Voluntary 
Aid  Hospitals  under  Shorncliffe  Military  Hospital  by  the  Cana- 
dian Medical  Service  is  unsatisfactory  and  expensive. 

7.  The  present  method  of  operating,  jointly  with  the  Eed 
Cross,  certain  hospitals  built  and  equipped  by  them  is  unsatis- 
factory.   Such  dual  control  is  undesirable. 

8.  Impropriety  of  detailing  Canadian  Army  Medical  Corps 
personnel  to  Imperial  hospitals  and  still  retaining  them  on  a 
Canadian  pay-roll. 

9.  Unsatisfactory  situation  at_  Shorncliffe  owing  to  our 
Canadian  A.D.M.S.  acting  in  a'  similar  capacity  over  a  large 
area  for  the  Imperial  authorities. 

10.  No  attempt  has  been  made  to  restrict  surgical  operations 
which  produce  no  increased  military  efficienc3\ 

11.  The  installation  of  an  expensive  plant  at  Ramsgate  w^as 
inadvisable,  as  a  large  number  of  the  cases  treated  there  should 
be  sent  to  Canada  for  treatment. 

12.  The  establishment  at  Buxton  of  a  special  hospital  for 
the  treatment  of  rheumatics  was  ill-advised,  as  the  majority  of 
rheumatics  will  not  be  fit  again  for  active  service  and  could  be 
better  and  more  cheaply  treated  in  Canada. 

13.  The  present  system  of  handling  Canadian  venereal 
patients  is  very  strongly  condemned. 

14.  The  method  of  handling  infectious  diseases  is  most 
unsatisfactory. 


Dec,  11)16  THE    HOSPITAL    WORLD  197 

15.  Medical  boards  which  regulate  the  classification  of 
casualties  are  not  available. 

17.  The  exceedingly  important  question  of  pensions,  which 
will  involve  the  expenditure  of  large  sums  of  money  by  Canada 
annually,  has  been  neglected  by  the  Canadian  Medical  Service. 

18.  Lack  of  co-ordination  in  the  Canadian  Medical  Service 
between  Canada,  England  and  the  front. 

19.  The  medical  personnel  is  .lot  being  used  to  the  best 
advantage. 

20.  The  policy  of  the  department  has  been  opposed  to  the 
use  of  experienced  medical  and  surgical  consulting  specialists. 

21.  Discontent  concerning  promotions,  especially  in  regard 
to  regimental  medical  officers  serving  at  the  front. 

22.  The  Canadian  Army  Medical  Corps  Training  School  in 
England  has  never  been  properly  organized,  although  of  the 
greatest  importance  to  the  Canadian  Medical  Service. 

23.  In  the  operation  of  the  Medical  Service  sufficient  regard 
has  not  been  paid  to  economy  in  management. 


WESTERN  UNIVERSITY  HOSPITAL  UNIT 


Though  the  Western  University  of  London,  Ont.,  has  had  no 
organized  body  of  men  representing  it  in  this  war,  till  the  form- 
ation of  the  Hospital  L^nit,  already  over  fifty  of  their  medical 
graduates  are  at  the  front.  But  this  spring  a  committee  of  the 
faculty  sent  out  a  circular  letter  to  all  the  remaining  medical 
graduates  asking  them  if  they  were  desirous  of  going  with  the 
unit  if  it  were  formed.  Twelve  medical  officers  were  needed" 
to  fill  the  positions.      Seventy  offered  tliemselves. 

Dr.  Braithwaite,  the  president,  and  Dr.  Edwin  Seaborn  were- 
delegated  at  a  meeting  of  the  faculty  to  wait  upon  the  Hon. 
Mr.  Kemp  (then  acting  Minister  of  Militia)  to  ask  if  there  was; 
a  need  of  medical  officers  and  hospital  units.  If  the  reply  was 
in  the  affirmative,  they  were  to  offer  a  unit  on  behalf  of  tho 
university. 


198  THE    HOSPITAL   WOELD  Doc,   liJJG 

This  was  done,  and  the  offer  was  heartily  accepted  by  the 
Government,  with  the  request  that  the  preparations  for  de- 
parture should  be  made  as  soon  as  possible. 

The  command  of  the  unit  was  given  Lieut.-Col.  Edwin  Sea- 
born, M.D.  He  was  born  in  Quebec,  and  his  mother  was  a 
.  French-Canadian.  But  his  connection  with  the  university  is  a 
long  one,  for  his  father  was  professor  of  natural  science  there, 
and  a  member  of  the  Senate,  and  he  himself  took  his  medical 
course  at  the  Western,  graduating  in  1895,  and  beginning  to 
teach  in  the  Medical  School  that  same  year.  He  has  been  in 
practice  in  London  for  21  years.  His  wife  is  the  charming  daugh- 
ter of  the  late  Dr.  Bucke. 

Lieut.-Col.  Seaborn  is  fortunate  in  having  three  brothers 
who  are  also  doing  their  share  for  king  and  country.  Lieut-Col. 
Walter  Seaborn  is  in  command  of  the  210th  (Moose  Jaw)  Bat- 
talion. Capt.  George  Seaborn  is  at  present  in  France  with  the 
A.M.C.,  while  Lieut.  Vivian  Seaborn  is  in  the  paymaster's 
office. 

The  establishment  of  the  unit  (w^hich  is  a  four  hundred-bed 
hospital)  is  fourteen  officers  (twelve  qualified  medical  men)  one 
hundred  and  twenty  N.C.O.'s  and  men,  and  twenty-seven  nurs- 
ing sisters. 

Recruiting  was  brisk  from  the  moment  the  office  was  opened, 
and  the  establishment  might  have  been  filled  twice  over.  The 
men  accepted  are  an  exceedingly  fine  lot.  There  are  a  great 
many  London  men  among  them,  but  also  a  large  proportion  of 
men  from  the  western  Ontario  district.  They  represent  many 
phases  of  civil  life. 

The  men  were  billeted  and  trained  on  the  college  campus  or 
in  the  college  buildings. 

Their  training  consisted  (as  does  that  of  all  medical  units), 
of  squad,  stretcher  and  company  drill,  and  they  were  given  lec- 
tures by  the  officers  on  anatomy,  asepsis,  fractures,  hemor- 
rhages, treatment  of  wounds,  bandaging,  infections,  antiseptics, 
treatment  of  poisons,  emergencies,  as  well  as  the  care  of  the 
feet,  and  personal  hygiene. 

The  citizens  of  London  feel  particularly  interested  in  the 
Western  LTniversity  Hospital  Unit,  as  being  especially  represen- 
tative of  both  the  town  and  the  district.     The  local  Red  Cross 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  199 

supplied  them  with  all  the  medical,  surgical  and  hospital  sup- 
plies that  they_  required  over  and  above  the  Government  supply. 
This  gift  cost  about  ten  thousand  dollars,  and  filled  five  hundred 
boxes. 

A  motor  ambulance  has  also  been  given  by  the  London  Ked 
Cross  branch,  the'  money  having  been  raised  by  the  tea-room 
committee. 

Mrs.  W.  G.  Nott,  through  the  Eed  Cross,  gave  a  cheque  for 
one  hundred  dollars,  to  be  used  for  special  surgical  instruments 
and  supplies.  Miss  Balch,  on  behalf  of  the  A.Y.P.A.,  of  St. 
John  the  Evangelist  Church,  gave  fifty  dollars  towards  the  pur- 
chase of  band  instruments. 

The  Meredith  Dramatic  Company  gave  a  donation  of  two 
hundred  dollars  towards  a  motor  car  for  the  use  of  the  unit. 
A  good  many  donations  were  also  made  towards  the  special 
emergency  fund  of  the  unit. 

This  unit  also  took  up  the  matter  of  insurance  rates  with 
the  various  companies  that  have  agencies  in  London.  This  was 
to  allow  the  men  who  enlisted  to  continue  their  insurance  at 
pre-war  rates,  instead  of  paying  an  extra  premium.  The  com- 
panies have  responded  very  generously. 

The  unit  left  London  on  the  18th  of  August,  and  at  present 
is  in  Shorncliffe  for  special  training. 

Everybody- — in  the  prehistoric  times  before  August,  1911 — 
has  watched  the  sham  battles  of  the  militia  units  during  their 
twelve  days'  yearly  training  under  canvas.  ]\Iost  of  us  have 
enjoyed  the  story  of  the  captain  who  was  marching  his  mounted 
men  over  a  bridge  when  an  irate  lieutenant  (belonging  to  the 
opposing  forces)  rose  up  from  the  shadows  of  the  river  bank  in 
front  and  shouted : 

"  Hi,  there !  Stop !  Don't  you  know  we've  just  blown  up 
the  bridge  ?" 

"  You  silly  ass,"  says  the  captain,  calmly  continuing  on  his 
way,  "  can't  you  see  we're  swimming  ?" 

But  to-day  there  is  less  of  pretence  in  the  game.  Even  out 
here  in  the  sunshine  those  imaginary  wounded  at  the  other  end 
of  the  field  suggest  only  too  strongly  those  real  wounded  who 
have  really  waited  for  the  stretcher-bearers  in  farther  fields, 
when  the  stretchers  have  had  a  longer  road  to  travel.    ^Vllen  the 


200  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  Dec,  1916 

men,  who  are  marching  in  close  formation,  change  quickly  to 
extended  order,  it  takes  very  little  eftort  of  the  imagination  to 
realize  that  it  is  because  they  are  under  shell  fire. 

London  peoj^le  feel  assured  that  the  men  of  the  Western 
LTniversity  Hospital  Unit  will  take  their  share  of  the  Red  Cross 
work  satisfactorily. 

Kathleen  K.  Bowkee. 


MINNEWASKA  SANITARIUM,  GRAVENHURST 


One  of  the  problems  which  the  Hospitals  Commission  has  had 
to  solve  is  that  of  providing  for  the  care  of  the  man  in  whom 
German  gas,  exposure  in  the  trenches  or  training  camps  has 
developed  tuberculosis.  These  men,  no  less  than  the  man  who 
has  fallen,  have  offered  their  lives  for  their  country,  and  their 
country's  duty  is  to  see  that  every  means  is  used  to  give  them 
back  the  health  they  have  sacrificed  for  it.  Their  condition 
demands  special  treatment  and  isolation  from  other  Military 
patients.  In  the  absence  of  Military  Hospitals  for  tubercular 
men,  the  Commission  has  arranged  for  their  treatment  in  estab- 
lished institutions.  One  of  these  is  the  ]\Iinnewaska  Sanitarium 
at  Gravenhurst.  There  some  sixty  men  have  been  placed  dur- 
ing 1916  for  treatment.  Minnewaska  Sanitarium  is  situated  in 
a  finely  wooded  ten-acre  plot  overlooking  Gravenhurst  Bay  and 
lacks  nothing  in  beauty  of  site  or  climatic  condition.  The 
Institution  has  been  in  successful  operation  for  several  years 
as  a  Private  Hospital  under  the  Superintendency  of  Mrs.  Four- 
nier,  who  is  still  in  charge  and  whose  experience  has  produced 
excellent  results  in  the  patient.  The  Institution  is  at  present 
occupied  almost  entirely  by  soldiers,  who  began  to  be  sent  up  in 
March  last.  Capt.  Procter,  M.D.,  and  Lieut.  Gillis,  M.D.,  are 
in  charge,  both  in  a  military  and  medical  sense.  It  is  hoped 
that  the  Hospitals  Commission  will  ere  long  be  able  to  erect  a 
wing  to  the  Sanitarium  where  vocational  training  may  be  given 
the  patients. 


Dec,  lyiG  THE    HOSPITAL    WOULD  201 

THE  BRAMSHOTT  MILITARY  HOSPITAL 


The  Bramshott  Military  Hospital,  erected  in  the  summer  of 
1915  by  the  Imperial  authorities,  was  officially  taken  over  by 
the  Canadian  Army  Medical  Corps  on  October  2nd.  The  hos- 
pital, which  is  one  of  the  most  complete  of  the  military  hos- 
pitals in  England,  has  accommodation  for  TOO  patients.  Dur- 
ing the  summer  months  some  350  extra  beds  were  added  in 
adjacent  buildings  for  overseas  wounded.  The  hospital  has  two 
operating  theatres,  an  up-to-date  X-ray  room,  a  good  pathologi- 
cal department  and  a  well-stocked  dispensary. 

No.  y  Stationary  Hospital,  from  Nova  Scotia,  with  several 
attached  officers  under  Lieut.X'ol.  E.  C.  McLeod,  has  staffed 
the  hospital.  The  staff  consists  of  Lieut.-Col.  R.  C.  McLeod,  of 
North  Sydney,  officer  commanding;  Major  H.  E.  Kendall, 
Registrar  of  the  Nova  Scotia  Medical  Council,  is  senior 
physician;  assistant  physicians  are  Captains  A.  H.  McKin- 
non,  T.  A.  Lebbetter,  J.  F.  Ellis  and  L.  I).  Densmore.  all  from 
Nova  Scotia.  The  Surgical  Division  is  in  charge  of  Lieut.-Col. 
C.  H.  Gilmour,  of  Toronto,  late  of  No.  2  General  Hospital, 
France ;  assistant  surgeons  are  Captains  K.  A.  McCuish  and 
J.  A.  MeCourt,  of  Nova  Sco'tia,  and  Captain  Webb,  of  Scran- 
ton,  Pa.  The  X-ray  Department  is  in  charge  of  Capt.  J.  I. 
O'Connell,  of  Newfoundland,  and  the  pathologist  is  Captain 
A,  R.  Campbell,  of  Yarmouth. 


BASE  HOSPITAL  TAKES  FIRE  PRECAUTIONS 


Special  precautions  are  to  be  taken  to  safeguard  jiatients  at  the 
Base  Hospital,  Gerrard  Street  East,  Toronto,  against  the  danger 
of  fire,  and  efforts  are  now  being  made  to  provide  more  than 
adequate  fire  protection  in  the  form  of  additional  fire  escapes 
and  gongs. 

The  buildings  were,  of  course,  inspected  and  jnissed  before 
occupied  by  the  military,  and  at  present  a  fire  piccpiet  is  on  duty 
night  and  day,  but  it  was  felt  while  the  existing  arrangements 
might  be  adequate  more  could  be  done  to  ensure  complete  safetv 
to  all  the  patients.    It  is  understood  that  steel  fire  escapes  may 


202  .  THE    HOSPITAL    VVOELD  Dec,  191G 

be  placed  on  the  front  of  the  building  in  addition  to  the  ones 
already  erected  in  the  rear.  The  building  in  the  group  known 
as  the  Burnside  Building  is  at  present  without  a  fire  escape. 
General  Logie  has  received  an  intimation  from  Mayor  Church 
that  the  city  will  co-operate  in  every  way  possible  with  this 
precautionary  work. 

It  is  understood  that  similar  steps  will  be  taken  by  the 
Soldiers'  Aid  Commission  in  regard  to  the  Spadina  Military 
Hospital  and  the  College  Street  Convalescent  Home. 


ANOTHER  CANADIAN  CONVALESCENT  HOME 
FOR  OFFICERS    AT  DIEPPE,  FRANCE 


ISToT  long  ago  another  Canadian  Convalescent  Home  for  Officers 
was  ojDened  at  Dieppe,  France,  and  is  doing  splendid  w^ork 
under  the  supervision  of  a  nuniber  of  Toronto  women.  The 
Superintendent  is  Mrs.  Christopher  Robinson,  and  the  Assistant 
Superintendent  Mrs.  Foster.  The  Sisters  include  the  Misses 
Chadwick,  Gault,  Burnham,  ]\Iurphy  and  others  of  Toronto. 
Mrs.  (Dr.)  J.  F.  W.  Ross  is  Chairman  of  the  Toronto  Com- 
mittee. The  Hospital  is  certainly  filling  a  most  urgent  want  and 
is  very  popular. 


THE  DUCHESS  OF  CONNAUGHT  CANADIAN 
HOSPITAL  AT  CLIVEDEN 


LiEUT.-CoL.  (Dr.)  Goerell  definitely  resigned  in  October  the 
Superintendence  of  the  Duchess  of  Connaught  Canadian  Hos- 
pital at  Cliveden.  It  is  understood  that  Lieut.-Col.  Stewart, 
C.A.M.C.,  of  Halifax,  has  been  offered  Dr.  Gorrell's  position, 
though  we  have  not  as  yet  learned  whether  he  will  accept. 


A  FIFTY  thousand  dollar  building,  to  take  care  of  soldiers  in- 
valided home  with  tuberculosis,  is  to  be  erected  shortly  by  the 
London  Health  Association  at  Byron  Sanatorium.  This  is  at 
the  request  of  the  Military  Hospitals  Commission. 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITAL    WORLD  203 

WAR  HOSPITAL  RUN   ENTIRELY   BY  WOMEN 


"  They  are  even  more  than  wonderful  doctors  and  nurses ;  they 
are  kind  and  gentle  ladies."  I  do  not  think  that  the  staff  of  the 
Military  Hospital  at  Endell  Street,  from  the  doctor  in  charge 
or  the  chief  surgeon  down  to  the  portress  of  the  gate,  have  ever 
ihad  a  prettier  or  more  deserved  compliment  than  this,  paid  by 
a  soldier  grievously  wounded  in  the  Great  Push,  says  a  writer 
in  The  London  Daily  Mail. 

Set  in  the  very  centre  of  London  and  surrounded  by  a  maze 
of  grey  buildings  witih  no  green  thing  nearer  than  the  vegetables 
at  Covent  Garden,  and  with  the  buzz  and  whirl  of  London 
traffic  all  around,  the  Endell  Street  Hospital  has  become  one  of 
the  brightest  havens  in  England.  It  has  also  proved  the  justifica- 
tion of  women's  long  and  insistent  demands  for  high  place  in 
surgery  and  medicine,  and  has  ])roved  without  doubt  to  all 
men  engaged  in  the  Medical  Profession— and  to  the  world  out- 
side that  profession — that  women  doctors  are  equally  successful 
with  themselves  in  all  branches  of  their  calling,  and  not  only 
with  those  ailments  generally  peculiar  to  women  and  children. 

The  only  Military  Hospital  entirely  staffed  by  women  under 
the  War  Office,  this  Hospital  is  the  outcome  of  the  foresighted 
patriotism  of  the  Women's  Hospital  Coi-ps,  founded  during  the 
first  two  weeks  of  the  war  by  two  of  the  leading  women  doctors 
in  England.  B'oth  young  women,  they  formed  a  little  band  of 
workers  and  appealed  to  their  friends  for  funds.  With  a  fine 
equipment  of  drugs,  instruments  and  medical  appliances,  and 
all  real  necessaries  for  a  Hospital  of  about  130  beds,  they  ar- 
rived in  Paris  just  at  the  time  when  the  Germans  were  digging 
themselves  in  on  the  Aisne  and  when  the  wounded  were  ]ioiir- 
ing  into  Paris  in  appalling  numbers. 

For  four  months  they  remained  in  Paris  and  then,  as  the 
British  moved  farther  north,  the  Women's  Hosfiiital  Corps  also 
moved  their  Hospital,  this  time  to  Boulogne.  Placing  their 
voluntary  services  at  the  disposal  of  the  ^^'ar  Office  they  were 
finally  quartered  at  the  Endell  Street  Hospital,  equii>ped  by  and 
run  under  the  military  authorities. 


204  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  Dec,  1916 

The  Hospital  consists  of  IT  wards  with  573  beds  in  all,  and 
the  staff  counts  15  doctors,  including  oculist,  dental  surgeon,  and 
anesthetist ;  quartermaster,  84  women  orderlies,  4  of  sergeant 
rank;  kitchen  helpers,  and  a  few  men  of  the  "  R.A.M.C." 

It  is  no  secret  that  since  July  1  the  wounded  have  been 
comino-  in  in  greater  numbers  than  before  and  that  "  mended  " 
soldiers  have  to  be  evacuated  at  the  rate  of  more  than  100  a 
week.  ^Vhile  several  of  the  men  who  came  in  slightly  wounded- 
at  the  beginning  of  the  month  have  already  been  discharged, 
there  has  been  a  sad  proportion  of  seriously  wounded  who  have 
needed  all  the  fruits  of  the  experience  the  doctors  have  gained 
durino-  their  two  years'  work.  On  several  occasions  durino'  these 
last  weeks  the  chief  surgeon  has  been  in  the  operating  theatre 
for  twelve  hours  on  end,  only  ceasing  her  labors  for  a  few 
minutes  for  necessary  food. 

The  Hospital  has  no  garden,  but  it  has  a  great  square  court- 
yard into  which  the  beds  of  the  men  are  wheeled  at  the  earliest 
possible  moment.  Part  of  the  courtyard  is  covered  in  with  a 
glass  roof,  and  those  soldiers  requiring  constant  open-air  treat- 
ment have  a  hut  and  a  Japanese  summer-house,  and  the  PIos- 
pital  would  like  another  hut,  too,  if  some  sympathizers  w^ould 
give  it.  The  courtyard  is  made  as  gay  as  possible  by  plants  and 
flowers  which  women  gardeners  come  every  day  to  tend  and 
also  to  arrange  the  flowers  in  the  wards. 

The  men  have  gay  sunshades  over  their  beds  and  red  and 
blue  quilts  left  over  from  the  Paris  days.  The  idea  is  to  get 
as  much  color  in  the  wards  as  possible,  and  it  is  wonderful  how 
the  patients  appreciate  such  relief.  The  laboratory  and  dispen- 
sary open  on  to  the  courtyard,  also  the  men's  dining  room,  and 
of  course  the  offices.  The  recreation  hall  is  ruled  over  by  Miss 
Beatrice  Harraden  as  librarian  and  Miss  Bessie  Hatton  as 
organizing  secretary  for  entertainments.  It  has  a  good  supply 
of  books,  a  fine  grand  piano  with  a  tone  quite' equal  to  the  orna- 
mentation on  the  case,  and  that  says  a  good  deal !  A  stage  at 
the  end  of  the  hall  is  hung  with  a  Gobelin  blue  curtain  bearing 
the  monogram  "  W.  H.  C."  and  khaki  grey  back  curtains;  over 
all  is  the  motto  ''  Deeds,  not  words." 

The  quartermaster  has  all  her  departments  organized  with 
the  experience  that  two  years  have  given  her.     She  serves  140 


Dec,  19 J  6  THE    HOSPITAL    WORLD  205 

men  in  tilie  dining  room  with  meat,  vegetables  and  milk  pud- 
ding with  amazing  rapidity,  twenty-five  minutes  seeing  them 
all  fed,  out  again,  and  ready  for  any  amount  of  entertainment 
and  noise  which  may  be  provided  for  them  or  that  they  can 
make  for  themselves. 

Every  day  brings  grateful  visitors  to  the  Hospital,  officers 
who  were  tended  in  Paris  as  well  as  the  men,  and  it  is  a  rare  case 
when  a  man  on  leave  from  the  front  does  not  spare  a  few  min- 
utes to  the  Hospital  where  he  has  been  so  "  jolly  well  mended," 
as  one  man  said. 

'No  wonder  that  they  recommend  the  Women's  Hospital 
Corps  when  they  get  "  out  there."  Said  a  very  badly  wounded 
man  as  his  stretcher  was  carried  into  the  courtyard  from  an 
ambulance  the  other  day :  "  I  asked  to  co^ne  here ;  they  told 
me  on  the  other  side  I'd  be  well  looked  to  here." 


QUEEN'S  HOSPITAL  TO  MOVE  FROM  TREPORT 


WoED  has  been  received  from  Lieut.-Col.  Etherington  that 
Queen's  Hospital  will  move  from  Treport  to  Staples  as  soon  as 
the  weather  becomes  too  cold  to  stay  in  tents.  The  quarters, 
consisting  of  huts,  are  ready  for  their  immediate  occupation. 
The  Hospital  has  treated  over  four  thousand  patients  since 
going  to  France.  , 


tD 


Sir  William  Osler  recently  cabled  his  resignation  frcmi  the 
Canadian  Army  Medical  Service  to  Sir  Ixobert  ]'>orden  at 
Ottawa,  as  a  mark  of  his  sympathy  with  Surgeon-Greneral  -Kmes. 
Sir  William  was  appointed  soon  after  the  war  began  Honorary 
Consulting  Physician  at  Queen's  Hospital,  ShornclitlV'.  Since 
then  he  has  been  Honorary  Adviser  in  connection  with  all  Cann 
dian  Hospitals  throughout  the  Old  Country. 


206  THE    HOSPITAL   WOELD  Dec,  1916 

Canadian  Hospitals 


ST.  ELIZABETH'S   HOSPITAL  AT  FARNHAM, 
QUEBEC,  BURNED 


Six  adults  and  five  children,  at  least,  lost  their  lives  in  a  fire 
which  destroyed  St.  Elizabeth  Hospital  on  October  25th. 

The  hospital  was  managed  by  the  Grey  Knns  and  comprised 
two  buildings,  one  devoted  to  accommodating  sick  and  another 
to  a  school  for  children.  About  three  hundred  persons  were  in 
the  two  buildings  when  the  fire  broke  out,  the  majority  of 
w^hom  were  in  the  slee]nng  quarters  on  the  third  floor  of  the 
hospital  building  when  the  fire  was  discovered.  The  blaze  had 
its  origin  in  a  defective  chimney. 

About  7.30  o'clock  smoke  was  observed  stealing  through  the 
building.  Almost  before  the  alarm  could  be  given,  and  before 
assistance  could  reach  the  inmates,  fierv  tons'ues  of  flames  were 
licking  the  coverings  of  the  beds  in  the  third  storey.  With 
almost  incredible  rapidity  the  fire  spread,  dense  clouds  of  smoke 
rolling  through  the  corridors.  Fighting  for  breath,  the  terrified 
inmates,  seeing  a  chance  of  escape,  dashed  for  the  fire  escapes, 
many  sufferers  literally  having  to  drag  themselves  along  the 
floor.  With  admirable  heroism  officials  and  attendants  of  the 
institution  worked  frantically  to  aid  their  <charges.  Then  came 
the  horrifying  revelation  that  the  fire  escapes  would  not  work. 
Shrieks  of  terror  rang  out  as,  driven  to  desperation  by  the  ad- 
vancing glare,  young  and  old  jumped  from  the  windows  to  fall 
crushed  and  maimed  on  t'he  hard  pavement  beneath. 

Keeping  their  heads  amid  the  confusion,  attendants  guided 
their  charges  to  every  exit  not  yet  cut  off  by  the  flames.  Half 
unconscious,  the  victims  were  carried  out  into  the  grounds  to  be 
taken  immediately  in  hand  by  the  hundreds  of  helpers  who  had 
huri-ied  to  the  spot. 

It  was  at  once  realized  that  the  fire-fighting  equipment  of 
the  hospital  and  of  Farnham  was  inadequate  to  combat  the 
flames  which  were  then  licking  every  part  of  the  doomed  build- 
ing and  had  already  reached  the  adjoining  buildings. 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITAL   WOHI.I)  307 

A  Lurry-up  call  was  sent  to  St.  Johns,  Que.,  and  imme- 
diately on  receipt  of  the  news  the  fire  chief  there  loaded  appa- 
ratus on  a  special  train  which  rushed  through  the  nig-ht  at  top 
speed.  Arriving  in  Farnham  about  9,30  o'clock  the  brigade 
went  to  work  with  a  will,  and  after  strenuous  efforts  succeeded 
in  placing  the  fire  under  control. 

St.  Elizabeth  Hospital  was  built  about  twenty  years  ago. 
It  was  originally  of  three  stories  and  of  brick.  Recently  a  new 
four-storey  wing  was  added.  A  church  and  college  connected 
with  the  institution  were  burned  down  in  lUll. 

The  hospital  was  entirely  destroyed  by  the  fire,  only  the 
ruins  of  the  edifice  being  standing  next  morning.  The  loss  is 
estimated  at  $135,000,  only  $3.5,000  insurance  being  carried 
on  the  premises. 


NEEDS  NEW   WING 


The  need  for  a  new  wing  in  which  to  accommodate  the  large 
number  of  cancer  cases  was  emphasized  at  the.  forty-second 
annual  meeting  of  the  Toronto  Hospital  for  Incurables,  130 
Dunn  Avenue.  Sir  Mortimer  Clark  presided,  and  among  those 
invited  were  His  Honor  the  Lieutenant-Governor,  Sir  John 
Hendrie,  Lady  and  Miss  Hendrie,  Rev.  J.  W.  Aikens,  Dr. 
Edmund  E.  King,  J.  O,  McCarthy,  John  Firstbrook  and  John 
MacDonald. 

President  Ambrose  Kent  gave  a  brief  outline  of  the  work  of 
the  hospital  and  showed  how  it  had  grown  from  the  first  house 
on  Bathurst  Street,  at  the  instigation  of  Sir  jMortimer  Chirk 
and  the  late  Mr.  Michie,  until  now  over  234  cases  were  being- 
cared  for,  seventy  of  whom  were  bedridden  and  twenty-two 
were  cancer  cases. 

During  the  year  the  accommodation  for  this  class  of  patients 
had  been  insufficient,  for  at  one  time  thirty  cases  were  being- 
treated  and  there  was  only  accommodation  for  twenty-four.  It 
will  cost  about  $30,000  to  erect  a  suitable  wing  in  which  to 
house  fifty  beds,  or  $600  a  bed.  Dr.  Edmund  King  stated  that 
the  daily  upkeep  was  eighty-three  and  a  half  cents,  which  was 
comparatively  low.  During  the  year  seventy-three  deaths 
occurred,  a  number  from  old  age  and  twenty-two  through  can- 


208  THE    HOSPITAL    WORLD  Dec,  1916 

cer.    Last  year  the  hospital  had  a  balance  of  $2,106.11,  but  this 
year  it  has  decreased  to  $1,143.41. 

Rev.  J.  W.  Aikiiis  lauded  the  untiring  efforts  of  the  staff, 
and  laid  emphasis  on  the  fact  that  Toronto's  citizens  were  never 
in  a  better  position  to  support  charitable  works  in  the  giving  of 
money.  "  Since  Toronto  has  given  up  her  sons  to  fight  for  the 
Empire,  the  giving  of  money  has  become  but  a  small  item,"  he 
declared. 


DOUBLE  ONTARIO  HOSPITAL 


ActEnt-GejNteral  Reii>  cabled  Premier  Hearst  on  October  24th 
regarding  a  proposal  to  add  five  hundred  to  a  thousand  beds  to 
the  Ontario  Llospital  at  Orpington.  He  thought  possibly  that 
if  Ontario  was  only  willing  to  supply  five  hundred,  the  balance 
could  be  supplied  from  the  Dominion,  but  he  hoped  Ontario 
would  give  one  thousand  beds. 

The  total  expense,  as  the  cost  of  building  has  advanced 
fifteen  per  cent.,  is  estimated  at  $320,000. 

The  British  authorities  ask  provision  for  four  thousand  addi- 
tional beds  in  Canadian  Hospitals  in  England. 


$51,000  RAISED  BY  THE  UNIVERSITY  HOSPITAL 
SUPPLY  ASSOCIATION 


The  statements  recently  issued  by  the  University  Hospital 
Supply  Association  are  indeed  encouraging.  The  Association 
was  formed  hastily  on  St.  Patrick's  Day,  1915,  to  equip  No.  4 
Canadian  General  Hospital,  its  membership  being  made  up  of 
the  womenfolk  belonging  to  the  various  faculties  in  the  L^ni- 
versity.  Each  and  every  member  worked  tirelessly  till  Sej^tem- 
ber  of  last  year,  at  which  time  it  began  to  work  for  the  Canadian 
Red  Cross.  The  Treasurer,  Mrs.  F.  IST,  G.  Starr,  has  handed 
in  subscriptions,  etc.,  a  little  over  fifty  thousand  dollars,  with 
disbursements  totalling  $45,510.  The  Convener  of  the  Packing 
Committee  reported  that  the  packing  between  April,  1915,  and 
October  of  this  year,  included   1,328  large  cases  of  Hospital 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITAL    WORLD  209 

Supplies,  of  which  667  went  to  No.  4  General  Hospital ;  654  to 
the  Canadian  Red  Cross,  with  seven  cases  of  socks  to  the  Secours 
l^ationaL  Mrs.  Samuel  Johnson,  Convener  of  the  Surgical 
Supply  Committee,  reported  that  a  total  of  1,146,575  pieces  of 
surgical  supplies,  including  pads,  compresses  and  sponges,  were 
made  up  to  November  15th,  1915,  and  since  that  date  a  further 
number  of  743,750,  We  heartily  congratulate  the  Association 
ujion  theiv  work. 


RHEUMATIC  PATIENTS  TO   BE  TRANSFERRED 
FROM  ENGLISH  TO  CANADIAN  HOSPITALS 


Areakgements  were  recently  made  by  the  Military  Hospitals 
Cojnmission  to  treat  in  the  Hospitals  in  Canada  from  1,000  to 
1,500  Canadian  soldiers  now  under  treatment  in  England  for 
rheumatic  trouble,  and  they  will  be  brought  to  Canada  as  soon 
as  the  necessary  accommodation  and  hospital  equipment  can  be 
furnished.  There  are  at  present  nearly  2,000  Canadian  soldiers 
throughout  England  suffering  from  rheumatic  and  similar  com- 
plaints, due  to  exposure  in  the  trenches.  A  large  percentage  of 
these  patients,  after  treatment  in  England  in  the  British  and 
Canadian  Hospitals,  are  pronounced  fit  to  return  to  the  firing 
line,  but  experience  has  shown  that  renewed  exposure  in  the 
trenches  generally  brings  about  a  recurrence  of  the  disease,  and 
the  military  authorities  have  come  to  the  conclusion  that  this 
method  of  looking  after  Canadian  rheumatic  cases  has  been 
unsatisfactory.  Consequently  after  a  careful  investigation  by 
a  Medical  Board,  headed  by  Col.  Herbert  Bruce,  of  Toronto,  it 
has  been  decided  to  bring  these  patients  to  Canada  as  soon  as 
they  are  well  enough  to  travel. 


The  annual  meeting  of  the  supporters  of  the  Kitchener  Orphan- 
age was  held  on  October  30th,  at  which  it  was  reported  by  the 
Matron,  Miss  Snyder,  that  39  boys  and  42  girls  had  been  ad- 
mitted to  the  institution  during  the  year  and  that  114  orphans 
had  been  cared  for.  There  was  very  little  sickkness  and  no 
deaths.  The  financial  statement  showed  a  substantial  balance 
On  hand. 


210  THE   HOSPITAL   WORLD  Dec,  1916 

DR.  CLARKE  WITHDRAWS  FROM  HOSPITAL 

WORK 


That  lie  may  devote  Lis  time  to  his  profession  alone  and  to  the 
social  uplift  organizations  in  which  he  had  been  interested  for 
a  number  of  years,  Dr.  Charles  Kirk  Clarke  is  about  to  retire 
as  'Superintendent  of  the  Toronto  General  Hospital,  a  position 
which  he  has  held  for  the  past  five  years. 

For  over  forty  years  Dean  Clarke  has  been  associated  with 
hospitals,  principally  institutions  for  the  treatment  of  the 
insane.  In  1874,  when  he  was  seventeen  years  of  age,  he  became 
Assistant  Clinical  Superintendent  of  the  Toronto  Lunatic 
Asylum,  and  a  year  after  his  graduation  from  the  University 
of  Toronto  as  a  doctor  of  medicine  he  received  the  appointment 
of  Assistant  Medical  Superintendent  of  the  Hamilton  Insane 
Asylum.  From  1885  to  1905  he  was  Medical  Superintendent 
of  Rockwood  Asylum.  In  1905  he  was  appointed  Medical  Sup- 
erintendent of  Toronto  Asylum,  where  he  remained  until  he 
was  asked  to  succeed  Dr.  J.  IST.  E.  Brown  as  Superintendent  of 
the  Toronto  General  Hospital. 

In  1901  he  was  Royal  Commissioner  investigating  the  ^ew 
Westminster  Asylum,  and  in  1907  Royal  Commissioner  study- 
ing the  methods  of  the  treatment  of  the  insane  in  Europe.  In 
1904  he  was  co-editor  of  the  American  Journal  of  Insanity. 

Also  he  is  considering  Jiis  home.  All  of  his  family  have 
enlisted  and  are  overseas.  The  last  to  leave  was  his  son,  Ser- 
geant-Major Clarke,  of  the  169th  Battalion,  who  was  a  graduate 
of  the  Royal  Military  College,  and  a  civil  engineer  by  profes- 
sion. Preferring  to  rise  from  the  ranks  and  earn  any  promotion 
on  his  merits,  Sergeant-Major  Clarke  enlisted  as  a  private.  A 
daughter  enlisted  in  the  University  of  Toronto  Base  Hospital 
as  a  nursing  sister. 

One  of  the  departments  which  has  been  developed  by  Dean 
Clarke  since  he  became  Superintendent  of  the  Hospital  is  the 
social  service.  By  interesting  public-spirited  citizens  he  has 
been  able  to  obtain  funds  to  employ  nurses  to  go  into  the  homes 
of  the  poor  who  come  into  the  hospital,  to  clothe  them,  their 
families^  and  aid  them  in  other  ways.  By  persistently  pleading 
the  needs  of  the  feeble-minded  he  has  placed  many  children  and 
adults  who  were  a  menace  to  the  community  in  different  insti- 
tutions and  hospitals. 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITA-L   WORLD  211 

SPLENDID  WORK  OF  THE  BRITISH  RED  CROSS 

SOCIETY 


It  is  the  greatest  source  of  satisfaction  to  all  right-thinking 
Canadians  to  learn  what  the  magnificent  British  Red  Cross 
Society  has  been  doing  and  is  still  doing  in  behalf  of  the  sick 
and  wounded  throughout  Europe. 

The  care  of  the  wounded  and  sick  of  the  British  forces  serv- 
ing in  France  and  Flanders  falls  under  two  main  heads — their 
transport  by  motor  ambulance  and  hospital  train  and  the  pro- 
vision of  hospitals. 

Since  September,  1914,  the  Joint  Committee  of  the  British 
Eed  Cross  Society  and  the  Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  have 
provided  1,100  motor  ambulances  serving  the  British  army  in 
France  and  Belgium,  60  with  the  French  army,  and  25  with  the 
Belgmns.  The  Committee  have  also  established  large  repair 
shops  at  Boulog-ne,  and  between  four  and  fi'^e  hundred  other 
vehicles,  including  lorries,  repair  wagons,  touring  cars  and 
cycles.  A  personnel  of  over  1,500  persons  is  employed,  of  whom 
several  have  been  mentioned  in  despatches,  one  having  been 
awarded  his  D.C.M.  A  large  number  of  women  drivers 
employed  at  the  Bases  are  members  of  the  Red  Cross  Voluntary 
Aid  Detachments  and  of  the  First  Aid  Kursing  Yeomanrv. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  Hospitals  and  Convalescent 
Homes  at  present  established  under  the  auspices  of  the  Red 
Cross  for  sick  and  wounded  soldiers  in  France: 

St.  John  Brigade  Hospital,  520  beds,  Etaples;  jSTo.  1  Red 
Cross  (Duchess  of  Westminster's),  150  beds,  Le  Touquet ;  No. 
2  Red  Cross,  250  beds,  Rouen;  No.  5  Red  Cross  (Lady  Had- 
field's),  100  beds,  Wimereux;  No.  6  Red  Cross  (Liverpool  Mer- 
chants' Mobile),  252  beds,  Etaples;  No.  8  Red  Cross  (Baltic 
and  Corn  Exchange),  250  beds,  Paris-Plage;  No.  9  Red  Cross 
(Millicent  Sutherland  Ambulance),  100  beds,  Calais;  No.  10 
Red  Cross  (Lady  Murray),  50  beds,  Le  Treport;  Canadian 
Convalescent  Home,  30  beds,  Dieppe ;  Hospital  Queen  Alexan- 
dra (Friends'  Ambulance  Unit),  120  beds,  Malo  les  Bains; 
No.  2  Anglo-Belgian  (British  Farmers'),  166  beds,  Calais; 
Astoria  Hospital  (Lady  Mitchelham),  200  beds,  Paris;  Barge 
Secours  (F.A.U.),  26  beds,  Bergues. 


212  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  Dec,  1!)  L6 

Tthe  following  comprise  the  Hospitals  now  maintained 
under  the  Red  Gross  in  Egypt : 

]^o.  1  Red  Cross  'Convalescent  (Syrian),  35  Leds,  Alexan- 
dria; No.  3  Red  Oross  Convalescent  (Lady  Douglas,  42nd 
Division),  50  beds,  Alexandria;  ISTo.  4  Red  Cross  Convalescent 
(Ross),  23  beds,  Alexandria;  ISFo.  6  Red  Cross  Convalescent 
(Lady  Howard  De  Walden),  150  beds,  Alexandria;  No.  7  Red 
Cross  Convalescent  (Sultan's  Montazah  Palace),  1,000  beds, 
Alexandria;  No.  10  Red  Cross  Convalescent  (Lindemanu),  36 
beds,  Ibrahimieh ;  No.  11  Red  Cross  Convalescent  (Old  Re,.i- 
dency,  Mustapha),  17  beds,  Alexandria;  No.  12  Red  Cross 
Convalescent  (Officer's),  40  beds,  Cairo;  Red  Cross  Hospital, 
Saidieh  (Giza),  520  beds,  Cairo;  Red  Cross  Convalescent  Hos- 
pital, Walda  Palace,  Helouan,  100  beds,  Cairo. 

Two  Hospitals,  Nos.  8  and  9,  were  opened  for  nurses ;  No.  8 
(Zizinia)  is  now  closed,  but  No.  9  (Bulkley),  containing  23 
beds,  at  Alexandria,  is  doing  admirable  work. 

Altogether  four  hospital  trains  have  been  placed  at  the  dis- 
posal of  the  army  through  the  Red  Cross.  Each  train  is  designed 
to  carry  450  men,  but  can  carry  500  in  times  of  pressure.  They 
bring  back  the  wounded  swiftly  and  smoothly  from  behind  the 
firing  line  to  the  coast.  Removable  beds  are  supported  on 
brackets  on  either  side  of  the  carriages  and  are  as  comfortable 
as  they  can  be  made.  Each  train  has  an  operating  table,  dis- 
pensary, kitchens,  etc.,  and  an  expert  staff.  On  occasion  a 
train  has  been  run  into  a  siding  and  an  urgent  operation  per- 
formed during  the  journey  home.  So  far  many  thousands  of 
men  have  travelled  homewards  in  these  trains  from  the  battle- 
fields of  France  and  Flanders,  among  them  His  Majesty  him- 
self, after  his  severe  accident  while  reviewing  the  troops.  For 
instance,  train  known  as  No.  11  has  carried  in  less  than  twelve 
months  over  twenty-six  thousand  patients  and  travelled  as  many 
miles. 

Once  again  we  take  this  opportunity  of  congratulating  in 
the  heartiest  possible  manner  this  splendid  Society,  which  has 
done  so  much  since  the  opening  of  this  terrible  war — the 
greatest  crime  of  all  centuries. 


Dec,  1916  THE   HOSPITAL    WORLD  213 

Hospital  Items 

We  take  this  opportunity  of  congratulating  the  Committee  who 
had  charge  of  the  Queen  Mary  Hospital  White  Rose  Day,  which 
took  place  on  -September  7th  last,  on  the  result  of  their  work. 
The  net  amount  credited  to  the  Queen  Mary  Hospital  for  Con^- 
sumptive  Children  at  Weston  was  $12,470.06. 

It  is  understood  that  the  following  compose  the  Board  recently 
appointed  to  reorganize  the  matter  of  Canadian  Hospitals  now 
on  Active  Service:  Col.  H.  A.  Bruce,  Toronto,  Director;  Capt. 
(Dr.)  W.  F.  E.  Wilson,  St.  Catharines,  Second  in  Command; 
Col.  Wallace  Scott,  Toronto,  and  Lieut.-Col.  Walter  McKeown. 
Toronto. 


Personals 


It  was  recently  announced  that  Col.  Murray  MacLaren,  of  St. 
John,  ]^.B.,  (has  been  asked  to  take  charge  of  Cliveden  Hospital. 

Mrs  Isabella  Holmes  Iveech,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  made  a  dona- 
tion of  fifty  thousand  dollars  to  the  Western  Pennsylvania  Hos- 
pital of  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  in  commemoration  of  her  late  husband,, 
William  H.  Keech,  a  former  prominent  Pittsburgh  business--. 
man,  who  during  his  life  was  very  much  interested  in  charity.  . 

Col.  Geo.  IsTasmith,  C.M.G.,  Toronto,  and  Col.  Adami,  of 
Montreal,  have  resigned  from  the  Canadian  Medical  Service- 
and  returned  to  Canada.     Both  gentlemen  have  resumed  their- 
work,  Col.  Nasmith  in  the  Toronto  Health  Laboratories,  and 
Col.  Adami  at  McGill  University. 

We  extend  hearty  congratulations  to  our  esteemed  confrere, 
Capt.  (Dr.)  Harley  Smith,  of  Toronto,  now  "  doing  his  bit  "  at 
the  Ontario  Base  Hospital,  Orpington,  on  his  recent  promotion 
to  the  rank  of  major. 


214  THE    HOSPITAL    WORLD  Dec,  1916 

Book  Reviews 


Clinical  Studies  for  Nurses  for  Second  and  Third  Year  Pupil 
Nurses.  By  Chaelotte  A.  Aikens^  formerly  Superinten- 
dent of  Columbia  Hospital,  Pittsburgh.  Third  edition. 
W.  B.  Saunders  Company,  Philadelphia  and  London. 

In  this  book  on  Clinical  Studies  for  Nurses  Miss  Aikens 
has  in  mind  the  securing  of  grading  instruction  for  nurses — 
these  studies  being  a  sequel  to  her  Primary  Studies  and  designed 
to  meet  the  needs  of  second  and  third-year  pupil-nurses.  This 
edition  has  been  thoroughly  revised.  Additions  have  been 
made  to  various  chapters  and  new  illustrations  introduced. 

The  author  desires  to  emphasize  the  fact  that  this  book  is  a 
compilation.  But  what  has  hitherto  been  scattered  in  various 
books  and  taught  in  lectures  is  here  given  in  a  systematic  and 
concise  form.  Standard  medical  works  and  practising  phy- 
sicians who  are  teachers  of  medical  students  have  been  freely 
consulted.  The  comprehensiveness  of  the  subjects  treated,  the 
practicability  of  suggestions  offered,  make  the  book  a  valuable 
adjunct  to  a  nurse's  or  teacher's  library. 


T^e  Expectant  Mother.  By  iSamuel  Wyllis  Bandler,  M.D., 
Professor  of  Gynecology  in  the  New  York  Post-Graduate 
Medical  Sohool  and  Hospital.  Illustrated.  Philadelphia 
and  London:  W.  B.  Saunders  Company.     1916. 

This  book  is  full  of  useful  information  especially  for  the 
trained  nurse.  The  author  has  endeavored  to  use  simple  lan- 
guage, but  of  necessity  has  employed  many  terms  foreign  to 
any  but  a  medical  vocabulary,  and  consequently  the  expectant 
mother  would  in  many  instances  have  difficulty  in  understand- 
ing them.  But  were  she  able  to  fully  appreciate  the  many 
dangers  of  pregnancy  and  parturition,  so  well  depicted  by  the 
author,  she  would  be  a  brave  woman  who  faced  them,  especially 


Dec,  1916  THE    HOSPITAL   WORLD  215 

for  the  first  time,  with  the  cheerful  and  hopeful  inind  so  essen- 
tial for  her  coming  trial.  The  postpartum  stage  and  care  of  the 
mother  until  the  uterus  has  fully  recovered  and  the  directions 
for  nursing  and  care  of  the  child  are  good,  and  sihould  be  known 
to  all  expectant  mothers.  Twilight  sleep  has  been  well  ex- 
l^lained  and  reasons  given  for  not  using  it.  This  is  a  vcrv 
interesting  little  book.  w.  .1.  w. 


Ca7'e  and  Feeding  of  Infants  and  Children.  A  text-book  for 
Trained  Nurses.  By  Waltek  Recur  Ra:msay,  M.D.,  Asso- 
ciate Professor  Diseases  of  Children,  University  of  ]\linne- 
sota,  etc. 

This  little  work  shows  a  vast  amount  of  work  and  consider- 
able experience.  It  is  not  perfect,  going  too  deeply  into  some 
subjects,  and  very  sketchy  in  others.  Some  of  the  plates  are 
excellent.  The  book  is  well  printed,  as  arc  all  J.  B.  Lippincott's, 
and  may  be  found  helpful  in  cases  of  emergency  to  the  trained 
nurse. 


The  Control  of  Hunger  in  Health  and  Disease.  By  x\xtox 
Julius  Carlson.  Pp.  319.  Illustrated  wilih  3S  plates. 
Chicago:  The  University  of  Chicago  Press.  SejHember. 
1916.     Price,  $2.00  net,' postage  extra. 

Those  who  were  privileged  to  hear  the  address  of  the  Pro- 
fessor of  Physiology  of  the  University  of  Chicago  at  the 
Academy  of  Medicine,  Toronto,  in  October,  upon  hunger,  appe- 
tite and  gastric  secretion,  heard  enough  to  create  a  desire  to 
know  more  about  the  work  he  has  done  on  the  stomach. 

The  book  contains  a  summary  of  the  work  carried  out  along 
these  special  lines  in  the  Hull  Physiological  Laboratory  of  the 
university  during  the  past  four  years.  In  the  various  chapters 
most  of  the  biological  and  clinical  literature  of  the  subject  is 
presented  iii  condensed  form,  giving  an  excellent  sununary  of 
our  present  knowledge. 

There  are  some  seventeen  chapters  with  subnlieadings  in 
each.     His  method  of  study  and  deduction  leads  him  to  ]>rese]it 


216  THE    HOSPITAL   AVORLI)  Dec,  191G 

his  conclusions  at  tlie  end  of  each,  a  most  admirable  plan.  One 
chapter  is  devoted  to  the  action  of  bitter  tonics  (a)  on  the  hunger 
mechanism,  (&)  on  the  secretion  of  gastric  juice,  (c)  on  food 
consumption,  (d)  on  appetite  in  clinical  cachexia.  His  results 
are  interesting  and  should  elicit  further  contributions  on  the 
subject  from  clinicians.  j.  ir.  e. 


The  American  Hospital  Development.  By  Edward  F.  Stevens. 
Published  by  The  Architectural  Record  Co.,  IN'ew  York,  119 
West  Fortieth  Street. 

This  beautiful  brochure  on  calendered  paper  with  lovely 
pictures  of  hospitals — American  and  European — is  a  reprint  of 
two  articles  of  Mr.  Stevens  which  appeared  a  year  ago  in  TJie 
Architectural  Record. 

The  text  describes  the  influence  of  European  hospitals  on 
American ;  and  emphasizes  the  need  of  the  special  preparation 
of  our  American  architects  who  attempt  hospital  designing  in 
this  sort  of  work — something  insisted  upon  in  German  hospitals 
in  particular. 

The  author  shows  some  plans  of  the  more  recently  con- 
structed European  hospitals  and  also  plans  of  the  newer  Amer- 
ican, particular  emphasis  being  placed  upon  a  number  he 
himself  designed. 

The  essayist,  after  a  considerable  apprenticeship  with  the 
veteran,  Taylor,  of  Boston,  boldly  entered  the  special  field  of 
hospital  architecture,  and  to  specially  equip  himself  for  his 
chosen  field  has  several  times  visited  Europe  and  made  careful 
and  conscientious  studies  of  the  hospitals  there. 

Interesting  studies  of  ward  units  are  made,  and  some  beau- 
tiful interiors  are  shown. 


Dec,  1916 


THK   IlOSPITAi.  WOHLD 


xvii 


DESCRIPTION  OF  DOLL.— Over  5  feet  tall,  made  of  finely  woven 
stockinet.  Is  durable,  waterproof  and  sanitary.  Has  copper  Reservoir 
which  has  three  tubes  leading  into  it,  correspcn-Jine  in  location  and 
"^ize  to  the  urethra,  yaginal  and  recta!  passages. 


The  Chase  Hospital  Doll 

For  Use  in  Training  Schools 

Adult  size,  also  infant  models,  2,  4 
and  12  months,  and  4-year-old  sizes. 

Chase  dolls  are  well  made  of  cloth, 
jointed,  and  painted  with  waterproof 
paint,  with  internal  reservoirs. 

The  Value 

of  this  substitute  of  a  living  model  is 
found  in  the  many  practical  lessons 
which  can  be  taught  in  the  class  room, 
such  as  handling  of  patients,  admin- 
istering enema,  douching,  probing  in 
the  ear  and  nose  cavities — in  short, 
the  complete  care  of  the  patient. 


We  make  dolls  with- 
out reservoir  if  desired. 
Send  for  illustrated 
booklet  giving  full 
particulars. 


M.  J.  CHASE 

22  Park  Place,  Pawtucket,  R.I. 


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Choose  "BAKER'S 


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Prepare  it  carefully,  following  the  direc- 
tions on  the  package,  and  you  will  liml 
that  every  member  of  the  family  will 
thoroughly  enjoy  this  delicious  and  w  liole- 
some  beverage.  Its  healthlulness  is  assured 
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Made  only  by 

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When  writing  advertisers,   please   mention   The   Hospital   World. 


i 


xviii  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Dec,  1916 

NEW  HOSPITAL  APPLIANCES,  ETC. 


Artificial  Limbs  for  Soldiers 

The  Military  Hospitals  Commission  has  appointed  a  Commit- 
tee on  Orthopedics  to  consider  the  matter  of  artificial  limhs  for 
members  of  the  Canadian  Expeditionary  Forces  who  need  such 
appliances.  The  Committee  is  composed  of  the  following:  Dr. 
Clarence  Starr,  Toronto,  President ;  Dr.  W.  E.  Gallic,  Toronto, 
and  Lieut.-Col.  McKenzie  Forbes,  M.D.,  Montreal.  Dr.  F.  J. 
Shej^herd,  Montreal,  one  of  tlie  Medical  members  of  the  Com- 
mission, and  Lieut.-Col.  Thompson,  M.D.,  the  Medical  Superin- 
tendent of  the  Commission,  will  be  ex-o'fficio  members.  As  our 
readers  are  doubtless  aware,  the  Commission  some  little  time 
ago  opened  its  own  factory  close  to  the  Central  Convalescent 
Hospital  in  Toronto. 


For  Use  in  Institutions 

It  must  be  most  gratifying  to  the  manufacturers  of  the  Radia- 
tor Humidifying  Pans  that  they  have  recently  secured  orders 
for  the  instalment  of  these  Pans  in  such  buildings  as  the  Cana- 
dian Bank  of  Commerce,  Imperial  Bank  of  Canada,  Dominion 
Bank  of  Canada,  Bank  of  Montreal,  Standard  Bank  of  Can- 
ada, Bank  of  Toronto  and  many  of  its  branches,  the  office  of 
Dr.  C.  J.  C.  O.  Hastings,  Medical  Officer  of  Health  for  the 
city  of  Toronto,  Dr.  John  L.  Davison,  Dr.  E.  A.  E,  Howard, 
Sir  Lyman  Melvin- Jones,  Imperial  Life  Insurance  Co.,  Excel- 
sior Life  Insurance  Co.,  University  of  Toronto  and  other 
buildings  in  Toronto  and  elsewhere. 

There  is  no  doubt  that  the  use  of  Humidifying  Pans  properly 
moistens  the  air  for  breathing  and  can  be  the  means  of  prevent- 
ing a  number  of  the  common  winter  ailments,  such  as  sore  throat, 
headache,  general  malaise,  etc.  These  Pans  are  installed  on 
the  radiator  at  the  back,  between  the  radiator  and  the  wall,  and 
are,  therefore,  out  of  sight.  They  vastly  improve  the  atmosphere 
in  any  room,  whether  it  be  a  private  bedroom,  a  hospital  ward 
or  living  room.  They  result  in  the  air  becoming  infinitely  more 
comfortable  and  also  prevent  the  warping  and  cracking  of 
woodwork,  fine  furniture,  etc. 


Dec,  19 IG 


THE   HOSPITAL  WOIHJ) 


XIX 


f 


Pneumonia,  Pleurisy, 
Bronchitis,  Quinsy, 
Laryngitis,  Etc. 

increase  with  the  coming  of  WinteP 
and  suggest,  to  the  Physician  of  wide 
experience  and  success,  the  important 
role  played  in  these  diseases,  of 


iMHiniinHn"""* 

Tr.n,  iiv  TKL  iJi;:vi:::      ' ' 

KR  THE    Fccl)  A  ■ 
■J98.     H.KIAI.  No- -' 
L_r.  tEP    THE      LID_P''." 


^•^^  DENVER  CHrMlCALMra^l 

A  fir"    3A|.e      OvVuV    ""i"  ^'- 


PBICE.  50  CENTS 

niiiinnniiiiiiMiMiH 


Directions: — Always  heat 
i  n  the  orieinal  container  by 
placing  in  hot  water. 
Needless  exposure  to  the 
air,  impairs  its  osmotic 
properties — on  which  its 
therapeutic  action  largely 
depends. 


"  Antiphlogistine  does  not  inter- 
fere with,  or  antagonize  in  any 
way,  the  internal  medication  in 
vogue  by  the  several  schools  ol 
medical  practice.  Its  applica- 
tion is  external  and  its  Chemical 
composition  being  known  to  the 


practitioner,  *  he  is  proceeding 
along  scientific  lines  when  he 
uses  this  sale,  non-irntating, 
hygroscopic,  depleting,  blood- 
saving  expedient,  in  the  treat- 
ment ol  pneumonia  and  allied 
diseases." 


SEND  FOR   COPY  OF  "PNEUMONIA"  BOOKLET 


By  ordering  Arjtiphlogistine  in  full  and  original  packages  :  Small,  ^tedium. 
Large,  or  Hospital  Size,  "a  perfect  poultice"  is  assured. 


Ph\}sicians  should  IVRITE  "Antiphlogistine"  to  AVOID  "substitutes.  " 


"There's  Only  One  Antiphlogistine.  " 


THE   DENVER  CHEMICAL   MFG.  COMP.^NY.  MONTREAL 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention  The  Hospital   World. 


XX  THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD  Dec,  1916 


The  attention  .of  Hospitals  and  Sanatoria  throngliont  Can- 
ada is  called  to  these  Radiator  Pans,  particnlarly  at  this  season 
of  the  year,  and- it  is  suggested  that  Medical  Superintendents  of 
such  institutions  communicate  with  the  manufacturers,  Wilson 
Specialties,  33-Melinda  Street,  Toronto,  who  will  gladly  supply 
all  necessary  information. 


Correction  of  Defective  Eyesight 

The  possibility  of  conserving  human  energy  by  correcting  eye 
defects  is  very  great  because  of  the  sensitiveness  and  vast  areas 
of  sight  centres  in  the  brain.  A  large  amount  of  motive  force 
is  ntilized  in  the  function  of  vision,  even  when  performed  under 
the  easiest  possible  circumstances,  but  where  there  are  defects 
in  the  eye  there  is  a  still  greater  tax  on  nerve  force  to  achieve 
good  vision.  Fortunately  in  the  present  day  there  has  been  per- 
fected such  a  wide  combination  of  lenses  for  the  correction  of 
defective  eyesight  that  no  one  need  suffer  from  this  cause.  On 
page  XV  of  this  number  Toronto  Opticians,  Limited,  call 
attention  to  their  facilities  for  filling  accurately  oculists'  pre- 
scriptions and  grinding  every  kind  of  lens. 


Sal  Hepatica 

Tins  preparation  is  an  agreeable  effervescent  saline  laxative 
and  uric  acid  solvent,  and  has  rapidly  gained  the  favor  of  phy- 
sicians generally.  It  is  a  combination  of  lithia  and  sodium 
])hosphate  with  the  laxative  salts  similar  to  those  found  in  the 
most  famous  European  bitter  or  purgative  waters.  The  action 
of  'the  salts  held  in  solution  in  the  "  bitter  waters  "  is  too  well 
known  to  demand  specific  elucidation,  but  their  remedial  value 
is  considerably  enhanced  by  the  addition  .of  lithia  and  sodium 
phosphate.  Sal  Hepatica  can  be  employed  as  a  laxative  and 
eliminant  of  irritating  toxins  with  safety  and  satisfaction  in 
inflammatory  conditions  of  the  bowels,  and  is  worthy  of  a  pro- 
minent place  in  the  diarrheas  of  infancy  and  childhood,  and  in 
"summer  complaints,"  which  arise  from  fermentative  and 
putrefactive  causes. 


Dec,  1916 


THE   HOSPITAL    WOIIIJ) 


XXI 


The  Largest  Hospitals 


have  proved 


Made 

in 
Canada 


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satisfaction. 

Especially  adapted  for  cork 
linoleum,  composition  and  hard- 
wood floors. 

Write  for  prices  and  one  pound 
tin  free  for  trial. 

Manufactured  by 

COOKE  &  BOULTON,  ^^Io'^rI^j^nto  ^ 


The  Thorough    Harmony 

of  all  paits  of  the  product  demonstrates 
that  science  and  accumulated  knowledge 
were  factors  in  delermininK  the  compo- 
sition of 


A  preparation  specifically  designedfor 
the  prevention  of.  and  as  a  co-operative 
home  treatment  for  pyorrhea  must  com- 
bine the  properties  of  both  a  cleansing 
and  a  healing  medium.  PYORRHOCIDE 
cleans  and  polishes  the  teeth.  Its 
Denlinol  medication  contributes  to  the 
science  of  the  product  and  to  its  efficiency 
as  a   healinK    agent   in    soft,   bleeding, 

•-[       spongy,    receding    gum    conditions — 

jTl        usually  a  forerunner  of 

§    PYORRHEA 

FRE't    UPON    REQUEST  — Our   latest 
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QUALITY     FIRST 


In  Infant  Feeding,  when  it  becomes 
necessary  to  resort  to  artificial  feeding, 
the  first  questions  that  a  physician 
asks  himself,  as  regards  the  food  to 
be  used,  are  : 

What  is  it  made  of  ?  How  is  it  made  ? 
and  Who  makes  it  ? 


^c 


ct<£ 


^^O-r-^^o^u 


liRAM) 


Condensed 

MILK 


'=•"•6.1  will  b,«r '"'     *      ///»' 
-lONTBEAL.CANAP* 


THE  ORIGINAL 

for  sixty  years  has  been  specified  almost  invariably 
by  physicians  when  prescribing  Condensed  Milk, 
fhe  name  "  BORDE.N'S "  guarantees  carefully 
selected  raw  material  that  is  manufactured  by  the 

most  improved  and   sanitary    methods,  insurinq  a  finished   pro- 
dtct  that  is  consistently  uniform  in  composition  and  quality. 
Samples,  Feeding  Charts  in  any  language,  and  our  52-pagc 
hook-  ^'Bahyi's  H'cllarc,  "  moiled  upon  request. 

BORDEN  MILK  COMPANY,  Ltd.     -    iviontreal 

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Branch  Office:  2  Arcade  Bldj.,  Vancouver,  B.C. 


When   writing;   ;ul\ertisrrs,    i)loaso   iiiciuioii    Tlio    no.-ipital    Worlil. 


xxii  THE  HOSPITAL  WOELD  Dec,  1916 

Chronic  Intestinal  Indigestion 

This  chronic  disorder  frequently  follows  tlie  acute  form  of  indi- 
gestion, especially  in  children  who  are  below  par  in  general 
health  and  vitality.  As  in  the  acute  variety,  the  condition  is 
not  one  of  positive  bacterial  invasion,  but  rather  a  negative 
state,  in  which  there  is  a  general  inadequacy  on  the  part  of  the 
normal  intestinal  flora  to  fulfil  its  function. 

The  child  lapses  into  a  state  of  chronic  malnutrition ;  diar- 
rhea alternates  with  constipation,  the  stools  being  white  or  gray- 
ish in  color,  lumpy  in  consistency,  acid  in  reaction,  rancid  in 
odor,  and  containing  curds  and  particles  of  undigested  food. 

The  patient  should,  if  possible,  be  removed  to  the  country, 
preferably  to  the  seaside  or  the  mountains,  and  given  the  advan- 
tages of  a  rigorous  hygiene.  The  diet  needs  the  most  careful 
individual  selection  and  adjustment  in  each  case;  but  the  gen- 
eral principle  is  that  it  should  consist  of  concentrated,  pre-di- 
gested  food,  such  as  beef  peptonoids,  egg  albumen,  whey,  malted 
foods,  etc.  The  bowel  should  be  frequently  irrigated,  clear  up 
to  the  colon,  with  tepid  water,  to  which  listerine  has  been  added 
in  the  proportion  of  two  ounces  to  the  pint,  but  no  astringents. 
Injections  of  olive  oil  and  cacao  butter  are  also  useful  to  assist 
nutrition. 


Hospital  Supplies 

Hospital,  and  sick-room  supplies  of  all  kinds,  it  should  be  borne 
in  mind,  can  be  secured  on  a  moment's  notice  from  The  J.  F. 
Hartz  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto.  This  firm  specializes  in  everything 
needed  by  the  sick — urinals,  bed  pans,  rubber  sheeting,  clinical 
thermometers,  bed  rests,  invalid  furniture  of  every  kind,  oper- 
ating tables,  nurses'  bags,  instrument  cabinets,  ether  for 
anesthesia  (specially  purified  by  a  new  process  invented  by 
Prof.  G.  Michaclis),  standard  medical  books,  blood  pressure 
instruments,  nurses'  pocket  instrument  cases,  surgeons'  and 
nurses'  gowns,  in  fact  everything  that  may  be  required  by  the 
surgeon,  physician  or  nurse,  and  the  prices  are  right.     Xuf  sed. 


Dec,  193  6 


THE  HOSPITAL  WORLD 


XXI 11  • 


Highest 
Grade 
Only 


GERHARD  HEINTZMAN 

GRAND  ) 

SELF-PLAYER    PIANOS 
UPRIGHT         J 

Edison  Diamond  Disc 
Phonographs 


Columbia  Grafonolas 


There  is  nothing  like  music  for  the  home — which  all  can 
enjoy.    What    better   than    music    for  the    convalescent? 

Write  for  our  complete  catalogue  of  Pianos  and  Phono- 
graphs.     Easy   terms    of    payment    on    any    instrument. 

Gerhard  Heintzman  Limited 


(Opp.  City  Hall) 


41  West  Queen  St..  Toronto 


"When   writing  advertisers,   please   mention   The   Hospital    WorM. 


XXIV 


THE   HOSPITAL  WORLD 


Dec,  1916 


92%  OF  THE  HOSPITALS 

WHO  FAVOR  US  WITH  THEIR  PATRONAGE,  BUY 

"ABSORBON" 

The  Low-Priced  Absorbent  Cotton  of  Quality 

in  preference  to  other  brands,  because  it  is  better  value  at  the  price 
than  any  other  brand  on  this  market. 

Guaranteed  pure,  sterile — passes  through  the  same  50  different 
operations  as  our  higher  grades — sells  ior 
less  because  made  from  short  staple  cotton 
which  costs  less  than  long  fibre  cotton 
though  quality  is  identical. 

Investigate — A  postcard  brings  samples  and 
prices  to  your  desk. 

Maplewood  Mills 


Largest  Manufacturers  in  the  World 
FALL    RIVER,    MASS. 


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862  DUPONT  STREET,  TORONTO 


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Individual 

Designs 

Cheerfully 

Submitted 


When  writing  advertisers,   please  mention   The   Hospital   World. 


Hospital 

Superintendents 

Know 

that  nothing  is  so  detrimental  to  the 
health  of  patients  as  the  lack  of  the 
normal  percentage  of  moisture  in  the 
air  they  breathe.  How  often  it  has  been 
demonstrated  beyond  question  that  the 
moment  the  air  of  the  sleeping  room 
becomes  too  dry,  just  so  soon  will  the 
inmate  of  that  room  sufTer  from  sore 
throat,  headache,  sleeplessness  and  gen- 
eral malaise,  a  condition  that  is  at  once 
changed  on  returning  to  normal  con- 
ditions. The  attention  of  Hospitals,  therefore,  is 
particularly  called  to 

The  Radiator  Humidifying  Pan 


(ORMSBY  PATENT) 


This  is  a  strongly  made  metal  device  so 
shaped  that  it  snugly  fits  any  standard 
steam  or  hot  water  radiator,  out  of  sight, 
between  the  radiator  and  the  wall.  This 
pan  is  filled  with  water,  which  evaporates 
very  rapidly ,  converting  the  air  of  the 
room  or  corridor  into  moist,  \\holesome, 
iiealthful  atmosphere  that  Nature's  good 
health  demands.  This  is  the  very  thing 
needed  in  all  Institutions,  not  only  Hos- 
}Mtals,  but  Asylums,  Sanatoria,  and 
Public  Charitable  Institutions  as  well. 
One  Radiator  Humidifying  Pan  to  each 
steam  or  hot  water  Radiator  gives  ample 
humidity  to  any  room. 
The  first  cost  is  the  only  cost,  and  they 
will  last  a  lifetime. 

$1.50  each. 

Superintenilents  shoulil  at  once  look  into 
the  merits  of  this  device.  Full  particulars 
can  be  obtained  from 

Wilson  Specialties 

33  Melinda  Street,  Toronto 

Manchester  BuiUltnK 
Phone  Adelaide  3089 

Many     Insurance     Companies.     Itanks. 

anil    other    ln>titutious    hiivo    installed 

these  Radiator  MumidifyinK  Tans. 


Why  Hide  Your  Light 
Under  a  Bushel  ? 


In  your  X-Ray  work,  get  the  best 

your  machine  is  capable  of.  Unless  you 
do,  you  are  not  getting  credit  for  all  the 
skill  you  have. 

The  little  outfit,  properly;  handled, 
will  do  as  fine  work  as 
the  large  one,  and  tpeed  in 
exposure  can  be  gained  by 
using  Paragon  X-Ray  Plates — 
because  they  are  so  remark- 
ably fast. 


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Paragon   X-Ray   plates   produce 

maximum  efficiency,  from  any  apparatus 
— and  we  help  Paragon  Plate  users  on 
technical  points. 

Our  interest  does  not  end  with 

getting  your  order — that 
is  only  the  first  step.  After  that 
we  want  vou  lo  know  the  btst 
way  to  expose  and  develop  — 
your  successmeans  oursuccess. 


Good  X-Ray  work  always  pays — 

and  pays  well — in  money  and  in  reputa- 
tion. 


Try  Paragon  Milli  -  ampere  - 
second  Technique.  It  puts  mathematical 
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development.  If  you  haven't  it,  send  for 
"Paragon  Pointers" — our  free  book  on  Radio- 
graphy— and  refresh  your  memory. 


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"  The  Perfect  Antacid'' 

For    Correctin|2    Hyperacid    Conditions — Local    or    Systemic.       Vehicle    for    Salicylate!, 

Iodides,  Balsams,  Etc. 
Of  Advantage   in   Neutralizing  tke   Acid   of  Cows'  Milk   for   Infant   and  Invalid   Feeding. 


Phillips'  Phospho-Muriate 
of  Quinine  compound 

N on- Alcoholic   Tonic  and  Reconstructive 

^Vitlt  Marked  Beneficial  Action  upon  the  Nervous  System.     To  be  relied  upon  where 

a  deficiency  of  the  Phosphates  is  evident. 

THE  CHAS.  H.  PHILLIPS  CHEMICAL  CO, 

LONDON     •     NEW  YORK 

Canadian    Representatives  :    The  Wingate    Chemical   Co.,  Ltd.,    545    Notre    Dame    W., 
Montreal,  •w\io  will  be  pleased  to  send  samples  upon  request. 


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